托卡马克等离子体破裂会产生逃逸电流,如不进行抑制,其携带的巨大能量将对设备造成严重破坏。本文使用DREAM程序中的流体模型,基于中国环流器二号M(HL-2M)托卡马克装置大等离子体电流放电条件,研究注入氘氩/氖混合气体对破裂逃逸电流的...托卡马克等离子体破裂会产生逃逸电流,如不进行抑制,其携带的巨大能量将对设备造成严重破坏。本文使用DREAM程序中的流体模型,基于中国环流器二号M(HL-2M)托卡马克装置大等离子体电流放电条件,研究注入氘氩/氖混合气体对破裂逃逸电流的影响。研究表明:注入氘氩/氖混合气体可以抑制最终形成的平台逃逸电流。在讨论的破裂前等离子体电流I_(p)范围内,最优条件下氩/氖在混合气体中的含量应在0.50%~0.70%,氘的注入量应在10^(20)~10^(21)m^(-3)。在这个范围外,氘氩/氖混合气体注入对逃逸电流的抑制效果都会减弱,甚至会增大逃逸电流。破裂前等离子体电流I_(p)是影响逃逸电流的关键因素。I_(p)越大,形成的逃逸电流越大,也需要注入更多的混合气体。在I_(p)高达10 MA的聚变堆级托卡马克装置上,注入混合气体的密度需要达到10^(22)m^(-3),这是目前大量气体注入(Massive Gas Injection,MGI)技术所不能达到的,通过散裂弹丸注入氘氩/氖混合物将是更加可行的方式。展开更多
离子回旋射频(Ion Cyclotron Range of Frequencies,ICRF)波加热是托卡马克装置上至关重要的辅助加热方式之一。托卡马克装置中国环流三号(HL-3,原名HL-2M)拟安装加热功率为6 MW的ICRF加热系统。本工作利用TRANSP程序,模拟并研究了ICRF...离子回旋射频(Ion Cyclotron Range of Frequencies,ICRF)波加热是托卡马克装置上至关重要的辅助加热方式之一。托卡马克装置中国环流三号(HL-3,原名HL-2M)拟安装加热功率为6 MW的ICRF加热系统。本工作利用TRANSP程序,模拟并研究了ICRF加热的频率和功率对聚变中子产额以及快离子分布的影响。研究结果表明:ICRF的频率和功率对中子产额有显著影响,固定ICRF频率时,中子产额与加热功率成正比关系,而在固定ICRF加热功率的情况下,中子产额的增加幅度显著依赖ICRF的频率,在研究参数范围内,30 MHz的ICRF对中子产额的增加具有最显著的增强作用。快离子分布的模拟结果显示,在考虑ICRF加热后,中性束和ICRF的协同加热机制能够将快离子加热至最高1 MeV,有效地提高了中子产额。此外,基于中子相机诊断的概念对中子信号进行了仿真。结果表明,中子相机能够有效地测量到由ICRF加热导致的中子产额高低和分布剖面的变化,这为将来优化中子相机诊断系统设计和测量中子空间分布提供了一定的参考。展开更多
An E//B neutral particle analyzer(NPA)has been designed and is under development at Sichuan University and Southwestern Institute of Physics.The main purpose of the E//B NPA is to measure the distribution function of ...An E//B neutral particle analyzer(NPA)has been designed and is under development at Sichuan University and Southwestern Institute of Physics.The main purpose of the E//B NPA is to measure the distribution function of fast ions in the HL-2A/3 tokamak.The E//B NPA contains three main units,i.e.the stripping unit,the analyzing unit and the detection unit.A gas stripping chamber was adopted as the stripping unit.The results of the simulations and beam tests for the stripping chamber are presented.Parallel electric and magnetic fields provided by a NdFeB permanent magnet and two parallel electric plates were designed and constructed for the analyzing unit.The calibration of the magnetic and electric fields was performed using a 50 kV electron cyclotron resonance ion source(ECRIS)platform.The detection unit consists of 32lutetium-yttrium oxyorthosilicate(LYSO)detector modules arranged in two rows.The response functions ofα,hydrogen ions(H^(+),H_(2)^(+)and H_(3)^(+))andγfor a detector module were measured with^(241)Am,^(137)Cs and^(152)Eu sources together with the 50 kV ECRIS platform.The overall results indicate that the designed E//B NPA device is capable of measuring the intensity of neutral hydrogen and deuteron atoms with energy higher than 20 keV.展开更多
