This research focuses on the effects of migration on the TB infection rate and its prevention in Saudi Arabia, which has a large number of expatriates from TB-affected countries. Despite, based on the current global s...This research focuses on the effects of migration on the TB infection rate and its prevention in Saudi Arabia, which has a large number of expatriates from TB-affected countries. Despite, based on the current global statistics of TB occurrence, it is evident that the national incidence of TB has reduced from 10.55 per 100,000 in 2015 to 8.36 per 100,000 in 2019;despite this, there are still some difficulties because migrants bring new strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Hindrances, including language barriers and perceived immigration status, hinder patients from seeking medical attention or doctors from diagnosing diseases. Each patient and each cultural group need special attention to public health, enhancing living circumstances, and health care support. Community participation, inclusion of TB control programs into functional healthcare facilities, and the functioning of TB programs need to be stressed to address TB issues. Considering the focus on social, economic, and cultural approaches, the country can make severe advancements in TB control and population protection. This holistic analysis is critical for a long-term effective strategy to combat TB in the Kingdom.展开更多
Context/Objectives: Tuberculosis (TB) and HIV co-infection is a serious health problem in Cameroon. The problems associated with poor adherence to treatment are on the increase worldwide. This problem can be observed ...Context/Objectives: Tuberculosis (TB) and HIV co-infection is a serious health problem in Cameroon. The problems associated with poor adherence to treatment are on the increase worldwide. This problem can be observed in all situations where patients are required to administer their own medication, whatever the type of illness. The general objective of this study was to assess the factors affecting adherence to treatment among HIV-TB co-infected patients in health facilities in the East Region in the COVID context. Method: A retrospective cohort study before and during COVID-19 was conducted in HIV care units in 13 health districts in the East Region of Cameroon. Data were collected using a questionnaire recorded in the Kobo Collect android application, analyzed using SPSS version 25 software and plotted using Excel. Results: The pre-COVID-19 cohort compared to the during-COVID-19 cohort had a 1.90 risk of not adhering to treatment (OR: 1.90, CI {1.90 - 3.37}) and the difference was statistically significant at the 5% level (p-value = 0.029). Frequency of adherence was 65.4% (140/214). Adherence before COVID-19 was 56.9% whereas during COVID-19, it was 74.3%. Conclusion: The implementation of targeted interventions in the COVID-19 context, using evidence-based data and integrating the individual needs of HIV-TB co-infected patients, improved adherence to concurrent anti-tuberculosis treatment and antiretroviral therapy during the COVID-19 Era.展开更多
【目的】为保障广东省水稻安全生产,减轻农区害鼠为害损失,总结农区鼠害TBS技术试验成效,形成可复制可推广的防控技术模式。【方法】对TBS技术在广东省农区害鼠监测和防控效果进行了研究,在江门市台山市和河源市连平县设置5005 m TBS围...【目的】为保障广东省水稻安全生产,减轻农区害鼠为害损失,总结农区鼠害TBS技术试验成效,形成可复制可推广的防控技术模式。【方法】对TBS技术在广东省农区害鼠监测和防控效果进行了研究,在江门市台山市和河源市连平县设置5005 m TBS围栏、502个捕鼠桶。【结果】共捕获害鼠478只,捕获鼠种包括小家鼠151只,黄毛鼠126只,板齿鼠109只,褐家鼠76只,黄胸鼠16只,其中,小家鼠、黄毛鼠、板齿鼠、褐家鼠为当地农田主要鼠种,分别占捕获总量的31.6%、26.4%、22.8%和15.9%,捕获鼠种构成分别与2023年当地使用鼠夹法进行的鼠情监测结果基本一致。通过对不同生境捕获鼠数量的比较,结果显示,水稻苗期香蕉树区域TBS围栏捕获鼠数量显著高于河道区域,黄熟期荷花池区域捕获鼠数量显著高于河道区域。在连平县和台山市试验区均未捕获到害鼠,台山市对照区害鼠捕获率为10.50%,连平县对照区害鼠捕获率为9.50%,TBS技术对害鼠有较好的控制作用。台山市试验区和对照区的调查丛数、有效穗数和受害穗率存在显著差异(P<0.05),TBS围栏防治效果95.41%;连平县试验区和对照区有效穗数和受害穗率存在显著差异(P<0.05),TBS技术防治效果85.35%。【结论】TBS技术的应用,减轻了害鼠危害,减少稻谷损失。TBS技术具有安全、环保、可持续利用等特点,具有良好的应用前景。展开更多
文摘This research focuses on the effects of migration on the TB infection rate and its prevention in Saudi Arabia, which has a large number of expatriates from TB-affected countries. Despite, based on the current global statistics of TB occurrence, it is evident that the national incidence of TB has reduced from 10.55 per 100,000 in 2015 to 8.36 per 100,000 in 2019;despite this, there are still some difficulties because migrants bring new strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Hindrances, including language barriers and perceived immigration status, hinder patients from seeking medical attention or doctors from diagnosing diseases. Each patient and each cultural group need special attention to public health, enhancing living circumstances, and health care support. Community participation, inclusion of TB control programs into functional healthcare facilities, and the functioning of TB programs need to be stressed to address TB issues. Considering the focus on social, economic, and cultural approaches, the country can make severe advancements in TB control and population protection. This holistic analysis is critical for a long-term effective strategy to combat TB in the Kingdom.
