一种基于多层次语言信息的自然语言推理方法

随着网络深度逐层加深,提取特征时表层信息和浅层特征或多或少被遗失,而一些推理场景需要浅层特征来作出推理判断。为此,提出一种融入多层语言信息的自然语言推理方法,通过学习多层深度神经网络的不同层对结果的贡献权重,有效结合不同层学习到的语言信息对结果进行预测。在SNLI数据集上的实验结果和对多个样例的分析表明,多层神经网络的不同层捕获到了不同的语言信息,不同的网络层擅长不同的推理任务,合理融入不同层次的语言信息有助于方法性能的提升。

Depositional model of the Member Deng-2 marginal microbial mound-bank complex of the Dengying Formation in the southwestern Sichuan Basin, SW China: Implications for the Ediacaran microbial mound construction and hydrocarbon exploration

Recent advances in hydrocarbon exploration have been made in the Member Deng-2 marginal microbial mound-bank complex reservoirs of the Dengying Formation in the western Sichuan Basin, SW China,where the depositional process is regarded confusing. The microfacies, construction types, and depositional model of the Member Deng-2 marginal microbial mound-bank complex have been investigated using unmanned aerial vehicle photography, outcrop section investigation, thin section identification,and seismic reflections in the southwestern Sichuan Basin. The microbialite lithologic textures in this region include thrombolite, dendrolite, stromatolite, fenestral stromatolite, spongiostromata stone,oncolite, aggregated grainstone, and botryoidal grapestone. Based on the comprehensive analysis of“depositional fabrics-lithology-microfacies”, an association between a fore mound, mound framework,and back mound subfacies has been proposed based on water depth, current direction, energy level and lithologic assemblages. The microfacies of the mound base, mound core, mound flank, mound cap, and mound flat could be recognized among the mound framework subfacies. Two construction types of marginal microbial mound-bank complex have been determined based on deposition location, mound scale, migration direction, and sedimentary facies association. Type Jinkouhe microbial mound constructions(TJMMCs) develop along the windward margin owing to their proximity to the seaward subfacies fore mound, with a northeastwardly migrated microbial mound on top of the mud mound,exhibiting the characteristics of large-sized mounds and small-sized banks in the surrounding area. Type E'bian microbial mound constructions(TEMMCs) primarily occur on the leeward margin, resulting from the presence of onshore back mound subfacies, with the smaller southwestward migrated microbial mounds existing on a thicker microbial flat. The platform margin microbial mound depositional model can be correlated with certain lateral comparison profile and seismic reflection structures in the 2D seismic section, which can provide references for future worldwide exploration. Microbial mounds with larger buildups and thicker vertical reservoirs are typically targeted on the windward margin, while small-sized microbial mounds and flats with better lateral connections are typically focused on the leeward margin.

Dynamic stiffness characteristics of aero-engine elastic support structure and its effects on rotor systems:mechanism and numerical and experimental studies

The support structure of a rotor system is subject to vibration excitation,which results in the stiffness of the support structure varying with the excitation frequency(i.e.,the dynamic stiffness).However,the dynamic stiffness and its effect mechanism have been rarely incorporated in open studies of the rotor system.Therefore,this study theoretically reveals the effect mechanism of dynamic stiffness on the rotor system.Then,the numerical study and experimental verification are conducted on the dynamic stiffness characteristics of a squirrel cage,which is a common support structure for aero-engine.Moreover,the static stiffness experiment is also performed for comparison.Finally,a rotor system model considering the dynamic stiffness of the support structure is presented.The presented rotor model is used to validate the results of the theoretical analysis.The results illustrate that the dynamic stiffness reduces the critical speed of the rotor system and may lead to a new resonance.

Experimental and simulation studies on similitude design method for shock responses of beam-plate coupled structure

The similitude theory helps to understand the physical behaviors of large structures through scaled models. Several papers have studied the similitude of shock issues. However, the dynamic similitude for shock responses of coupled structures is rarely incorporated in open studies. In this paper, scaling laws are derived for the shock responses and spectra of coupled structures. In the presented scaling laws, the geometric distortion and energy loss are considered. The ability of the proposed scaling laws is demonstrated in the simulation and experimental cases. In both cases, the similitude prediction for the prototype's time-domain waveform and spectrum is conducted with the scaled model and scaling laws. The simulation and experimental cases indicate that the predicted shock responses and spectra agree well with those of the prototype, which verifies the proposed scaling laws for predicting shock responses.

