Sodium-rich volcanic rocks and their relationships with iron deposits in the Aqishan-Yamansu belt of Eastern Tianshan,NW China

The volcanic rocks hosting the iron deposits in the Aqishan–Yamansu metallogenic belt are sodium-rich.The geochronology,petrography,and geochemistry of minerals and sodium-rich rocks as well as the relationship between these rocks and the iron deposits are studied.Geochemically,the ore-hosting volcanic rocks are sodiumrich(the averages of Na2O and Na2O/K2O are 4.31 wt.%and 8.56,respectively)and belong to the calc-alkaline series.They are enriched in LREEs and LILEs(Ba,U,K,and Sr),but depleted in HFSEs(Nb,Ta,and Ti).SHRIMP zircon U–Pb dating of the crystal tuff in the Aqishan Formation and the dacite in the Tugutu Bulak Formation yields ages of 337.5
2.3 Ma(n?15,MSWD?0.85)and 313.0
3.3 Ma(n?13,MSWD?0.74),respectively,indicating that the sodium-rich volcanic rocks formed from the early–late Carboniferous.Electron microprobe data from plagioclases demonstrate that albites and/or oligoclases were formed in the basic–intermediate–acid volcanic rocks.Two stages of albitization are identified,and the latter is likely attributed to the dissolution of iron in the Aqishan–Yamansu belt.The sodium-rich volcanic rocks probably formed by the interaction between volcanic lava and seawater after volcanoes erupted on the seafloor;meanwhile,the albites formed by element substitution in a low-metamorphic environment.The spatiotemporal coupling relationship between sodium-rich volcanic rocks and iron deposits in the Aqishan–Yamansu belt is favorable.Iron dissolved from the dark minerals of basic–intermediate volcanic rocks through sodium metasomatism is one of the material sources for the iron deposits.

Prediction of Outcomes in Mini-Basketball Training Program for Preschool Children with Autism Using Machine Learning Models

In recent years evidence has emerged suggesting that Mini-basketball training program(MBTP)can be an effec-tive intervention method to improve social communication(SC)impairments and restricted and repetitive beha-viors(RRBs)in preschool children suffering from autism spectrum disorder(ASD).However,there is a considerable degree if interindividual variability concerning these social outcomes and thus not all preschool chil-dren with ASD profit from a MBTP intervention to the same extent.In order to make more accurate predictions which preschool children with ASD can benefit from an MBTP intervention or which preschool children with ASD need additional interventions to achieve behavioral improvements,further research is required.This study aimed to investigate which individual factors of preschool children with ASD can predict MBTP intervention out-comes concerning SC impairments and RRBs.Then,test the performance of machine learning models in predict-ing intervention outcomes based on these factors.Participants were 26 preschool children with ASD who enrolled in a quasi-experiment and received MBTP intervention.Baseline demographic variables(e.g.,age,body,mass index[BMI]),indicators of physicalfitness(e.g.,handgrip strength,balance performance),performance in execu-tive function,severity of ASD symptoms,level of SC impairments,and severity of RRBs were obtained to predict treatment outcomes after MBTP intervention.Machine learning models were established based on support vector machine algorithm were implemented.For comparison,we also employed multiple linear regression models in statistics.Ourfindings suggest that in preschool children with ASD symptomatic severity(r=0.712,p<0.001)and baseline SC impairments(r=0.713,p<0.001)are predictors for intervention outcomes of SC impair-ments.Furthermore,BMI(r=-0.430,p=0.028),symptomatic severity(r=0.656,p<0.001),baseline SC impair-ments(r=0.504,p=0.009)and baseline RRBs(r=0.647,p<0.001)can predict intervention outcomes of RRBs.Statistical models predicted 59.6%of variance in post-treatment SC impairments(MSE=0.455,RMSE=0.675,R2=0.596)and 58.9%of variance in post-treatment RRBs(MSE=0.464,RMSE=0.681,R2=0.589).Machine learning models predicted 83%of variance in post-treatment SC impairments(MSE=0.188,RMSE=0.434,R2=0.83)and 85.9%of variance in post-treatment RRBs(MSE=0.051,RMSE=0.226,R2=0.859),which were better than statistical models.Ourfindings suggest that baseline characteristics such as symptomatic severity of 144 IJMHP,2022,vol.24,no.2 ASD symptoms and SC impairments are important predictors determining MBTP intervention-induced improvements concerning SC impairments and RBBs.Furthermore,the current study revealed that machine learning models can successfully be applied to predict the MBTP intervention-related outcomes in preschool chil-dren with ASD,and performed better than statistical models.Ourfindings can help to inform which preschool children with ASD are most likely to benefit from an MBTP intervention,and they might provide a reference for the development of personalized intervention programs for preschool children with ASD.

