Research progress of 24-hour movement behaviors in chronic non-communicable disease

Chronic non-communicable diseases(NCDs)represent a significant impediment to improve life expectancy and remain a focal point in global public health and disease prevention efforts.24-hour movement behaviors,which include sleep,sedentary behavior(SED),and physical activity,underscore the inherent connections between different daily activities and the comprehensive impact of overall movement patterns on health.Evidence suggested that modifying patterns of 24-hour movement behaviors can aid in preventing and attenuating the progression of NCDs.This study systematically delineated the concept,evolution,analytical methods,and intrinsic associations of 24-hour movement behaviors,emphasizing their pivotal role in the prevention and management of NCDs such as obesity,mental disorders,cardiovascular diseases,diabetes,and renal diseases.Future research endeavors should focus on refining methodologies,broadening study populations,developing research tools,and exploring precise intervention strategies and interdisciplinary approaches to comprehensively enhance the effectiveness of NCDs prevention and management from a temporal perspective.Such efforts are poised to provide substantive guidance and support for public health practices.

Associations between meeting 24-hour movement guidelines and quality of life among children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder

Background:The Canadian 24-hour movement behavior(24-HMB)guidelines suggest that a limited amount of screen time use,an adequate level of physical activity(PA),and sufficient sleep duration are beneficial for ensuring and optimizing the health and quality of life(QoL)of children and adolescents.However,this topic has yet to be examined for children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder(ASD)specifically.The aim of this cross-sectional observational study was to examine the associations between meeting 24-HMB guidelines and several QoLrelated indicators among a national sample of American children and adolescents with ASD.Methods:Data were taken from the 2020 U.S.National Survey of Children’s Health dataset.Participants(n=956)aged 617 years and currently diagnosed with ASD were included.The exposure of interest was adherence to the 24-HMB guidelines.Outcomes were QoL indicators,including learning interest/curiosity,repeating grades,adaptive ability,victimization by bullying,and behavioral problems.Categorical variables were described with unweighted sample counts and weighted percentages.Age,sex,race,preterm birth status,medication,behavioral treatment,household poverty level,and the educational level of the primary caregivers were included as covariates.Odds ratio(OR)and 95%confidence interval(95%CI)were used to present the strength of association between adherence to 24-HMB guidelines and QoL-related indicators.Results:Overall,452 participants(45.34%)met 1 of the 3 recommendations,216(22.65%)met 2 recommendations,whereas only 39 participants(5.04%)met all 3 recommendations.Compared with meeting none of the recommendations,meeting both sleep duration and PA recommendations(OR=3.92,95%CI:1.639.48,p<0.001)or all 3 recommendations(OR=2.11,95%CI:1.034.35,p=0.04)was associated with higher odds of showing learning interest/curiosity.Meeting both screen time and PA recommendations(OR=0.15,95%CI:0.040.61,p<0.05)or both sleep duration and PA recommendations(OR=0.24,95%CI:0.070.87,p<0.05)was associated with lower odds of repeating any grades.With respect to adaptive ability,participants who met only the PA recommendation of the 24-HMB were less likely to have difficulties dressing or bathing(OR=0.11,95%CI:0.020.66,p<0.05)than those who did not.For participants who met all 3 recommendations(OR=0.38,95%CI:0.150.99,p=0.05),the odds of being victimized by bullying was lower.Participants who adhered to both sleep duration and PA recommendations were less likely to present with severe behavioral problems(OR=0.17,95%CI:0.040.71,p<0.05)than those who did not meet those guidelines.Conclusion:Significant associations were found between adhering to 24-HMB guidelines and selected QoL indicators.These findings highlight the importance of maintaining a healthy lifestyle as a key factor in promoting and preserving the QoL of children with ASD.

The nurses’ voice of working in a newly established community based 24-hour support center for people with psychiatric disabilities

This study explores the perceptions of a small group of nurses working at a newly established 24-hour community-based service enter (SC) for users with psychiatric disability using a qualitative approach. Since the mental health reform in Sweden in 1995 where the communities (in Sweden called municipalities) were given the responsibility to establish service and support to people with severe psychiatric disabilities, they have struggled in finding suitable forms of these kinds of areas. In 2010, this led to the creation and development of a new center aiming to provide services and support based on the expressed needs of people with physchiatric disability in a community located in southern Sweden. During 2011, a total of three group interviews were performed to capture the employed nurses’ perceptions of this newly established SC. The interview texts were analyzed by way of qualitative content analysis. A first reading of the interview texts revealed that the nurses’ perceptions of the service center were unwaveringly positive but that their beliefs about who the specific target group were differed. The main finding was summarized by the theme: Making a difference—on an individual, professional, and organizational level. The sub themes were: 24-hour availability, unclear assignment, and preventing mental illness. The findings indicate a need for a community round-the-clock service center in this Swedish community and a more clear definition of the target group.

