Baoziwan-Majiashan Area of Jiyuan Oilfield Analysis of Reservoir Characteristics and Main Control Factors in Long 4 5 Section

Based on the sheet, scanning electron microscope and high pressure mercury analysis method, this paper takes Jiyuan oilfield-Ma Jia mountain district 4 5 sandstone reservoir as the research object, from the reservoir petrology, pore type and porosity, permeability, the system analyzed the reservoir characteristics and its control factors. The results show that the sandstone in the 4 5 section of Baoziwan-Majiashan area of Jiyuan oilfield is fine in size and high in filling content. The pore types were dominated by intergranular pores and dissolved pores, with a low face rate. The reservoir property is relatively poor, with mean porosity of 11.11% and mean permeability of 1.16 × 10−3 µm2. In the low porous, low otonic background, the development of relatively high pore hypertonic areas. Compaction and cementation should play a destructive role in reservoir properties, and dissolution should play a positive role in reservoir properties. Compaction adjusts the migration of clay minerals and miscellaneous bases in the original sediment in the study area, greatly reducing the porosity and permeability of the reservoir;the development of the cement cement, carbonate cementation and some quartz secondary compounds reduces the storage space;the dissolution effect, especially the secondary dissolution pores of the reservoir, which obviously improves the properties of the reservoir.

Genome-wide association with transcriptomics reveals a shade-tolerance gene network in soybean

Shade tolerance is essential for soybeans in inter/relay cropping systems.A genome-wide association study(GWAS)integrated with transcriptome sequencing was performed to identify genes and construct a genetic network governing the trait in a set of recombinant inbred lines derived from two soybean parents with contrasting shade tolerance.An improved GWAS procedure,restricted two-stage multi-locus genome-wide association study based on gene/allele sequence markers(GASM-RTM-GWAS),identified 140 genes and their alleles associated with shade-tolerance index(STI),146 with relative pith cell length(RCL),and nine with both.Annotation of these genes by biological categories allowed the construction of a protein–protein interaction network by 187 genes,of which half were differentially expressed under shading and non-shading conditions as well as at different growth stages.From the identified genes,three ones jointly identified for both traits by both GWAS and transcriptome and two genes with maximum links were chosen as beginners for entrance into the network.Altogether,both STI and RCL gene systems worked for shade-tolerance with genes interacted each other,this confirmed that shadetolerance is regulated by more than single group of interacted genes,involving multiple biological functions as a gene network.

Multi-UAV Collaborative Mission Planning Method for Self-Organized Sensor Data Acquisition

In recent years,sensor technology has been widely used in the defense and control of sensitive areas in cities,or in various scenarios such as early warning of forest fires,monitoring of forest pests and diseases,and protection of endangered animals.Deploying sensors to collect data and then utilizing unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)to collect the data stored in the sensors has replaced traditional manual data collection as the dominant method.The current strategies for efficient data collection in above scenarios are still imperfect,and the low quality of the collected data and the excessive energy consumed by UAV flights are still the main problems faced in data collection.With regards this,this paper proposes a multi-UAV mission planning method for self-organized sensor data acquisition by comprehensively utilizing the techniques of self-organized sensor clustering,multi-UAV mission area allocation,and sub-area data acquisition scheme optimization.The improvedα-hop clustering method utilizes the average transmission distance to reduce the size of the collection sensors,and the K-Dimensional method is used to form a multi-UAV cooperative workspace,and then,the genetic algorithm is used to trade-off the speed with the age of information(AoI)of the collected information and the energy consumption to form the multi-UAV data collection operation scheme.The combined optimization scheme in paper improves the performance by 95.56%and 58.21%,respectively,compared to the traditional baseline model.In order to verify the excellent generalization and applicability of the proposed method in real scenarios,the simulation test is conducted by introducing the digital elevation model data of the real terrain,and the results show that the relative error values of the proposed method and the performance test of the actual flight of the UAV are within the error interval of±10%.Then,the advantages and disadvantages of the present method with the existing mainstream schemes are tested,and the results show that the present method has a huge advantage in terms of space and time complexity,and at the same time,the accuracy for data extraction is relatively improved by 10.46%and 12.71%.Finally,by eliminating the clustering process and the subtask assignment process,the AoI performance decreases by 3.46×and 4.45×,and the energy performance decreases by 3.52×and 4.47×.This paper presents a comprehensive and detailed proactive optimization of the existing challenges faced in the field of data acquisition by means of a series of combinatorial optimizations.

