地震救援现场建筑结构评估是施行生命搜救作业的前提,也是进行安全施救的保障。基于SLAM(Simultaneous localization and mapping,即时定位与地图构建)技术的移动式三维激光扫描仪具有体积小、重量轻、可多平台搭载移动作业等多种优点,...地震救援现场建筑结构评估是施行生命搜救作业的前提,也是进行安全施救的保障。基于SLAM(Simultaneous localization and mapping,即时定位与地图构建)技术的移动式三维激光扫描仪具有体积小、重量轻、可多平台搭载移动作业等多种优点,其“所见即所得”的特点为进行地震救援现场建筑物结构安全评估提供了便利。本文以“应急使命·2023”演习场地和2023年12月18日甘肃积石山6.2级地震现场为例,对移动式三维激光扫描仪在地震救援中的应用进行验证。通过移动式三维激光扫描仪对救援场地进行扫描,获取点云数据开展建模,并对场地的分区布局、建筑类型、建筑结构等特征数据进行提取,在此基础上进行建筑物结构安全评估工作。结果表明基于SLAM技术的移动式三维激光扫描仪具有易于携带、操作简单、作业高效、测量精度高的特点,为地震救援现场开展现场评估工作提供了新的技术方法,具有良好的应用前景。展开更多
Gobi spans a large area of China,surpassing the combined expanse of mobile dunes and semi-fixed dunes.Its presence significantly influences the movement of sand and dust.However,the complex origins and diverse materia...Gobi spans a large area of China,surpassing the combined expanse of mobile dunes and semi-fixed dunes.Its presence significantly influences the movement of sand and dust.However,the complex origins and diverse materials constituting the Gobi result in notable differences in saltation processes across various Gobi surfaces.It is challenging to describe these processes according to a uniform morphology.Therefore,it becomes imperative to articulate surface characteristics through parameters such as the three-dimensional(3D)size and shape of gravel.Collecting morphology information for Gobi gravels is essential for studying its genesis and sand saltation.To enhance the efficiency and information yield of gravel parameter measurements,this study conducted field experiments in the Gobi region across Dunhuang City,Guazhou County,and Yumen City(administrated by Jiuquan City),Gansu Province,China in March 2023.A research framework and methodology for measuring 3D parameters of gravel using point cloud were developed,alongside improved calculation formulas for 3D parameters including gravel grain size,volume,flatness,roundness,sphericity,and equivalent grain size.Leveraging multi-view geometry technology for 3D reconstruction allowed for establishing an optimal data acquisition scheme characterized by high point cloud reconstruction efficiency and clear quality.Additionally,the proposed methodology incorporated point cloud clustering,segmentation,and filtering techniques to isolate individual gravel point clouds.Advanced point cloud algorithms,including the Oriented Bounding Box(OBB),point cloud slicing method,and point cloud triangulation,were then deployed to calculate the 3D parameters of individual gravels.These systematic processes allow precise and detailed characterization of individual gravels.For gravel grain size and volume,the correlation coefficients between point cloud and manual measurements all exceeded 0.9000,confirming the feasibility of the proposed methodology for measuring 3D parameters of individual gravels.The proposed workflow yields accurate calculations of relevant parameters for Gobi gravels,providing essential data support for subsequent studies on Gobi environments.展开更多
文摘地震救援现场建筑结构评估是施行生命搜救作业的前提,也是进行安全施救的保障。基于SLAM(Simultaneous localization and mapping,即时定位与地图构建)技术的移动式三维激光扫描仪具有体积小、重量轻、可多平台搭载移动作业等多种优点,其“所见即所得”的特点为进行地震救援现场建筑物结构安全评估提供了便利。本文以“应急使命·2023”演习场地和2023年12月18日甘肃积石山6.2级地震现场为例,对移动式三维激光扫描仪在地震救援中的应用进行验证。通过移动式三维激光扫描仪对救援场地进行扫描,获取点云数据开展建模,并对场地的分区布局、建筑类型、建筑结构等特征数据进行提取,在此基础上进行建筑物结构安全评估工作。结果表明基于SLAM技术的移动式三维激光扫描仪具有易于携带、操作简单、作业高效、测量精度高的特点,为地震救援现场开展现场评估工作提供了新的技术方法,具有良好的应用前景。
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42071014).
文摘Gobi spans a large area of China,surpassing the combined expanse of mobile dunes and semi-fixed dunes.Its presence significantly influences the movement of sand and dust.However,the complex origins and diverse materials constituting the Gobi result in notable differences in saltation processes across various Gobi surfaces.It is challenging to describe these processes according to a uniform morphology.Therefore,it becomes imperative to articulate surface characteristics through parameters such as the three-dimensional(3D)size and shape of gravel.Collecting morphology information for Gobi gravels is essential for studying its genesis and sand saltation.To enhance the efficiency and information yield of gravel parameter measurements,this study conducted field experiments in the Gobi region across Dunhuang City,Guazhou County,and Yumen City(administrated by Jiuquan City),Gansu Province,China in March 2023.A research framework and methodology for measuring 3D parameters of gravel using point cloud were developed,alongside improved calculation formulas for 3D parameters including gravel grain size,volume,flatness,roundness,sphericity,and equivalent grain size.Leveraging multi-view geometry technology for 3D reconstruction allowed for establishing an optimal data acquisition scheme characterized by high point cloud reconstruction efficiency and clear quality.Additionally,the proposed methodology incorporated point cloud clustering,segmentation,and filtering techniques to isolate individual gravel point clouds.Advanced point cloud algorithms,including the Oriented Bounding Box(OBB),point cloud slicing method,and point cloud triangulation,were then deployed to calculate the 3D parameters of individual gravels.These systematic processes allow precise and detailed characterization of individual gravels.For gravel grain size and volume,the correlation coefficients between point cloud and manual measurements all exceeded 0.9000,confirming the feasibility of the proposed methodology for measuring 3D parameters of individual gravels.The proposed workflow yields accurate calculations of relevant parameters for Gobi gravels,providing essential data support for subsequent studies on Gobi environments.
