BACKGROUND Kidney transplantation is the best option for patients with end-stage renal disease.However,the need for lifelong immunosuppression results in renal transplant recipients being susceptible to various infect...BACKGROUND Kidney transplantation is the best option for patients with end-stage renal disease.However,the need for lifelong immunosuppression results in renal transplant recipients being susceptible to various infections.Rhodococcus equi(R.equi)is a rare opportunistic pathogen in humans,and there are limited reports of infection with R.equi in post-renal transplant recipients and no uniform standard of treat-ment.This article reports on the diagnosis and treatment of a renal transplant recipient infected with R.equi 21 mo postoperatively and summarizes the charac-teristics of infection with R.equi after renal transplantation,along with a detailed review of the literature.Here,we present the case of a 25-year-old man who was infected with R.equi 21 mo after renal transplantation.Although the clinical features at the time of presentation were not specific,chest computed tomography(CT)showed a large volume of pus in the right thoracic cavity and right middle lung atelectasis,and fiberoptic bronchoscopy showed an endobronchial mass in the right middle and lower lobe orifices.Bacterial culture and metagenomic next-generation sequen-cing sequencing of the pus were suggestive of R.equi infection.The immunosup-pressive drugs were immediately suspended and intravenous vancomycin and azithromycin were administered,along with adequate drainage of the abscess.The endobronchial mass was then resected.After the patient’s clinical symptoms and chest CT presentation resolved,he was switched to intravenous ciprofloxacin and azithromycin,followed by oral ciprofloxacin and azithromycin.The patient was re-hospitalized 2 wk after discharge for recurrence of R.equi infection.He recovered after another round of adequate abscess drainage and intravenous ciprofloxacin and azithromycin.CONCLUSION Infection with R.equi in renal transplant recipients is rare and complex,and the clinical presentation lacks specificity.Elaborate antibiotic therapy is required,and adequate abscess drainage and surgical excision are necessary.Given the recurrent nature of R.equi,patients need to be followed-up closely.展开更多
目的探讨迷走神经刺激术治疗难治性癫痫的临床效果及对认知功能的影响。方法选取经迷走神经刺激术治疗的难治性癫痫患者12例,根据McHugh评级标准对术前1个月、术后第3、6、9、12个月评估治疗效果,瑞文推理测验评估智商,简单精神状态检...目的探讨迷走神经刺激术治疗难治性癫痫的临床效果及对认知功能的影响。方法选取经迷走神经刺激术治疗的难治性癫痫患者12例,根据McHugh评级标准对术前1个月、术后第3、6、9、12个月评估治疗效果,瑞文推理测验评估智商,简单精神状态检查量表(mini-mental state examination,MMSE),蒙特利尔知识量表北京版(Montreal cognitive assessment,MoCA)评估认知功能水平。结果随治疗时间延长,发作频率逐渐减少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后3个月发作缓解率大于50%以上占33.3%,术后6个月发作缓解率大于50%以上占66.7%,术后9个月发作缓解率大于50%以上占75.0%,术后12个月发作缓解率大于50%以上占83.33%。术后12个月智商、MMSE评分、MoCA北京版评分均高于术前1个月,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论迷走神经刺激术治疗难治性癫痫安全、有效,不仅可以降低患者癫痫发作频率,并且可以提高癫痫患者的智商水平及认知能力。展开更多
In this study, biotinylated dextran amine （BDA） was microinjected into the left cortical motor area of the canine brain. Fluorescence microscopy results showed that a large amount of BDA-labeled pyramidal cells were...In this study, biotinylated dextran amine （BDA） was microinjected into the left cortical motor area of the canine brain. Fluorescence microscopy results showed that a large amount of BDA-labeled pyramidal cells were visible in the left cortical motor area after injection. In the left medulla oblongata, the BDA-labeled corticospinal tract was evenly distributed, with green fluorescence that had a clear boundary with the surrounding tissue. The BDA-positive corticospinal tract entered into the right lateral funiculus of the spinal cord and descended into the posterior part of the right lateral funiculus, close to the posterior horn, from cervical to sacral segments. There was a small amount of green fluorescence in the sacral segment. The distribution of BDA labeling in the canine central nervous system was consistent with the course of the corticospinal tract. Fluorescence labeling for BDA gradually diminished with time after injection. Our findings indicate that the BDA anterograde tracing technique can be used to visualize the localization and trajectory of the corticospinal tract in the canine central nervous system.展开更多
基金Supported by Science and Technology Project of Guizhou Province,No.ZK[2023]380.