Variable stiffness tuned particle dampers for vibration control of cantilever boring bars

This research proposes a novel type of variable stiffness tuned particle damper(TPD)for reducing vibrations in boring bars.The TPD integrates the developments of particle damping and dynamical vibration absorber,whose frequency tuning principle is established through an equivalent theoretical model.Based on the multiphase flow theory of gas-solid,it is effective to obtain the equivalent damping and stiffness of the particle damping.The dynamic equations of the coupled system,consisting of a boring bar with the TPD,are built by Hamilton’s principle.The vibration suppression of the TPD is assessed by calculating the amplitude responses of the boring bar both with and without the TPD by the Newmark-beta algorithm.Moreover,an improvement is proposed to the existing gas-solid flow theory,and a comparative analysis of introducing the stiffness term on the damping effect is presented.The parameters of the TPD are optimized by the genetic algorithm,and the results indicate that the optimized TPD effectively reduces the peak response of the boring bar system.

On the Assessment of Generative AI in Requirements Analysis and Modeling Tasks with UML:An Exploratory Study

Generative AI is rapidly employed by software developers to generate code or other software artifacts.However,the analysis and assessment of generative AI with respect to requirements analysis and modeling tasks,especially with UML,has received little attention.This paper investigates the capabilities of generative AI to aid in the creation of three types of UML models:UML use case models,class diagrams,and sequence diagrams.For this purpose,we designed an AI-aided UML modeling task in our course on software requirements modeling.50 undergraduates who majored in Software Engineering at Wuhan University completed the modeling task and the corresponding online survey.Our findings show that generative AI can help create these three types of UML models,but its performance is limited to identifying essential modeling elements of these UML models.

Prediction of Free Lime Content in Cement Clinker Based on RBF Neural Network

Considering the fact that free calcium oxide content is an important parameter to evaluate the quality of cement clinker, it is very significant to predict the change of free calcium oxide content through adjusting the parameters of processing technique. In fact, the making process of cement clinker is very complex. Therefore, it is very difficult to describe this relationship using the conventional mathematical methods. Using several models, i e, linear regression model, nonlinear regression model, Back Propagation neural network model, and Radial Basis Function （RBF） neural network model, we investigated the possibility to predict the free calcium oxide content according to selected parameters of the production process. The results indicate that RBF neural network model can predict the free lime content with the highest precision （1.3%） among all the models.

MicroRNA-9影响涎腺腺样囊性癌侵袭能力的分子机制研究

目的:探讨miR-9对人涎腺腺样囊性癌细胞侵袭的影响及其相关分子机制。方法:检测ACC-2,ACC-M细胞中miR-9表达,构建慢病毒miR-9过表达载体,转染ACC-2,ACC-M肿瘤细胞,实时荧光定量PCR检测细胞中 miR-9的表达水平。Transwell方法检测转染miR-9前后ACC-M细胞侵袭转移能力的变化,Western 免疫印迹检测转染前后ACC-M细胞中基质金属蛋白酶家族蛋白(MMP)及数个肿瘤相关信号通路蛋白的表达情况,采用 SPSS 16.0 软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果:相比于ACC-2,ACC-M细胞中出现了显著的miR-9的表达下调( P <0.01)。携带miR-9的慢病毒转染细胞后均显著提高了2株细胞中miR-9的表达并显著降低了ACC-M细胞的侵袭能力( P <0.01)。同时,转染miR-9后显著降低了MMP-2及MMP-9蛋白表达及AKT蛋白的磷酸化水平。结论:上调miR-9 的表达可显著抑制ACC-M细胞的侵袭能力,其机制可能与AKT信号通路介导的MMP-2,9蛋白的表达下调密切相关。

Sedimentary and geochemical characteristics of the Triassic Chang 7 Member shale in the Southeastern Ordos Basin,Central China

