Syntheses,crystal structures,and catalytic properties of three zinc(Ⅱ),cobalt(Ⅱ)and nickel(Ⅱ)coordination polymers constructed from 5⁃(4⁃carboxyphenoxy)nicotinic acid

Three zinc(Ⅱ),cobalt(Ⅱ),and nickel(Ⅱ)coordination polymers,namely[Zn(μ^(3-)cpna)(μ-dpea)_(0.5)]_(n)(1),[Co(μ^(3-)cpna)(μ-dpey)_(0.5)]_(n)(2),and[Ni(μ^(3-)cpna)(μ-dpey)_(0.5)(H_(2)O)]_(n)(3),have been constructed hydrothermally using H_(2)cpna(5-(4-carboxyphenoxy)nicotinic acid),dpea(1,2-di(4-pyridyl)ethane),dpey(1,2-di(4-pyridyl)ethylene),and zinc,cobalt,and nickel chlorides at 160℃.The products were isolated as stable crystalline solids and were characterized by IR spectra,elemental analyses,thermogravimetric analyses,and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses.Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses revealed that three compounds crystallize in the triclinic system,space group P1.Compounds 1-3 show 2D layer structures.The catalytic activities in the Knoevenagel condensation reaction of these compounds were investigated.Compounds 1 and 2 exhibit effective catalytic activities in the Knoevenagel condensa-tion reaction at room temperature.For this reaction,various parameters were optimized,followed by the investiga-tion of the substrate scope.CCDC:2335676,1;2335677,2;2335678,3.

Effect of Fe_2O_3 Loading Amount on Catalytic Properties of Monolithic Fe_2O_3/Ce_(0.67)Zr_(0.33)O_2-Al_2O_3 Catalyst for Methane Combustion

Ce0.67Zr0.33O2-Al2O3 solid solution was prepared by the co-precipitation method. Fe2O3-based catalysts supported on the solid solution were obtained by the impregnation method. The article revealed that the optimal loading amount of Fe2O3 on Ce0.67Zr0.33 O2-Al2O3 in our experimental condition for catalytic combustion of methane was 8% （ mass fraction）. The prepared catalysts were characterized by BET, TPR, XRD analyses, and their catalytic activity was investigated after being calcined at 873 K and after being aged in water gas at 1273 K. When the loading amount of Fe203 was 8% （ mass fraction）, the catalyst held the highest activity, and the best temperature speciality and thermal stability. The complete-conversion temperature of methane for fresh and aged sample was 788 and 838 K, respectively. The range between the light-off temperature and the complete-conversion temperature was only 15 K. The characterization results of XRD indicated that Fe2O3 was well dispersed on the Ce0.67Zr0.33O2-Al2O3 matrix. The results of BET and TPR were in good harmony with the catalytic activity results.

Salt-Assisted Combustion Synthesis of NdCoO_3 Nanoparticles and Their Catalytic Properties in Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate

Highly dispersed perovskite NdCoO3 nanoparticles were prepared by a novel salt-assisted combustion process. The effects of NaCl content and calcination temperature on the characteristics of the products were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and BET surface area measurement. The facile introduction of NaCl in the conventional combustion synthesis process was found to result in the formation of well-dispersed perovskite nanoparticles and increase specific surface areas of the resultants from 1.7 to 43.2 m2·g-1. The catalytic properties of the typical NdCoO3 samples for thermal decomposition of ammonia perchlorate (AP) and their correlation with the NdCoO3 microstructure were investigated by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). The DSC results indicate that the addition of the amorphous NdCoO3 nanoparticles to AP incorporates two small exothermic peaks of AP into a strong exothermic peak, decreases the temperature of the AP exothermic peak to 314.0 ℃ by reduction of 138.3 ℃ and increases the apparent decomposition heat from 515 J·g-1 to over 1441 J·g-1, showing the intense catalytic activity for thermal decomposition of AP. It is also clear that the catalytic activity of the resultant NdCoO3 is related to their microstructure. According to Kissinger′s method, the kinetics parameters of the thermal decomposition of AP catalyzed by the as-prepared NdCoO3 samples were calculated to account for the order of their catalytic activity.

Preparation and catalytic properties of ZrO_2-Al_2O_3 composite oxide supported nickel catalysts for methane reforming with carbon dioxide

ZrO 2-Al 2O 3 composite oxides and supported Ni catalysts were prepared, and characterized by N 2 adsorption /desorption, X-ray diffraction(XRD) an d X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) techniques. The catalytic performance and carbon deposition was also investigated. This mesoporous composite oxide is shown to be a promising catalyst support. An increase in the catalytic activity and stability of methane and carbon dioxide reforming reaction was resulted from the zirconia addition, especially at 5wt% ZrO 2 content. The Ni catalyst supported ZrO 2-Al 2O 3 has a strong resistance to sintering and the carbon deposition in a relatively long-term reaction.

Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Catalytic Properties of a 2D Cobalt(II) Coordination Polymer Based on Mixed Ligands

A new Co（Ⅱ） metal-organic coordination polymer based on flexible bis（imidazole） and aromatic dicarboxylate co-ligands, namely [Co（bix）（nph）]n （H2nph = 3-nitrophthalic acid, bix = 1,4-bis（imidazole-l-ylmethyl）benzene）, has been hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, TG, IR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. It crystallizes in the triclinic space group Piwith a = 9.3767（14）, b = 10.1451（15）, c = 12.1488（17） A, α = 102.6450（10）, β = 108.856（2）, ）, = 98.807（2）°, V= 1035.3（3） A3, Z = 2, C22H17CoN5O6, Mr = 506.34, Dc = 1.624 g/cm^3, p = 0.882 mm^-1 and F（000） = 518. In the complex, the nph^2- ligands connect neighbouring cobalt atoms to form binuclear [Co（nph）]2 subunits, which are linked by pairs of bix ligands to form a 2D honeycomb-like （6,3） network. In addition, the compound is further extended into a 3D supramolecular architecture by π…π stacking interactions. Moreover, the luminescence and catalytic properties of the complex are investigated.

Two Cd(Ⅱ) Coordination Polymers Based on a Flexible Tricarboxylate Ligand: Syntheses, Structures, and Photoluminescence and Catalytic Properties

Studies on the synthesis and design of coordination polymers(CPs) with flexible ligands are of great interest owing to their dynamic structures and promising applications. The title coordination polymers, {[Cd·(HTTTA)·(phen)]·2HO}n(1) and [Cd·(HTTTA)·(phen)]n(2)(H3 TTTA = 2,2’,2’’-[1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyltris(thio)] tris-acetic acid, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, powder XRD and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Complex 1 consists of one CdII ion, one HTTTA2-ligand and one phen co-ligand. The Cd(Ⅱ) metal clusters were bridged by the tridentate HTTTA2-ligands into infinite 1D chains, which are further connected into the 3D architecture by abundant hydrogen bonds. In 2, three carboxyl groups of HTTTA2-ligand show different coordination directions because of the C–S–C flexible bond angle, which leads to different 1D chains of 2. The strong π-π stacking interaction and four C–H···O hydrogen bonds connect the 1D chains into a 3D framework. The solid-state photoluminescence and catalytic properties were studied as well.

Crystal Structure and Catalytic Properties of Tetrakis (4-hydroxyphenyl) Porphyrinato Manganese(Ⅲ) Chloride (MnTHPPCl)

The crystal structure of meso-tetrakis （4-hydroxyphenyl） porphyrinato manganese chloride （MnTHPPC1） and its supramolecular architecture based on the hydrogen bonds of one counter C1 anion with four hydrogen atoms of four-OH groups from different MnTHPPC1 molecules cooperated by self-assembly of the porphyrin units were first repor-ted. This compound crystallized in the tetragonal space group 14/m with a = 1.39928（7） nm, b = 1.39928（7） nm, c =0.94498（10） nm, V= 1.8503（2） nm^3, and Z =2. As a catalyst, MnTHPPC1 also showed a high catalytic acti-vity in the conversion from 1-naphthylamine （1-NA） to his （4-oxo-benzo-2-cyclohexen-l-yl） amine （BOBCHA） v/a oxidative coupling under mild conditions.

Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Catalytic Properties of a New 2D Nickel(II) Coordination Polymer Based on Flexible Bis(benzimidazole)

A new Ni(II) coordination polymer [Ni(L)2(SCN)2]n(L = 1,4-bis(benzimidazol-1-yl)butane) was synthesized hydrothermally and characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The title compound crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group C2/c with a = 9.4760(3), b = 24.0408(8), c = 16.5871(5) A, β = 99.832(3)°, V = 3723.2(2) A3, Z = 4, Dc = 1.348 g/cm3, F(000) = 1576, the final R = 0.0486 and w R = 0.0936 for 2938 observed reflections with I 】 2σ(I) for the complex. Structural analysis shows that the coordination polymer possesses a 2D(4,4) layer structure which is composed of Ni(II) centers bridged by L ligand with two kinds of conformations and further assembled into a 3D supramolecular network via π-π stacking interactions. In addition, the fluorescence and catalytic properties, for the degradation of Congo red, of the complex were investigated.

