子宫平滑肌肉瘤的分子遗传学特征与研究进展

子宫平滑肌肉瘤(uterine leiomyosarcoma,uLMS)是一种发生在女性生殖系统子宫肌层的恶性软组织肿瘤,漏诊误诊率高、侵袭性强、预后差。uLMS的发生机制尚未明确,疾病生物学研究相对滞后,实验模型和治疗手段也较为有限。本文重点关注了uLMS的病理分子生物学,系统梳理了uLMS的分子遗传学特征、表观遗传学变异、实验模型以及临床研究进展,同时还探讨了uLMS在肿瘤演进、肿瘤微环境、肿瘤治疗等生物学研究领域的发展方向和潜在需求,以期更好地理解uLMS的病理生物学机制并为开发潜在诊疗策略提供参考。

CrossFormer Embedding DeepLabv3+ for Remote Sensing Images Semantic Segmentation

High-resolution remote sensing image segmentation is a challenging task. In urban remote sensing, the presenceof occlusions and shadows often results in blurred or invisible object boundaries, thereby increasing the difficultyof segmentation. In this paper, an improved network with a cross-region self-attention mechanism for multi-scalefeatures based onDeepLabv3+is designed to address the difficulties of small object segmentation and blurred targetedge segmentation. First,we use CrossFormer as the backbone feature extraction network to achieve the interactionbetween large- and small-scale features, and establish self-attention associations between features at both large andsmall scales to capture global contextual feature information. Next, an improved atrous spatial pyramid poolingmodule is introduced to establish multi-scale feature maps with large- and small-scale feature associations, andattention vectors are added in the channel direction to enable adaptive adjustment of multi-scale channel features.The proposed networkmodel is validated using the PotsdamandVaihingen datasets. The experimental results showthat, compared with existing techniques, the network model designed in this paper can extract and fuse multiscaleinformation, more clearly extract edge information and small-scale information, and segment boundariesmore smoothly. Experimental results on public datasets demonstrate the superiority of ourmethod compared withseveral state-of-the-art networks.

浅谈压舱水处理技术的进展

压舱水的排放会引发外来生物入侵等问题、破坏当地海洋生态环境,已受到世界范围的关注。本文简述目前实验室研究压舱水处理技术中两种可行的模拟压舱水的制备方法,并简要回顾已有的压舱水处理方法。介绍了放电等离子体水处理技术,总结了气液两相混合脉冲放电等离子体水处理的影响因素,以及其用于压舱水处理的研究进展。

脉冲放电等离子体灭菌技术及其研究进展

脉冲放电等离子体灭菌技术是一种利用电压瞬间发生变化而对细菌产生不可逆损失,进而导致其死亡的一种非热灭菌技术。论文综述了脉冲放电等离子体的灭菌机理、特点以及其在国内外应用的研究进展,总结了现有脉冲放电等离子体灭菌技术研究热点,提出了脉冲放电等离子体灭菌技术的后续研究工作和展望。

Spectroscopic diagnosis of plasma in atmospheric pressure negative pulsed gas-liquid discharge with nozzle-cylinder electrode

The plasma characteristics of a gas-liquid phase discharge reactor were investigated by optical and electrical methods.The nozzle-cylinder electrode in the discharge reactor was supplied witha negative nanosecond pulsed generator.The optical emission spectrum diagnosis revealed that OH（A2∑＋ → X2Π,306–309 nm）,N32（CΠ→B3Πg,337 nm）,O（3p5p→3s-5s-0,777.2 nm）and O（3p3p→3s3s0,844.6 nm）were produced in the discharge plasma channels.The electron temperature（Te）was calculated from the emission relative intensity ratio between the atomic O 777.2 nm and 844.6 nm,and it increased with the applied voltage and the pulsed frequency and fell within the range of 0.5–0.8 e V.The gas temperature（Tg）that was measured by Lifbase was in a range from 400 K to 600 K.

Industrialization Emission (Trace Metal, Nitrogen and Phosphorus) Modified Coastal Climate

Objectives: As a result of global warming, precipitation is likely to increase at certain area (high latitudes). However, the mechanisms that human activity is influenced by global climate change are far from completely understood. We try to analyze the relationship between industrial emission (trace metal, nitrogen and phosphorus) and climate signature (precipitation) by Chinese industrialization progresses. Methods: Mainly by using the public data from Bulletin of Environment in China, Bulletin of Marine Environmental Status of China and some data of our experiments, we get the analyzed result. Results: Annual average temperature in China after industrialization is significantly increased, whereas annual average precipitation in China after industrialization is no significantly difference. Phytoplankton increases evaporation of seawater and the relative humidity. Phytoplankton biomass will be different in different stages of environmental pollution in coastal areas. The higher relative humidity of Guangzhou (near the second-third class pollution coast-Shenzhen coast with higher phytoplankton biomass) has higher precipitation;in contrast, lower relative humidity of Shanghai (near the inferior fouth class Zhejiang coast) has lower precipitation recent years. Conclusions: Industrial emissions may have two competing effects: one is to promote the growth of phytoplankton and then cause higher seawater evaporation rates and precipitation;another is to decrease water vapour pressure by serious pollution, which then reduces the seawater evaporation rate and precipitation. With temperature increasing, the precipitation is likely to increase only at low pollution area (high latitudes).

