A faster numerical method based on FDTD for the four energy level atomic system is present here. The initial conditions for the electrons of each level are achieving while the fields are in steady state. Polarization ...A faster numerical method based on FDTD for the four energy level atomic system is present here. The initial conditions for the electrons of each level are achieving while the fields are in steady state. Polarization equation, rate equations of electronic population and Maxwell’s equations were used to describe the coupling between the atoms and electromagnetic wave. Numerical simulations, based on a finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method, were utilized to obtain the population inversion and lasing threshold. The validity of the model and its theory is confirmed. The time, which we can observe the lasing phenomenon, is much shorter in our new model. Our model can be put into using in large scale simulations in mutiphysics to reduce the total simulated time.展开更多
The non-ionizing and penetrative characteristics of terahertz(THz)radiation have recently led to its adoption across a variety of applications.To effectively utilize THz radiation,modulators with precise control are i...The non-ionizing and penetrative characteristics of terahertz(THz)radiation have recently led to its adoption across a variety of applications.To effectively utilize THz radiation,modulators with precise control are imperative.While most recent THz modulators manipulate the amplitude,frequency,or phase of incident THz radiation,considerably less progress has been made toward THz polarization modulation.Conventional methods for polarization control suffer from high driving voltages,restricted modulation depth,and narrow band capabilities,which hinder device performance and broader applications.Consequently,an ideal THz modulator that offers high modulation depth along with ease of processing and operation is required.In this paper,we propose and realize a THz metamaterial comprised of microelectromechanical systems(MEMS)actuated by the phase-transition material vanadium dioxide(VO_(2)).Simulation and experimental results of the three-dimensional metamaterials show that by leveraging the unique phase-transition attributes of VO_(2),our THz polarization modulator offers notable advancements over existing designs,including broad operation spectrum,high modulation depth,ease of fabrication,ease of operation condition,and continuous modulation capabilities.These enhanced features make the system a viable candidate for a range of THz applications,including telecommunications,imaging,and radar systems.展开更多
Developing a mucosal vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 is critical for combatting the epidemic.Here,we investigated long-term immune responses and protection against SARS-CoV-2 for the intranasal vaccination of a triple rece...Developing a mucosal vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 is critical for combatting the epidemic.Here,we investigated long-term immune responses and protection against SARS-CoV-2 for the intranasal vaccination of a triple receptor-binding domain(RBD)scaffold protein(3R-NC)adjuvanted with a flagellin protein(KFD)(3R-NC+KFDi.n).In mice,the vaccination elicited RBD-specific broad-neutralizing antibody responses in both serum and mucosal sites sustained at high level over a year.This long-lasting humoral immunity was correlated with the presence of long-lived RBD-specific IgG-and IgA-producing plasma cells,alongside the Th17 and Tfh17-biased T-cell responses driven by the KFD adjuvant.Based upon these preclinical findings,an open labeled clinical trial was conducted in individuals who had been primed with the inactivated SARS-CoV-2(IAV)vaccine.With a favorable safety profile,the 3R-NC+KFDi.n boost elicited enduring broad-neutralizing IgG in plasma and IgA in salivary secretions.To meet the challenge of frequently emerged variants,we further designed an updated triple-RBD scaffold protein with mutated RBD combinations,which can induce adaptable antibody responses to neutralize the newly emerging variants,including JN.1.Our findings highlight the potential of the KFD-adjuvanted triple-RBD scaffold protein is a promising prototype for the development of a mucosal vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 infection.展开更多
Coronavirus disease 2019(COviD-19)was first reported three years ago,when a group of individuals were infected with the original SARS-CoV-2 strain,based on which vaccines were developed.Here,we develop six human monoc...Coronavirus disease 2019(COviD-19)was first reported three years ago,when a group of individuals were infected with the original SARS-CoV-2 strain,based on which vaccines were developed.Here,we develop six human monoclonal antibodies(mAbs)from two elite convalescents in Wuhan and show that these mAbs recognize diverse epitopes on the receptor binding domain(RBD)and can inhibit the infection of SARS-CoV-2 original strain and variants of concern(VOCs)to varying degrees,including Omicron strains XBB and XBB.展开更多
A dual-antenna building block with high isolation is presented for metal-rimmed fifth-generation(5G)smartphones.A coupled-fed loop antenna and a coupledfed slot antenna based on a simple T-slot etched on the ground pl...A dual-antenna building block with high isolation is presented for metal-rimmed fifth-generation(5G)smartphones.A coupled-fed loop antenna and a coupledfed slot antenna based on a simple T-slot etched on the ground plane are meticulously designed to form a compact building block.展开更多
Three-dimensional Prussian blue (PB) nanostructures was obtained via a one-step hydrothermal method. Subsequently, two-dimensional tin disulfide (SnS2) nanosheets were grown onto PB through a facile hydrothermal synth...Three-dimensional Prussian blue (PB) nanostructures was obtained via a one-step hydrothermal method. Subsequently, two-dimensional tin disulfide (SnS2) nanosheets were grown onto PB through a facile hydrothermal synthesis. The as prepared SnS2/PB is further employed as the anode of sodium ion batteries (SIBs). S11S2/PB nanoarchitecture delivers a specific capacity of 725.7 mAh·g-1 at 50 mA·g-1. When put through more than 200 cycles, it achieved a stable cycling capacity of 400 m Ah·g^-1 at 200 m A·g^i. The stable Na^+ storage properties of SnS2/PB was attributed to the synergistic effect among the conductive PB carbon, used as the template in this work. These results obtained potentially paves the way for the development of excellent electrochemical performance with stable performance of SIBs.展开更多
文摘A faster numerical method based on FDTD for the four energy level atomic system is present here. The initial conditions for the electrons of each level are achieving while the fields are in steady state. Polarization equation, rate equations of electronic population and Maxwell’s equations were used to describe the coupling between the atoms and electromagnetic wave. Numerical simulations, based on a finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method, were utilized to obtain the population inversion and lasing threshold. The validity of the model and its theory is confirmed. The time, which we can observe the lasing phenomenon, is much shorter in our new model. Our model can be put into using in large scale simulations in mutiphysics to reduce the total simulated time.