Facile Synthesis and Catalytic Properties of β-Co(OH)_2 and Mg(OH)_2 Nanoplates

β-Co（OH）2 and Mg（OH）2 nanoplates were synthesized via a facile template-free hydrothermal approach.The different conditions of preparation and catalytic properties of the products were studied and discussed.The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction,transmission electron microscopy,scanning electron microscopy,selected area electron diffraction（SAED）,and gas chromatograph.

Drought-Stimulated Activity of Plasma Membrane Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate Oxidase and Its Catalytic Properties in Rice

The activity of plasma membrane （PM） nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate （NADPH） oxidase and its catalytic properties in rice was investigated under drought stress conditions. Drought stress led to decreased leaf relative water content （RWC） and, as a result of drought-induced oxidative stress, the activities of antioxidant enzymes increased significantly. More interestingly, the intensity of applied water stress was correlated with increased production of H2O2 and O2^- and elevated activity of PM NADPH oxidase, a key enzyme of reactive oxygen species generation in plants. Histochemical analyses also revealed increased H2O2 and O2^- production in drought-stressed leaves. Application of diphenylene iodonium （DPI）, an inhibitor of PM NADPH oxidase, did not alleviate drought-induced production of H2O2 and O2^-. Catalysis experiments indicated that the rice PM NADPH oxidase was partially fiavin-dependent. The pH and temperature optima for this enzyme were 9.8 and 40 ℃, respectively. In addition, drought stress enhanced the activity under alkaline pH and high temperature conditions. These results suggest that a complex regulatory mechanism, associated with the NADPH oxidase-H2O2 system, is involved in the response of rice to drought stress.

Tunable synthesis solid or hollow Au–Ag nanostructure,assembled with GO and comparative study of their catalytic properties

In this work, we demonstrated a simple and efficacious two-step method for the synthesis of Ag@Au core–shell nanoparticles(Ag@Au NPs) and the Ag/Au hollow nanocages(Ag/Au NCs) with Ag nanoparticles(Ag NPs) as seeds by adjusting p H, and the preparation of hybrid Ag@Au NPs- or Ag/Au NCs-graphene oxide nanocomposites(Ag@Au NPs-GO or Ag/Au NCs-GO)based on the self-assembly. It was noticed from the electrostatic assembly experiment that the loading amount of Ag/Au NCs on GO nanosheet was more than that of Ag@Au NPs. The as-synthesized hybrid materials were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, f-potential, high-angle annular darkfield scanning transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analyzer and X-ray diffraction. Catalytic activities of Ag@Au NPs, Ag/Au NCs and Ag/Au NCs-GO nanostructures were investigated in the reduction of 4-, 3-or 2-nitrophenol to 4-, 3- or 2-aminophenol, and on the basis of comparative kinetic studies the following trend was obtained for the related catalytic activity: Ag/Au NCsGO [ Ag/Au NCs [ Ag@Au NPs. These observations were attributed to the simultaneous effects of surface area available for catalytic reaction and composition of the hybrid nanostructures.

Syntheses,Structures and Catalytic Properties of Two Mn(Ⅱ)and Cd(Ⅱ)Coordination Polymers through in Situ Ligand Reaction

Two coordination polymers,namely[Mn(μ-Hcpia)(bipy)(H_(2)O)_(2)]_(n)(1)and[Cd_(3)(μ3-Hcpia)_(2)(μ-Hbiim)_(2)(μ-H_(2)biim)(H_(2)O)_(2)]n(2),have been constructed hydrothermally using H_(2)cbia(H_(2)cbia=5-(4΄-cyano-benzoxy)isophthalic acid),bipy(bipy=4,4΄-bipyridine),H_(2)biim(H_(2)biim=2,2΄-biimidazole),and manganese or cadmium chlorides at 160℃.Interestingly,the H3cpia(H3cpia=5-(4΄-carboxylphenoxy)isophthalic acid)ligand was generated by in situ hydrolysis of cyano group in H_(2)cbia.The products were isolated as stable crystalline solids and were characterized by IR spectra,elemental analyses,thermogravimetric analyses(TGA),and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses.Both compounds crystallize in the triclinic system,space group P1.Compound 1 discloses a 1D linear chain of the 2C1 topological type.Adjacent chains are assembled into a 2D supramolecular sheet through O–H∙∙∙O/N hydrogen bonds.Compound 2 features a 3D framework with a 3,4,4T25 topology.The luminescent and catalytic properties of two compounds were investigated.Compound 1 exhibits a superior catalytic activity in the cyanosilylation at room temperature.