文摘Context/Objectives: Tuberculosis (TB) and HIV co-infection is a serious health problem in Cameroon. The problems associated with poor adherence to treatment are on the increase worldwide. This problem can be observed in all situations where patients are required to administer their own medication, whatever the type of illness. The general objective of this study was to assess the factors affecting adherence to treatment among HIV-TB co-infected patients in health facilities in the East Region in the COVID context. Method: A retrospective cohort study before and during COVID-19 was conducted in HIV care units in 13 health districts in the East Region of Cameroon. Data were collected using a questionnaire recorded in the Kobo Collect android application, analyzed using SPSS version 25 software and plotted using Excel. Results: The pre-COVID-19 cohort compared to the during-COVID-19 cohort had a 1.90 risk of not adhering to treatment (OR: 1.90, CI {1.90 - 3.37}) and the difference was statistically significant at the 5% level (p-value = 0.029). Frequency of adherence was 65.4% (140/214). Adherence before COVID-19 was 56.9% whereas during COVID-19, it was 74.3%. Conclusion: The implementation of targeted interventions in the COVID-19 context, using evidence-based data and integrating the individual needs of HIV-TB co-infected patients, improved adherence to concurrent anti-tuberculosis treatment and antiretroviral therapy during the COVID-19 Era.
文摘【目的】为保障广东省水稻安全生产,减轻农区害鼠为害损失,总结农区鼠害TBS技术试验成效,形成可复制可推广的防控技术模式。【方法】对TBS技术在广东省农区害鼠监测和防控效果进行了研究,在江门市台山市和河源市连平县设置5005 m TBS围栏、502个捕鼠桶。【结果】共捕获害鼠478只,捕获鼠种包括小家鼠151只,黄毛鼠126只,板齿鼠109只,褐家鼠76只,黄胸鼠16只,其中,小家鼠、黄毛鼠、板齿鼠、褐家鼠为当地农田主要鼠种,分别占捕获总量的31.6%、26.4%、22.8%和15.9%,捕获鼠种构成分别与2023年当地使用鼠夹法进行的鼠情监测结果基本一致。通过对不同生境捕获鼠数量的比较,结果显示,水稻苗期香蕉树区域TBS围栏捕获鼠数量显著高于河道区域,黄熟期荷花池区域捕获鼠数量显著高于河道区域。在连平县和台山市试验区均未捕获到害鼠,台山市对照区害鼠捕获率为10.50%,连平县对照区害鼠捕获率为9.50%,TBS技术对害鼠有较好的控制作用。台山市试验区和对照区的调查丛数、有效穗数和受害穗率存在显著差异(P<0.05),TBS围栏防治效果95.41%;连平县试验区和对照区有效穗数和受害穗率存在显著差异(P<0.05),TBS技术防治效果85.35%。【结论】TBS技术的应用,减轻了害鼠危害,减少稻谷损失。TBS技术具有安全、环保、可持续利用等特点,具有良好的应用前景。