新型公共阅读空间建设及服务效果研究——以扬州市“24小时城市书房”为例

新型公共阅读空间是一种复合型文化空间,能够满足公众以阅读为基础的多元化需求。城市书房是一种典型的新型公共阅读空间,深入探究新型公共阅读空间的建设与服务可以有效推动其实现高质量发展。文章以扬州市“24小时城市书房”项目为例,通过文献研究、实地调查、问卷调查等多种途径获取相关数据,分析其建设现状,并结合评价指标体系考察其服务效果。研究发现,新型公共阅读空间在选址规划、室内环境、开放时间管理等方面表现良好,但在资金保障、空间建设、读者反馈等方面存有不足,可从资源配置、服务效能等方面予以改进。

The lived experience of a 24-hour support center for persons with psychiatric disabilities: Making me feel almost like an ordinary person

This study illuminates nine psychiatric disabled persons’ lived experience of a newly established community-based service center open around the clock. This new 24-hour support center (SC) was established in 2011 in a Swedish community to better match and facilitate the disabled persons’ needs. In order to illuminate the disabled person’s experiences individual interview was performed. A phenomenological-hermeneutical method inspired by Paul Ricoeur was used to interpret the texts. After a naive reading, a structural analysis revealed two themes: 1), becoming aware of myself as a person, and 2) having a lifeline and belongingness. The comprehensive understanding was interpreted as meaning “Making me feel almost like an ordinary person”, which incorporated the person’s past with their present together with a direction for the future and hope for a more fulfilling life.

新冠疫情下24小时自助药房在发热门诊的应用效果与问题分析

目的对新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下发热门诊24 h自助药房的应用情况进行分析,并对其存在的优势及局限性进行评价,为医疗机构发热门诊引进自助发药设备提供依据。方法提取我院发热门诊2020年4-9月就诊患者的取药信息,将2020年4-6月人工发药的数据设定为人工发药组,2020年7-9月开设24 h自助药房后的数据设定为自助发药组,对两组患者取药耗费时间、取药满意度情况进行统计分析,同时描述性分析自助发药机存在的问题。结果发热门诊自助发药组平均取药耗费时间为(5.53±7.61)min,人工发药组为(10.46±7.82)min,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。且无论工作日、节假日、白天、晚间,自助发药组的患者平均取药耗费时间均较人工发药组明显缩短,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。自助发药组的患者满意度显著高于人工发药组(98.00%vs.83.50%,P<0.05)。但24 h自助药房在运行过程中也存在一些问题,包括发药设备储药品种局限、运行预警不完善、发药失败及机械故障时有发生等。结论新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下发热门诊24 h自助药房的开设可有效缩短患者取药耗费时间,降低潜在院内交叉感染风险,提升患者取药满意度,但其存在的局限性仍需关注,需积极寻求改进措施,进一步提升医院药学自动化水平。

某院24小时电话药物咨询服务的帕累托图分析

目的进一步提高医院药学服务质量。方法通过收集某院2018年1月至2020年12月电话药物咨询记录,将全天等分为24个时段,对咨询时间、咨询内容和咨询药物类别等信息进行汇总,利用帕累托图分析各指标分布特点。结果共收集电话药物咨询有效记录1274例,其中男559例(43.88%),女715例(56.12%)。8:00-13:59、15:00-15:59、17:00-20:59为主要咨询时段,14:00-14:59、16:00-16:59为次要咨询时段。高峰时段(8:00-20:59),药物的用法用量、药品不良反应(ADR)及处理、诊疗疑问、药品相关知识、药物相互作用、药品推荐与选择为主要咨询内容,抗感染药、消化系统用药、五官及外用药、中成药、解热镇痛抗炎药、内分泌系统用药、心血管系统用药为主要咨询药物类别;低谷时段[21:00-7:59(次日)],药物的用法用量、ADR及处理、医学问题、药品推荐与选择、药品相关知识、误服或过量服药的处理为主要咨询内容,抗感染药、消化系统用药、解热镇痛抗炎药、呼吸系统用药、五官及外用药、中成药为主要咨询药物类别。结论电话药物咨询服务的咨询内容和咨询药物类别与咨询发生时间有关,药师应根据时段的不同针对性掌握相关药学知识和应答技巧,以便为患者提供更优质的药学服务。