Syntheses and catalytic performances of three coordination polymers with tetracarboxylate ligands

Three zincand cobaltcoordination polymers,namely{[Zn_(2)(μ_(6)-adip)(phen)_(2)]·4H_(2)O}_(n)(1),{[Co_(2)(μ_(6)-adip)(bipy)_(2)]·4H_(2)O}_(n)(2),and[Co_(2)(μ4-adip)(μ-bpa)_(2)]_(n)(3)have been constructed hydrothermally using H4adip(H4adip=5,5′-azanediyldiisophthalic acid),phen(phen=1,10-phenanthroline),bipy(bipy=2,2′-bipyridine),bpa(bpa=bis(4-pyridyl)amine),and zinc and cobalt chlorides at 160℃.The products were isolated as stable crystalline solids and were characterized by IR spectra,elemental analyses,thermogravimetric analyses,and single-crystal X-ray diffrac-tion analyses.Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses revealed that three compounds crystallize in the orthorhom-bic system Pnna(1 and 2)or P21212(3)space groups.All compounds exhibit 3D frameworks.The catalytic perfor-mances in the Henry reaction of these compounds were investigated.Compound 3 exhibited an effective catalytic activity in the Henry reaction at 70℃.CCDC:2339391,1;2339392,2;2339393,3.

Effects of surface chemical properties of activated coke on selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH_3 over commercial coal-based activated coke

Surface chemical properties of typical commercial coal-based activated cokes were characterized by Xray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) and acid-base titration, and then the influence of surface chemical properties on catalytic performance of activated cokes of NO reduction with NH3 was investigated in a fixed-bed quartz micro reactor at 150 ℃. The results indicate that the selective catalytic reduction(SCR) activity of activated cokes with the increase of its surface acidic sites and oxygen content,obviously, a correlation between catalytic activity and surface acidic sites content by titration has higher linearity than catalytic activity and surface oxygen content by XPS. While basic sites content by acid-base titration have not correlation with SCR activity. It has been proposed that surface basic sites content measured by titration may not be on adjacent of acidic surface oxides and then cannot form of NO2-like species, thus the reaction of reduction of NO with NH3 have been retarded.

Synthesis and catalytic properties of iron-cerium phosphate prepared in ethylene glycol using additives

The effects of cerium substitution,use of additives,and heating temperature on the chemical composition and catalytic activity of iron phosphate were evaluated.Iron-cerium phosphate was prepared from iron nitrate,ammonium cerium nitrate,and sodium phosphate in ethylene glycol using sodium dodecyl-sulfate or acetylacetone as additive.The chemical composition,particle shape and size distribution of the obtained samples were respectively evaluated based on ICP and XRD,SEM,and laser diffraction/scattering analysis.The catalytic activity was evaluated based on the decomposition of the complex formed from formaldehyde,ammonium acetate,and acetylacetone.XRD peaks corresponding to FePO_(4) were observed for the samples heated at 600℃whereas samples treated at lower temperatures were amorphous.Iron-cerium phosphates heated at 200℃and 400℃exhibited high catalytic activity for the decomposition of the aforementioned complex.

Photocatalytical Inactivation of Enterococcus faecalis from Water Using Functional Materials Based on Natural Zeolite and Titanium Dioxide

The functional materials based on natural zeolite （clinoptilolite）, TiO2-zeolite and Ag-TiO2-zeolite have been successfully synthesized by solid-state reaction in fast-hydrothermal conditions. The obtained functional materials were investigated by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, FT-1R （Fourier transform infrared） spectroscopy, DRUV-VIS （diffuse reflectance ultraviolet-visible） spectroscopy, BET （Brunauer-Emmett-Teller） and SEM/EDX （scanning electron microscope/energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer） analyses. The XRD results indicated that the clinoptilolite structure has a good thermal stabilization after the fast-hydrothermal treatment. Also, the high specific surface area about 92.55 m^2.g^-1 was noticed for Ag-TiO2-zeolite functional material. The presence of dopants was evidenced from EDX spectra. The enhanced bactericidal activity of Ag-TiO2-zeolite catalyst is proved through damaging of Enterococcusfaecalis colonies under visible irradiation, at different material doses and irradiation times.