Innovative insights into extrachromosomal circular DNAs in gynecologic tumors and reproduction

Originating but free from chromosomal DNA,extrachromosomal circular DNAs(eccDNAs)are organized in circular form and have long been found in unicellular and multicellular eukaryotes.Their biogenesis and function are poorly understood as they are characterized by sequence homology with linear DNA,for which few detection methods are available.Recent advances in high-throughput sequencing technologies have revealed that eccDNAs play crucial roles in tumor formation,evolution,and drug resistance as well as aging,genomic diversity,and other biological processes,bringing it back to the research hotspot.Several mechanisms of eccDNA formation have been proposed,including the breakage-fusion-bridge(BFB)and translocation-deletion-amplification models.Gynecologic tumors and disorders of embryonic and fetal development are major threats to human reproductive health.The roles of eccDNAs in these pathological processes have been partially elucidated since the first discovery of eccDNA in pig sperm and the double minutes in ovarian cancer ascites.The present review summarized the research history,biogenesis,and currently available detection and analytical methods for eccDNAs and clarified their functions in gynecologic tumors and reproduction.We also proposed the application of eccDNAs as drug targets and liquid biopsy markers for prenatal diagnosis and the early detection,prognosis,and treatment of gynecologic tumors.This review lays theoretical foundations for future investigations into the complex regulatory networks of eccDNAs in vital physiological and pathological processes.

Cell–cell communication:new insights and clinical implications

Multicellular organisms are composed of diverse cell types that must coordinate their behaviors through communication.Cell–cell communication(CCC)is essential for growth,development,differentiation,tissue and organ formation,maintenance,and physiological regulation.Cells communicate through direct contact or at a distance using ligand–receptor interactions.So cellular communication encompasses two essential processes:cell signal conduction for generation and intercellular transmission of signals,and cell signal transduction for reception and procession of signals.Deciphering intercellular communication networks is critical for understanding cell differentiation,development,and metabolism.First,we comprehensively review the historical milestones in CCC studies,followed by a detailed description of the mechanisms of signal molecule transmission and the importance of the main signaling pathways they mediate in maintaining biological functions.Then we systematically introduce a series of human diseases caused by abnormalities in cell communication and their progress in clinical applications.Finally,we summarize various methods for monitoring cell interactions,including cell imaging,proximity-based chemical labeling,mechanical force analysis,downstream analysis strategies,and single-cell technologies.These methods aim to illustrate how biological functions depend on these interactions and the complexity of their regulatory signaling pathways to regulate crucial physiological processes,including tissue homeostasis,cell development,and immune responses in diseases.In addition,this review enhances our understanding of the biological processes that occur after cell–cell binding,highlighting its application in discovering new therapeutic targets and biomarkers related to precision medicine.This collective understanding provides a foundation for developing new targeted drugs and personalized treatments.

Targeting RIP3 inhibits osteoarthritis development by restoring anabolic-catabolic balance in the bone-cartilage unit

Background:Osteoarthritis(OA)is a debilitating joint disorder characterized by pro-gressive cartilage degeneration.During OA,subchondral bone undergoes micro-structural and molecular changes that precede cartilage degradation.However,spe-cific mechanisms underlying metabolic dysregulation of the bone-cartilage unit remain unclear.This study aims to investigate the role of receptor-interacting protein kinase-3(RIP3)in OA progression,focusing on bone-cartilage metabolic homeostasis.Methods:RIP3-mediated pathological and metabolic alterations in chondrocytes,os-teoblasts,and bone marrow-derived macrophages(BMMs)were evaluated.RIP3-mediated OA manifestations in cartilage and,more importantly,subchondral bone were determined by intra-articular overexpression of RIP3 in rats.The protective effect of RIP3 deficiency on the bone-cartilage unit during OA was systematically investigated using Rip3 knockout mice.The CMap database was used to screen for compounds that abrogate RIP3-induced OA pathological changes.Results:RIP3 was upregulated in the cartilage and subchondral bone of OA patients and post-traumatic OA mouse model.RIP3 overexpression not only inhibited extra-cellular matrix(ECM)anabolism in chondrocytes but also attenuated osteoblast differentiation,whereas RIP3 deficiency blunted receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand-mediated osteoclastogenesis of BMMs.Intra-articular RIP3 overexpression induced the imbalance of SP7+osteoblasts/tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase(TRAP)+osteoclasts within the subchondral bone in addition to cartilage degen-eration in rats,while Rip3 deletion significantly improved structural outcomes of the bone-cartilage unit,and achieved pain relief as well as functional improvement in surgery-induced and spontaneous OA mouse models.Mechanistically,RIP3 initiates OA by perturbing critical events,including cartilage metabolism,inflammatory re-sponses,senescence,and osteoclast differentiation.Clofibrate,a hypolipidemic drug,was identified as a novel RIP3 inhibitor that reverses ECM catabolism in OA.Conclusions:RIP3 is an essential governor of whole joint metabolic homeostasis by regulating both cartilage metabolism and subchondral bone remodeling.Reconstruction of the bone-cartilage unit by targeting RIP3 might provide a two-birds-one-stone approach for the development of future OA therapies.