Features of colorectal cancer in China stratified by anatomic sites:A hospital-based study conducted in university-affiliated hospitals from 2014 to 2018

Objective:The clinical and biological characteristics of colorectal cancer have been found to differ depending on the anatomic site of the cancer.However,for Chinese patients,there is limited information on the proportion of cases at each site and the related features.In this study,we explored the location,distribution and other features of colorectal cancers at each anatomic site in Chinese patients.Methods:We conducted a hospital-based study using hospitalization summary reports from 10 Peking University-affiliated hospitals from 2014 to 2018;the reports covered a total of 2,097,347 hospitalizations.Incident cases were chosen as the study population,and their epidemiological features were further analyzed.Results:A total of 20,739 colorectal cancer patients were identified.Rectum was the most common location(48.3%)of the cancer,whereas the proportions of patients with distal and proximal colon cancer were 24.5%and18.6%,respectively.Patients with rectal cancer were predominantly male and were the youngest for all anatomical sites(each P<0.001).The highest proportion of emergency admissions,the longest hospital stays and the highest hospitalization costs were found in patients with proximal colon cancer(each P<0.001).The proximal colon cancer subgroup included the highest proportions of patients with medical histories of cholecystectomy,cholecystolithiasis and/or gallbladder polyps and appendectomy(P=0.009,P<0.001 and P<0.001,respectively).The distal colon cancer subgroup included the highest proportions of patients with medical histories of diabetes and hypertension(P<0.001,respectively).Conclusions:The patterns of colorectal cancer observed in this study differ from those reported for Western patients and show a significantly higher proportion of patients with rectal cancer.Different epidemiological features were also found based on anatomic sites.Further studies based on tumor location should be conducted to facilitate more accurate screening and treatment.

cgVEGF164基因对小鼠毛囊生长的影响

血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF)是一种二聚体糖蛋白,能够诱导毛囊血管内皮细胞的增殖和迁移,调节毛囊周围毛细血管生成,进而影响毛囊的生长发育。已知cgVEGF164是绒山羊VEGF-A基因的一种主要剪接变体,但cgVEGF164基因是否具有调控毛囊生长发育的作用目前尚不清楚。为初步探究cgVEGF164基因对毛囊生长的影响及其机制,本研究通过原核显微注射制备cgVEGF164转基因过量表达小鼠。通过HE染色法比较转基因小鼠和非转基因对照小鼠毛囊的直径和密度,利用WesternBlot检测小鼠背部皮肤中信号蛋白ERK1/2、AKT1、LEF1的磷酸化水平。本研究成功获得5只阳性cg VEGF164转基因小鼠(雌雄比为4:1,阳性率8.5%);与非转基因对照小鼠相比,转基因小鼠毛囊直径增大、密度增加;经检测转基因小鼠中ERK1/2、AKT1、LEF1的磷酸化水平均上调。结果表明,cgVEGF164基因具有促进小鼠毛囊生长的作用,推测该功能可能与cgVEGF164影响ERK1/2、AKT1和LEF1等信号蛋白的磷酸化有关。

Comparative transcriptomic analysis of Macro brachium nippon ense in response to Aerom onas veronii or Staphylococcus au reus infection

Macrobrachium nipponense is an economically important freshwater prawn that is often threatened by many aquatic pathogens.In this study,comparative transcriptomic analysis was fi rstly used to explore the transcriptional response of M.nipponense to Aeromonas veronii or Staphylococcus aureus stimulation.A total of 400.19 million clean reads were obtained and assembled into 56944 unigenes with an average length of 1253 bp.A total of 1857 diff erentially expressed genes were found after A.veronii infection,including 677 genes that were up-regulated and 1180 genes that were down-regulated,while 1061 signifi cant diff erentially expressed genes were identifi ed after S.aureus infection,including 390 up-regulated and 671 down-regulated genes.Many immune-related genes including Spaetzle,prophenoloxidase activating factor,C-type lectin,anti-lipopolysaccharide factor,and inhibitor of apoptosis 2 protein were commonly up-regulated after A.veronii or S.aureus infection.This study will enrich our understanding of the immune response to gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria infection in crustaceans.

