Triosephosphate isomerase(TPI)is an enzyme that functions in plant energy production,accumulation,and conversion.To understand its function in maize,we characterized a maize TPI mutant,zmtpi4.In comparison to the wild...Triosephosphate isomerase(TPI)is an enzyme that functions in plant energy production,accumulation,and conversion.To understand its function in maize,we characterized a maize TPI mutant,zmtpi4.In comparison to the wild type,zmtpi4 mutants showed altered ear development,reduced kernel weight and starch content,modified starch granule morphology,and altered amylose and amylopectin content.Protein,ATP,and pyruvate contents were reduced,indicating ZmTPI4 was involved in glycolysis.Although subcellular localization confirmed ZmTPI4 as a cytosolic rather than a plastid isoform of TPI,the zmtpi4 mutant showed reduced leaf size and chlorophyll content.Overexpression of ZmTPI4 in Arabidopsis led to enlarged leaves and increased seed weight,suggesting a positive regulatory role of ZmTPI4 in kernel weight and starch content.We conclude that ZmTPI4 functions in maize kernel development,starch synthesis,glycolysis,and photosynthesis.展开更多
In this paper,cement and dechlorinated Polyaluminum Chloride Residue(PACR)have been used to prepare a net slurry and mortar specimens.Two hydration activity indicators have been used to quantitatively analyze the dech...In this paper,cement and dechlorinated Polyaluminum Chloride Residue(PACR)have been used to prepare a net slurry and mortar specimens.Two hydration activity indicators have been used to quantitatively analyze the dechlorinated PACR hydration activity.In particular,the effect of dechlorinated PACR content on the compressive strength of mortar has been assessed by means of compressive strength tests.Moreover,X-ray diffraction(XRD)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)have been employed to observe the microstructure of the considered hydration products.The following results have been obtained.The 28th day activity index of the dechlorinated PACR is 75%,and therefore it meets the criterion for the use of active admixture.The increase in the content of the dechlorinated PACR tends to reduce the compressive strength of mortar specimens,however,it is beneficial to its later strength growth.When the content is not greater than 10%,the strength remains unchanged,otherwise,it decreases.The PACR does not form a new crystalline phase in the cement slurry,and the dechlorinated PACR remains active until the age of the 28th day.The inclusion of the PACR mainly deteriorates the early strength of the cement slurry,but it promotes the production of hydration products in the cement slurry after the 7th day.展开更多
This work investigates a multi-product parallel disassembly line balancing problem considering multi-skilled workers.A mathematical model for the parallel disassembly line is established to achieve maximized disassemb...This work investigates a multi-product parallel disassembly line balancing problem considering multi-skilled workers.A mathematical model for the parallel disassembly line is established to achieve maximized disassembly profit and minimized workstation cycle time.Based on a product’s AND/OR graph,matrices for task-skill,worker-skill,precedence relationships,and disassembly correlations are developed.A multi-objective discrete chemical reaction optimization algorithm is designed.To enhance solution diversity,improvements are made to four reactions:decomposition,synthesis,intermolecular ineffective collision,and wall invalid collision reaction,completing the evolution of molecular individuals.The established model and improved algorithm are applied to ball pen,flashlight,washing machine,and radio combinations,respectively.Introducing a Collaborative Resource Allocation(CRA)strategy based on a Decomposition-Based Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm,the experimental results are compared with four classical algorithms:MOEA/D,MOEAD-CRA,Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm Ⅱ(NSGA-Ⅱ),and Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm Ⅲ(NSGA-Ⅲ).This validates the feasibility and superiority of the proposed algorithm in parallel disassembly production lines.展开更多
Purpose:This study aims to explore how network intermediaries influence collaborative innovation performance within inter-organizational technological collaboration networks.Design/methodology/approach:This study empl...Purpose:This study aims to explore how network intermediaries influence collaborative innovation performance within inter-organizational technological collaboration networks.Design/methodology/approach:This study employs a mixed-method approach,combining quantitative social network analysis with regression techniques to investigate the role of network intermediaries in collaborative innovation performance.Using a patent dataset of Chinese industrial enterprises,the research constructs the collaboration networks and analyzes their structural positions,particularly focusing on their role as intermediaries,characterized by betweenness centrality.Negative binomial regression analysis is employed to assess how these network characteristics shape innovation outcomes.Findings:The study reveals that firms in intermediary positions enhance collaborative innovation performance,but this effect is nuanced.A key finding is that network clustering negatively moderates the intermediary-innovation relationship.Highly clustered networks,while fostering local collaboration,may limit the innovation potential of intermediaries.On the other hand,relationship strength,measured by collaboration intensity and trust among firms,positively moderates the intermediary-innovation link.Research limitations:This study has several limitations that present opportunities for further research.The reliance on quantitative social network analysis may overlook the complexity of intermediaries’roles,and future studies could benefit from incorporating qualitative methods to better understand cultural and institutional factors.Additionally,cross-country comparisons are needed to assess the consistency of these dynamics in different contexts.Practical implications:The study offers practical insights for firms and policymakers.Organizations should strategically position themselves as network intermediaries to access diverse information and resources,thereby improving innovation performance.Building strong trust helps using network intermediary advantages.For firms in highly clustered networks,it is important to seek external partners to avoid limiting their exposure to new ideas and technologies.This research emphasizes the need to balance network diversity with relationship strength for sustained innovation.Originality/value:This research contributes to the literature by offering new insights into the role of network intermediaries,presenting a comprehensive framework for understanding the interaction between network dynamics and firm innovation.展开更多