In-situ LA-ICP-MS trace element and oxygen isotope signatures of magnetite from the Yamansu deposit,NW China,and their significance

The Yamansu iron deposit is hosted in submarine volcanic rocks in the Aqishan–Yamansu belt of Eastern Tianshan,NW China.A geological cross-section for the Carboniferous strata in the ore district shows that ore bodies in the Yamansu deposit are hosted in andesitic crystal tuff of the third cycle of the Carboniferous Yamansu Formation.This indicates an association between mineralization and volcanism.The orebodies are strata bound and lensoid and generally share the occurrence state of the host rocks.Magnetite mineralization mainly occurs asbreccia ores,ores in the mineralized volcanic rocks,massive ores,and sulfide-rich ores according to their structures and sequences of formation.Trace element compositions of magnetite from various types of ores were determined by LA-ICP-MS.The dataset indicates thatdifferent types of magnetite havedistinct trace element contents correlated to their formation environments.Magnetite crystals from breccia ores have high Ti,Ni,V,Cr,and Co and low Si,Al,Ca,and Mg contents,indicating crystallization from a volcanic magmatic eruption,which is consistent with field evidence of coexisting altered volcanic breccia.Magnetite crystals from ores in the mineralized volcanic rocks have moderate Ti,Ni,V,Cr,and Co contents.In contrast,magnetite from massive ores and sulfide-rich ores have low concentrations of Ti,Cr,Ni,and V,high concentrations of Si,Al,Ca,and Mg,and evidence of hydrothermal magnetite.In-situ magnetite compositions imply a magmatic-hydrothermal process.Although d18 O values for magnetite grains from Yamansu vary(?1.3 to?7.0%),they all plot in the range field of volcanic iron deposits,and they also record a magmatic-hydrothermal process.The compositions of Yamansu magnetites are interpreted as controlled mainly by temperature,fluid,host rock buffering,oxygen fugacity,and sulfur fugacity.The metallogenic conditions of the Yamansu deposit changed from high temperature and low oxygen fugacity to low temperature and high oxygen fugacity.However,more fluid-rock reactions and higher sulfur fugacity were involved during the deposition of massive ores and sulfiderich ores.

The Synthesis of Bridged Purine Dinucleoside

Two bridged purine dinucleosides, bis(2-N-acetyl-6-N-alkylylene-2,6-diaminopurine-2',3',5'-triacetyl-beta-D-ribofuranoside), were synthesized fi om the reaction of the key medium 3, 2-acetylamino-6-[1-(1,2,4-triazolyl)]-purine-2',3',5'-triacetyl-beta-D-ribofuranoside with dialkylamine.

Geochronology and geochemistry of magmatic rocks in the Dongzi–Changhanboluo Pb–Zn ore district in Chifeng,Inner Mongolia,and their relationship with metallogenesis

Bulk-rock elements,isotopes,and zircon U–Pb ages are reported for magmatic rocks in the Dongzi–Changhanboluo Pb–Zn ore district in Chifeng,Inner Mongolia,China.Zircon U–Pb dating identified four stages of magmatism:Late Silurian gabbroic diorite(*420 Ma),Middle Permian monzonite(*274 Ma),Late Jurassic quartz porphyry and ignimbrite,breccia tuff(153–158 Ma)and Early Cretaceous andesitic porphyrite(*127 Ma).Integrating field observations,geochronology,and element and isotope geochemistry indicated a complex petrogenetic history of the magmatic rocks.The gabbroic diorite may have been sourced from EM1-type mantle.The source of the monzonite may have been mantle metasomatized by melt from the subducting plate.The Jurassic volcaniclastic rocks formed in a medium-pressure,high-temperature environment,possibly in the background of crustal thickening in a syncollisional stage and an early postcollisional stage.During this process,shaly sedimentary rocks were brought into the deep crust and heated,followed by the rapid isostatic uplift of the crust,which caused partial melting of the sedimentary rocks.Quartz monzonite porphyry and quartz porphyry formed by partial melting of mantle metasomatized by subducted sediments,but the quartz porphyry experienced high-degree differentiation and evolution.The andesitic porphyrite has characteristics similar to those of Permian monzonite,indicating that its source area was also the zone of mantle metasomatized by subducted sediment.The late Silurian and Permian magmatic rocks in this area most likely formed against a continental arc background related to the subduction of the Paleo-Asian Ocean Plate beneath the North China Plate.The Late Jurassic magmatic rocks suggest that the northern margin of the North China Craton may have been in a postcollisional setting during the Late Jurassic,with no obvious crustal thinning.The Cretaceous andesitic porphyrite may have formed against the background of lithospheric extension and thinning.According to the comprehensive analysis of geological characteristics,diagenetic and metallogenic epochs,and Pb isotope data,the formation of ore bodies in the Dongzi–Changhanboluo ore district was closely related to the Jurassic quartz porphyry.

