Influence of ear tags on the results of body composition analysis in mice

Background:The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of marking meth-ods on the outcomes of body composition analysis and provide guidance for the se-lection of marking methods in mouse body composition analysis.Methods:Male C57BL/6J mice aged 6 weeks were randomly assigned for pre-and post-ear tagging measurements.The body composition of the mice was measured using a small animal body composition analyzer,which provided measurements of the mass of fat,lean,and free fluid.Then,the mass of fat,lean and free fluid to body weight ratio was gained.Further data analysis was conducted to obtain the range and coeffi-cient of variation in body composition measurements for each mouse.The distribution of fat and lean tissue in the mice was also analyzed by comparing the fat-to-lean ratio.Results:(1)The mass of all body composition components in the ear tagging group was significantly lower than that in the control group.(2)There was a significant in-crease in the range and coefficient of variation of body composition measurements between the ear tagging group and the control group.(3)The fat-to-lean ratio in the ear tagging group was significantly lower than that in the control group.Conclusions:Ear tagging significantly lowered the results of body composition analy-sis in mice and higher the results of measurement error.Therefore,ear tagging should be avoided as much as possible when conducting body composition analysis experi-ments in mice.

Physical Activity,Sedentary Behavior,and the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients:The MIDiab Study

The aim of this study was to explore the associations of moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity(MVPA)time and sedentary(SED)time with a history of cardiovascular disease(CVD)and multifactorial(i.e.,blood pressure(BP),body mass index(BMI),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),and glycated hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c))control status among type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)patients in China.A cross-sectional analysis of 9152 people with type 2 diabetes from the Multifactorial Intervention on Type 2 Diabetes(MIDiab)study was performed.Patients were grouped according to their self-reported MVPA time(low,<150 min·week−1;moderate,150 to<450 min·week−1;high,≥450 min·week−1)and SED time(low,<4 h·d–1;moderate,4 to<8 h·d–1;high,≥8 h·d–1).Participants who self-reported a history of CVD were identified as having a CVD risk.Odds ratios(ORs)and 95%confidence intervals(CIs)of CVD risk and multifactorial control status associated with MVPA time and SED time were estimated using mixed-effect logistic regression models,adjusting for China’s geographical region characteristics.The participants had a mean±standard deviation(SD)age of(60.87±8.44)years,44.5%were women,and 25.1%had CVD.After adjustment for potential confounding factors,an inverse association between high MVPA time and CVD risk that was independent of SED time was found,whereas this association was not observed in the moderate-MVPA group.A higher MVPA time was more likely to have a positive effect on the control of BMI.Compared with the reference group(i.e.,those with MVPA time≥450 min·week−1 and SED time<4 h·d–1),CVD risk was higher in the low-MVPA group:The OR associated with an SED time<4 h·d–1 was 1.270(95%CI,1.040–1.553)and that associated with an SED time≥8 h·d–1 was 1.499(95%CI,1.149–1.955).We found that a high MVPA time(i.e.,≥450 min·week−1)was associated with lower odds of CVD risk regardless of SED time among patients with T2DM.

2016 Chinese expert consensus and guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma

The incidence of papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC)has exponentially increased in recent years.Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma(PTMC)accounts for the majority of the reported cases of PTC.The debates and crucial issues in PTMC management have received researchers'attention.To further improve the clinical management of PTMC in China,

2017 Chinese expert consensus on the clinical application ofserum marker for thyroid cancer

In recent years, the clinical incidence of thyroid cancer has been increasing year by year, and its risk assessment and clinical management methods have also been accordingly modified and constantly improved. There are great differences between the clinical diagnostic and therapeutic modes and disease management of thyroid cancer employed by various medical institutions in China, particularly with regard to the clinical application of serum marker of thyroid cancer. To this end, the China Anti-Cancer Association Thyroid Cancer Specialized Committee Chinese Association of Thyroid Oncology organized this compilation of ExpertConsensus on Clinical Application of Serum Marker of Thyroid Cancer to help and impel relevant clinical institutions and professionals to standardize clinical diagnosis, treatment, and long-term management of thyroid cancer, and to properly utilize the serum marker for scientific auxiliary clinical diagnosis and assessment of thyroid cancer before and after operation.