Aims:Multiple genes and environmental factors are known to be involved in congenital heart disease(CHD),but epigenetic variation has received little attention.Monozygotic(MZ)twins with CHD provide a unique model for e...Aims:Multiple genes and environmental factors are known to be involved in congenital heart disease(CHD),but epigenetic variation has received little attention.Monozygotic(MZ)twins with CHD provide a unique model for exploring this phenomenon.In order to investigate the potential role of Deoxyribonucleic Acid(DNA)methyla-tion in CHD pathogenesis,the present study examined DNA methylation variation in MZ twins discordant for CHD,especially ventricular septal defect(VSD).Methods and Results:Using genome-wide DNA methylation profiles,we identified 4004 differentially methylated regions(DMRs)in 18 MZ twin pairs discordant for CHD,and 2826 genes were identified.Gene Ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)analysis revealed a list of CHD-associated pathways.To further investigate the role of DNA methylation in VSD,data from 7 pairs of MZ twins with VSD were analyzed.We identified 1614 DMRs corresponding to 1443 genes associated with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy,cyclic guanosine monopho-sphate-protein kinase G(cGMP-PKG)signaling pathway by KEGG analysis,and cell-cell adhesion,calcium ion transmembrane transport by GO analysis.A proportion of DMR-associated genes were involved in calcium signaling pathways.The methylation changes of calcium signaling genes might be related to VSD pathogenesis.Conclusion:CHD is associated with differential DNA methylation in MZ twins.CHD may be etiologically linked to DNA methylation,and methylation of calcium signaling genes may be involved in the development of VSD.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to further enrich the research on saline-alkali land improvement,and explore the effects of biological bacterial fertilizers containing Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus velezensis HM...[Objectives]This study was conducted to further enrich the research on saline-alkali land improvement,and explore the effects of biological bacterial fertilizers containing Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus velezensis HM-3 in saline-alkali land improvement and crop growth promotion.[Methods]Wheat was planted in saline-alkali land in Huanghua City,Hebei Province,and a mixed application experiment was carried out using biological agents from Hemiao Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.[Results]Compared with the field of control check(CK),water-soluble salts and pH value in the experimental fields decreased,and living bacteria count in the soil increased.Meanwhile,the economic characters of wheat in the experimental fields showed excellent performance,with yields increasing by 39.09%and 27.49%compared with the CK.It could be seen that the application of biological bacterial fertilizers achieved obvious effects of improving saline-alkali soil and increasing wheat yield.[Conclusions]In this study,the effects of biological bacterial fertilizers on saline-alkali land and wheat growth characters were clarified,providing some technical support and theoretical guidance for wheat planting in Huanghua saline-alkali land.展开更多
This paper presents a new analytical solution for assessing the longitudinal deformation of shield tunnel associated with overcrossing tunnelling in consideration of circumferential joints.A simplified longitudinal be...This paper presents a new analytical solution for assessing the longitudinal deformation of shield tunnel associated with overcrossing tunnelling in consideration of circumferential joints.A simplified longitudinal beam-spring model(SLBSM)is established to model the longitudinal behaviours of shield tunnel,which can consider the opening and dislocation between segmental rings simultaneously.Then,the existing tunnel is treated as the SLBSM resting on the elastic foundation.The state equations including tunnel displacements and internal forces are constructed to solve the discontinuous deformation of circumferential joint-segmental ring.The feasibility of the proposed solution is verified through three well-documented cases.The predictions from the proposed method are also compared with other analytical methods.It is found that the proposed method can well capture the deformation of tunnel segmental rings and joints,where the rigid displacement mainly occurs in the segmental rings while the rotation and dislocation occur in the circumferential joints.Some dominant parameters are also analysed to explore the effects on existing tunnel deformation,including the rotation stiffness and shearing stiffness of joints,the skew angle and the clearance between new and old tunnels.展开更多
Background:Limited data are available regarding intermediate and long-term outcomes of transcatheter closure(TCC)of coronary cameral fistulas(CCFs)in the pediatric patients.Methods:All pediatric patients diagnosed wit...Background:Limited data are available regarding intermediate and long-term outcomes of transcatheter closure(TCC)of coronary cameral fistulas(CCFs)in the pediatric patients.Methods:All pediatric patients diagnosed with CCFs who were scheduled to undergo TCC between 2005 and 2019 were retrospectively enrolled in the study.Results:A total of 66 patients(median age:3.93 years,median weight:15 kg)underwent attempted TCC of CCFs.Immediate successful device implantation was achieved in 62 patients,and immediate complete occlusion was achieved in 44 patients(44/62%,71.0%).The closure procedure was waived in 2 patients due to anatomical factors.A total of 6 periprocedural complications occurred in 5 patients,including acute myocardial infarction(n=3),procedure-related death(n=1),device embolization(n=1),and rupture of tricuspid chordae tendineae(n=1).The acute procedural success rate was 89.4%(59/66),while the acute complication rate was 9.1%(6/66).Follow-up data were collected for 58(93.5%)out of 62 patients at a median of 9.3 years(range:3.0–15.7 years).10 adverse events occurred in 9 patients,including 5 follow-up complications(1 aortic valve perforation,1 coronary thrombosis,1 progressive aneurysmal dilation after reintervention,and 2 cases of new-onset tricuspid valve prolapse with significant regurgitation),and 5 closure failure with large residual shunts.The intermediate and long-term adverse event rate was 17.2%(10/58).The anatomical features associated with both acute and follow-up adverse events were large CCFs(p=0.005),and giant coronary artery aneurysms(CAAs)(p=0.029).Conclusions:TCC of CCFs in infants and children appears to be effective and is associated with a relatively low complication rate.Large CCFs and giant CAAs represent a higher risk of both acute and intermediate and long-term adverse events after closure.展开更多
The development of microwave absorption materials(MAMs) is a considerable important topic because our living space is crowed with electromagnetic wave which threatens human’s health.And MAMs are also used in radar st...The development of microwave absorption materials(MAMs) is a considerable important topic because our living space is crowed with electromagnetic wave which threatens human’s health.And MAMs are also used in radar stealth for protecting the weapons from being detected.Many nanomaterials were studied as MAMs,but not all of them have the satisfactory performance.Recently,metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) have attracted tremendous attention owing to their tunable chemical structures,diverse properties,large specific surface area and uniform pore distribution.MOF can transform to porous carbon(PC) which is decorated with metal species at appropriate pyrolysis temperature.However,the loss mechanism of pure MOF-derived PC is often relatively simple.In order to further improve the MA performance,the MOFs coupled with other loss materials are a widely studied method.In this review,we summarize the theories of MA,the progress of different MOF-derived PC-based MAMs,tunable chemical structures incorporated with dielectric loss or magnetic loss materials.The different MA performance and mechanisms are discussed in detail.Finally,the shortcomings,challenges and perspectives of MOF-derived PC-based MAMs are also presented.We hope this review could provide a new insight to design and fabricate MOF-derived PC-based MAMs with better fundamental understanding and practical application.展开更多