文摘BACKGROUND Kidney transplantation is the best option for patients with end-stage renal disease.However,the need for lifelong immunosuppression results in renal transplant recipients being susceptible to various infections.Rhodococcus equi(R.equi)is a rare opportunistic pathogen in humans,and there are limited reports of infection with R.equi in post-renal transplant recipients and no uniform standard of treat-ment.This article reports on the diagnosis and treatment of a renal transplant recipient infected with R.equi 21 mo postoperatively and summarizes the charac-teristics of infection with R.equi after renal transplantation,along with a detailed review of the literature.Here,we present the case of a 25-year-old man who was infected with R.equi 21 mo after renal transplantation.Although the clinical features at the time of presentation were not specific,chest computed tomography(CT)showed a large volume of pus in the right thoracic cavity and right middle lung atelectasis,and fiberoptic bronchoscopy showed an endobronchial mass in the right middle and lower lobe orifices.Bacterial culture and metagenomic next-generation sequen-cing sequencing of the pus were suggestive of R.equi infection.The immunosup-pressive drugs were immediately suspended and intravenous vancomycin and azithromycin were administered,along with adequate drainage of the abscess.The endobronchial mass was then resected.After the patient’s clinical symptoms and chest CT presentation resolved,he was switched to intravenous ciprofloxacin and azithromycin,followed by oral ciprofloxacin and azithromycin.The patient was re-hospitalized 2 wk after discharge for recurrence of R.equi infection.He recovered after another round of adequate abscess drainage and intravenous ciprofloxacin and azithromycin.CONCLUSION Infection with R.equi in renal transplant recipients is rare and complex,and the clinical presentation lacks specificity.Elaborate antibiotic therapy is required,and adequate abscess drainage and surgical excision are necessary.Given the recurrent nature of R.equi,patients need to be followed-up closely.
文摘目的探讨迷走神经刺激术治疗难治性癫痫的临床效果及对认知功能的影响。方法选取经迷走神经刺激术治疗的难治性癫痫患者12例,根据McHugh评级标准对术前1个月、术后第3、6、9、12个月评估治疗效果,瑞文推理测验评估智商,简单精神状态检查量表(mini-mental state examination,MMSE),蒙特利尔知识量表北京版(Montreal cognitive assessment,MoCA)评估认知功能水平。结果随治疗时间延长,发作频率逐渐减少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后3个月发作缓解率大于50%以上占33.3%,术后6个月发作缓解率大于50%以上占66.7%,术后9个月发作缓解率大于50%以上占75.0%,术后12个月发作缓解率大于50%以上占83.33%。术后12个月智商、MMSE评分、MoCA北京版评分均高于术前1个月,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论迷走神经刺激术治疗难治性癫痫安全、有效,不仅可以降低患者癫痫发作频率,并且可以提高癫痫患者的智商水平及认知能力。
基金Fsupported by the Priority Academic Development Program of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
文摘In this study, biotinylated dextran amine （BDA） was microinjected into the left cortical motor area of the canine brain. Fluorescence microscopy results showed that a large amount of BDA-labeled pyramidal cells were visible in the left cortical motor area after injection. In the left medulla oblongata, the BDA-labeled corticospinal tract was evenly distributed, with green fluorescence that had a clear boundary with the surrounding tissue. The BDA-positive corticospinal tract entered into the right lateral funiculus of the spinal cord and descended into the posterior part of the right lateral funiculus, close to the posterior horn, from cervical to sacral segments. There was a small amount of green fluorescence in the sacral segment. The distribution of BDA labeling in the canine central nervous system was consistent with the course of the corticospinal tract. Fluorescence labeling for BDA gradually diminished with time after injection. Our findings indicate that the BDA anterograde tracing technique can be used to visualize the localization and trajectory of the corticospinal tract in the canine central nervous system.