Interdialytic 24-Hours Ambulatory Blood Pressure versus Dialysis Unit Blood Pressure for the Diagnosis of Electrocardiographic-Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Chronic Hemodialysis Black Patients

Background and Aim: In hemodialysis patients, 24-hours interdialytic ABPM better detects TOD than dialysis unit blood pressure. Therefore, the present study was aimed to assess the diagnostic performance of 24-hours ABPM vs. dialysis unit BPs for the diagnosis of ECG-LVH in steady state chronic hemodialysis black patients. Methods: From March 31 to September 30, 2018, interdialytic ABPM was performed after a mid-week hemodialysis session for 24 hours using a Spacelab 90207 ABPM monitor in the non-access arm in 45 stable chronic hemodialysis black patients (age ≥ 20 years, hemodialysis for at least 3 months and informed consent) attending 3 hemodialysis centers in Kinshasa. Ambulatory BP was recorded every 20 minutes during the day (6 AM to 10 PM) and every 30 minutes during the night (10 PM to 6 AM). ECG-LVH was defined using Cornell product criteria. ROC curve method was used to assess the performance of dialysis unit BPs vs. interdialytic 24-hours ABPM in diagnosing ECG-LVH. P 0.05 defined the level of statistical significance. Results: Whatever the method of BP measurement, all the SBP values were related to ECG-LVH with similar AUC and overlapping 95% CI;however, they were not significantly different from each other. 24-hours interdialytic ambulatory SBP (AUC 0.748;95% CI 0.58 - 0.94) had the highest area under the curve. Conclusion: The present study showed that although all the two BP measurement methods equally detected ECG-LVH, 24-hours ABPM tended to have the highest diagnostic performance.

China introduces the 24-hour rule

Recently, international movement measures that may be causing tension between the of cargo had been the subject of increasing border control needs for security and the needs for trade facilitations. On the one hand customs authorities are charged with the responsibility for policing a country＇s borders, and consequently they need to have in place measures to ensure that only legitimate trade takes place and that this trade does not present security concerns. On the other hand we have the requirements of traders, who benefit from an environment of trade facilitation with speedy and efficient movement of cargo across international borders, with minimal bureaucratic intervention. This paper focuses on and provides early discussion and comments on the possible ramifications of the introduction of the 24-hour rule in China, effective for all exports and imports of sea freight container traffic since January 1, 2009. The new rules will have significant impact on the logistics flows of exporters and importers alike. Specifically, the reporting requirements timelines are likely to result in increased costs in cargo processing at wharves that traders will have to bear; place added pressure on storage facilities at wharves, or at container depots; and may additionally increase the amount of inventory buffer because of the timing of the data reporting requirements. The paper concludes that security needs have prevailed over trade facilitation considerations and that traders should urgently implement a review of existing practices to ensure they comply with the China Customs requirements, whilst simultaneously minimizing cost increases.

静脉用药调配中心药师24 h全医嘱审核对合理用药及调配效率的作用

目的探讨静脉用药调配中心(pharmacy intravenous admixture service,PIVAS)药师24 h全医嘱审核对不合理用药、调配效率及质量的改善作用。方法采用回顾性分析,依据PIVAS实施24 h全天医嘱时间,将住院患者医嘱划分为实施前(2010年2月—2021年7月)与实施后(2021年8月—2022年9月),比较不合理医嘱干预成功率及调配效率。结果实施24 h全医嘱审核后,不合理医嘱干预成功率(95.18%)高于实施前(79.07%),且对药物用量用法不适宜、溶剂规格不适宜、溶媒不适宜、给药途径错误、药物配伍禁忌、给药频次错误、超说明书用药及录入不合理医嘱等各类型干预成功率均高于实施前,P<0.05。实施后医嘱审核后流程耗时、医嘱同步时间和批次优化耗时均缩短,P<0.05。结论PIVAS实施24 h全医嘱审核对减少临床不合理用药、提高调配效率及质量具有明显作用。

In search of service innovations by public libraries in Chinese urban centers:A case study of Dongguan Library

This article introduces several of the more significant service delivery innovations and their resulting accomplishments instigated by Dongguan Library(thereafter abbreviated as DGL) in recent years. The textual exposition of this paper is based on a case study of DGL by this author about its user-centered vision, mission, immediate objectives and the exhibited service performance within a contextual environment of collegial support from its professional peers. After a five-year period of intensive efforts on such focused professional development and practice, DGL has completed its information service mapping and information delivery for the entire municipality of Dongguan on a 7-day and twentyfour-hour(7/24) basis. This singular feast of accomplishment seems to suggest the moral that any significant development of scale of a municipal library has to be in keeping pace closely with the progress of the society at large in general and with the changing information demands of its local clientele in particular.