Observation and analysis of morphology abnormalities in development of Oryzias melastigma embryos

Fish embryos are widely used as models in toxicology,drug development,and human disease research because of their high sensitivity,observability,and operability,providing the basis for an in-depth understanding of the embryogenesis.Increasing studies have indicated that birth defects are hereditary.In this study,we used Oryzias melastigma as a model to conduct a study of 185-day embryogenesis and observed self-induced non-pathological abnormal embryogenesis.O.melastigma experienced pre-puberty stage,adolescence stage,and senescence stage,and individuals produced up to 102 eggs per day.However,the fecundity was markedly reduced during the senescent stage.During the active egg and blastodisc stages,pseudo-fertilization and pseudo-blastocysts were observed.During cleavage at the 4-to 32-cell stages,we observed blastomeres separation or dislocation.Excessively separated blastomeres formed double blastoderms,eventually resulting in conjoined twins.During the blastula stage,we observed abnormally increased cell volume,narrowed and elongated blastocysts,and abnormally coated blastoderms.At the organogenesis stage,we observed abnormal numbers of Kupff er’s vesicles and conjoined twins.Abnormality in the location and number of oil droplets were observed in various development stages.Abnormal development was more commonly observed in fertilized eggs produced by broodstock in pre-puberty or senescence stages,which is probably related to the age of fish and the egg quality.This study can provide the materials for comparative analysis in toxicological and molecular studies of O.melastigma,and may provide evidence for other economic fish that produce sticky eggs.

THE COMBINED INVISCID AND NON-RESISTIVE LIMIT FOR THE NONHOMOGENEOUS INCOMPRESSIBLE MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC EQUATIONS WITH NAVIER BOUNDARY CONDITIONS

In this paper, we establish the existence of the global weak solutions for the non-homogeneous incompressible magnetohydrodynamic equations with Navier boundary condi-tions for the velocity field and the magnetic field in a bounded domain Ω R^3. Furthermore,we prove that as the viscosity and resistivity coefficients go to zero simultaneously, these weaksolutions converge to the strong one of the ideal nonhomogeneous incompressible magneto-hydrodynamic equations in energy space.

ZERO KINEMATIC VISCOSITY-MAGNETIC DIFFUSION LIMIT OF THE INCOMPRESSIBLE VISCOUS MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC EQUATIONS WITH NAVIER BOUNDARY CONDITIONS

We investigate the uniform regularity and zero kinematic viscosity-magnetic diffusion limit for the incompressible viscous magnetohydrodynamic equations with the Navier boundary conditions on the velocity and perfectly conducting conditions on the magnetic field in a smooth bounded domain Ω⊂R^(3).It is shown that there exists a unique strong solution to the incompressible viscous magnetohydrodynamic equations in a finite time interval which is independent of the viscosity coefficient and the magnetic diffusivity coefficient.The solution is uniformly bounded in a conormal Sobolev space and W^(1,∞)(Ω)which allows us to take the zero kinematic viscosity-magnetic diffusion limit.Moreover,we also get the rates of convergence in L^(∞)(0,T;L^(2)),L^(∞)(0,T;W^(1,p))(2≤p<∞),and L^(∞)((0,T)×Ω)for some T>0.

