X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy(XPCS)has emerged as a powerful tool for probing the nanoscale dynamics of soft condensed matter and strongly correlated materials owing to its high spatial resolution and penetrat...X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy(XPCS)has emerged as a powerful tool for probing the nanoscale dynamics of soft condensed matter and strongly correlated materials owing to its high spatial resolution and penetration capabilities.This technique requires high brilliance and beam coherence,which are not directly available at modern synchrotron beamlines in China.To facilitate future XPCS experiments,we modified the optical setup of the newly commissioned BL10U1 USAXS beamline at the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF).Subsequently,we performed XPCS measurements on silica suspensions in glycerol,which were opaque owing to their high concentrations.Images were collected using a high frame rate area detector.A comprehensive analysis was performed,yielding correlation functions and several key dynamic parameters.All the results were consistent with the theory of Brownian motion and demonstrated the feasibility of XPCS at SSRF.Finally,by carefully optimizing the setup and analyzing the algorithms,we achieved a time resolution of 2 ms,which enabled the characterization of millisecond dynamics in opaque systems.展开更多
This study was performed to assess the response of regulatory T cells (Tregs) following cryosurgery in prostate cancer (PCa) patients by measuring their frequency and immune function. Blood was collected prior to ...This study was performed to assess the response of regulatory T cells (Tregs) following cryosurgery in prostate cancer (PCa) patients by measuring their frequency and immune function. Blood was collected prior to and at 4 and 8 weeks after treatment in 30 patients with high-risk PCa who underwent cryosurgery and from 15 healthy volunteers. Circulating CD4+CD25+CD127- Tregs were isolated. Their frequency was detected by flow cytometry, and immune suppressive function was evaluated by measuring the proliferation of CD4+CD25- T cells cocultured with Tregs. The results showed that the percentage of circulating CD4+CD25+CD127- Tregs was increased in PCa patients compared to healthy volunteers (7.6%±0.73% vs. 5.8%±0.54%, P〈0.001). The frequency of circulating CD4+CD25+CD127- Tregs was reduced 4 weeks after cryosurgery compared to before surgery (6.3%__.0.58% vs. 7.6%±0.73%, P〈0.001), and the decrease persisted for 8 weeks. However, the suppressive function of Tregs was increased in eight of 12 patients, which might contribute to cancer recurrence. Then the response of circulating Tregs is complicated after cryosurgery for PCa, and further studies are warranted.展开更多
AIM The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of trefoil factor family 3(TFF3) for the early detection of colorectal cancer(CC). METHODS Serum TFF3 and carcino-embryonic antigen(CEA) were detected...AIM The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of trefoil factor family 3(TFF3) for the early detection of colorectal cancer(CC). METHODS Serum TFF3 and carcino-embryonic antigen(CEA) were detected in 527 individuals, including 115 healthy control(HC), 198 colorectal adenoma(CA), and 214 CC individuals in the training group. RESULTS Serum TFF3 showed no significant correlation with age, gender, or tumor location but showed significant correlation with the tumor stage. Serum TFF3 in the CC group was significantly higher than in the HC or CA group. The AUC values of TFF3 for discriminating between HC and CC and between CA and CC were 0.930(0.903, 0.958) and 0.834(0.796, 0.873). A multivariate model combining TFF3 and CEA was built. Compared to TFF3 or CEA alone, the multivariate model showed significant improvement(P < 0.001). For discriminating between HC and CC, HC and early stage CC, HC and advanced stage CC, CA and CC, CA and early stage CC, and CA and advanced stage CC in the training group, the sensitivities were 92.99%, 91.46%, 93.18%, 73.83%, 76.83%, and 81.82%, and the specificities were 91.30%, 91.30%, 93.91%, 88.38%, 77.27%, and 88.38%, respectively. After validation, the sensitivities were 89.39%, 85.71%, 90.79%, 72.73%, 71.43%, and 78.95%, and the specificities were 87.85%, 87.85%, 2.52%, 87.85%, 80.77%, and 87.50%, respectively. CONCLUSION The multivariate diagnostic model that included TFF3 and CEA showed significant improvement over the conventional biomarker CEA and might provide a potential method for the early detection of CC.展开更多
AIM In our previous study, we have built a nine-gene(GPC3, HGF, ANXA1, FOS, SPAG9, HSPA1 B, CXCR4, PFN1, and CALR) expression detection system based on the Ge XP system. Based on peripheral blood and Ge XP, we aimed t...AIM In our previous study, we have built a nine-gene(GPC3, HGF, ANXA1, FOS, SPAG9, HSPA1 B, CXCR4, PFN1, and CALR) expression detection system based on the Ge XP system. Based on peripheral blood and Ge XP, we aimed to analyze the results of genes expression by different multi-parameter analysis methods and build a diagnostic model to classify hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) patients and healthy people.METHODS Logistic regression analysis, discriminant analysis, classification tree analysis, and artificial neural network were used for the multi-parameter gene expression analysis method. One hundred and three patients with early HCC and 54 age-matched healthy normal controls were used to build a diagnostic model. Fiftytwo patients with early HCC and 34 healthy people were used for validation. The area under the curve, sensitivity, and specificity were used as diagnostic indicators.RESULTS Artificial neural network of the total nine genes had the best diagnostic value, and the AUC, sensitivity, and specificity were 0.943, 98%, and 85%, respectively. At last, 52 HCC patients and 34 healthy normal controls were used for validation. The sensitivity and specificity were 96% and 86%, respectively.CONCLUSION Multi-parameter analysis methods may increase the diagnostic value compared to single factor analysis and they may be a trend of the clinical diagnosis in the future.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of sorafenib combined with cryoablation in treating unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods:Patients with unresectable advanced HCC received cryoabla...Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of sorafenib combined with cryoablation in treating unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods:Patients with unresectable advanced HCC received cryoablation and sorafenib at a dose of 400 mg twice daily in 4-week cycles on the same day of the cryoablation.Tumor response,median overall survival and the median time to radiological progression were calculated and the toxicity was evaluated.Results:Seventy-eight patients with unresectable HCC were involved in this study.The median age was 52 years (range,22-81 years).The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status scores were 0 (39.7%),1 (55.1%),and 2 (5.1%).Nine (11.5%) patients were at Barcelona clinic liver cancer (BCLC) stage A,twenty-four (30.8%) patients were at stage B and 45 (57.7%) patients were at stage C.Five (6.4%) achieved partial responses,and 34 (43.6%) achieved stable disease.The median time to progression (TTP) for all enrolled patients was 6.6 months and the median overall survival (OS) was 12.2 months.Conclusion:Cryoablation combined with sorafenib demonstrates good efficacy and acceptable tolerability in treating unresectable advanced HCC patients.展开更多