兼具可打印性及生物相容性的水凝胶用于无残留打印高通量的患者来源类器官生物芯片

类器官生物芯片可以模拟真实人体器官的微环境和功能特征,为疾病建模和药物筛选提供了新的平台.但传统手工培养类器官及构建生物芯片的方法通常过程复杂、成本高且耗时(至少一个月),极大地阻碍了其实际应用.本研究介绍了一种基于微针的气动打印策略,可以实现高效无残留的患者来源类器官生物芯片构建.通过开发可打印的仿生水凝胶,肿瘤活检样本可以被高效地处理成生物墨水,培养过程中细胞存活率高达92%.使用微针进行打印,生物墨水利用率超过90%,可以高效地构建类器官生物芯片并用于药物测试,在一周内给出个性化的药物筛选信息.通过微打印策略和仿生水凝胶,细胞的利用率和类器官芯片的构建效率可以有效提高,为精准医学提供了新的途径.

A machine-learning-enabled approach for bridging multiscale simulations of CNTs/PDMS composites

Benefitting from the interlaced networking structure of carbon nanotubes(CNTs),the composites of CNTs/polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)have found extensive applications in wearable electronics.While hierarchical multiscale simulation frameworks exist to optimize the structure parameters,their wide applications were hindered by the high computational cost.In this study,a machine learning model based on the artificial neural networks(ANN)embedded graph attention network,termed as AGAT,was proposed.The datasets collected from the micro-scale and the macro-scale simulations are utilized to train the model.The ANN layer within the model framework is trained to pass the information from micro-scale to macro-scale,while the whole model is aimed to predict the electro-mechanical behavior of the CNTs/PDMS composites.By comparing the AGAT model with the original multiscale simulation results,the data-driven strategy is shown to be promising with high accuracy,demonstrating the potential of the machine-learning-enabled approach for the structure optimization of CNT-based composites.

靶场光电测量设备发展现状及展望

靶场光电测量设备利用光学成像采集飞行目标信息,经误差修正、时空配准、交汇计算等处理可以得到所需的目标参数,是航天器发射回收测控系统中的重要组成部分,也被广泛应用于军事目标的探测中。为了应对复杂测量条件和多样化被测目标带来的挑战,在确保靶场光电测量设备高精度轨迹测量、高分辨成像能力的同时,对其提出了获取信息多元化、测量波段多样化、多平台机动布站等更多任务需求。我国靶场光电测量设备长足发展,整体性能得到了大幅提升。以中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所精密仪器与装备研发中心团队近年来在靶场光电测量设备的研制工作为基础,对红外辐射特性测量、结构轻量化设计、光雷一体化测量等多项关键技术的发展历程和现状进行了详细介绍,总结了靶场光电测量设备在多信息获取、探测波段扩展、测量精度提高、设备机动性提升和多平台匹配融合等方面的研究进展,讨论了靶场光电测量设备当前仍然存在的技术难点,并展望了相关技术未来的发展方向。

Textures, trace element compositions, and sulfur isotopes of pyrite from the Honghai volcanogenic massive sulfide deposit:Implications for ore genesis and mineral exploration

