为探究黄土高原植被恢复形成各群落生态系统功能权衡关系,本研究以植被恢复形成的灌木、自然草地、撂荒草地及乔木群落为对象,采用均方根偏差法(Root mean square deviation,RMSD)研究了生物量生产、土壤含水量、土壤养分含量、物种多样...为探究黄土高原植被恢复形成各群落生态系统功能权衡关系,本研究以植被恢复形成的灌木、自然草地、撂荒草地及乔木群落为对象,采用均方根偏差法(Root mean square deviation,RMSD)研究了生物量生产、土壤含水量、土壤养分含量、物种多样性4种生态系统功能差异及其权衡关系。结果表明:各植被类型间生态系统功能差异显著;各植被类型最高权衡均出现在生物量与其他生态系统功能间,RMSD在0.27~0.53间变化;乔木群落生态系统功能严重失衡,需要降低生物量促进各功能协调发展;灌木群落和自然草地群落生态系统功能中度失衡,是较为适合该区域的植被恢复的类型,两种群落分别需要改善土壤养分含量和土壤含水量;撂荒草地失衡程度最轻但生态系统功能低下,需要提升物种多样性及生物量。研究结果为黄土高原植被恢复调控与可持续发展提供依据。展开更多
In recent decades,the spatio-temporal patterns of China’s croplands have been reshaped by disturbances from anthropogenic activities,with complex changes in the topographic characteristics of croplands.Slope-climbing...In recent decades,the spatio-temporal patterns of China’s croplands have been reshaped by disturbances from anthropogenic activities,with complex changes in the topographic characteristics of croplands.Slope-climbing of croplands(SCCL)is an important issue that threatens sustainable agricultural development.While providing land with prominent location advantages,SCCL weakens the water and fertilizer retention capacity for cropland,intensifies various geological disasters,and adversely affects the ecological environment and food yield of these croplands.It is crucial to determine the spatio-temporal variation features and effects of SCCL in China to formulate more accurate cropland protection policies and to maintain food security;however,the current lack of relevant studies is detrimental for capturing trends in cropland resources and sustainable cropland use.In this study,we constructed a multi-scale slope spectrum for cropland and total terrain to explore the spatial differences and trends of SCCL from a three-dimensional view.We evaluated the natural and socioeconomic effects of SCCL in China from multiple perspectives.Results indicate that the proportion of cropland with slopes below 2°,5°,and 6°in China decreased by 0.43%,0.47%,and 0.50%from 1980 to 2020,respectively.SCCL became apparent during 1980-1990 and 2010-2020,especially over the recent decade.The cropland climbing index(CCI)and upper limited slope change(ULSC)to measure the spatio-temporal pattern of SCCL were 0.99%and 1.17°,respectively,during 2010-2020.At the agricultural regional scale,the SCCL was also concentrated in 1980-1990 and 2010-2020,and it is more pronounced in the southern areas.The proportion of provinces and prefecture-level cities with high-intensity SCCL during 1980-2020 were 87.10%and 49.73%,respectively.SCCL was comparatively more pronounced and broader from 2010 to 2020.During this period,17.84%of prefecture-level cities had no SCCL,and the average CCI for all prefecture-level cities peaked at 1.62%.In this study,we also evaluated the pros and cons of SCCL and provided targeted suggestions for decision makers and farmers to refine cropland protection policy systems and further develop the sustainable use of croplands.展开更多
文摘为探究黄土高原植被恢复形成各群落生态系统功能权衡关系,本研究以植被恢复形成的灌木、自然草地、撂荒草地及乔木群落为对象,采用均方根偏差法(Root mean square deviation,RMSD)研究了生物量生产、土壤含水量、土壤养分含量、物种多样性4种生态系统功能差异及其权衡关系。结果表明:各植被类型间生态系统功能差异显著;各植被类型最高权衡均出现在生物量与其他生态系统功能间,RMSD在0.27~0.53间变化;乔木群落生态系统功能严重失衡,需要降低生物量促进各功能协调发展;灌木群落和自然草地群落生态系统功能中度失衡,是较为适合该区域的植被恢复的类型,两种群落分别需要改善土壤养分含量和土壤含水量;撂荒草地失衡程度最轻但生态系统功能低下,需要提升物种多样性及生物量。研究结果为黄土高原植被恢复调控与可持续发展提供依据。
基金This research was supported in part by grants from the Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42371258 and 42001187)The project was also supported by the Key Laboratory of Natural Resources Monitoring and Supervision in Southern Hilly Region,Ministry of Natural Resources(NRMSSHR2023Y02)Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plateau Geographic Processes and Environmental Changes,Faculty of Geography,Yunnan Normal University(PGPEC2304).
文摘In recent decades,the spatio-temporal patterns of China’s croplands have been reshaped by disturbances from anthropogenic activities,with complex changes in the topographic characteristics of croplands.Slope-climbing of croplands(SCCL)is an important issue that threatens sustainable agricultural development.While providing land with prominent location advantages,SCCL weakens the water and fertilizer retention capacity for cropland,intensifies various geological disasters,and adversely affects the ecological environment and food yield of these croplands.It is crucial to determine the spatio-temporal variation features and effects of SCCL in China to formulate more accurate cropland protection policies and to maintain food security;however,the current lack of relevant studies is detrimental for capturing trends in cropland resources and sustainable cropland use.In this study,we constructed a multi-scale slope spectrum for cropland and total terrain to explore the spatial differences and trends of SCCL from a three-dimensional view.We evaluated the natural and socioeconomic effects of SCCL in China from multiple perspectives.Results indicate that the proportion of cropland with slopes below 2°,5°,and 6°in China decreased by 0.43%,0.47%,and 0.50%from 1980 to 2020,respectively.SCCL became apparent during 1980-1990 and 2010-2020,especially over the recent decade.The cropland climbing index(CCI)and upper limited slope change(ULSC)to measure the spatio-temporal pattern of SCCL were 0.99%and 1.17°,respectively,during 2010-2020.At the agricultural regional scale,the SCCL was also concentrated in 1980-1990 and 2010-2020,and it is more pronounced in the southern areas.The proportion of provinces and prefecture-level cities with high-intensity SCCL during 1980-2020 were 87.10%and 49.73%,respectively.SCCL was comparatively more pronounced and broader from 2010 to 2020.During this period,17.84%of prefecture-level cities had no SCCL,and the average CCI for all prefecture-level cities peaked at 1.62%.In this study,we also evaluated the pros and cons of SCCL and provided targeted suggestions for decision makers and farmers to refine cropland protection policy systems and further develop the sustainable use of croplands.