Sand mold 3 D printing technology is an advanced manufacturing technology which has great flexible manufacturing ability. A multi-material composite sand mold can control the temperature field of metallic parts during...Sand mold 3 D printing technology is an advanced manufacturing technology which has great flexible manufacturing ability. A multi-material composite sand mold can control the temperature field of metallic parts during the pouring process, while the current sand mold 3 D printing technology can only fabricate a single material sand mold. The casting temperature field can not be adjusted by using single sand mold material with isotropous heat exchange ability during the pouring process. In this work, a kind of novel coating device was designed. Multi-material composite sand molds could be manufactured using the coating device according to the casting process demands of the final parts. The influences of curing agent content, coating velocity and scraper shape on compactness and surface roughness of the sand layer(silica sand and zircon sand) were studied. The shapes and sizes of transition intervals of two kinds of sand granules were also tested. The results show that, with the increase of the added volume of curing agent, the compactness of sand layer reduces and the surface roughness value rises. With the increase of the velocity of the coating device, the compactness of sand layer reduces and the surface roughness value rises similarly. In addition, the scraper with a dip angle of 72 degrees could increase the compactness value of the sand layer. The criteria of quality parmeters of the coating procedure are obtained. That is, the surface roughness(δ) of sand layer should be equal to or lesser than half of main size of the sand particles(Dm). The parameter H of the coating device which is the distance between the base of hopper and the surface of sand layer impacts the size of transition zone. The width of the transition zone is in direct proportion to the parameter H, qualitatively. Through the optimization of the coating device, high quality of multi-material sand layers can be obtained. This will provide a solution in manufacturing the multi-material composite sand mold.展开更多
The Shanghai soft X-ray free-electron laser(SXFEL)user facility project started in 2016 and is expected to be open to users by 2022.It aims to deliver ultra-intense coherent femtosecond X-ray pulses to five endstation...The Shanghai soft X-ray free-electron laser(SXFEL)user facility project started in 2016 and is expected to be open to users by 2022.It aims to deliver ultra-intense coherent femtosecond X-ray pulses to five endstations covering a range of 100–620 eV for ultrafast X-ray science.Two undulator lines are designed and constructed,based on different lasing modes:self-amplified spontaneous emission and echo-enabled harmonic generation.The coherent scattering and imaging(CSI)endstation is the first of five endstations to be commissioned online.It focuses on high-resolution single-shot imaging and the study of ultrafast dynamic processes using coherent forward scattering techniques.Both the single-shot holograms and coherent diffraction patterns were recorded and reconstructed for nanoscale imaging,indicating the excellent coherence and high peak power of the SXFEL and the possibility of‘‘diffraction before destruction’’experiments at the CSI endstation.In this study,we report the first commissioning results of the CSI endstation.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the relationship between the clinical and imaging features of ground glass opacity(GGO)localized using a preoperative Hook-wire guidewire and postoperative pathology.Method:Preoperative Hook-wire...Objective:To evaluate the relationship between the clinical and imaging features of ground glass opacity(GGO)localized using a preoperative Hook-wire guidewire and postoperative pathology.Method:Preoperative Hook-wire guidewire localization was performed in 83 patients with GGO less than 2 cm,and their clinical data,imaging data,and postoperative pathology findings were retrospectively analyzed.The images were classified as pure GGO(pGGO) or mixed GGO(mGGO).The relationship between clinical and imaging features and postoperative pathology was analyzed.Result:The 83 cases were colocalized,and the success rate of the guidewire positioning was 100%.Complications included pneumothorax(19.2% [16/83]) and the incidence of minor bleeding(30.2 [25/83]).Forty-seven patients had mGGO and 36 had pGGO.Among the 47 cases of mGGO,18(38.3%) were invasive adenocarcinoma(IAC),18(38.3%) were microinvasive adenocarcinoma(MIA),8(17.0%) were adenocarcinoma in situ(AIS),2(4.3%) were atypical adenomatous hyperplasia(AAH),and 1(2.1%) was benign.Among the 36 cases of pGGO,6(16.7%) were IAC,13(36.1%) were MIA,8(22.2%) were AIS,2(5.6%) were AAH,and 7(19.4%) cases were benign lesions.A significantly higher proportion of patients with IAC had mGGO than pGGO(21.7% vs.7.2%,respectively;p=0.004).Among patients with mGGO,a higher proportion of them had a nodule diameter of ≥1 cm than those with a diameter of <1 cm(25.5% vs.12.8%,respectively;p=0.003).There was no significant difference in age,location distribution,or pathological type.Conclusion: Preoperative CT-guided Hook-wire guidewire positioning was safe with minor complications.A significantly higher proportion of patients with IAC had mGGO than pGGO.Patients with mGGO and a nodule diameter ≥1 cm require active treatment.展开更多