In order to understand the crustal structure and tectonic background of the Changning–Gongxiang area, southeastern Sichuan Province, where a series of moderate-to-strong earthquakes occurred in recent years, we utili...In order to understand the crustal structure and tectonic background of the Changning–Gongxiang area, southeastern Sichuan Province, where a series of moderate-to-strong earthquakes occurred in recent years, we utilized the seismic phase data both from a local dense array and from the regional seismic networks;we used the tomoDD program to invert for the high-resolution three-dimensional velocity structure within the depth range of 0–10 km and for accurate hypocentral locations in this area. We analyzed the seismogenic structures for the events of Xingwen M5.7 in 2018 and Gongxian M5.3 and Changning M6.0 in 2019. The results show that:(1) widespread lateral inhomogeneity exists in the velocity structure of the study area, and the location of the velocity anomaly is largely consistent with known structures. In the range of distinguishable depth, the inhomogeneity decreases with increasing depth, and the velocity structure anomalies in some areas are continuous in depth;(2) earthquakes occurred in clusters, showing the characteristics of zonal folding trends in the NW-SE and NE-SW directions;the focal depth in the area is generally shallow in both the sedimentary cap and the crystalline basement. The seismogenic structures of small earthquake clusters are different in size and occurrence in different sections, and the clusters occurred mostly in regions with high P-or S-wave velocities;(3) synthesis of a variety of data suggests that the seismogenic structures of the Xingwen M5.7 and Changning M6.0 earthquakes are associated with slip faults that trend NW-SE in, respectively, the south wing and the axis of the Changning–Shuanghe anticline, while that of the Gongxian M5.3 earthquake is associated with thrust faults that trend N-S in the Jianwu syncline region. The dynamic sources of the three earthquakes are all from the SE pushing of the Qinghai–Tibet block on the Sichuan basin;(4) the risk of future strong earthquakes in this area must be reevaluated in light of the facts(a)that in recent years, moderate-to-strong earthquake swarms have occurred frequently in southeast Sichuan;(b) that the complex structural area exhibits the easy-to-trigger characteristic, and(c) that the small-scale faults in this area are characterized by the phenomenon of stress "lock and release".展开更多
Focal mechanism solutions and centroid depths of 312 M≥4 aftershocks from the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake sequence have been derived by CAP (Cut and Paste) method from broadband waveform data with relatively high sign...Focal mechanism solutions and centroid depths of 312 M≥4 aftershocks from the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake sequence have been derived by CAP (Cut and Paste) method from broadband waveform data with relatively high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Following this, we have analyzed the distribution of focal depths and the stress tensors, as well as the types of focal mechanisms. The major results are: (1) different cross-sections show that the depth ranges of the aftershocks at the southern and northern ends of the aftershock area along the Longmenshan fault zone are wider than those on the central segment, where rare M≥4 aftershocks occurred at depths shallower than 10 kin. The main faults trend to the NW on the southern and central segments, and for the northern segment, no dominant trend direction has been determined; (2) stress tensor distribution demonstrates that the majority of the aftershock areas on the cross-section along the major axis are mainly under compressive stress perpendicular to the profile; however, for the areas near Lixian, Beichuan, Qingchuan and the shallow parts of its northern segment, large principal stress components are parallel to the major axis profile direction. On the cross-sections perpendicular to the major axis, the three areas above can be divided into two parts: one with dominantly compressional stress near the major faults of the Longmenshan fault zone on the SE side, and the other with NE-direction push along the fault zone on the NW side; (3) the stress tensor distribution in map view is very similar to those on the vertical cross-sections. In map view, the orientation of the principal compressional stress axis $1 on the central segment of the aftershock area presents an SE-trending arc shape; (4) the stress tensor slices at different depths show that the orientation of S1 axis mainly changes on the central segment and at the northern end, indicating that the two segments have different seismogenic structures at different depths; (5) with the exception of the northern end of the aftershock region, the orientation of the $1 axis changes little during the early and late stages, illustrating the seismogenic structures are relatively stable; (6) preliminary analyses for the seismogenic structures at the northern end indicated that deeper strike-slip quakes occurred on the ENE-striking branch at first, and then the NNE-striking branch faults at the northern end were activated and generated a series of relatively shallow strike-slip earthquakes due to subsequent stress-triggering; (7) the aftershock triggering mechanism that occurred near Lixian is different between the shallow and deep depths, and between the early and late stages, indicating that the main faults and the branch faults responsible for aftershocks are at different depths. Consequently, the relaxation effect of the main shock particularIy impacts the branch faults.展开更多
The seismicity of Longrnenshan fault zone and its vicinities before the 12 May 2008 Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake is studied. Based on the digital seismic waveform data observed from regional seismic networks and mobile s...The seismicity of Longrnenshan fault zone and its vicinities before the 12 May 2008 Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake is studied. Based on the digital seismic waveform data observed from regional seismic networks and mobile stations, the focal mechanism solutions are determined. Our analysis results show that the seismicities of Longmenshan fault zone before the 12 May 2008 Wenchuan earthquake were in stable state. No obvious phenomena of seismic activity intensifying appeared. According to focal mechanism solutions of some small earthquakes before the 12 May 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, the direction of principal compressive stress P-axis is WNW-ESE. The two hypocenter fault planes are NE-striking and NW-striking. The plane of NE direction is among N50°-70°E, the dip angles of fault planes are 60°-70° and it is very steep. The faultings of most earthquakes are dominantly characterized by dip-slip reverse and small part of faultings present strike-slip. The azimuths of principal compressive stress, the strikes of source fault planes and the dislocation types calculated from some small earthquakes before the 12 May 2008 Wenchuan earthquake are in accordance with that of the main shock. The average stress field of micro-rupture along the Longmenshan fault zone before the great earthquake is also consistent with that calculated from main shock. Zipingpu dam is located in the east side 20 km from the initial rupture area of the 12 May 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. The activity increment of small earthquakes in the Zipingpu dam is in the period of water discharging. The source parameter results of the small earthquakes which occurred near the initial rupture area of the 12 May 2008 Wenchuan earthquake indicate that the focal depths are 5 to 14 km and the source parameters are identical with that of earthquake.展开更多