The Ordos Basin is the largest petroliferous basin in China, where the Chang 7 Member shale serves as the major source rock in the basin, with an area of more than 100,000 km^2 So far, sedimentary and geochemical characterizations have rarely been conducted on the shale in shallow(< 1000 m) areas in the southeastern part of the basin, but such characterizations can help identify the genesis of organic-rich shale and promote the prediction and recovery of shale oil. In this paper,several outcrop sections of the Chang 7 Member in the Tongchuan area were observed and sampled, and sedimentary and geochemical characterizations were conducted for the well-outcropped YSC section. The study results show that the Chang7 Member shale is widely distributed laterally with variable thickness. The organic-rich shale is 7-25 m thick in total and exhibits obvious horizontal variation in mineral composition. In the eastern sections, the shale contains organic matter of TypeⅡ_2-Ⅲ and is low in thermal maturity, with high clay mineral content, low K-feldspar content, and no pyrite. In the western sections, the shale contains Type Ⅱ_1 organic matter and is low in thermal maturity, with high clay mineral, K-feldspar, and pyrite contents. The YSC section reveals three obvious intervals in vertical mineral composition and organic abundance.The Chang 7 Member organic-rich shale(TOC > 10%) contains mainly sapropelite and liptinite, with Type Ⅱ kerogen. It is generally characterized by a hydrocarbon potential of more than 70 mg/g, low maturity, and shallow-semideep lacustrine facies. In the western sections, the shale, still in a low maturity stage, has a higher hydrocarbon potential and is optional for shale oil recovery. However, the Chang 7 Member shale in the study area is highly heterogeneous and its shale oil recovery is practical only in the organic-rich intervals.

The petrological characteristics and signif icance of organic-rich shale in the Chang 7 member of the Yanchang Formation,south margin of the Ordos basin,central China

The organic-rich shale of the Chang 7 member is the most important source rock in the Ordos basin.The sedimentary environment and the controlling factors of organic matter enrichment,however,are still in contention.In this investigation,the Yishicun outcrop,located on the south margin of the Ordos basin,has been considered for the study.X-ray diffraction,polarizing microscopy,field emission scanning electron microscopy and cathodoluminescence(CL)were used to investigate the petrological features of the organic-rich shale.The content of volcanic ash and the diameter of pyrite framboid pseudocrystals were measured to illustrate the relationship between oxygen level,ash content and the enrichment of organic matter.It has been found that the diameter of pyrite framboid pseudocrystals has a strong correlation with the total organic carbon,demonstrating that the redox status degree of the water column has a positive impact on the enrichment of organic matter.Additionally,with an increase in the ash content,the content of organic matter increased at first and then decreased,and reached a maximum when the ash content was about 6%,illustrating that the ash input has a double effect on the enrichment of organic matter.

Stimuli-responsive nano-reserveriors drug delivery systems based on inorganic nanoparticles

The convergence of nanotechnology,material science,biology and medicine promotes the rapid development of nano-biomedicine,which plays an important role in relieving the pain of patients and improving the health of human,in particular of cancer therapy.Construction of stimuli-responsive controlled release system for targeted drug delivery to specific cells is essentially important for cancer therapy since most chemotherapeutics are severely toxic[1].During past decades,magnetic nanoparticles（MNPs）and mesoporous silica nanoparticles（MSNs）attracted much attention in the related field,due to their good biocompatibility。

Efficacy of PC-PRL implantation in the treatment of high myopia and its complications

Objective: To study the effect of implantable posterior chamber phakic refractive lens (PC-PRL) in the treatment of high myopia and its effect on naked eye vision and retinal complications. Methods: A total of 110 patients (220 eyes) with high myopia admitted to our hospital from June 2017 to February 2019 were selected as subjects. All patients were treated with PC-PRL implantation. The UCVA, BCVA, intraocular pressure, corneal endothelial cell count and intraocular lens position (anterior chamber depth and arch height) were compared before and after the treatment. Results: 6 months after treatment, 68.18% of patients had UCVA between 0.6 and 0.9, 31.81% of patients had UCVA of more than 1.0, and 100.00% of patients had BCVA of more than1.0. The BCVA and UCVA values of patients at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after operation were significantly greater than those before surgery (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in BCVA and UCVA among 1 week, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after operation (P>0.05). The intraocular pressure was significantly greater than that of the preoperative one week after operation (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the intraocular pressure at 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after operation (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in corneal endothelial cell count and arch height before and after treatment (P>0.05). The depth of anterior chamber at 3 months and 6 months after operation was significantly less than that before operation (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the anterior chamber depth between 3 months and 6 months after operation (P<0.05). There were 7 cases of corneal edema, 4 cases of high pressure eyes, 2 cases of refractive regression within 6 months, and 1 case of near-difficulty within 1 month. The total complication rate was 12.73%. Conclusion: PC-PRL implantation is effective in the treatment of high myopia, which can improve the naked eye and correct vision. At the same time, the incidence of retinal complications is low, which can be promoted and applied clinically.