This paper deals with the robust control problem for a class of uncertain nonlinear networked systems with stochastic communication delays via sliding mode conception (SMC). A sequence of variables obeying Bernoulli...This paper deals with the robust control problem for a class of uncertain nonlinear networked systems with stochastic communication delays via sliding mode conception (SMC). A sequence of variables obeying Bernoulli distribution are employed to model the randomly occurring communication delays which could be different for different state variables. A discrete switching function that is different from those in the existing literature is first proposed. Then, expressed as the feasibility of a linear matrix inequality (LMI) with an equality constraint, sufficient conditions are derived in order to ensure the globally mean-square asymptotic stability of the system dynamics on the sliding surface. A discrete-time SMC controller is then synthesized to guarantee the discrete-time sliding mode reaching condition with the specified sliding surface. Finally, a simulation example is given to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To analyze the effects of cryoablation on the mice bearing Rm-I prostate cancer through detecting tumor angiogenesis and cancer cell proliferation in the mice after cryoablation, and to explore the effects o...OBJECTIVE To analyze the effects of cryoablation on the mice bearing Rm-I prostate cancer through detecting tumor angiogenesis and cancer cell proliferation in the mice after cryoablation, and to explore the effects of cryoablation on vascular endothelium growth factor (VEGF), Ki67 protein expression and microvessel density (MVD) in the mice bearing prostate cancer. METHODS Sixty Rm-1 mouse models of prostate cancer were established. Experimental mice were randomized into 2 groups: the cryoablation group (n = 30) and the control group (n = 30). After file therap)4 tumor tissues of the mice in group A and B were obtained at day 0 (without cryoablation), 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, 14th day, respectivelj6 after cryoablation, and the expressions of MVD, VEGF and Ki67 proteins were detected at the same time points. RESULTS The expressions of MVD, VEGF and Ki67 proteins in group A were decreased. The lowest values of the factors were detected on the 3rd day after cryoablation, and increased slowly after that. The expressions of MVD, VEGF and Ki67 proteins in the control group were not changed. Significant changes of the expressions of MVD, VEGF and Ki67 proteins in the group A were found at different time points. Correlation analysis suggested a positive correlation between the expressions of VEGF and MVD proteins (r = 0.8793), a positive correlation between the expressions of Ki67 and MVD proteins (r = 0.7614), and a positive correlation between the expressions of VEGF and ki67 proteins (r = 0.6921). CONCLUSION After argon-helium cryoablation treatment for the mice bearing prostate cancer, the expressions of MVD, VEGF and Ki67 proteins in local tumor were reduced on the 1st day. The lowest values of the factors were detected on the 3rd day after cryoablation, and then increased after that. Cryoablation combined with other modalities of treatment may effectively improve the treatment effects of cryoablation for prostate cancer.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To explore whether MDM2 transfection can alter the MDM2-p53 autoregulatory feedback loop so as to change the sensitivity of ovarian cancer cell lines to cisplatin. METHODS The ovarian cancer cell line A2780 ...OBJECTIVE To explore whether MDM2 transfection can alter the MDM2-p53 autoregulatory feedback loop so as to change the sensitivity of ovarian cancer cell lines to cisplatin. METHODS The ovarian cancer cell line A2780 expressing wild-type P53 and the ovarian cancer cell line SKOV-3 with the p53 null type were stably transfected with pCMV-MDM2 or pCMV as a control. The blocked expression of P53 was determined by Western blots. Cytotoxicity was assessed using the MTT assay and the trypan blue exclusion assay. Flow cytometry was used to detect changes in the cell cycle and removal of platinum -DNA adducts was measured by atomic absorption spec-troscopy. RESULTS (1) Parental A2780 and A2780-V cells (IC50= 15.14±1.39 μmol) have similar cisplatin sensitivities, whereas sensitivity to cisplatin in A2780-M cells (IC50=7.98±1.32 μmol) was 2 to 3 fold greater (P=0.001). The trypan blue exclusion assay demonstrated that cisplatin killed a higher percentage of A2780-M cells compared to A2780-V cells. There was no significant change following MDM2 transfection in SKOV-3 cells. (2) After cisplatin treatment, A2780-M cells showed a pronounced S-phase arrest, however, A2780 cells with the intact wild-type P53, arrested primarily at the G2/M transition. (3) Platinum uptake was similar for all of the A2780 cell lines after ciaplatin treatment, but the removal of plat-inum-DNA adducts was reduced in the A2780-M cells compared with A2780-V cells. CONCLUSION MDM2 increases cisplatin cytotoxicity in ovarian cancer cells by blocking the expression of p53 through the MDM2-p53 autoregulatory feedback loop.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To study the effectiveness on the tumor load and cellular immune function of percutaneous cryoablation (argon-helium cryoablative system, AHCS) combined with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for tr...OBJECTIVE To study the effectiveness on the tumor load and cellular immune function of percutaneous cryoablation (argon-helium cryoablative system, AHCS) combined with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for treating large hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) with diameters over 10 ca. METHODS A total of 48 HCC patients were treated with AHCS after TACE. Tumor sizes ranged from 10 to 14 cm. All cases were a hypervascular type. There were 38 Child A cases and 10 Child B cases. Forty were AFP positive and 8 negative. The patients were randomized with therapy group consisting of 26 cases and the control group 22 cases. The therapy group received AHCS 4 weeks following TACE treatment. Reexamination included pathology, tumor markers, T-lymphocyte subgroup levels and computed tomography or MRI. The necrosis rate of the tumor load was calculated by Cavalieri's theory. EORTC QLQ-C30 was used in quality of life evaluation. RESULTS The average tumor-load reduction rate (necrosis rate) was 8.07% after TACE, and 28.65% after AHCS. Coagulation necrosis was produced in the target area. The tumor markers deceased significantly after AHCS. Tumor-load reduction after AHCS was more significant than after TACE. Suppression of cellular immunity after TACE was significant. In contrast, CD3^+, CD4^+ and NK increased after AHCS and an abnormal T-lymphocyte distribution was corrected. Quality of life after AHCS increased according to the EORTC QLQ-C30 evaluation. No severe complications occurred. CONCLUSION Percutaneous AHCS cryoablation after TACE reduced the tumor load in the short term. At the same time, cellular immune function was increased after AHCS. TACE was critical in increasing the therapeutic efficacy of AHCS because of its embolisation of blood vessels preventing a Flow Effect. Reduction of the tumor load in the short term may conduce to increase cellular immunity. Percutaneous AHCS cryoablation combined with TACE can reduce the tumor load, improve cellular immunity and increase quality of life of HCC patients. This type of therapy deserves to be studied further research.展开更多