This paper proposes a trust ant colony routing algorithm by introducing a node trust evaluation model based on the D-S evidence theory into the ant colony routing protocol to improve the security of wireless sensor ne...This paper proposes a trust ant colony routing algorithm by introducing a node trust evaluation model based on the D-S evidence theory into the ant colony routing protocol to improve the security of wireless sensor networks. To reduce the influence of conflict evidences caused by malicious nods, the consistent intensity is introduced to preprocess conflict evidences before using the D-S combination rule to improve the reliability of the D-S based trust evaluation. The nodes with high trust values will be selected as the routing nodes to insure the routing security, and the trust values are used as heuristic functions of the ant colony routing algorithm. The simulation tests are conducted by using the network simulator NS2 to observe the outcomes of performance metrics of packets loss rate and average end-to-end delay etc. to indirectly evaluate the security issue under the attack of inside malicious nodes. The simulation results show that the proposed trust routing algorithm can efficiently resist malicious attacks in terms of keeping performances of the average end-to-end delay, the throughtput and the routing packet overhead under attacking from malicious nodes.展开更多
This paper is aimed to analyze the current situation and problems about land use of various karst environments via field survey,documentation and comparison methods,and to make reasonable recommendations about land us...This paper is aimed to analyze the current situation and problems about land use of various karst environments via field survey,documentation and comparison methods,and to make reasonable recommendations about land use and management for different karst types in a bid to provide theoretical and practical basis for optimization of karst land use and the comprehensive control of karst rock desertification.The results show that,①as the bare karst areas are lack of water and soil and highly vulnerable to droughts and floods,land utilization in such areas should follow the principles of soil and water conservation and ecological restoration,emphasize both the ecological benefit and the economic benefits and reasonably configure the land resources to achieve virtuous circle;②in covered karst areas,the most important task is to take measures to prevent the appearance of secondary karst rock desertification,water exhaustion and karst collapse;③the buried karst areas shall mainly focus on prevention of overlaying sand shale collapse,and possible pollution of deep karst water and the surface land resulted from exploration and exploitation of oil and gas and geothermal water.④The final conclusion is that features and problems of land utilization of the three karst types are different from each other,and that the general principle for land use in karst regions shall be based on the local conditions.展开更多
Lithium-ion batteries(LIBs) have been developed for over 30 years;however, existing electrode materials cannot satisfy the increasing requirements of high-energy density, stable cycling, and low cost. Here, we present...Lithium-ion batteries(LIBs) have been developed for over 30 years;however, existing electrode materials cannot satisfy the increasing requirements of high-energy density, stable cycling, and low cost. Here, we present a perovskite-type LaNiO3 oxide(LNO) as a new negative electrode material. LNO was successfully synthesized by a sol-gel method. The microstructure and electrochemical performance of LNO calcined at various temperatures have been systematically investigated. The LNO electrode shows a high rate capability and long cycling stability. In a C-rate test, a specific capacity of 77 mAh/g was exhibited at 6 C. LNO can also deliver a specific capacity of 92 mAh/g after 200 cycles at 1 C. This paper presents a type of binary metal oxide as a new anode material for high-performance LIBs.展开更多
Super-high pressure(SHP)technique plays an increasing role in the fields of materials science and engineering.Herein,the Mg_(97)Zn_(1)Y_(2) alloy was heat-treated under SHP(6 GPa)by cubic-anvil large-volume press with...Super-high pressure(SHP)technique plays an increasing role in the fields of materials science and engineering.Herein,the Mg_(97)Zn_(1)Y_(2) alloy was heat-treated under SHP(6 GPa)by cubic-anvil large-volume press with six rams for 2 h in the temperature range of 500–1200℃.The microstructure and mechanical properties were investigated.The results indicated that the as-cast sample consists of α-Mg equiaxed dendrites and continuous lamellar long period stacking ordered(LPSO)phase in grain boundaries.After the SHP treatment,the LPSO phase is gradually replaced by eutectic phase(Mg,Zn)_(3)Y with increasing temperature.The microhardness and strength of sample prepared at 1100℃ under SHP treatment are significantly improved compared with the as-cast one at room temperature.The improved mechanical behaviors are mainly attributed to LPSO phase kink-banding strengthening at low temperature and the precipitation strengthening of a large amount of fine(Mg,Zn)_(3)Y particles at high temperature after SHP treatment.It reveals the SHP is an effective approach to prepare high performance Mg alloys.展开更多
Wireless power transfer(WPT)technology is a popular choice for biomedical implant devices.The demands of higher efficiency and smaller implantation size are hard to compromise in previous studies.In the present work,a...Wireless power transfer(WPT)technology is a popular choice for biomedical implant devices.The demands of higher efficiency and smaller implantation size are hard to compromise in previous studies.In the present work,an implantable magnetic coupling resonant WPT system in-tegrated with a metasurface element working at 430 MHz is presented.Similar planar copper coil components for the transmitting and receiving structures are used to construct the primary system,and then the metasurface element is integrated to constitute the whole WPT system.The effects of the distances between the transmitting coil and skin surface,between the skin surface,and receiv-ing coil are discussed.The results show that the efficiency will be enhanced by 38-50 dB integrat-ing with the metasurface.展开更多
基金supported by the Major Public Welfare Projects of Henan Province(201300111100 to Yuling Li)Zhongyuan Scholars in Henan Province(22400510003 to Yuling Li)+2 种基金Tackle Program of Agricultural Seed in Henan Province(2022010201 to Yuling Li)Technical System of Maize Industry in Henan Province(HARS-2202-S to Yuling Li)State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science(SKL2023ZZ05)。
文摘Triosephosphate isomerase(TPI)is an enzyme that functions in plant energy production,accumulation,and conversion.To understand its function in maize,we characterized a maize TPI mutant,zmtpi4.In comparison to the wild type,zmtpi4 mutants showed altered ear development,reduced kernel weight and starch content,modified starch granule morphology,and altered amylose and amylopectin content.Protein,ATP,and pyruvate contents were reduced,indicating ZmTPI4 was involved in glycolysis.Although subcellular localization confirmed ZmTPI4 as a cytosolic rather than a plastid isoform of TPI,the zmtpi4 mutant showed reduced leaf size and chlorophyll content.Overexpression of ZmTPI4 in Arabidopsis led to enlarged leaves and increased seed weight,suggesting a positive regulatory role of ZmTPI4 in kernel weight and starch content.We conclude that ZmTPI4 functions in maize kernel development,starch synthesis,glycolysis,and photosynthesis.