In this paper, we present textures, trace element compositions, and sulfur isotope data for pyrite from the Honghai volcanogenic massive sulfide deposit to place new constraints on the source and evolution of the ore-forming fluids and provide insights into the ore genesis with implications for future exploration. The Honghai deposit consists of upper lenticular ores comprising massive sulfides that are underlain by stockwork and disseminated sulfides. The textural and isotopic characteristics of the synsedimentary framboidal pyrite(Syn-Py) indicate its formation by biogenetic processes. Coarse-grained pyrite generations(M-Py1, M-Py2, and M-Py3) from the massive sulfides have high Au, Ag, Cu, Zn, Pb, Sb, and Tl concentrations and low Co, Se, Te, Ti, and Sn concentrations, indicating that they precipitated from metal-rich, low-to intermediate-temperature,oxidizing fluids. The high Te, Ti, and Sn concentrations and high Co/Ni ratios in the massive pyrite(M-Py4) associated with magnetite in the massive sulfide lenses, as well as the high Ti, V, Cr, and Ni concentrations and low Al, Mn, and Zn concentrations in the magnetite, suggest that the coexisting M-Py4 and magnetite precipitated under oxidizing and hightemperature(300℃ to 500℃) conditions. In contrast, pyrite grains from the underlying stockwork and veins(V-Py1, V-Py2, and V-Py3) are characterized by low Au, Ag, Cu, Zn, Pb, Sb, and Tl concentrations coupled with high Co, Se, Te, and Ti concentrations and high Co/Ni ratios, which are interpreted in terms of reducing and high-temperature ore-forming fluids. The large variations in δ^(34)S values from-6.4‰ to +29.9‰ suggest that the ore-forming fluids were derived from magmatic source that were significantly modified by seawater. The spatial variations of trace element assemblages of pyrite from different levels of the main massive orebodies can be used as an indicator for mineral exploration of Cu-Zn ores in the Honghai deposit.Although no significant difference in δ34S values is observed between the upper massive sulfide lenses and lower stockwork/vein zone, the spiky δ34S pattern noted in the massive pyrite can be used as a marker for the main massive orebodies.

Flexible depth-of-focus,depth-invariant resolution photoacoustic microscopy with Airy beam

Optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy(OR-PAM)has rapidly developed and is capable of characterizing optical absorption properties of biological tissue with high contrast and high resolution(micrometer-scale lateral resolution).However,the conventional excitation source of rapidly diverging Gaussian beam imposes limitations on the depth of focus(DOF)in OR-PAM,which in turn affects the depth-resolving ability and detection sensitivity.Here,we proposed a flexible DOF,depth-invariant resolution photoacoustic microscopy(FDIR-PAM)with nondiffraction of Airy beams.The spatial light modulator was incorporated into the optical pathway of the excitation source with matched switching phase patterns,achieving the flexibly adjustable modulation parameters of the Airy beam.We conducted experiments on phantoms and intravital tissue to validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach for high sensitivity and highresolution characterization of variable topology of tissue,offering a promising DOF of 926μm with an invariant lateral resolution of 3.2μm,which is more than 17-fold larger compared to the Gaussian beam.In addition,FDIR-PAM successfully revealed clear individual zebrafish larvae and the pigment pattern of adult zebrafishes,as well as fine morphology of cerebral vasculature in a large depth range with high resolution,which has reached an evident resolving capability improvement of 62%mean value compared with the Gaussian beam.

复合菌系降解纤维素过程中微生物群落结构的变化

为明确高效纤维素降解复合菌系降解过程中微生物群落结构的变化规律及关键的降解功能菌,利用该复合菌系对滤纸和稻秆进行生物处理,通过底物降解、微生物生长量、发酵液pH的变化情况,选择不同降解时期复合菌系提取的总DNA进行细菌16S rRNA基因扩增子高通量测序。通过分解特性试验确定在接种后培养第12、72、168 h分别作为降解初期、高峰期、末期。该复合菌系分别主要由1个门、2个纲、2个目、7个科、11个属组成。随着降解的进行,短芽胞杆菌属Brevibacillus、喜热菌属Caloramator的相对丰度逐渐降低;梭菌属Clostridium、芽胞杆菌属Bacillus、地芽胞杆菌属Geobacillus、柯恩氏菌属Cohnella的相对丰度逐渐升高;解脲芽胞杆菌属Ureibacillus、泰氏菌属Tissierella、刺尾鱼菌属Epulopiscium在降解高峰期时相对丰度最高;各时期类芽胞杆菌属Paenibacillus、瘤胃球菌属Ruminococcus的相对丰度无明显变化。上述11个主要菌属均属于厚壁菌门,具有嗜热、耐热、适应广泛pH、降解纤维素或半纤维素的特性。好氧型细菌是降解初期的主要优势功能菌,到中后期厌氧型细菌逐渐增多,并逐步取代好氧型细菌成为降解纤维素的主要细菌。

Alkali-metal(Li, Na, and K)-adsorbed MoSi_(2)N_(4) monolayer: an investigation of its outstanding electronic, optical, and photocatalytic properties