Effect of TICL implantation on corneal astigmatism and the stability and visual quality after operation

Objective:To explore the effect of TICL implantation on corneal astigmatism,postoperative stability and visual quality.Methods:110 patients(174 eyes)with high myopia and astigmatism who were treated with TICL implantation in our hospital from July 2016 to July 2018 were selected as the research subjects.The follow-up time was 12 months.The changes of UCVA,BCVA,and astigmatism values were used as indicators to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment.The diopter changes of the affected eye at different periods after surgery and the changes in the rotation angle of the intraocular lens axis at different periods after surgery were used as indicators to determine the stability of surgical treatment.Results:The UCVA and BCVA of the affected eyes after operation were significantly higher than those before operation(P<0.05).Compared with pre-operation,the diopter of the affected eyes was significantly reduced after operation(P<0.05);Based on the axial position of the intraocular lens on the first day after surgery,the degree of rotation of the intraocular lens implanted in the affected eyes was significantly reduced(P<0.05);Compared with pre-operation,there was no statistically significant difference in corneal endothelial cell count,intraocular pressure,and arch height after operation.Conclusion:Patients with high myopia and corneal astigmatism received TICL implantation after correction treatment,visual acuity was significantly improved,visual quality was significantly improved,with good postoperative stability,which had good clinical promotion value.

Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles/Magnetic Iron Nanoparticles Based Nanocarriers for Stimuli-Responsive Targeted Tumor Therapy

Construction of stimuli-responsive controlled release system for targeted drug delivery to specific cells is essentially important for cancer therapy since most chemotherapeutics are severely toxic[1].Surface-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles(MNPs)and end-capped mesoporous silica nanoparticles(MSNs)presented themselves as ideal stimuli-responsive carriers for controlled drug and/or gene delivery,owing to their good biocompatibility,

VPS13D affects epileptic seizures by regulating mitochondrial fission and autophagy in epileptic rats

Abnormal mitochondrial dynamics can lead to seizures,and improved mitochon-drial dynamics can alleviate seizures.Vacuolar protein sorting 13D(VPS13D)is closely associ-ated with regulating mitochondrial homeostasis and autophagy.However,further investigation is required to determine whether VPS13D affects seizures by influencing mitochondrial dy-namics and autophagy.We aimed to investigate the influence of VPS13D on behavior in a rat model of acute epileptic seizures.Hence,we established an acute epileptic seizure rat model and employed the CRISPR/CAS9 technology to construct a lentivirus to silence the Vps13d gene.Furthermore,we used the HT22 mouse hippocampal neuron cell line to establish a stable strain with suppressed expression of Vps13d in vitro.Then,we performed quantitative prote-omic and bioinformatics analyses to confirm the mechanism by which VPS13D influences mito-chondrial dynamics and autophagy,both in vitro and in vivo using the experimental acute epileptic seizure model.We found that knockdown of Vps13d resulted in reduced seizure la-tency and increased seizure frequency in the experimental rats.Immunofluorescence staining and western blot analysis revealed a significant increase in mitochondrial dynamin-related pro-tein 1 expression following Vps13d knockdown.Moreover,we observed a significant reduction in LC3Il protein expression levels and the LC31/LC3l ratio(indicators for autophagy)accompa-nied by a significant increase in P62 expression(an autophagy adaptor protein).The proteomic analysis confirmed the up-regulation of P62 protein expression.Therefore,we propose that VPS13D plays a role in modulating seizures by influencing mitochondrial dynamics and autophagy.