基金Henan Science and Technology Key Project,Research on Key Technology and Performance of Polyaluminum Chloride Residue(PACR)Concrete Preparation(202102310253)National Natural Science Foundation Project“Carbonization Strengthening of Recycled Coarse Aggregate and Its Influence on Mechanical Properties of Recycled Concrete Materials and Structures”(U1904188).
文摘In this paper,cement and dechlorinated Polyaluminum Chloride Residue(PACR)have been used to prepare a net slurry and mortar specimens.Two hydration activity indicators have been used to quantitatively analyze the dechlorinated PACR hydration activity.In particular,the effect of dechlorinated PACR content on the compressive strength of mortar has been assessed by means of compressive strength tests.Moreover,X-ray diffraction(XRD)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)have been employed to observe the microstructure of the considered hydration products.The following results have been obtained.The 28th day activity index of the dechlorinated PACR is 75%,and therefore it meets the criterion for the use of active admixture.The increase in the content of the dechlorinated PACR tends to reduce the compressive strength of mortar specimens,however,it is beneficial to its later strength growth.When the content is not greater than 10%,the strength remains unchanged,otherwise,it decreases.The PACR does not form a new crystalline phase in the cement slurry,and the dechlorinated PACR remains active until the age of the 28th day.The inclusion of the PACR mainly deteriorates the early strength of the cement slurry,but it promotes the production of hydration products in the cement slurry after the 7th day.
文摘This work investigates a multi-product parallel disassembly line balancing problem considering multi-skilled workers.A mathematical model for the parallel disassembly line is established to achieve maximized disassembly profit and minimized workstation cycle time.Based on a product’s AND/OR graph,matrices for task-skill,worker-skill,precedence relationships,and disassembly correlations are developed.A multi-objective discrete chemical reaction optimization algorithm is designed.To enhance solution diversity,improvements are made to four reactions:decomposition,synthesis,intermolecular ineffective collision,and wall invalid collision reaction,completing the evolution of molecular individuals.The established model and improved algorithm are applied to ball pen,flashlight,washing machine,and radio combinations,respectively.Introducing a Collaborative Resource Allocation(CRA)strategy based on a Decomposition-Based Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm,the experimental results are compared with four classical algorithms:MOEA/D,MOEAD-CRA,Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm Ⅱ(NSGA-Ⅱ),and Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm Ⅲ(NSGA-Ⅲ).This validates the feasibility and superiority of the proposed algorithm in parallel disassembly production lines.
基金supported by the National Social Science Fund of China(No.22FGLB035)Fujian Provincial Federation of Social Sciences(No.FJ2023B109).
文摘Purpose:This study aims to explore how network intermediaries influence collaborative innovation performance within inter-organizational technological collaboration networks.Design/methodology/approach:This study employs a mixed-method approach,combining quantitative social network analysis with regression techniques to investigate the role of network intermediaries in collaborative innovation performance.Using a patent dataset of Chinese industrial enterprises,the research constructs the collaboration networks and analyzes their structural positions,particularly focusing on their role as intermediaries,characterized by betweenness centrality.Negative binomial regression analysis is employed to assess how these network characteristics shape innovation outcomes.Findings:The study reveals that firms in intermediary positions enhance collaborative innovation performance,but this effect is nuanced.A key finding is that network clustering negatively moderates the intermediary-innovation relationship.Highly clustered networks,while fostering local collaboration,may limit the innovation potential of intermediaries.On the other hand,relationship strength,measured by collaboration intensity and trust among firms,positively moderates the intermediary-innovation link.Research limitations:This study has several limitations that present opportunities for further research.The reliance on quantitative social network analysis may overlook the complexity of intermediaries’roles,and future studies could benefit from incorporating qualitative methods to better understand cultural and institutional factors.Additionally,cross-country comparisons are needed to assess the consistency of these dynamics in different contexts.Practical implications:The study offers practical insights for firms and policymakers.Organizations should strategically position themselves as network intermediaries to access diverse information and resources,thereby improving innovation performance.Building strong trust helps using network intermediary advantages.For firms in highly clustered networks,it is important to seek external partners to avoid limiting their exposure to new ideas and technologies.This research emphasizes the need to balance network diversity with relationship strength for sustained innovation.Originality/value:This research contributes to the literature by offering new insights into the role of network intermediaries,presenting a comprehensive framework for understanding the interaction between network dynamics and firm innovation.
