Functional materials may change color by heat and electricity separately or simultaneously in smart windows.These materials have not only demonstrated remarkable potential in the modulation of solar radiation but are ...Functional materials may change color by heat and electricity separately or simultaneously in smart windows.These materials have not only demonstrated remarkable potential in the modulation of solar radiation but are also leading to the development of indoor environments that are more comfortable and conducive to improving individuals'quality of life.Unfortunately,dual-responsive materials have not received ample research attention due to economic and technological challenges.As a consequence,the broader utilization of smart windows faces hindrances.To address this new generational multistimulus responsive chromic materials,our group has adopted a developmental strategy to create a poly(NIPAM)n-HV as a switchable material by anchoring active viologen(HV)onto a phase-changing poly(NIPAM)n-based smart material for better utility and activity.These constructed smart windows facilitate individualistic reversible switching,from a highly transparent state to an opaque state(thermochromic)and a red state(electrochromic),as well as facilitate a simultaneous dual-stimuli response reversible switching from a clear transparent state to a fully opaque(thermochromic)and orange(electrochromic)states.Absolute privacy can be attained in smart windows designed for exclusive settings by achieving zero transmittance.Each unique chromic mode operates independently and modulates visible and near-infrared(NIR)light in a distinct manner.Hence,these smart windows with thermal and electric dual-stimuli responsiveness demonstrate remarkable heat regulation capabilities,rendering them highly attractive for applications in building facades,energy harvesting,privacy protection,and color display.展开更多
基于WO_(3)-NiO体系的电致变色(EC)玻璃具有优异的可见与红外的主动调控特性和节能效果,在建筑、新能源汽车等产业的应用得到越来越多的关注。生产效率与制造成本等因素的限制,使得大面积WO_(3)-NiO电致变色玻璃未规模化地投入市场。相...基于WO_(3)-NiO体系的电致变色(EC)玻璃具有优异的可见与红外的主动调控特性和节能效果,在建筑、新能源汽车等产业的应用得到越来越多的关注。生产效率与制造成本等因素的限制,使得大面积WO_(3)-NiO电致变色玻璃未规模化地投入市场。相比于在单一玻璃表面采用膜层堆栈方式制备多层膜结构的电致变色器件,以高性能锂离子胶膜为中间层,将磁控溅射沉积的Glass/TCO/WO_(3)以及Glass/TCO/NiO通过层压的方式组装成夹层式器件是一种可行地实现电致变色玻璃大面积、低成本规模化生产的技术手段,正逐渐成为器件制备技术的主流。然而,面向于大面积夹层式WO_(3)-NiO电致变色玻璃的低成本制造和新的应用需求,仍有必要开展从材料到器件的体系化研究。在材料端,开发兼容现有镀膜产线的高质量EC氧化物陶瓷靶材制备技术,高性能WO、NiO薄膜成分、结构、性能与色彩的调控技术,具备高离子电导率、高粘结强度、高热稳定、高透明且易于实现大面积规模化生产的锂离子胶膜材料及其制备技术等。在器件端,开发与现有玻璃产业兼容的大尺寸器件的层压工艺,弧型器件的制备技术,具备更高效节能且能呈现中性着褪色的器件技术等。针对上述挑战,综述了国内外相关研究团队在上述领域的研究进展,结果表明,可以制备出满足高性能电致变色薄膜沉积的EC氧化物陶瓷靶材,通过调节磁控溅射工艺参数可以有效实现对薄膜成份、结构以及性能调控,开发出满足层压工艺的、具有高离子电导率(1.51×10^(-4)S·cm^(-1))的固态聚合物电解质,最终利用商用高压釜实现30 cm×30 cm WO_(3)-NiO电致变色器件高质量制备。展开更多
基金supported by the National Research Foundation (NRF)grants funded by the Ministry of Education (2020R1A6A1A03038817),Republic of Korea。
文摘Functional materials may change color by heat and electricity separately or simultaneously in smart windows.These materials have not only demonstrated remarkable potential in the modulation of solar radiation but are also leading to the development of indoor environments that are more comfortable and conducive to improving individuals'quality of life.Unfortunately,dual-responsive materials have not received ample research attention due to economic and technological challenges.As a consequence,the broader utilization of smart windows faces hindrances.To address this new generational multistimulus responsive chromic materials,our group has adopted a developmental strategy to create a poly(NIPAM)n-HV as a switchable material by anchoring active viologen(HV)onto a phase-changing poly(NIPAM)n-based smart material for better utility and activity.These constructed smart windows facilitate individualistic reversible switching,from a highly transparent state to an opaque state(thermochromic)and a red state(electrochromic),as well as facilitate a simultaneous dual-stimuli response reversible switching from a clear transparent state to a fully opaque(thermochromic)and orange(electrochromic)states.Absolute privacy can be attained in smart windows designed for exclusive settings by achieving zero transmittance.Each unique chromic mode operates independently and modulates visible and near-infrared(NIR)light in a distinct manner.Hence,these smart windows with thermal and electric dual-stimuli responsiveness demonstrate remarkable heat regulation capabilities,rendering them highly attractive for applications in building facades,energy harvesting,privacy protection,and color display.
文摘基于WO_(3)-NiO体系的电致变色(EC)玻璃具有优异的可见与红外的主动调控特性和节能效果,在建筑、新能源汽车等产业的应用得到越来越多的关注。生产效率与制造成本等因素的限制,使得大面积WO_(3)-NiO电致变色玻璃未规模化地投入市场。相比于在单一玻璃表面采用膜层堆栈方式制备多层膜结构的电致变色器件,以高性能锂离子胶膜为中间层,将磁控溅射沉积的Glass/TCO/WO_(3)以及Glass/TCO/NiO通过层压的方式组装成夹层式器件是一种可行地实现电致变色玻璃大面积、低成本规模化生产的技术手段,正逐渐成为器件制备技术的主流。然而,面向于大面积夹层式WO_(3)-NiO电致变色玻璃的低成本制造和新的应用需求,仍有必要开展从材料到器件的体系化研究。在材料端,开发兼容现有镀膜产线的高质量EC氧化物陶瓷靶材制备技术,高性能WO、NiO薄膜成分、结构、性能与色彩的调控技术,具备高离子电导率、高粘结强度、高热稳定、高透明且易于实现大面积规模化生产的锂离子胶膜材料及其制备技术等。在器件端,开发与现有玻璃产业兼容的大尺寸器件的层压工艺,弧型器件的制备技术,具备更高效节能且能呈现中性着褪色的器件技术等。针对上述挑战,综述了国内外相关研究团队在上述领域的研究进展,结果表明,可以制备出满足高性能电致变色薄膜沉积的EC氧化物陶瓷靶材,通过调节磁控溅射工艺参数可以有效实现对薄膜成份、结构以及性能调控,开发出满足层压工艺的、具有高离子电导率(1.51×10^(-4)S·cm^(-1))的固态聚合物电解质,最终利用商用高压釜实现30 cm×30 cm WO_(3)-NiO电致变色器件高质量制备。