Cleaning of carbon-contaminated beamline optics was studied by RF plasma discharge process using O_2/Ar. Carbon-coated samples were prepared, and through their cleaning processes key parameters were determined,such as...Cleaning of carbon-contaminated beamline optics was studied by RF plasma discharge process using O_2/Ar. Carbon-coated samples were prepared, and through their cleaning processes key parameters were determined,such as the optimal RF output power, mixing rates of O_2/Ar, and chamber vacuum. Considerations were made against possible adverse effects in cleaning the beamline optics, such as comparing the roughness of samples before and after cleaning, and possible detrimental kinetic effects on cable insulation. Under the cleaning parameters to clean the beamline optics, the thickness of removed carbon film and the change in beamline photon flux were analyzed.展开更多
BACKGROUND Intraoperative methylene blue testing(IMBT),air leak testing,or endoscopy is used to assess the anastomotic integrity of esophagojejunostomy during open total gastrectomy for gastric cancer.Totally laparosc...BACKGROUND Intraoperative methylene blue testing(IMBT),air leak testing,or endoscopy is used to assess the anastomotic integrity of esophagojejunostomy during open total gastrectomy for gastric cancer.Totally laparoscopic radical gastrectomy has been widely used to treat gastric cancer in the last few decades.However,reports on testing anastomotic integrity in totally laparoscopic radical gastrectomy are limited.AIM To explore the effects of IMBT on the incidence of postoperative anastomotic leaks(PALs)and identify the risk factors for PALs in totally laparoscopic radical gastrectomy.METHODS From January 2017 to December 2019,patients who underwent totally laparoscopic radical gastrectomy at the Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital were retrospectively analyzed.According to whether or not they experienced an IMBT,the patients were divided into an IMBT group and a control group.If the IMBT was positive,an intraoperative suture was required to reinforce the anastomosis.The difference in the incidence of PALs was compared,and the risk factors were investigated.RESULTS This study consisted of 513 patients,211 in the IMBT group and 302 in the control group.Positive IMBT was shown in seven patients(3.3%)in the IMBT group,and no PAL occurred in these patients after suture reinforcement.Multivariate analysis showed that risk factors for predicting positive IMBT were body mass index(BMI)>25 kg/m2(hazard ratio[HR]=8.357,P=0.009),operation time>4 h(HR=55.881,P=0.002),and insufficient surgical experience(HR=15.286,P=0.010).Moreover,15 patients(2.9%)developed PALs in 513 patients,and the rates of PALs were significantly lower in the IMBT group than in the control group[2 of 211 patients(0.9%)vs 13 of 302 patients(4.3%),P=0.0026].Further analysis demonstrated that preoperative complications(HR=13.128,P=0.017),totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy(HR=9.075,P=0.043),and neoadjuvant chemotherapy(HR=7.150,P=0.008)were independent risk factors for PALs.CONCLUSION IMBT is an effective method to evaluate the integrity of anastomosis during totally laparoscopic radical gastrectomy,thus preventing technical defect-related anastomotic leaks.Preoperative complications,totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy,and neoadjuvant chemotherapy are independent risk factors for PALs.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To investigate apoptosis induced by Bax in hepatocellular carcinoma cells and to examine the results of 2 different routes for in vivo gene delivery. METHODS The anti-hepatocellular carcinoma activity of the...OBJECTIVE To investigate apoptosis induced by Bax in hepatocellular carcinoma cells and to examine the results of 2 different routes for in vivo gene delivery. METHODS The anti-hepatocellular carcinoma activity of the Bax gene transferred to the human hepatocellular carcinoma QGY7703 cell line was examined. In addition the Bax gene was transferred in vivo in mice via the caudal vein or hepatic artery to investigate the differences in target organ and non-target organ transfection. RESULTS 1)The Bax gene mediated by a binary adenoviral vector system induced apoptosis in the human hepatic carcinoma QFY7703 cell line. The cell apoptotic rate in the experimental group (Bax) was 50.2±6.9% but only 32.1 ± 9.7% in the Ad/CMV-p53 group, showing that the Bax-apoptotic rate was significantly higher than the control group. 2) LacZ expression was higher in the target organ (liver) when given through the hepatic artery than through the tail vein. In contrast, LacZ expression in the nontarget organs was higher if given through the tail vein compared to the hepatic artery. CONCLUSION Superselective hepatic artery delivery with Bax gene therapy is safe, specific, effective and has low toxicity. This study provided the basis for Bax-gene therapy via the hepatic artery in vivo.展开更多
The addition of organic matter via green manure rotation with rice is considered a smart agricultural practice to maintain soil productivity and support environmental sustainability.However,few studies have quantitati...The addition of organic matter via green manure rotation with rice is considered a smart agricultural practice to maintain soil productivity and support environmental sustainability.However,few studies have quantitatively assessed the impact of green manure rotation and application on the interactions between agronomic management practice,soil fertility,and crop production.In this study,800 pairs of data from 108 studies conducted in the agricultural region of the Yangtze River,China were assessed,and random forest(RF)modeling was performed to evaluate the effect of green manure rotation and application on rice yield and soil properties.Compared to a winter fallow system,rotation and application of green manure significantly increased rice yield and soil organic carbon(SOC)by 8.1%and 8.4%,respectively.According to the RF models,rice type,green manure application rate and duration,mineral and organic nitrogen application rates,and initial SOC content and soil pH were identified as the main drivers for rice yield and SOC changes.Marginal benefit analysis revealed that green manure application rates for early rice in double cropping system and the rice in single cropping system were approximately 20 and 26 t ha-1(fresh weight),respectively.Further,the optimum green manure application rate was approximately 25 t ha-1(fresh weight)for carbon sequestration.However,it should be noted that green manure application to soils with high SOC level might result in the soils becoming a net carbon source.Our study contributed scientific and quantitative indicators for achieving the greatest benefits in rice yield and increasing SOC upon application of green manure.展开更多
基金This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12075304)Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(No.22ZR1442100)National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFB3503904).