基金China’s National Natural Science Foundation provided funding for this study(81900222)Guangzhou Science and Technology Program(SL2022A04J01269,202201020646)Guangzhou Health Science and Technology Program(20211A010026).
文摘Aims:Multiple genes and environmental factors are known to be involved in congenital heart disease(CHD),but epigenetic variation has received little attention.Monozygotic(MZ)twins with CHD provide a unique model for exploring this phenomenon.In order to investigate the potential role of Deoxyribonucleic Acid(DNA)methyla-tion in CHD pathogenesis,the present study examined DNA methylation variation in MZ twins discordant for CHD,especially ventricular septal defect(VSD).Methods and Results:Using genome-wide DNA methylation profiles,we identified 4004 differentially methylated regions(DMRs)in 18 MZ twin pairs discordant for CHD,and 2826 genes were identified.Gene Ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)analysis revealed a list of CHD-associated pathways.To further investigate the role of DNA methylation in VSD,data from 7 pairs of MZ twins with VSD were analyzed.We identified 1614 DMRs corresponding to 1443 genes associated with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy,cyclic guanosine monopho-sphate-protein kinase G(cGMP-PKG)signaling pathway by KEGG analysis,and cell-cell adhesion,calcium ion transmembrane transport by GO analysis.A proportion of DMR-associated genes were involved in calcium signaling pathways.The methylation changes of calcium signaling genes might be related to VSD pathogenesis.Conclusion:CHD is associated with differential DNA methylation in MZ twins.CHD may be etiologically linked to DNA methylation,and methylation of calcium signaling genes may be involved in the development of VSD.
基金Supported by Key Research and Development Program of Hebei Province(20322911D,21322903D)Innovation Ability Promotion Program of Hebei Province(20562903D)+1 种基金Technical Innovation Guidance Program of Hebei Province(20822904D)Science and Technology Research and Development Program of Qinhuangdao City(202201B028).
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to further enrich the research on saline-alkali land improvement,and explore the effects of biological bacterial fertilizers containing Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus velezensis HM-3 in saline-alkali land improvement and crop growth promotion.[Methods]Wheat was planted in saline-alkali land in Huanghua City,Hebei Province,and a mixed application experiment was carried out using biological agents from Hemiao Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.[Results]Compared with the field of control check(CK),water-soluble salts and pH value in the experimental fields decreased,and living bacteria count in the soil increased.Meanwhile,the economic characters of wheat in the experimental fields showed excellent performance,with yields increasing by 39.09%and 27.49%compared with the CK.It could be seen that the application of biological bacterial fertilizers achieved obvious effects of improving saline-alkali soil and increasing wheat yield.[Conclusions]In this study,the effects of biological bacterial fertilizers on saline-alkali land and wheat growth characters were clarified,providing some technical support and theoretical guidance for wheat planting in Huanghua saline-alkali land.
文摘This paper presents a new analytical solution for assessing the longitudinal deformation of shield tunnel associated with overcrossing tunnelling in consideration of circumferential joints.A simplified longitudinal beam-spring model(SLBSM)is established to model the longitudinal behaviours of shield tunnel,which can consider the opening and dislocation between segmental rings simultaneously.Then,the existing tunnel is treated as the SLBSM resting on the elastic foundation.The state equations including tunnel displacements and internal forces are constructed to solve the discontinuous deformation of circumferential joint-segmental ring.The feasibility of the proposed solution is verified through three well-documented cases.The predictions from the proposed method are also compared with other analytical methods.It is found that the proposed method can well capture the deformation of tunnel segmental rings and joints,where the rigid displacement mainly occurs in the segmental rings while the rotation and dislocation occur in the circumferential joints.Some dominant parameters are also analysed to explore the effects on existing tunnel deformation,including the rotation stiffness and shearing stiffness of joints,the skew angle and the clearance between new and old tunnels.
基金Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease[Grant No.2020B1111170011]Guangzhou Science and Technology Project[Grant No.2023A04J0485]National Key R&D Program of China[Grant No.2016YFC1100305].
文摘Background:Limited data are available regarding intermediate and long-term outcomes of transcatheter closure(TCC)of coronary cameral fistulas(CCFs)in the pediatric patients.Methods:All pediatric patients diagnosed with CCFs who were scheduled to undergo TCC between 2005 and 2019 were retrospectively enrolled in the study.Results:A total of 66 patients(median age:3.93 years,median weight:15 kg)underwent attempted TCC of CCFs.Immediate successful device implantation was achieved in 62 patients,and immediate complete occlusion was achieved in 44 patients(44/62%,71.0%).The closure procedure was waived in 2 patients due to anatomical factors.A total of 6 periprocedural complications occurred in 5 patients,including acute myocardial infarction(n=3),procedure-related death(n=1),device embolization(n=1),and rupture of tricuspid chordae tendineae(n=1).The acute procedural success rate was 89.4%(59/66),while the acute complication rate was 9.1%(6/66).Follow-up data were collected for 58(93.5%)out of 62 patients at a median of 9.3 years(range:3.0–15.7 years).10 adverse events occurred in 9 patients,including 5 follow-up complications(1 aortic valve perforation,1 coronary thrombosis,1 progressive aneurysmal dilation after reintervention,and 2 cases of new-onset tricuspid valve prolapse with significant regurgitation),and 5 closure failure with large residual shunts.The intermediate and long-term adverse event rate was 17.2%(10/58).The anatomical features associated with both acute and follow-up adverse events were large CCFs(p=0.005),and giant coronary artery aneurysms(CAAs)(p=0.029).Conclusions:TCC of CCFs in infants and children appears to be effective and is associated with a relatively low complication rate.Large CCFs and giant CAAs represent a higher risk of both acute and intermediate and long-term adverse events after closure.