Single-layer MoSi_(2)N_(4),a high-quality two-dimensional material,has recently been fabricated by chemical vapor deposition.Motivated by this latest experimental work,herein,we apply first principles calculations to investigate the electronic,optical,and photocatalytic properties of alkali-metal(Li,Na,and K)-adsorbed MoSi_(2)N_(4) monolayer.The electronic structure analysis shows that pristine MoSi_(2)N_(4) monolayer exhibits an indirect bandgap(E_(g)=1.89 eV).By contrast,the bandgaps of one Li-,Na-,and K-adsorbed MoSi_(2)N_(4) monolayer are 1.73 eV,1.61 eV,and 1.75 eV,respectively.Moreover,the work function of MoSi_(2)N_(4) monolayer(4.80 eV)is significantly reduced after the adsorption of alkali metal atoms.The work functions of one Li-,Na-,and K-adsorbed MoSi_(2)N_(4) monolayer are 1.50 eV,1.43 eV,and 2.03 eV,respectively.Then,optical investigations indicate that alkali metal adsorption processes substantially increase the visible light absorption range and coefficient of MoSi_(2)N_(4) monolayer.Furthermore,based on redox potential variations after alkali metals are adsorbed,Li-and Na-adsorbed MoSi_(2)N_(4) monolayers are more suitable for the water splitting photocatalytic process,and the Li-adsorbed case shows the highest potential application for CO_(2) reduction.In conclusion,alkali-metal-adsorbed MoSi_(2)N_(4) monolayer exhibits promising applications as novel optoelectronic devices and photocatalytic materials due to its unique physical and chemical properties.

Percolation-based health management of complex traffic systems

System health management,which aims to ensure the safe and efficient operation of systems by reducing uncertain risks and cascading failures during their lifetime,is proposed for complex transportation systems and other critical infrastructures,especially under the background of the New Infrastructure Projects launched in China.Previous studies proposed numerous approaches to evaluate or improve traffic reliability or efficiency.Nevertheless,most existing studies neglected the core failure mechanism(i.e.,spatio-temporal propagation of traffic congestion).In this article,we review existing studies on traffic reliability management and propose a health management framework covering the entire traffic congestion lifetime,from emergence,evolution to dissipation,based on the study of core failure modes with percolation theory.Aiming to be"reliable,invulnerable,resilient,potential,and active",our proposed traffic health management framework includes modeling,evaluation,diagnosis,and improvement.Our proposed framework may shed light on traffic management for megacities and urban agglomerations around the world.This new approach may offer innovative insights for systems science and engineering in fiiture intelligent infrastructure management.

A DISCONTINUOUS GALERKIN METHOD BY PATCH RECONSTRUCTION FOR BIHARMONIC PROBLEM

We propose a new discontinuous Galerkin method based on the least-squares patch reconstruction for the biharmonic problem. We prove the optimal error estimate of the proposed method. The two-dimensional and three-dimensional numerical examples are presented to confirm the accuracy and efficiency of the method with several boundary conditions and several types of polygon meshes and polyhedral meshes.

The Discontinuous Galerkin Method by Divergence-Free Patch Reconstruction for Stokes Eigenvalue Problems

The discontinuous Galerkin method by divergence-free patch reconstruction is proposed for Stokes eigenvalue problems.It utilizes the mixed finite element framework.The patch reconstruction technique constructs two categories of approximation spaces.Namely,the local divergence-free space is employed to discretize the velocity space,and the pressure space is approximated by standard reconstruction space simultaneously.Benefit from the divergence-free constraint;the identical element patch serves two approximation spaces while using the element pair Pm+1/Pm.The optimal error estimate is derived under the inf-sup condition framework.Numerical examples are carried out to validate the inf-sup test and the theoretical results.

Hierarchical Absorbing Interface Conditions for Wave Propagation on Non-Uniform Meshes

In this paper,we propose hierarchical absorbing interface conditions to solve the problem of wave propagation in domains with a non-uniform space discretization or grid size inhomogeneity using Pad´e Via Lanczos(PVL)method.The proposed interface conditions add an auxiliary variable in the wave system to eliminate the spurious reflection at the interface between regions with different mesh sizes.The auxiliary variable with proper boundary condition can suppress the spurious reflection by cancelling the boundary source term produced by the space inhomogeneity in variational perspective.The new hierarchical interface conditions with the help of PVL implementation can effectively reduce the degree of freedom in solving the wave propagation problem.

Vaccination inhibits TLR2 transcription via suppression of GR nuclear translocation and binding to TLR2 promoter in porcine lung infected with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae

Toll-like receptors(TLRs)and glucocorticoid receptor(GR)act as effectors of innate immune system and neuroendocrine system,respectively.The crosstalk between these two receptors is important to maintain homeostasis during immune response.It is well known that vaccination can boost adaptive immune responses to specific pathogens.However,it remains elusive whether and