文摘托卡马克等离子体破裂会产生逃逸电流,如不进行抑制,其携带的巨大能量将对设备造成严重破坏。本文使用DREAM程序中的流体模型,基于中国环流器二号M(HL-2M)托卡马克装置大等离子体电流放电条件,研究注入氘氩/氖混合气体对破裂逃逸电流的影响。研究表明:注入氘氩/氖混合气体可以抑制最终形成的平台逃逸电流。在讨论的破裂前等离子体电流I_(p)范围内,最优条件下氩/氖在混合气体中的含量应在0.50%~0.70%,氘的注入量应在10^(20)~10^(21)m^(-3)。在这个范围外,氘氩/氖混合气体注入对逃逸电流的抑制效果都会减弱,甚至会增大逃逸电流。破裂前等离子体电流I_(p)是影响逃逸电流的关键因素。I_(p)越大,形成的逃逸电流越大,也需要注入更多的混合气体。在I_(p)高达10 MA的聚变堆级托卡马克装置上,注入混合气体的密度需要达到10^(22)m^(-3),这是目前大量气体注入(Massive Gas Injection,MGI)技术所不能达到的,通过散裂弹丸注入氘氩/氖混合物将是更加可行的方式。
文摘离子回旋射频(Ion Cyclotron Range of Frequencies,ICRF)波加热是托卡马克装置上至关重要的辅助加热方式之一。托卡马克装置中国环流三号(HL-3,原名HL-2M)拟安装加热功率为6 MW的ICRF加热系统。本工作利用TRANSP程序,模拟并研究了ICRF加热的频率和功率对聚变中子产额以及快离子分布的影响。研究结果表明:ICRF的频率和功率对中子产额有显著影响,固定ICRF频率时,中子产额与加热功率成正比关系,而在固定ICRF加热功率的情况下,中子产额的增加幅度显著依赖ICRF的频率,在研究参数范围内,30 MHz的ICRF对中子产额的增加具有最显著的增强作用。快离子分布的模拟结果显示,在考虑ICRF加热后,中性束和ICRF的协同加热机制能够将快离子加热至最高1 MeV,有效地提高了中子产额。此外,基于中子相机诊断的概念对中子信号进行了仿真。结果表明,中子相机能够有效地测量到由ICRF加热导致的中子产额高低和分布剖面的变化,这为将来优化中子相机诊断系统设计和测量中子空间分布提供了一定的参考。
基金supported by the National Magnetic Confinement Fusion Energy R&D Program of China(No.2018YFE0310200)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11705242,11805138 and 12175156)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities in China(Nos.YJ201820 and YJ201954)。
文摘An E//B neutral particle analyzer(NPA)has been designed and is under development at Sichuan University and Southwestern Institute of Physics.The main purpose of the E//B NPA is to measure the distribution function of fast ions in the HL-2A/3 tokamak.The E//B NPA contains three main units,i.e.the stripping unit,the analyzing unit and the detection unit.A gas stripping chamber was adopted as the stripping unit.The results of the simulations and beam tests for the stripping chamber are presented.Parallel electric and magnetic fields provided by a NdFeB permanent magnet and two parallel electric plates were designed and constructed for the analyzing unit.The calibration of the magnetic and electric fields was performed using a 50 kV electron cyclotron resonance ion source(ECRIS)platform.The detection unit consists of 32lutetium-yttrium oxyorthosilicate(LYSO)detector modules arranged in two rows.The response functions ofα,hydrogen ions(H^(+),H_(2)^(+)and H_(3)^(+))andγfor a detector module were measured with^(241)Am,^(137)Cs and^(152)Eu sources together with the 50 kV ECRIS platform.The overall results indicate that the designed E//B NPA device is capable of measuring the intensity of neutral hydrogen and deuteron atoms with energy higher than 20 keV.