Esophageal manometry and 24-hour pH monitoring in esophagus surgery:28-year Chinese experience in a single center

Objective To retrospectively review the experience of esophageal manometry and 24-hour pH monitoring in e-sophagus surgery. Methods From 1982 to 2010,patients with unspecific chest pain and undergone esophageal surgery were received esophageal manometry and 24-hour pH monitoring. Results Among the patients with

基于Web Service的信息处理算法——以《蒙娜丽莎》为例

现代社会正处于计算机信息时代,浏览器可对网页的源代码文件进行规范化的解析,使其Web内容能正常显示,但是Web服务存在多种数据传输格式,不同的数据格式所需存储方法的实现代码存在差异,因此需要提高代码的弹性,以适应未来的各种数据格式。通过介绍Web服务与RESTful技术进行Provider消息处理,利用BufferImage方法针对《蒙娜丽莎》的24位位图进行解密算法得出新的内容,而利用新的内容反向加密算法即可得到《蒙娜丽莎》的画像。

智慧图书馆体系下公共图书馆24小时自助服务研究——以浙江台州“和合书吧”与“和合e书吧”为例

文章对国内公共图书馆24小时自助服务发展现状进行了分析,选取浙江台州“和合书吧”与“和合e书吧”项目作为研究案例,针对存在问题提出秉承书吧建设规范,严格遵循品牌设计理念,遴选最优布点区位;加强对阅读行为模式的分析预判,梳理各布点的借阅量与流通量,实时跟踪阅读人群的需求信息等相关发展建议。

“城市街区24小时自助图书馆系统”离我们还有多远

"城市街区24小时自助图书馆系统"是一种新生事物,具有小型图书馆分馆、社区图书馆无法比拟的优势与便捷性。但目前许多城市对该系统仍持观望态度,原因集中于其高昂的价格、后期使用与维护产生的费用、物流配送的支出与市民的需要等方面。建设该系统的关键是资金投入,除了依靠传统财政支持外,还可以将图书馆购书经费返还的图书折扣用于"城市街区24小时自助图书馆系统"建设上,此外广泛地与企业、全民合作也是一条途径。

城市图书馆24小时自助开放服务探析

文章以东莞图书馆的自助图书馆、图书馆自助服务站为例,论述了城市图书馆以自助方式24小时开放服务的背景、总体构思、实现形态和实施要点,并对其中的安全维护、运营管理、推广应用等方面进行了探讨,以期为城市图书馆24小时自助服务研究提供参考。

图书馆24小时自助服务:垢病、误读和反思

图书馆24小时自助服务有两种不同的形态,一种是自助图书馆,另一种是图书馆ATM机。外界对图书馆24小时自助服务的非议,是图书馆人对它的误读造成的,以为图书馆24小时自助服务与图书馆ATM机服务是一回事,并把它当作项目去引进。本来图书馆ATM机服务是图书馆服务体系的组成部分,却把它当成了图书馆服务体系建设的主要内容。对图书馆24小时自助服务背后的创新精神,社会责任和务实作风缺乏本质的理解,作风浮躁,对图书馆服务体系构建发展思路不清晰,专业服务缺失,是造成这种误读的主要原因。对图书馆ATM机服务项目的盲目引进,实际上暴露了公共图书馆在服务体系建设中存在的问题。

东莞24小时自助图书借阅服务形态及效益分析

文章阐述了东莞地区开展24小时自助借阅服务的背景、总体构思、实现形态与功能，并通过与国内外同类产品比较，介绍东莞图书馆24小时自助服务的特色，并对其应用情况及产生效益进行分析，以期为图书馆24小时自助服务研究和推广提供参考。

新书文献中心24小时全天候开放——高校图书馆读者服务新尝试

高校图书馆实行新书文献中心24小时全天候开放能够贯彻"读者第一,服务至上"的办馆宗旨,充分发挥图书馆的作用,增强信息的实效性,创立人性化服务原则,最大限度地满足读者的需求。但是,同时也存在一些问题,可以通过清理占座现象、实现图书内部借还、控制图书复本数量、扩大借阅册数、延长借阅期限、加强宣传和导读工作等途径加以改进。

福州市城市街区24小时自助图书馆发展探析

文章通过简要回溯城市街区24小时自助图书馆产生的背景、起源,重点探析了福州24小时自助图书馆的运行现状及特点,综合分析相关问题及其解决策略,以期让福州城市街区24小时自助图书馆更加便民利民,真正推动全民阅读的进一步发展。