文摘X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy(XPCS)has emerged as a powerful tool for probing the nanoscale dynamics of soft condensed matter and strongly correlated materials owing to its high spatial resolution and penetration capabilities.This technique requires high brilliance and beam coherence,which are not directly available at modern synchrotron beamlines in China.To facilitate future XPCS experiments,we modified the optical setup of the newly commissioned BL10U1 USAXS beamline at the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF).Subsequently,we performed XPCS measurements on silica suspensions in glycerol,which were opaque owing to their high concentrations.Images were collected using a high frame rate area detector.A comprehensive analysis was performed,yielding correlation functions and several key dynamic parameters.All the results were consistent with the theory of Brownian motion and demonstrated the feasibility of XPCS at SSRF.Finally,by carefully optimizing the setup and analyzing the algorithms,we achieved a time resolution of 2 ms,which enabled the characterization of millisecond dynamics in opaque systems.
文摘This study was performed to assess the response of regulatory T cells (Tregs) following cryosurgery in prostate cancer (PCa) patients by measuring their frequency and immune function. Blood was collected prior to and at 4 and 8 weeks after treatment in 30 patients with high-risk PCa who underwent cryosurgery and from 15 healthy volunteers. Circulating CD4+CD25+CD127- Tregs were isolated. Their frequency was detected by flow cytometry, and immune suppressive function was evaluated by measuring the proliferation of CD4+CD25- T cells cocultured with Tregs. The results showed that the percentage of circulating CD4+CD25+CD127- Tregs was increased in PCa patients compared to healthy volunteers (7.6%±0.73% vs. 5.8%±0.54%, P〈0.001). The frequency of circulating CD4+CD25+CD127- Tregs was reduced 4 weeks after cryosurgery compared to before surgery (6.3%__.0.58% vs. 7.6%±0.73%, P〈0.001), and the decrease persisted for 8 weeks. However, the suppressive function of Tregs was increased in eight of 12 patients, which might contribute to cancer recurrence. Then the response of circulating Tregs is complicated after cryosurgery for PCa, and further studies are warranted.
基金Supported by The Capital Health Development Special Scientific Research Projects,No.2014-2-2154National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81471761 and No.81501568
文摘AIM The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of trefoil factor family 3(TFF3) for the early detection of colorectal cancer(CC). METHODS Serum TFF3 and carcino-embryonic antigen(CEA) were detected in 527 individuals, including 115 healthy control(HC), 198 colorectal adenoma(CA), and 214 CC individuals in the training group. RESULTS Serum TFF3 showed no significant correlation with age, gender, or tumor location but showed significant correlation with the tumor stage. Serum TFF3 in the CC group was significantly higher than in the HC or CA group. The AUC values of TFF3 for discriminating between HC and CC and between CA and CC were 0.930(0.903, 0.958) and 0.834(0.796, 0.873). A multivariate model combining TFF3 and CEA was built. Compared to TFF3 or CEA alone, the multivariate model showed significant improvement(P < 0.001). For discriminating between HC and CC, HC and early stage CC, HC and advanced stage CC, CA and CC, CA and early stage CC, and CA and advanced stage CC in the training group, the sensitivities were 92.99%, 91.46%, 93.18%, 73.83%, 76.83%, and 81.82%, and the specificities were 91.30%, 91.30%, 93.91%, 88.38%, 77.27%, and 88.38%, respectively. After validation, the sensitivities were 89.39%, 85.71%, 90.79%, 72.73%, 71.43%, and 78.95%, and the specificities were 87.85%, 87.85%, 2.52%, 87.85%, 80.77%, and 87.50%, respectively. CONCLUSION The multivariate diagnostic model that included TFF3 and CEA showed significant improvement over the conventional biomarker CEA and might provide a potential method for the early detection of CC.
基金National Key R&D Program of China,No.2016YFC0106604National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81471761 and No.81501568
文摘AIM In our previous study, we have built a nine-gene(GPC3, HGF, ANXA1, FOS, SPAG9, HSPA1 B, CXCR4, PFN1, and CALR) expression detection system based on the Ge XP system. Based on peripheral blood and Ge XP, we aimed to analyze the results of genes expression by different multi-parameter analysis methods and build a diagnostic model to classify hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) patients and healthy people.METHODS Logistic regression analysis, discriminant analysis, classification tree analysis, and artificial neural network were used for the multi-parameter gene expression analysis method. One hundred and three patients with early HCC and 54 age-matched healthy normal controls were used to build a diagnostic model. Fiftytwo patients with early HCC and 34 healthy people were used for validation. The area under the curve, sensitivity, and specificity were used as diagnostic indicators.RESULTS Artificial neural network of the total nine genes had the best diagnostic value, and the AUC, sensitivity, and specificity were 0.943, 98%, and 85%, respectively. At last, 52 HCC patients and 34 healthy normal controls were used for validation. The sensitivity and specificity were 96% and 86%, respectively.CONCLUSION Multi-parameter analysis methods may increase the diagnostic value compared to single factor analysis and they may be a trend of the clinical diagnosis in the future.