基因组倒位变异参与塑造了水稻遗传和表型的多样性

Genomic structural variations affected widely gene function and morphological traits in plants.Chromosomal inversions(INVs),as an important form of structural variation,can be large and extend to megabases in length[1],and form the genetic basis of local adaptation and ecotypic differentiation in sunflowers[2],Boechera stricta[3],monkeyflowers[4],mimetic butterflies[5]and ruffs[6],sex determination in nine-spined stickleback[7]and cancer and neurodevelopmental disease in human[8].At present,structural variants,and in particular,INVs,remain largely uncharacterized in plants despite their importance for local adaptation in a variety of species[1],with only a few studies exploring INVs polymorphisms at the population level.Hence,it remains unclear whether adaptive INVs can directly shape the genetic basis for diverse phenotypes in plants,especially in domesticated crops.

The MRE11–ATM–SOG1 DNA damage signaling pathway confers rice immunity to Xanthomonas oryzae

Plants are constantly exposed to microbial pathogens in the environment.One branch of innate plant immunity is mediated by cell-membrane-localized receptors,but less is known about associations between DNA damage and plant immune responses.Here,we show that rice(Oryza sativa)mesophyll cells are prone to DNA double-stranded breaks(DSBs)in response to ZJ173,a strain of Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae(Xoo).The DSB signal transducer ataxia telangiectasia mutated(ATM),but not the ATM and Rad3-related branch,confers resistance against Xoo.Mechanistically,the MRE11–ATM module phosphorylates suppressor of gamma response 1(SOG1),which activates several phenylpropanoid pathway genes and prompts downstream phytoalexin biosynthesis during Xoo infection.Intriguingly,overexpression of the topoisomerase gene TOP6A3 causes a switch from the classic non-homologous end joining(NHEJ)pathway to the alternative NHEJ and homologous recombination pathways atXoo-induced DSBs.The enhanced ATM signaling of the alternative NHEJ pathway strengthens the SOG1-regulated phenylpropanoid pathway and thereby boosts Xoo-induced phytoalexin biosynthesis in TOP6A3-OE1 overexpression lines.Overall,the MRE11–ATM–SOG1 pathway serves as a prime example of plant–pathogen interactions that occur via host non-specific recognition.The function of TOP6-facilitated ATM signaling in the defense response makes it a promising target for breeding of rice germplasm that exhibits resistance to bacterial blight disease without a growth penalty.

Effect of Al on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of ATI 718Plus by Laser Additive Manufacturing

To clarify the mechanism of the role of Al element in the additive manufacturing of Ni-based superalloys,ATI 718Plus alloys with varying Al contents(1,3,and 5 wt%)were fabricated using the laser additive manufacturing and the effects of Al content on the microstructure and mechanical properties were systematically analyzed.The experimental and CALPHAD simulation results show that with the increase in Al addition,the freezing range of the alloys was lowered,but this has a paradoxical effect on the susceptibility of the alloy to hot-tearing and solid-state cracking.The addition of Al increased theγ′and Laves phase volume fractions and suppressed the precipitation of theηphase.Simultaneously improvingγ/γ′lattice misfits effectively promoted the transformation ofγ′phase from spherical to cubic.The precipitation of NiAl phase in the 5 wt%Al-added alloy was determined,the formation mechanism of NiAl phase was analyzed,and the solidification sequence of the precipitated phase in the alloy was summarized.In addition,with the increase in Al addition,the microhardness of the alloy increased gradually,the tensile strength increased at first and then decreased,but the plasticity deteriorated seriously.The insights gained from this study offer valuable theoretical guidance for the strategic compositional design of additively manufactured Ni-based superalloys destined for deployment under extreme conditions.

A centromere map based on super pan-genome highlights the structure and function of rice centromeres