Preparation of new sunscreen materials Ce_(1-x)Zn_xO_(2-x) via solid-state reaction at room temperature and study on their properties

Superfine cerium-zinc oxides Ce1-xZnxO2-x with x = 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, and 1.0 were obtained by grinding Ce（SO4）2·4H2O, ZnSO4·7H2O and NH4HCO3 under the condition of surfactant PEG-400 being present at room temperature, washing the mixture with water to remove soluble inorganic salts, drying at 80°C, and calcining.The precursor and its calcined samples were characterized using thermogravimetry and differential thermal analyses（TG/DTA）, UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction（XRD）, and scanning electron microscopy（SEM）.The results showed that superfine Ce1-xZnxO2-x behaved as an excellent UV-shielding material.The ZnO-doped CeO2 can facilitate the formation of crystalline state CeO2.The catalytic ability of products used in air oxidation of castor oil was investigated.The results showed that the catalytic abilities of products decreased with increasing zinc amount.

Influences of synthesis methods and modifier addition on the properties of Ni-based catalysts supported on reticulated ceramic foams

A method of synthesizing Ni-based catalysts supported on α-Al2O3-based foams was developed. The foams were impregnated with aqueous solutions of metal chlorides under an air atmosphere using an aerosol route. Separate procedures involved calcination to form oxides and drying to obtain chlorides on the foam surface. The synthesized samples were subsequently reduced with hydrogen. With respect to the Ni/Al2O3 catalysts, the chloride reduction route enabled the formation ofa Ni coating without agglomerates or cracks. Further research included catalyst modification by the addition of Pd, Cu, and Fe. The influences of the additives on the degree of reduction and on the low-temperature reduction effectiveness （533 and 633 K） were examined and compared for the catalysts obtained from oxides and chlorides. Greater degrees of reduction were achieved with chlorides, whereas Pd was the most effective modifier among those investigated. The reduction process was nearly complete at 533 K in the sample that contained 0.1wt% Pd. A lower reduction temperature was utilized, and the calcination step was avoided, which may enhance the economical and technological aspects of the developed catalyst production method.

Solvothermal Synthesis and Photocatalytic Performance of Bi_2S_3 Hierarchical Nanostructure

The synthesis of Bi2S3 hierarchical nanostructure was reported by a solvothermal reaction using ethylene disulfhydrate as the sulfur source and chelating reagent. The as-synthesized samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction（XRD）, Raman, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS）, scanning electron microscopy（SEM） and photoluminescence（PL）. The XRD, Raman, and XPS data confirmed that the as-synthesized sample belongs to orthorhombic phase Bi2S3. The SEM observations displayed that Bi2S3 hierarchical nanostructure assembled from nanorods. A 410 nm ultraviolet photoluminescence（PL） emission of as-synthesized Bi2S3 was observed when the sample was excited with wavelength of 320-330 nm. The Bi2S3 hierarchical nanostructure also shows a significant enhancement of photocatalytic capability toward degrading methyl orange（MO） under UV light, the photodegradation of MO reaches 95% within 180 min.

Synthesis of Nano-sized Yttria via a Sol-Gel Process Based on Hydrated Yttrium Nitrate and Ethylene Glycol and Its Catalytic Performance for Thermal Decomposition of NH_4ClO_4

Nano-sized yttria particles were synthesized via a non-aqueous sol-gel process based on hydrated yttrium nitrate and ethylene glycol. The effects of the molar ratio of ethylene glycol to yttrium ion and calcination temperature on crystallite size of the products were studied. The catalytic performance of the as-prepared yttria for the ammonium perchlorate （AP） decomposition was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry （DSC）. The results indicate that the nano-sized cubic yttria particles with less than 20 nm in average crystallite size can be obtained after 2 h reflux at 70℃, dried at 90 ℃, forming xerogel, and followed by annealing of xerogel for 2 h, and that the addition of the nano-sized yttria to AP incorporates two small exothermic peaks of AP in the temperature ranges of 310 - 350 ℃ and 400 - 470 ℃ into a strong exothermic peak of AP and increases the apparent decomposition heat from 515 to over 1110 J·g^- 1. It is also clear that the temperature of AP decomposition exothermic peak decreases and the apparent decomposition heat of AP increases with the increase of the amount of nano-sized yttria. The fact that the addition of the 5 % nano-sized yttria to AP decreases the temperature of AP exothermic peak to 337.7℃ by reduction of 114.6℃ and increases the apparent decomposition heat from 515 to 1240 J·g^-1, reveals that nano-sized yttria shows strong catalytic property for AP thermal decomposition.