文摘Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of sorafenib combined with cryoablation in treating unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods:Patients with unresectable advanced HCC received cryoablation and sorafenib at a dose of 400 mg twice daily in 4-week cycles on the same day of the cryoablation.Tumor response,median overall survival and the median time to radiological progression were calculated and the toxicity was evaluated.Results:Seventy-eight patients with unresectable HCC were involved in this study.The median age was 52 years (range,22-81 years).The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status scores were 0 (39.7%),1 (55.1%),and 2 (5.1%).Nine (11.5%) patients were at Barcelona clinic liver cancer (BCLC) stage A,twenty-four (30.8%) patients were at stage B and 45 (57.7%) patients were at stage C.Five (6.4%) achieved partial responses,and 34 (43.6%) achieved stable disease.The median time to progression (TTP) for all enrolled patients was 6.6 months and the median overall survival (OS) was 12.2 months.Conclusion:Cryoablation combined with sorafenib demonstrates good efficacy and acceptable tolerability in treating unresectable advanced HCC patients.
基金financially supported by the National Excellent Young Scientists Fund(NO.51525503)
文摘Sand mold 3 D printing technology is an advanced manufacturing technology which has great flexible manufacturing ability. A multi-material composite sand mold can control the temperature field of metallic parts during the pouring process, while the current sand mold 3 D printing technology can only fabricate a single material sand mold. The casting temperature field can not be adjusted by using single sand mold material with isotropous heat exchange ability during the pouring process. In this work, a kind of novel coating device was designed. Multi-material composite sand molds could be manufactured using the coating device according to the casting process demands of the final parts. The influences of curing agent content, coating velocity and scraper shape on compactness and surface roughness of the sand layer(silica sand and zircon sand) were studied. The shapes and sizes of transition intervals of two kinds of sand granules were also tested. The results show that, with the increase of the added volume of curing agent, the compactness of sand layer reduces and the surface roughness value rises. With the increase of the velocity of the coating device, the compactness of sand layer reduces and the surface roughness value rises similarly. In addition, the scraper with a dip angle of 72 degrees could increase the compactness value of the sand layer. The criteria of quality parmeters of the coating procedure are obtained. That is, the surface roughness(δ) of sand layer should be equal to or lesser than half of main size of the sand particles(Dm). The parameter H of the coating device which is the distance between the base of hopper and the surface of sand layer impacts the size of transition zone. The width of the transition zone is in direct proportion to the parameter H, qualitatively. Through the optimization of the coating device, high quality of multi-material sand layers can be obtained. This will provide a solution in manufacturing the multi-material composite sand mold.
基金the Shanghai Soft X-ray Free-Electron Laser Facility beamline projectionfunded by the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China(No.2017YFA0504802)+1 种基金Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB 37040303)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21727817).
文摘The Shanghai soft X-ray free-electron laser(SXFEL)user facility project started in 2016 and is expected to be open to users by 2022.It aims to deliver ultra-intense coherent femtosecond X-ray pulses to five endstations covering a range of 100–620 eV for ultrafast X-ray science.Two undulator lines are designed and constructed,based on different lasing modes:self-amplified spontaneous emission and echo-enabled harmonic generation.The coherent scattering and imaging(CSI)endstation is the first of five endstations to be commissioned online.It focuses on high-resolution single-shot imaging and the study of ultrafast dynamic processes using coherent forward scattering techniques.Both the single-shot holograms and coherent diffraction patterns were recorded and reconstructed for nanoscale imaging,indicating the excellent coherence and high peak power of the SXFEL and the possibility of‘‘diffraction before destruction’’experiments at the CSI endstation.In this study,we report the first commissioning results of the CSI endstation.
文摘Objective:To evaluate the relationship between the clinical and imaging features of ground glass opacity(GGO)localized using a preoperative Hook-wire guidewire and postoperative pathology.Method:Preoperative Hook-wire guidewire localization was performed in 83 patients with GGO less than 2 cm,and their clinical data,imaging data,and postoperative pathology findings were retrospectively analyzed.The images were classified as pure GGO(pGGO) or mixed GGO(mGGO).The relationship between clinical and imaging features and postoperative pathology was analyzed.Result:The 83 cases were colocalized,and the success rate of the guidewire positioning was 100%.Complications included pneumothorax(19.2% [16/83]) and the incidence of minor bleeding(30.2 [25/83]).Forty-seven patients had mGGO and 36 had pGGO.Among the 47 cases of mGGO,18(38.3%) were invasive adenocarcinoma(IAC),18(38.3%) were microinvasive adenocarcinoma(MIA),8(17.0%) were adenocarcinoma in situ(AIS),2(4.3%) were atypical adenomatous hyperplasia(AAH),and 1(2.1%) was benign.Among the 36 cases of pGGO,6(16.7%) were IAC,13(36.1%) were MIA,8(22.2%) were AIS,2(5.6%) were AAH,and 7(19.4%) cases were benign lesions.A significantly higher proportion of patients with IAC had mGGO than pGGO(21.7% vs.7.2%,respectively;p=0.004).Among patients with mGGO,a higher proportion of them had a nodule diameter of ≥1 cm than those with a diameter of <1 cm(25.5% vs.12.8%,respectively;p=0.003).There was no significant difference in age,location distribution,or pathological type.Conclusion: Preoperative CT-guided Hook-wire guidewire positioning was safe with minor complications.A significantly higher proportion of patients with IAC had mGGO than pGGO.Patients with mGGO and a nodule diameter ≥1 cm require active treatment.