基金supported by NSF through the University of Delaware Materials Research Science and Engineering Center DMR-2011824.
文摘The non-ionizing and penetrative characteristics of terahertz(THz)radiation have recently led to its adoption across a variety of applications.To effectively utilize THz radiation,modulators with precise control are imperative.While most recent THz modulators manipulate the amplitude,frequency,or phase of incident THz radiation,considerably less progress has been made toward THz polarization modulation.Conventional methods for polarization control suffer from high driving voltages,restricted modulation depth,and narrow band capabilities,which hinder device performance and broader applications.Consequently,an ideal THz modulator that offers high modulation depth along with ease of processing and operation is required.In this paper,we propose and realize a THz metamaterial comprised of microelectromechanical systems(MEMS)actuated by the phase-transition material vanadium dioxide(VO_(2)).Simulation and experimental results of the three-dimensional metamaterials show that by leveraging the unique phase-transition attributes of VO_(2),our THz polarization modulator offers notable advancements over existing designs,including broad operation spectrum,high modulation depth,ease of fabrication,ease of operation condition,and continuous modulation capabilities.These enhanced features make the system a viable candidate for a range of THz applications,including telecommunications,imaging,and radar systems.
基金National Key R&D program of China(Grant number:2022YFC2304204 to Y.-Q.C.,2021YFC2302602 to J.Y.)National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number:82341041 to H.Y.and 92169104 to Y.-Q.C.)+1 种基金Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan(Grant number:22Y11901000 to Q.W.)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(Grant number:RCJC20210706092009004,JCYJ2020010914243811,KQTD20200820145822023 to Y.-Q.C.)supported this work in whole or in part.
文摘Developing a mucosal vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 is critical for combatting the epidemic.Here,we investigated long-term immune responses and protection against SARS-CoV-2 for the intranasal vaccination of a triple receptor-binding domain(RBD)scaffold protein(3R-NC)adjuvanted with a flagellin protein(KFD)(3R-NC+KFDi.n).In mice,the vaccination elicited RBD-specific broad-neutralizing antibody responses in both serum and mucosal sites sustained at high level over a year.This long-lasting humoral immunity was correlated with the presence of long-lived RBD-specific IgG-and IgA-producing plasma cells,alongside the Th17 and Tfh17-biased T-cell responses driven by the KFD adjuvant.Based upon these preclinical findings,an open labeled clinical trial was conducted in individuals who had been primed with the inactivated SARS-CoV-2(IAV)vaccine.With a favorable safety profile,the 3R-NC+KFDi.n boost elicited enduring broad-neutralizing IgG in plasma and IgA in salivary secretions.To meet the challenge of frequently emerged variants,we further designed an updated triple-RBD scaffold protein with mutated RBD combinations,which can induce adaptable antibody responses to neutralize the newly emerging variants,including JN.1.Our findings highlight the potential of the KFD-adjuvanted triple-RBD scaffold protein is a promising prototype for the development of a mucosal vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32188101 to K.L.,32122008 to Y.W.,32270164 to H.Y.,and 32070160 to H.Y.)National Science and Technology Major Project(2022YFC2604100 to H.Z.and L.Z.,2021YFC2300702 to L.Z.,and 2021YFF0702004 to Y.C.)+2 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2042023kf0191 and 2042022kf1188 to H.Y.)Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation(2023AFA015 to H.Y.),China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2023M732705 to Q.L.)Hubei Provincial Public Health Outstanding Young Talents Project(to K.C.).
文摘Coronavirus disease 2019(COviD-19)was first reported three years ago,when a group of individuals were infected with the original SARS-CoV-2 strain,based on which vaccines were developed.Here,we develop six human monoclonal antibodies(mAbs)from two elite convalescents in Wuhan and show that these mAbs recognize diverse epitopes on the receptor binding domain(RBD)and can inhibit the infection of SARS-CoV-2 original strain and variants of concern(VOCs)to varying degrees,including Omicron strains XBB and XBB.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.62201006)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No.2022M722961)。
文摘A dual-antenna building block with high isolation is presented for metal-rimmed fifth-generation(5G)smartphones.A coupled-fed loop antenna and a coupledfed slot antenna based on a simple T-slot etched on the ground plane are meticulously designed to form a compact building block.
文摘Three-dimensional Prussian blue (PB) nanostructures was obtained via a one-step hydrothermal method. Subsequently, two-dimensional tin disulfide (SnS2) nanosheets were grown onto PB through a facile hydrothermal synthesis. The as prepared SnS2/PB is further employed as the anode of sodium ion batteries (SIBs). S11S2/PB nanoarchitecture delivers a specific capacity of 725.7 mAh·g-1 at 50 mA·g-1. When put through more than 200 cycles, it achieved a stable cycling capacity of 400 m Ah·g^-1 at 200 m A·g^i. The stable Na^+ storage properties of SnS2/PB was attributed to the synergistic effect among the conductive PB carbon, used as the template in this work. These results obtained potentially paves the way for the development of excellent electrochemical performance with stable performance of SIBs.
