Maize(Zea mays L.) is an economically vital grain crop that is cultivated worldwide. In 2011, a maize foliar disease was detected in Lingtai and Lintao counties in Gansu Province, China. The characteristic signs and s...Maize(Zea mays L.) is an economically vital grain crop that is cultivated worldwide. In 2011, a maize foliar disease was detected in Lingtai and Lintao counties in Gansu Province, China. The characteristic signs and symptoms of this disease include irregular chlorotic lesions on the tips and edges of infected leaves and black punctate fruiting bodies in dead leaf tissues. Given favourable environmental conditions, this disease spread to areas surrounding Gansu. In this study, infected leaves were collected from Gansu and Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region between 2018and 2020 to identify the disease-causing pathogen. Based on morphological features, pathogenicity tests, and multilocus phylogenetic analysis involving internal transcribed spacer(ITS), 18S small subunit rDNA(SSU), 28S large subunit rDNA(LSU), translation elongation factor 1-alpha(TEF), and β-tubulin(TUB) sequences, Eutiarosporella dactylidis was identified as the causative pathogen of this newly discovered leaf blight. Furthermore, an in vitro bioassay was conducted on representative strains using six fungicides, and both fludioxonil and carbendazim were found to significantly inhibit the mycelial growth of E. dactylidis. The results of this study provide a reference for the detection and management of Eutiarosporella leaf blight.展开更多
Free radicals can improve the reaction rate,but most of them are unstable due to unpaired electrons.Simultaneously maintaining their stability and activity is challenging.Herein,taking sulfur(S)radicals as an example,...Free radicals can improve the reaction rate,but most of them are unstable due to unpaired electrons.Simultaneously maintaining their stability and activity is challenging.Herein,taking sulfur(S)radicals as an example,we propose a strategy in which solvated metal complexes constructed by Al(acetylacetonate)_(3) and different solvents can stabilize high concentrations of S radicals with good activity through ion–dipole interactions.Based on this strategy,it is first demonstrated that S_(4)^(·-) is selectively stabilized by controlling the configurations of the solvated complexes.As a result,the reaction rate of S↔Li_(2)S is increased by 8 times,and the energy efficiency and rate capability of the Li–S batteries are significantly improved,especially the 5-fold increase in cell capacities at a low electrolyte/sulfur ratio.This work provides an important strategy in which solvated metal complexes balance the activity and stability of free radicals to accelerate reactions and their application in various fields.展开更多
A series of Schiff base aluminum(III) complexes bearing morpholinomethyl substituents were synthesized. Comprehensive investigations on their stereoselective and kinetic features in the ring opening polymerization of ...A series of Schiff base aluminum(III) complexes bearing morpholinomethyl substituents were synthesized. Comprehensive investigations on their stereoselective and kinetic features in the ring opening polymerization of lactide were carried out. The ring opening polymerization proved to be first-order in the catalyst and the monomer. Linear relationships between the numberaverage molecular weight of the polylactide and the monomer conversion were consistent with a well-controlled polymerization. The propagation rate was strongly affected by morpholinomethyl substituents on the salicylaldehyde moiety.展开更多
基金supported by the Doctor Foundation of Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,China(2020GAAS33)the Young Science and Technology Lifting Engineering Talents in Gansu Province,China(2020-18)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS-ASTIP-2017-ICS)。
文摘Maize(Zea mays L.) is an economically vital grain crop that is cultivated worldwide. In 2011, a maize foliar disease was detected in Lingtai and Lintao counties in Gansu Province, China. The characteristic signs and symptoms of this disease include irregular chlorotic lesions on the tips and edges of infected leaves and black punctate fruiting bodies in dead leaf tissues. Given favourable environmental conditions, this disease spread to areas surrounding Gansu. In this study, infected leaves were collected from Gansu and Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region between 2018and 2020 to identify the disease-causing pathogen. Based on morphological features, pathogenicity tests, and multilocus phylogenetic analysis involving internal transcribed spacer(ITS), 18S small subunit rDNA(SSU), 28S large subunit rDNA(LSU), translation elongation factor 1-alpha(TEF), and β-tubulin(TUB) sequences, Eutiarosporella dactylidis was identified as the causative pathogen of this newly discovered leaf blight. Furthermore, an in vitro bioassay was conducted on representative strains using six fungicides, and both fludioxonil and carbendazim were found to significantly inhibit the mycelial growth of E. dactylidis. The results of this study provide a reference for the detection and management of Eutiarosporella leaf blight.
基金This work was supported financially by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22005085,U22A2043,21773055)Joint Fund of Science and Technology R&D Plan of Henan Province(222301420005)+1 种基金Project funded by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020M682277)The authors gratefully acknowledge Dr.Rui Zhu for the discussion about modeling.
文摘Free radicals can improve the reaction rate,but most of them are unstable due to unpaired electrons.Simultaneously maintaining their stability and activity is challenging.Herein,taking sulfur(S)radicals as an example,we propose a strategy in which solvated metal complexes constructed by Al(acetylacetonate)_(3) and different solvents can stabilize high concentrations of S radicals with good activity through ion–dipole interactions.Based on this strategy,it is first demonstrated that S_(4)^(·-) is selectively stabilized by controlling the configurations of the solvated complexes.As a result,the reaction rate of S↔Li_(2)S is increased by 8 times,and the energy efficiency and rate capability of the Li–S batteries are significantly improved,especially the 5-fold increase in cell capacities at a low electrolyte/sulfur ratio.This work provides an important strategy in which solvated metal complexes balance the activity and stability of free radicals to accelerate reactions and their application in various fields.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51173183,51233004,51390484,51321062,51473029)
文摘A series of Schiff base aluminum(III) complexes bearing morpholinomethyl substituents were synthesized. Comprehensive investigations on their stereoselective and kinetic features in the ring opening polymerization of lactide were carried out. The ring opening polymerization proved to be first-order in the catalyst and the monomer. Linear relationships between the numberaverage molecular weight of the polylactide and the monomer conversion were consistent with a well-controlled polymerization. The propagation rate was strongly affected by morpholinomethyl substituents on the salicylaldehyde moiety.