基金financial support from Ministry of Science and Technology of China(MoST,2016YFA0200200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,21875114,51373078,and 51422304)NSF of Tianjin City(15JCYBJC17700)。
文摘The development of microwave absorption materials(MAMs) is a considerable important topic because our living space is crowed with electromagnetic wave which threatens human’s health.And MAMs are also used in radar stealth for protecting the weapons from being detected.Many nanomaterials were studied as MAMs,but not all of them have the satisfactory performance.Recently,metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) have attracted tremendous attention owing to their tunable chemical structures,diverse properties,large specific surface area and uniform pore distribution.MOF can transform to porous carbon(PC) which is decorated with metal species at appropriate pyrolysis temperature.However,the loss mechanism of pure MOF-derived PC is often relatively simple.In order to further improve the MA performance,the MOFs coupled with other loss materials are a widely studied method.In this review,we summarize the theories of MA,the progress of different MOF-derived PC-based MAMs,tunable chemical structures incorporated with dielectric loss or magnetic loss materials.The different MA performance and mechanisms are discussed in detail.Finally,the shortcomings,challenges and perspectives of MOF-derived PC-based MAMs are also presented.We hope this review could provide a new insight to design and fabricate MOF-derived PC-based MAMs with better fundamental understanding and practical application.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41574047)Sichuan–Yunnan national earthquake monitoring and prediction experimental field project (2016CESE0101, 2018CSES0209)Project of Science for Earthquake Resilience (XH202302)
文摘In order to understand the crustal structure and tectonic background of the Changning–Gongxiang area, southeastern Sichuan Province, where a series of moderate-to-strong earthquakes occurred in recent years, we utilized the seismic phase data both from a local dense array and from the regional seismic networks;we used the tomoDD program to invert for the high-resolution three-dimensional velocity structure within the depth range of 0–10 km and for accurate hypocentral locations in this area. We analyzed the seismogenic structures for the events of Xingwen M5.7 in 2018 and Gongxian M5.3 and Changning M6.0 in 2019. The results show that:(1) widespread lateral inhomogeneity exists in the velocity structure of the study area, and the location of the velocity anomaly is largely consistent with known structures. In the range of distinguishable depth, the inhomogeneity decreases with increasing depth, and the velocity structure anomalies in some areas are continuous in depth;(2) earthquakes occurred in clusters, showing the characteristics of zonal folding trends in the NW-SE and NE-SW directions;the focal depth in the area is generally shallow in both the sedimentary cap and the crystalline basement. The seismogenic structures of small earthquake clusters are different in size and occurrence in different sections, and the clusters occurred mostly in regions with high P-or S-wave velocities;(3) synthesis of a variety of data suggests that the seismogenic structures of the Xingwen M5.7 and Changning M6.0 earthquakes are associated with slip faults that trend NW-SE in, respectively, the south wing and the axis of the Changning–Shuanghe anticline, while that of the Gongxian M5.3 earthquake is associated with thrust faults that trend N-S in the Jianwu syncline region. The dynamic sources of the three earthquakes are all from the SE pushing of the Qinghai–Tibet block on the Sichuan basin;(4) the risk of future strong earthquakes in this area must be reevaluated in light of the facts(a)that in recent years, moderate-to-strong earthquake swarms have occurred frequently in southeast Sichuan;(b) that the complex structural area exhibits the easy-to-trigger characteristic, and(c) that the small-scale faults in this area are characterized by the phenomenon of stress "lock and release".
基金supported by the projects from Ministry of National Science and Technology of China(Grant No. 2012BAK19B01-01)National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2008CB425701)
文摘Focal mechanism solutions and centroid depths of 312 M≥4 aftershocks from the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake sequence have been derived by CAP (Cut and Paste) method from broadband waveform data with relatively high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Following this, we have analyzed the distribution of focal depths and the stress tensors, as well as the types of focal mechanisms. The major results are: (1) different cross-sections show that the depth ranges of the aftershocks at the southern and northern ends of the aftershock area along the Longmenshan fault zone are wider than those on the central segment, where rare M≥4 aftershocks occurred at depths shallower than 10 kin. The main faults trend to the NW on the southern and central segments, and for the northern segment, no dominant trend direction has been determined; (2) stress tensor distribution demonstrates that the majority of the aftershock areas on the cross-section along the major axis are mainly under compressive stress perpendicular to the profile; however, for the areas near Lixian, Beichuan, Qingchuan and the shallow parts of its northern segment, large principal stress components are parallel to the major axis profile direction. On the cross-sections perpendicular to the major axis, the three areas above can be divided into two parts: one with dominantly compressional stress near the major faults of the Longmenshan fault zone on the SE side, and the other with NE-direction push along the fault zone on the NW side; (3) the stress tensor distribution in map view is very similar to those on the vertical cross-sections. In map view, the orientation of the principal compressional stress axis $1 on the central segment of the aftershock area presents an SE-trending arc shape; (4) the stress tensor slices at different depths show that the orientation of S1 axis mainly changes on the central segment and at the northern end, indicating that the two segments have different seismogenic structures at different depths; (5) with the exception of the northern end of the aftershock region, the orientation of the $1 axis changes little during the early and late stages, illustrating the seismogenic structures are relatively stable; (6) preliminary analyses for the seismogenic structures at the northern end indicated that deeper strike-slip quakes occurred on the ENE-striking branch at first, and then the NNE-striking branch faults at the northern end were activated and generated a series of relatively shallow strike-slip earthquakes due to subsequent stress-triggering; (7) the aftershock triggering mechanism that occurred near Lixian is different between the shallow and deep depths, and between the early and late stages, indicating that the main faults and the branch faults responsible for aftershocks are at different depths. Consequently, the relaxation effect of the main shock particularIy impacts the branch faults.
基金supported by National Key Basic Research 973bNational Scientific technology support plan (2006BAC01B02-01-01).