Triazole backbone ligand in an unprecedented efficient manganese catalyst for use in transfer hydrogenation

Noble metal catalysts are generally expensive,and thus,abundant 3d metals recently received significant attention as catalysts in catalytic hydrogenation.Mn catalysts are widely applied in transfer hydrogenations,but the reported catalyst loadings remain up to three orders of magnitude higher than noble metals.Thus,catalyst consumption should be overcome before 3d metal catalytic systems may be utilized practically in industry.Here,a catalytic system based on novel,scalable triazole N5-ligands coordinated to Mn is presented for use in transfer hydrogenations.Based on pre-activation via dehydrohalogenation,an unprecedented,efficient catalytic system operating via synergistic H-bond auxiliary activation was established.The Mn catalysts are practical at metal concentrations 0.0001 mol%,generating alcohol with turnover number(TON)up to 857,200,thus approaching loadings more conventionally observed in precious-metal-based systems.Notably,using this protocol,several pharmaceuticals may be easily synthesized in one pot.

一种改进Haar-like特征的车辆识别算法

传统的Haar-like特征算法在特征提取过程中仅对图像全局进行特征提取,忽略了目标敏感区域,易受非目标区域的干扰,导致识别率降低.本文对传统的Haar-like特征提取算法进行了改进,将图像分成三个区域,运用的矩形框模板分别从这三个区域中提取像素值,将其中两个区域的像素值减去两倍的另外一个区域的像素值作为特征值.采用高斯随机测量矩阵对高维度的特征值进行压缩,运用Adaboost分类器训练方法,利用构造好的分类器对压缩后形成的特征空间进行分类识别.实验结果表明,本文的方法不仅减少了分类器所需的训练时间,而且识别性能也优于Haar-like特征、颜色纹理融合等传统算法.

Subdivision and age of the Yanchang Formation and the Middle/Upper Triassic boundary in Ordos Basin, North China

The Yanchang Formation is extensively developed in the Ordos Basin and its surrounding regions. As one of the best terrestrial Triassic sequences in China and the major oil-gas bearing formations in the Ordos Basin, its age determination and stratigraphic assignment are important in geological survey and oil-gas exploration. It had been attributed to the Late Triassic and regarded as the typical representative of the Upper Triassic in northern China for a long time, although some scholars had already proposed that the lower part of this formation should be of the Middle Triassic age in the mid-late 20 th century. In this paper, we suggest that the lower and middle parts of the Yanchang Formation should be of the Ladinian and the bottom possibly belongs to the late Anisian of the Middle Triassic, mainly based on new fossils found in it and high resolution radiometric dating results. The main source rocks, namely the oil shales and mudstones of the Chang-7, are of the Ladinian Age. The upper part of the Yanchang Formation, namely the Chang-6 and the above parts, belongs to the Late Triassic. The uppermost of the Triassic is missed in most parts of the Ordos Basin. The Middle-Upper Triassic Series boundary lies in the Yanchang Formation, equivalent to the boundary between Chang-7 and Chang-6. The Ladinian is an important palaeoenvironmental turning point in the Ordos Basin. Palaeoenvironmental changes in the basin are coincidence with that of the Sichuan Basin and the main tectonic movement of the Qinling Mountains. It indicates that tectonic activities of the Qinling Mountains are related to the big palaeoenvironmental changes in both the Ordos and Sichuan Basins, which are caused by the same structural dynamic system during the Ladinian.

Similitude design for the vibration problems of plates and shells： A review

Similitude design plays a vital role in the analysis of vibration and shock problems encountered in large engineering equipment. Similitude design, including dimensional analysis and governing equation method, is founded on the dynamic similitude theory. This study reviews the application of similitude design methods in engineering practice and summarizes the major achieve- ments of the dynamic similitude theory in structural vibration and shock problems in different fields, including marine structures, civil engineering structures, and large power equipment. This study also reviews the dynamic similitude design methods for thin-walled and composite material plates and shells, including the most recent work published by the authors. Structure sensitivity analysis is used to evaluate the scaling factors to attain accurate distorted scaling laws. Finally, this study discusses the existing problems and the potential of the dynamic similitude theory for the analysis of vibration and shock problems of structures.