Rice(Oryza sativa)is a significant crop worldwide with a genome shaped by various evolutionary factors.Rice centromeres are crucial for chromosome segregation,and contain some unreported genes.Due to the diverse and complex centromere region,a comprehensive understanding of rice centromere structure and function at the population level is needed.We constructed a high-quality centromere map based on the rice super pangenome consisting of a 251-accession panel comprising both cultivated and wild species of Asian and African rice.We showed that rice centromeres have diverse satellite repeat CentO,which vary across chromosomes and subpopulations,reflecting their distinct evolutionary patterns.We also revealed that long terminal repeats(LTRs),especially young Gypsy-type LTRs,are abundant in the peripheral CentO-enriched regions and drive rice centromere expansion and evolution.Furthermore,high-quality genome assembly and complete telomere-to-telomere(T2T)reference genome enable us to obtain more centromeric genome information despite mapping and cloning of centromere genes being challenging.We investigated the association between structural variations and gene expression in the rice centromere.A centromere gene,OsMAB,which positively regulates rice tiller number,was further confirmed by expression quantitative trait loci,haplotype analysis and clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein9 methods.By revealing the new insights into the evolutionary patterns and biological roles of rice centromeres,our finding will facilitate future research on centromere biology and crop improvement.

Molecular dynamics study of water molecules nucleation for fine particle removal:Effects of wettability and aggregation modes and comparison with experiment Author links open overlay panel

Water vapor nucleation on particle's surface plays an important role in dust removal,cloud formation,and particle measurement.However,the selectivity of nucleation sites and the nucleation characteristic of water molecule on the particle's surface are still unclear,especially for the aggregated particles.In this paper,the effects of particle wettability and aggregation modes on the selectivity of nucleation sites and the nucleation characteristics were investigated using molecular dynamics simulation.The results were compared with our earlier experimental findings.It illustrates how the contact angle of clusters,the growth velocity,and the growth duration are all influenced by the interaction coefficient between water and particles.Moreover,the nucleation sites of water molecules on the particle aggregation surface exhibit a definite selectivity.The primary indicator of this selectivity is the preferential nucleation of water molecules at the interfaces of linear chain aggregation particles,at the inner side of non-linear chain aggregation particles,and at the centers of ring aggregation.These results are in good agreement with our previous experimental findings.More significantly,additional research has revealed that subcritical-size clusters typically aggregate on two-particle surfaces spacing when the spacing smaller than the critical cluster size.

Chelation strategy induced blue-shift for efficient deep-blue perovskite light-emitting diodes

Metal halide perovskite, regarded as a potential material for next-generation display and lighting applications, has attracted great attention [1,2]. The development of blue perovskite light-emitting diodes (Pe LEDs) remains stagnant compared with their green and red counterparts in recent years [3–8].

Convergence Towards the Population Cross-Diffusion System from Stochastic Many-Particle System

In this paper,we derive rigorously a non-local cross-diffusion system from an interacting stochastic many-particle system in the whole space.The convergence is proved in the sense of probability by introducing an intermediate particle system with a mollified interaction potential,where the mollification is of algebraic scaling.The main idea of the proof is to study the time evolution of a stopped process and obtain a Gronwall type estimate by using Taylor's expansion around the limiting stochastic process.

低强度脉冲式超声波在脂多糖诱导的RAW264.7巨噬细胞分化中的抗炎和抗氧化作用

目的研究低强度脉冲式超声波(LIPUS)对RAW264.7巨噬细胞极化的影响及相关分子机制。方法100 ng/mL脂多糖(LPS)和10 ng/mL白细胞介素(IL)-4诱导巨噬细胞RAW264.7分别向M1和M2型极化,45 mW/cm2强度LIPUS对巨噬细胞处理25 min。采用流式细胞术检测巨噬细胞氧化应激活性氧(ROS)水平、M1分化标志物CD80和CD11b,以及M2分化标志物CD163的表达水平。采用反转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)技术检测CD80、CD11b、核转录因子κB(NF-κB)p65、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素(IL)-1β和IL-6的mRNA水平。采用Western blot技术检测细胞p65、p-p65、TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-6表达水平。采用流式细胞术检测细胞培养上清TNF和IL-6表达水平。结果LIPUS可明显减少LPS诱导的RAW264.7细胞ROS水平。LPS诱导后,RAW264.7细胞M1分化标志物CD80和CD11b表达和转录水平均上调;LIPUS可抑制LPS对RAW264.7细胞向M1的诱导,差异具有统计学意义。并且,LIPUS可促进IL-4诱导的巨噬细胞M2分化标志物CD163表达。LPS诱导的RAW264.7细胞炎症因子NF-κB p65、TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-6 mRNA水平上调,LIPUS可下调这些炎症因子的mRNA水平,差异均具有统计学意义。LIPUS抑制了LPS对RAW264.7细胞因子蛋白p65和p-p65、IL-1β、TNF-α和IL-6蛋白表达上调的作用。胰酶可以通过激活ROS-NF-κB通路,回复LIPUS促进巨噬细胞M1分化的作用。结论LIPUS可通过ROS-NF-κB抑制RAW264.7向巨噬细胞M1型分化,促进RAW264.7向巨噬细胞M2型分化。氧化应激和炎症因子表达水平被抑制。LIPUS可能在牙周疾病中起到抑制氧化和炎症的作用,从而发挥对牙周疾病的治疗功能。

