Cosmological Constraints on Neutrino Masses in Light of JWST Red and Massive Candidate Galaxies

The overabundance of the red and massive candidate galaxies observed by the James Webb Space Telescope(JWST)implies efficient structure formation or large star formation efficiency at high redshift z~10.In the scenario of a low or moderate star formation efficiency,because massive neutrinos tend to suppress the growth of structure of the universe,the JWST observation tightens the upper bound of the neutrino masses.Assuming A cold dark matter cosmology and a star formation efficiency∈[0.05,0.3](flat prior),we perform joint analyses of Planck+JWST and Planck+BAO+JWST,and obtain improved constraints∑m_(ν)<0.196 eV and ∑m_(ν)+<0.111 eV at 95% confidence level,respectively.Based on the above assumptions,the inverted mass ordering,which implies ∑m_(ν)≥0.1 eV,is excluded by Planck+BAO+JWST at 92.7% confidence level.

Quantifying the Tension between Cosmological Models and JWST Red Candidate Massive Galaxies

We develop a Python tool to estimate the tail distribution of the number of dark matter halos beyond a mass threshold and in a given volume in a light-cone.The code is based on the extended Press-Schechter model and is computationally efficient,typically taking a few seconds on a personal laptop for a given set of cosmological parameters.The high efficiency of the code allows a quick estimation of the tension between cosmological models and the red candidate massive galaxies released by the James Webb Space Telescope,as well as scanning the theory space with the Markov Chain Monte Carlo method.As an example application,we use the tool to study the cosmological implication of the candidate galaxies presented in Labbéet al.The standard Λcold dark matter(ΛCDM)model is well consistent with the data if the star formation efficiency can reach~0.3 at high redshift.For a low star formation efficiency ε~0.1,theΛCDM model is disfavored at~2σ-3σconfidence level.

A more accurate Parameterization based on cosmic Age(MAPAge)

Recently,several statistically significant tensions between different cosmological datasets have raised doubts about the standard Lambda cold dark matter(ACDM)model.A recent letter(Huang 2020)suggests to use"Parameterization based on cosmic Age"(PAge)to approximate a broad class of beyondACDM models,with a typical accuracy~1%in angular diameter distances at z■10.In this work,we extend PAge to a More Accurate Parameterization based on cosmic Age(MAPAge)by adding a new degree of freedomη2.The parameterη2 describes the difference between physically motivated models and their phenomenological PAge approximations.The accuracy of MAPAge,typically of order 10-3 in angular diameter distances at z■10,is significantly better than PAge.We compare PAge and MAPAge with current observational data and forecast data.The conjecture in Huang(2020),that PAge approximation is sufficiently good for current observations,is quantitatively confirmed in this work.We also show that the extension from PAge to MAPAge is important for future observations,which typically require sub-percent accuracy in theoretical predictions.

Erratum to:Forecasts on CMB lensing observations with AliCPT-1

One of the authors regrets that there was an omission of affiliation in this published article[1].The affiliation information of author Yi-WenWu only included the institution name for the author,and it is advised to add the university as the author’s second affiliation,which is the 16th affiliation of this article.

Forecasts on CMB lensing observations with AliCPT-1

Ali CPT-1 is the first Chinese cosmic microwave background(CMB) experiment aiming for the high-precision measurement of CMB B-mode polarization. The telescope, currently under deployment in Tibet, will observe in two frequency bands centered at 90 and 150 GHz. We forecast the CMB lensing reconstruction, lensing-galaxy, and lensing-cosmic infrared background(CIB) cross-correlation signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) for Ali CPT-1. We consider two stages with different integrated observation times, namely “4 module*yr”(first stage) and “48 module*yr”(final stage). For lensing reconstruction, we use three different quadratic estimators, namely temperature-only, polarization-only and minimum-variance(MV) estimators, using curved sky geometry. We take into account the impacts of inhomogeneous hit counts and mean-field bias due to incomplete sky coverage.In the first stage, our results show that the 150 GHz channel can measure the lensing signals at 15σ significance with the MV estimator. In the final stage, the measurement significance will increase to 31σ. We also combine the two frequency data in the harmonic domain to optimize the SNR. Our results show that the coadding procedure can significantly reduce the reconstruction bias in the high multiple range. Owning to the high quality of the polarization data in the final stage of Ali CPT-1, the EB estimator will dominate the lensing reconstruction in this stage. We also estimate the SNR of cross-correlations between Ali CPT-1 CMB lensing and other tracers of the large scale structure of the universe. For its cross-correlation with Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument(DESI) galaxies/quasars, we report the cross-correlation SNR = 10-20 for the four redshift bins at 0.05 < z < 2.1. In the first stage, the total SNR is approximately 32. In the final stage, the lensing-galaxy cross-correlation can reach SNR = 52. For lensing-CIB cross-correlation, in the first stage, the cross-correlations between Ali CPT-1 lensing and Planck CIB 353, 545 and857 GHz channels are approximately SNR = 18, 19, and 23, respectively. In the final stage, the cross-correlations can reach SNR = 25, 33 and 42. Due to the strong correlations between frequency bands, the total lensing-CIB cross-correlations by combining the three frequencies in Planck CIBs are SNR = 23 and 43 for the Ali CPT-1 first and final stages, respectively.