基金supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council(EPSRC)of the UK(No.GR/S27658/01)the Royal Society of the UK and the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation of Germany
文摘This paper deals with the robust control problem for a class of uncertain nonlinear networked systems with stochastic communication delays via sliding mode conception (SMC). A sequence of variables obeying Bernoulli distribution are employed to model the randomly occurring communication delays which could be different for different state variables. A discrete switching function that is different from those in the existing literature is first proposed. Then, expressed as the feasibility of a linear matrix inequality (LMI) with an equality constraint, sufficient conditions are derived in order to ensure the globally mean-square asymptotic stability of the system dynamics on the sliding surface. A discrete-time SMC controller is then synthesized to guarantee the discrete-time sliding mode reaching condition with the specified sliding surface. Finally, a simulation example is given to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
文摘OBJECTIVE To analyze the effects of cryoablation on the mice bearing Rm-I prostate cancer through detecting tumor angiogenesis and cancer cell proliferation in the mice after cryoablation, and to explore the effects of cryoablation on vascular endothelium growth factor (VEGF), Ki67 protein expression and microvessel density (MVD) in the mice bearing prostate cancer. METHODS Sixty Rm-1 mouse models of prostate cancer were established. Experimental mice were randomized into 2 groups: the cryoablation group (n = 30) and the control group (n = 30). After file therap)4 tumor tissues of the mice in group A and B were obtained at day 0 (without cryoablation), 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, 14th day, respectivelj6 after cryoablation, and the expressions of MVD, VEGF and Ki67 proteins were detected at the same time points. RESULTS The expressions of MVD, VEGF and Ki67 proteins in group A were decreased. The lowest values of the factors were detected on the 3rd day after cryoablation, and increased slowly after that. The expressions of MVD, VEGF and Ki67 proteins in the control group were not changed. Significant changes of the expressions of MVD, VEGF and Ki67 proteins in the group A were found at different time points. Correlation analysis suggested a positive correlation between the expressions of VEGF and MVD proteins (r = 0.8793), a positive correlation between the expressions of Ki67 and MVD proteins (r = 0.7614), and a positive correlation between the expressions of VEGF and ki67 proteins (r = 0.6921). CONCLUSION After argon-helium cryoablation treatment for the mice bearing prostate cancer, the expressions of MVD, VEGF and Ki67 proteins in local tumor were reduced on the 1st day. The lowest values of the factors were detected on the 3rd day after cryoablation, and then increased after that. Cryoablation combined with other modalities of treatment may effectively improve the treatment effects of cryoablation for prostate cancer.
文摘OBJECTIVE To explore whether MDM2 transfection can alter the MDM2-p53 autoregulatory feedback loop so as to change the sensitivity of ovarian cancer cell lines to cisplatin. METHODS The ovarian cancer cell line A2780 expressing wild-type P53 and the ovarian cancer cell line SKOV-3 with the p53 null type were stably transfected with pCMV-MDM2 or pCMV as a control. The blocked expression of P53 was determined by Western blots. Cytotoxicity was assessed using the MTT assay and the trypan blue exclusion assay. Flow cytometry was used to detect changes in the cell cycle and removal of platinum -DNA adducts was measured by atomic absorption spec-troscopy. RESULTS (1) Parental A2780 and A2780-V cells (IC50= 15.14±1.39 μmol) have similar cisplatin sensitivities, whereas sensitivity to cisplatin in A2780-M cells (IC50=7.98±1.32 μmol) was 2 to 3 fold greater (P=0.001). The trypan blue exclusion assay demonstrated that cisplatin killed a higher percentage of A2780-M cells compared to A2780-V cells. There was no significant change following MDM2 transfection in SKOV-3 cells. (2) After cisplatin treatment, A2780-M cells showed a pronounced S-phase arrest, however, A2780 cells with the intact wild-type P53, arrested primarily at the G2/M transition. (3) Platinum uptake was similar for all of the A2780 cell lines after ciaplatin treatment, but the removal of plat-inum-DNA adducts was reduced in the A2780-M cells compared with A2780-V cells. CONCLUSION MDM2 increases cisplatin cytotoxicity in ovarian cancer cells by blocking the expression of p53 through the MDM2-p53 autoregulatory feedback loop.
文摘OBJECTIVE To study the effectiveness on the tumor load and cellular immune function of percutaneous cryoablation (argon-helium cryoablative system, AHCS) combined with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for treating large hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) with diameters over 10 ca. METHODS A total of 48 HCC patients were treated with AHCS after TACE. Tumor sizes ranged from 10 to 14 cm. All cases were a hypervascular type. There were 38 Child A cases and 10 Child B cases. Forty were AFP positive and 8 negative. The patients were randomized with therapy group consisting of 26 cases and the control group 22 cases. The therapy group received AHCS 4 weeks following TACE treatment. Reexamination included pathology, tumor markers, T-lymphocyte subgroup levels and computed tomography or MRI. The necrosis rate of the tumor load was calculated by Cavalieri's theory. EORTC QLQ-C30 was used in quality of life evaluation. RESULTS The average tumor-load reduction rate (necrosis rate) was 8.07% after TACE, and 28.65% after AHCS. Coagulation necrosis was produced in the target area. The tumor markers deceased significantly after AHCS. Tumor-load reduction after AHCS was more significant than after TACE. Suppression of cellular immunity after TACE was significant. In contrast, CD3^+, CD4^+ and NK increased after AHCS and an abnormal T-lymphocyte distribution was corrected. Quality of life after AHCS increased according to the EORTC QLQ-C30 evaluation. No severe complications occurred. CONCLUSION Percutaneous AHCS cryoablation after TACE reduced the tumor load in the short term. At the same time, cellular immune function was increased after AHCS. TACE was critical in increasing the therapeutic efficacy of AHCS because of its embolisation of blood vessels preventing a Flow Effect. Reduction of the tumor load in the short term may conduce to increase cellular immunity. Percutaneous AHCS cryoablation combined with TACE can reduce the tumor load, improve cellular immunity and increase quality of life of HCC patients. This type of therapy deserves to be studied further research.