文摘The seismicity of Longrnenshan fault zone and its vicinities before the 12 May 2008 Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake is studied. Based on the digital seismic waveform data observed from regional seismic networks and mobile stations, the focal mechanism solutions are determined. Our analysis results show that the seismicities of Longmenshan fault zone before the 12 May 2008 Wenchuan earthquake were in stable state. No obvious phenomena of seismic activity intensifying appeared. According to focal mechanism solutions of some small earthquakes before the 12 May 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, the direction of principal compressive stress P-axis is WNW-ESE. The two hypocenter fault planes are NE-striking and NW-striking. The plane of NE direction is among N50°-70°E, the dip angles of fault planes are 60°-70° and it is very steep. The faultings of most earthquakes are dominantly characterized by dip-slip reverse and small part of faultings present strike-slip. The azimuths of principal compressive stress, the strikes of source fault planes and the dislocation types calculated from some small earthquakes before the 12 May 2008 Wenchuan earthquake are in accordance with that of the main shock. The average stress field of micro-rupture along the Longmenshan fault zone before the great earthquake is also consistent with that calculated from main shock. Zipingpu dam is located in the east side 20 km from the initial rupture area of the 12 May 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. The activity increment of small earthquakes in the Zipingpu dam is in the period of water discharging. The source parameter results of the small earthquakes which occurred near the initial rupture area of the 12 May 2008 Wenchuan earthquake indicate that the focal depths are 5 to 14 km and the source parameters are identical with that of earthquake.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)under Grant No.61373126the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China under Grant No.BK20131107the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant No.JUSRP51510
文摘This paper proposes a trust ant colony routing algorithm by introducing a node trust evaluation model based on the D-S evidence theory into the ant colony routing protocol to improve the security of wireless sensor networks. To reduce the influence of conflict evidences caused by malicious nods, the consistent intensity is introduced to preprocess conflict evidences before using the D-S combination rule to improve the reliability of the D-S based trust evaluation. The nodes with high trust values will be selected as the routing nodes to insure the routing security, and the trust values are used as heuristic functions of the ant colony routing algorithm. The simulation tests are conducted by using the network simulator NS2 to observe the outcomes of performance metrics of packets loss rate and average end-to-end delay etc. to indirectly evaluate the security issue under the attack of inside malicious nodes. The simulation results show that the proposed trust routing algorithm can efficiently resist malicious attacks in terms of keeping performances of the average end-to-end delay, the throughtput and the routing packet overhead under attacking from malicious nodes.
基金Supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(XDJK2011C048)
文摘This paper is aimed to analyze the current situation and problems about land use of various karst environments via field survey,documentation and comparison methods,and to make reasonable recommendations about land use and management for different karst types in a bid to provide theoretical and practical basis for optimization of karst land use and the comprehensive control of karst rock desertification.The results show that,①as the bare karst areas are lack of water and soil and highly vulnerable to droughts and floods,land utilization in such areas should follow the principles of soil and water conservation and ecological restoration,emphasize both the ecological benefit and the economic benefits and reasonably configure the land resources to achieve virtuous circle;②in covered karst areas,the most important task is to take measures to prevent the appearance of secondary karst rock desertification,water exhaustion and karst collapse;③the buried karst areas shall mainly focus on prevention of overlaying sand shale collapse,and possible pollution of deep karst water and the surface land resulted from exploration and exploitation of oil and gas and geothermal water.④The final conclusion is that features and problems of land utilization of the three karst types are different from each other,and that the general principle for land use in karst regions shall be based on the local conditions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundations of China (No. 21805185)ShanghaiTech University Start-Up Funding.
文摘Lithium-ion batteries(LIBs) have been developed for over 30 years;however, existing electrode materials cannot satisfy the increasing requirements of high-energy density, stable cycling, and low cost. Here, we present a perovskite-type LaNiO3 oxide(LNO) as a new negative electrode material. LNO was successfully synthesized by a sol-gel method. The microstructure and electrochemical performance of LNO calcined at various temperatures have been systematically investigated. The LNO electrode shows a high rate capability and long cycling stability. In a C-rate test, a specific capacity of 77 mAh/g was exhibited at 6 C. LNO can also deliver a specific capacity of 92 mAh/g after 200 cycles at 1 C. This paper presents a type of binary metal oxide as a new anode material for high-performance LIBs.
基金NSFC(51101142 and 50821001)New Century Excellent Talents in University of Ministry of Education of China(NCET-12-0690)+1 种基金Hebei province scientific program(13961002D and Y2012019)Hebei Province Technology Foundation for Selected Overseas Chinese and Outstanding Young Scholar.
文摘Super-high pressure(SHP)technique plays an increasing role in the fields of materials science and engineering.Herein,the Mg_(97)Zn_(1)Y_(2) alloy was heat-treated under SHP(6 GPa)by cubic-anvil large-volume press with six rams for 2 h in the temperature range of 500–1200℃.The microstructure and mechanical properties were investigated.The results indicated that the as-cast sample consists of α-Mg equiaxed dendrites and continuous lamellar long period stacking ordered(LPSO)phase in grain boundaries.After the SHP treatment,the LPSO phase is gradually replaced by eutectic phase(Mg,Zn)_(3)Y with increasing temperature.The microhardness and strength of sample prepared at 1100℃ under SHP treatment are significantly improved compared with the as-cast one at room temperature.The improved mechanical behaviors are mainly attributed to LPSO phase kink-banding strengthening at low temperature and the precipitation strengthening of a large amount of fine(Mg,Zn)_(3)Y particles at high temperature after SHP treatment.It reveals the SHP is an effective approach to prepare high performance Mg alloys.
基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB32040200).
文摘Wireless power transfer(WPT)technology is a popular choice for biomedical implant devices.The demands of higher efficiency and smaller implantation size are hard to compromise in previous studies.In the present work,an implantable magnetic coupling resonant WPT system in-tegrated with a metasurface element working at 430 MHz is presented.Similar planar copper coil components for the transmitting and receiving structures are used to construct the primary system,and then the metasurface element is integrated to constitute the whole WPT system.The effects of the distances between the transmitting coil and skin surface,between the skin surface,and receiv-ing coil are discussed.The results show that the efficiency will be enhanced by 38-50 dB integrat-ing with the metasurface.