Lipidomic and transcriptomic analysis reveals reallocation of carbon flux from cuticular wax into plastid membrane lipids in a glossy“Newhall”navel orange mutant

Both cuticle and membrane lipids play essential roles in quality maintenance and disease resistance in fresh fruits.Many reports have indicated the modification of alternative branch pathways in epicuticular wax mutants;however,the specific alterations concerning lipids have not been clarified thus far.Here,we conducted a comprehensive,timeresolved lipidomic,and transcriptomic analysis on the“Newhall”navel orange(WT)and its glossy mutant(MT)“Gannan No.1”.The results revealed severely suppressed wax formation accompanied by significantly elevated production of 36-carbon plastid lipids with increasing fruit maturation in MT.Transcriptomics analysis further identified a series of key functional enzymes and transcription factors putatively involved in the biosynthesis pathways of wax and membrane lipids.Moreover,the high accumulation of jasmonic acid(JA)in MT was possibly due to the need to maintain plastid lipid homeostasis,as the expression levels of two significantly upregulated lipases(CsDAD1 and CsDALL2)were positively correlated with plastid lipids and characterized to hydrolyze plastid lipids to increase the JA content.Our results will provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the natural variation of plant lipids to lay a foundation for the quality improvement of citrus fruit.

Built‑In Electric Field‑Driven Ultrahigh‑Rate K‑Ion Storage via Heterostructure Engineering of Dual Tellurides Integrated with Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene

Exploiting high-rate anode materials with fast K+diffusion is intriguing for the development of advanced potassium-ion batteries(KIBs)but remains unrealized.Here,heterostructure engineering is proposed to construct the dual transition metal tellurides(CoTe_(2)/ZnTe),which are anchored onto two-dimensional(2D)Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene nanosheets.Various theoretical modeling and experimental findings reveal that heterostructure engineering can regulate the electronic structures of CoTe_(2)/ZnTe interfaces,improving K+diffusion and adsorption.In addition,the different work functions between CoTe_(2)/ZnTe induce a robust built-in electric field at the CoTe_(2)/ZnTe interface,providing a strong driving force to facilitate charge transport.Moreover,the conductive and elastic Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)can effectively promote electrode conductivity and alleviate the volume change of CoTe_(2)/ZnTe heterostructures upon cycling.Owing to these merits,the resulting CoTe_(2)/ZnTe/Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)(CZT)exhibit excellent rate capability(137.0 mAh g^(-1)at 10 A g^(-1))and cycling stability(175.3 mAh g^(-1)after 4000 cycles at 3.0 A g^(-1),with a high capacity retention of 89.4%).More impressively,the CZT-based full cells demonstrate high energy density(220.2 Wh kg^(-1))and power density(837.2 W kg^(-1)).This work provides a general and effective strategy by integrating heterostructure engineering and 2D material nanocompositing for designing advanced high-rate anode materials for next-generation KIBs.

云南省CPI序列的分析与预测--基于SARIMA模型

本文以云南省为例,运用近20年来的月度数据对CPI进行建模预测。分析表明,CPI数据呈现周期为12的季节性;文章通过建立季节性ARIMA模型,预测2016年第二季度云南省CPI将在第一季度的基础上逐渐上升,且能够保持在稳定增长的范围内。

Long-Lasting Filtration of Oily Water by Anti-Fouling Underwater Oleophobic Sand Particles

The produced water from the oilfield was purified with filter material and then injected back into the ground.The serpentine filter material was easy to harden with the increase in filtration amount,which affected the water quality.A superhydrophilic/underwater oleophobic serpentine filter material was successfully prepared by a simple method of coating modification,which exhibited long-lasting filtration of oily water,good filtration and anti-fouling properties,and resistance to harden.The film-forming material of the superhydrophilic/underwater oleophobic coating was composed of SiO_(2) particles with small size,which could completely and evenly cover the filter particle.The weight loss was only 7.6%after mechanical stirring for 90 min.Compared with the original filter material,the superhydrophilic/underwater oleophobic serpentine filter material showed a better anti-fouling ability and resistance to harden.The filtration of crude oil emulsion and oil slick sewage showed a better backwashing performance.After 35 cycles of continuous filtration of suspended solids in wastewater,the backwashing rate reached 78.4%.The results provided an effective method for the filtration of oily wastewater in the oilfield.

Coupling phase field with creep damage to study γ’evolution and creep deformation of single crystal superalloys

A phase-field model coupling with elastoplastic de fo rmation and creep damage has been built to study the micro structural evolution and deformation behavior for Ni-Al single crystal alloy during the whole creep processing.The relevant experiments were conducted to verify the model validity.The simulation re sults show that under the tensile creep at 1223 K/100 MPa,cubic γ’phases coarsen along the direction parallel to the axis of tensile stress during the first two creep stages;and spindle-shaped and wavy γ’phases are fo rmed during tertiary creep,similar to the experimental results.The evolution mechanism of γ’phases is analyzed from the perspective of changes of stress and strain fields.The"is land-like"γ phase is observed and its formation mechanism is discussed.With the increase of creep stress,the directional coarsening of γ’phase is accelerated,the steady-state creep rate is increased and the creep life is decreased.The comparison between simulated and experimental creep curves shows that this phase-field model can effectively simulate the performance changes during the first two creep stages and predict the influence of creep stresses on creep properties.Our work provides a potential approach to synchronously simulate the creep microstructure and property of superalloys strengthened by γ’precipitates.