A comprehensive profile of TCF1^(+)progenitor and TCF1−terminally exhausted PD-1^(+)CD8^(+)T cells in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma:implications for prognosis and immunotherapy

The heterogeneity of exhausted T cells(Tex)is a critical determinant of immune checkpoint blockade therapy efficacy.However,few studies have explored exhausted T cell subpopulations in human cancers.In the present study,we examined samples from two cohorts of 175 patients with head and neck squamous cell cancer(HNSCC)by multiplex immunohistochemistry(mIHC)to investigate two subsets of Tex,CD8+PD1+TCF1+progenitor exhausted T cells(TCF1+Texprog)and CD8+PD1+TCF1−terminally exhausted T cells(TCF1−Texterm).Moreover,fresh tumor samples from 34 patients with HNSCC were examined by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry to further investigate their properties and cytotoxic capabilities and their correlation with regulatory T cells(Tregs)in the tumor immune microenvironment(TIME).mIHC and flow cytometry analysis showed that TCF1−Texterm represented a greater proportion of CD8+PD1+Tex than TCF1+Texprog in most patients.TCF1+Texprog produced abundant TNFα,while TCF1−Texterm expressed higher levels of CD103,TIM-3,CTLA-4,and TIGIT.TCF1−Texterm exhibited a polyfunctional TNFα+GZMB+IFNγ+phenotype;and were associated with better overall survival and recurrence-free survival.The results also indicated that larger proportions of TCF1−Texterm were accompanied by an increase in the proportion of Tregs.Therefore,it was concluded that TCF1−Texterm was the major CD8+PD1+Tex subset in the HNSCC TIME and that these cells favor patient survival.A high proportion of TCF1−Texterm was associated with greater Treg abundance.

门冬胰岛素30注射液治疗2型糖尿病的疗效及安全性比较:多中心、随机、开放、平行对照Ⅲ期临床研究

目的探讨门冬胰岛素30注射液锐舒霖®30和诺和锐®30治疗2型糖尿病的疗效及安全性。方法本研究为多中心、随机、开放、平行、阳性药物对照Ⅲ期临床研究。纳入2018年10月10日至2021年1月5日来自国内35家研究中心口服药治疗血糖控制不佳的2型糖尿病患者,按照3∶1的比例根据区组随机方法分配至锐舒霖®30组和诺和锐®30组。治疗24周后,比较2组受试者治疗前后糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、空腹血糖(FPG)、标准餐后2 h静脉血糖(2hPG)的变化,以及低血糖事件和不良事件发生率、门冬胰岛素特异性抗体阳性率。有效性指标分析采用全分析集和符合方案集,安全性指标分析采用安全性数据集。组内比较采用配对t检验,组间比较采用独立样本t检验、χ2检验或Wilcoxon秩和检验。结果本研究共纳入受试者588例,完全符合方案病例528例(锐舒霖®30组395例,诺和锐®30组133例),全分析集和安全性数据集583例(锐舒霖®30组439例,诺和锐®30组144例),符合方案集515例(锐舒霖®30组386例,诺和锐®30组129例)。经过24周治疗后,锐舒霖®30组和诺和锐®30组的HbA1c分别下降1.73%±1.27%和1.77%±1.40%,FPG分别下降(2.34±2.69)和(2.68±2.84)mmol/L,2hPG分别下降(4.37±4.59)和(4.81±4.43)mmol/L,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗24周时,锐舒霖®30组和诺和锐®30组低血糖事件的发生率[分别为74.3%(326/439)和68.1%(98/144)]、不良事件发生率[分别为68.1%(299/439)和66.7%(96/144)]与门冬胰岛素特异性抗体阳性率[分别为51.9%(228/439)和50.7%(73/144)]相近,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论锐舒霖®30和诺和锐®30控制血糖的总体疗效相当,具有良好的安全性,在临床上有应用价值。