A complete assembly of the rice Nipponbare reference genome

Dear Editor,In 2005,the current commonly used rice reference genome(Oryza sativa ssp.japonica cv.Nipponbare)was initially released by the International Rice Genome Sequencing Project(International Rice Genome Sequencing Project,2005).Thereafter,the reference genome was further updated in 2013 with improved genome assembly(IRGSP-1.0)and gene annotations(MSU7,RAP-DB)(Kawahara et al.,2013;Sakai et al.,2013).In the past 10 years,this reference has been serving as one of the most important genetic resources for subsequent rice functional genomics efforts.As several rice genomes had been assembled into gapless chromosomes with only 2–5 telomeres absent(Li et al.,2021;Song et al.,2021;Zhang et al.,2022),the IRGSP1.0 and its annotations still performed as the most widely used reference.However,limitations of sequencing technology and intricate genomic organization led to an under-representation of complex regions in this reference,leaving a total of 72 major gaps(including 19 telomeres),167 minor gaps,and 779 unknown bases(Kawahara et al.,2013),with an estimated length of3%of the genome unsolved.

Knowledge Graph for Identifying Geological Disasters by Integrating Computer Vision with Ontology

The occurrence of geological disasters can have a large impact on urban safety. Protecting people’s safety is the most important concern when disasters occur. Safety improvement requires a large amount of comprehensive and representative risk analysis and a large collection of information related to geological hazards, including unstructured knowledge and experience. To address the relevant information and support safety risk analysis, a geological hazard knowledge graph is developed automatically based on computer vision and domain-geoscience ontology to identify geological hazards from input images while obeying safety rules and regulations, even when affected by changes. In the implementation of the knowledge graph, we design an ontology schema of geological disasters based on a top-down approach, and by organizing knowledge as a logical semantic expression, it can be shared using ontology technologies and therefore enable semantic interoperability. Computer vision approaches are then used to automatically detect a set of entities and attributes, using the data from input images, and object types and their attributes are identified so that they can be stored in Neo4j for reasoning and searching. Finally, a reasoning model for geological hazard identification was developed using the Neo4j database to create nodes, relationships, and their properties for modeling, and geological hazards in the images can be automatically identified by searching the Neo4j database. An application on geological hazard is presented. The results show the effectiveness of the proposed approach in terms of identifying possible potential hazards in geological hazards and assisting in formulating targeted preventive measures.

Algebraic form and analysis of SIR epidemic dynamics over probabilistic dynamic networks

The outbreak of corona virus disease 2019 has profoundly affected people’s way of life.It is increasingly necessary to investigate epidemics over social networks.This paper studies susceptible-infected-removed(SIR)epidemics via the semi-tensor product.First,a formal susceptible-infected-removed epidemic dynamic model over probabilistic dynamic networks(SIRED-PDN)is given.Based on an evolutionary rule,the algebraic form for the dynamics of individual states and network topologies is given,respectively.Second,the SIRED-PDN can be described by a probabilistic mix-valued logical network.After providing an algorithm,all possible final spreading equilibria can be obtained for any given initial epidemic state and network topology by seeking attractors of the network.And the shortest time for all possible initial epidemic state and network topology profiles to evolve to the final spreading equilibria can be obtained by seeking the transient time of the network.Finally,an illustrative example is given to show the effectiveness of our model.