White light interferometry with spectral-temporal demodulation for large-range thickness measurement

Film thickness measurement can be realized using white light interferometry,but it is challenging to guarantee high precision in a large range of thicknesses.Based on scanning white light interferometry,we propose a spectral-temporal demodulation scheme for large-range thickness measurement.The demodulation process remains unchanged for either coatings or substrate-free films,while some adjustments are made according to the estimated optical thickness.Experiments show that the single-point repeatabilities for 500 nm SiO_(2) coating and 68μm substrate-free Si film are no more than 0.70 nm and 1.22 nm,respectively.This method can be further developed for simultaneous measurement of surface profile and film thickness.

High-efficiency Joining of C_f/Al Composites and TiAl Alloys under the Heat Effect of Laser-ignited Self-propagating High-temperature Synthesis

The aim of this study was to develop a high-efficiency joining method of Cf/Al composites and TiA l alloys under the heat effect of laser-ignited self-propagating high-temperature synthesis（SHS）. The SHS reaction of Ni–Al–Zr interlayer was induced by laser beam and acted as local high-temperature heat source during the joining. Sound joint was obtained and verified the feasibility of this joining method. Effect of filler metals on the joint microstructure and shear strength was evaluated. When the joining pressure was 2 MPa with additive filler metals, joint shear strength reached the maximum of 41.01 MPa.

A serologic investigation of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus in China between 2014 and 2019

Epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus(EHDV)is a member of the genus Orbivirus,family Sedoreoviridae.It was firstly recognized in 1955 to cause a highly fatal disease of wild white-tailed deer in America.So far,EHDV was detected and isolated in many wild or domestic ruminants,and widely distributed all over the world.Although the domestic cattle and sheep infected by EHDV were usually asymptomatic or subclinical,several outbreaks of epizootic hemorrhagic disease(EHD)in deer and cattle had been reported.Many EHDV strains were isolated and sequenced in last two decades in China,which promoted a general serologic investigation of EHDV in China.In this study,18,122 sera were collected from asymptomatic or subclinical domestic ruminants(cattle,cow,yaks,sheep,goats,and deer)in 116 regions belonging to 15 provinces in China.All the sera were tested by EHDV CELISA,and the results were obtained by big data analysis.EHDV infections were detected in the 14 of 15provinces,and only Tibet(average altitude≥4000 m)which was the highest province in China was free of EHDV.The numbers of seropositive collections in both bovine and goat/sheep were in an inverse proportion to the latitude.However,the seropositive rates in bovine were ranged from 0%to 100%,while the seropositive rates in goat/sheep were no more than 50%.The results suggested that bovine was obviously more susceptive for EHDV infection than goat and sheep,therefore might be a major reservoir of EHDV in China.The prevalence of EHDV was consistent with the distribution of Culicoides which were known as the sole insect vectors of EHDV.In particular,the seropositive rates of EHDV were very high in the southern provinces,which required the enhanced surveillance in the future.

内皮功能、炎症、神经系统退行性疾病的生物标志物与小动脉硬化型CSVD的关联

脑小血管病(CSVD)是导致老年人痴呆的主要原因,目前研究发现部分内皮功能、炎症、神经系统退变疾病的生物标志物与小动脉硬化型CSVD存在关联,可能对CSVD的发病有提示意义。本综述对这些生物标志物进行总结,以期理解CSVD的发病机制,为其早期诊断和治疗提供思路。

Transcription factor CsESE3 positively modulates both jasmonic acid and wax biosynthesis in citrus

PLIP lipases can initiate jasmonic acid(JA)biosynthesis.However,little is known about the transcriptional regulation of this process.In this study,an ERF transcription factor(CsESE3)was found to be co-expressed with all necessary genes for JA biosynthesis and several key genes for wax biosynthesis in transcriptomes of‘Newhall’navel orange.CsESE3 shows partial sequence similarity to the well-known wax regulator SHINEs(SHNs),but lacks a complete MM protein domain.Ectopic overexpression of CsESE3 in tomato(OE)resulted in reduction of fruit surface brightness and dwarf phenotype compared to the wild type.The OE tomato lines also showed significant increases in the content of wax and JA and the expression of key genes related to their biosynthesis.Overexpression of CsESE3 in citrus callus and fruit enhanced the JA content and the expression of JA biosynthetic genes.Furthermore,CsESE3 could bind to and activate the promoters of two phospholipases from the PLIP gene family to initiate JA biosynthesis.Overall,this study indicated that CsESE3 could mediate JA biosynthesis by activating PLIP genes and positively modulate wax biosynthesis.The findings provide important insights into the coordinated control of two defense strategies of plants represented by wax and JA biosynthesis.