基金supported by the Maintenance and Renovation Project of Large Scale Scientific Facility,Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘Cleaning of carbon-contaminated beamline optics was studied by RF plasma discharge process using O_2/Ar. Carbon-coated samples were prepared, and through their cleaning processes key parameters were determined,such as the optimal RF output power, mixing rates of O_2/Ar, and chamber vacuum. Considerations were made against possible adverse effects in cleaning the beamline optics, such as comparing the roughness of samples before and after cleaning, and possible detrimental kinetic effects on cable insulation. Under the cleaning parameters to clean the beamline optics, the thickness of removed carbon film and the change in beamline photon flux were analyzed.
文摘BACKGROUND Intraoperative methylene blue testing(IMBT),air leak testing,or endoscopy is used to assess the anastomotic integrity of esophagojejunostomy during open total gastrectomy for gastric cancer.Totally laparoscopic radical gastrectomy has been widely used to treat gastric cancer in the last few decades.However,reports on testing anastomotic integrity in totally laparoscopic radical gastrectomy are limited.AIM To explore the effects of IMBT on the incidence of postoperative anastomotic leaks(PALs)and identify the risk factors for PALs in totally laparoscopic radical gastrectomy.METHODS From January 2017 to December 2019,patients who underwent totally laparoscopic radical gastrectomy at the Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital were retrospectively analyzed.According to whether or not they experienced an IMBT,the patients were divided into an IMBT group and a control group.If the IMBT was positive,an intraoperative suture was required to reinforce the anastomosis.The difference in the incidence of PALs was compared,and the risk factors were investigated.RESULTS This study consisted of 513 patients,211 in the IMBT group and 302 in the control group.Positive IMBT was shown in seven patients(3.3%)in the IMBT group,and no PAL occurred in these patients after suture reinforcement.Multivariate analysis showed that risk factors for predicting positive IMBT were body mass index(BMI)>25 kg/m2(hazard ratio[HR]=8.357,P=0.009),operation time>4 h(HR=55.881,P=0.002),and insufficient surgical experience(HR=15.286,P=0.010).Moreover,15 patients(2.9%)developed PALs in 513 patients,and the rates of PALs were significantly lower in the IMBT group than in the control group[2 of 211 patients(0.9%)vs 13 of 302 patients(4.3%),P=0.0026].Further analysis demonstrated that preoperative complications(HR=13.128,P=0.017),totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy(HR=9.075,P=0.043),and neoadjuvant chemotherapy(HR=7.150,P=0.008)were independent risk factors for PALs.CONCLUSION IMBT is an effective method to evaluate the integrity of anastomosis during totally laparoscopic radical gastrectomy,thus preventing technical defect-related anastomotic leaks.Preoperative complications,totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy,and neoadjuvant chemotherapy are independent risk factors for PALs.
文摘OBJECTIVE To investigate apoptosis induced by Bax in hepatocellular carcinoma cells and to examine the results of 2 different routes for in vivo gene delivery. METHODS The anti-hepatocellular carcinoma activity of the Bax gene transferred to the human hepatocellular carcinoma QGY7703 cell line was examined. In addition the Bax gene was transferred in vivo in mice via the caudal vein or hepatic artery to investigate the differences in target organ and non-target organ transfection. RESULTS 1)The Bax gene mediated by a binary adenoviral vector system induced apoptosis in the human hepatic carcinoma QFY7703 cell line. The cell apoptotic rate in the experimental group (Bax) was 50.2±6.9% but only 32.1 ± 9.7% in the Ad/CMV-p53 group, showing that the Bax-apoptotic rate was significantly higher than the control group. 2) LacZ expression was higher in the target organ (liver) when given through the hepatic artery than through the tail vein. In contrast, LacZ expression in the nontarget organs was higher if given through the tail vein compared to the hepatic artery. CONCLUSION Superselective hepatic artery delivery with Bax gene therapy is safe, specific, effective and has low toxicity. This study provided the basis for Bax-gene therapy via the hepatic artery in vivo.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41907073)Additionally,the work contributes to the activities of the Jiangsu Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Fund,China(No.CX(22)2002).
文摘The addition of organic matter via green manure rotation with rice is considered a smart agricultural practice to maintain soil productivity and support environmental sustainability.However,few studies have quantitatively assessed the impact of green manure rotation and application on the interactions between agronomic management practice,soil fertility,and crop production.In this study,800 pairs of data from 108 studies conducted in the agricultural region of the Yangtze River,China were assessed,and random forest(RF)modeling was performed to evaluate the effect of green manure rotation and application on rice yield and soil properties.Compared to a winter fallow system,rotation and application of green manure significantly increased rice yield and soil organic carbon(SOC)by 8.1%and 8.4%,respectively.According to the RF models,rice type,green manure application rate and duration,mineral and organic nitrogen application rates,and initial SOC content and soil pH were identified as the main drivers for rice yield and SOC changes.Marginal benefit analysis revealed that green manure application rates for early rice in double cropping system and the rice in single cropping system were approximately 20 and 26 t ha-1(fresh weight),respectively.Further,the optimum green manure application rate was approximately 25 t ha-1(fresh weight)for carbon sequestration.However,it should be noted that green manure application to soils with high SOC level might result in the soils becoming a net carbon source.Our study contributed scientific and quantitative indicators for achieving the greatest benefits in rice yield and increasing SOC upon application of green manure.