Low-Cost Embedded Controller for Complex Control Systems

Because of limited resource of embedded platforms, the computational complexity of advanced control algorithms raises significant challenges for the use of embedded systems in complex control field. A Scilab/Scicos based embedded controller is developed on which various control software can be easily modeled, simulated, implemented, and evaluated to meet the ever-expanding requirements of industrial control applications. Built on the Cirrus Logic EP9315 ARM systems-on-chip board, this embedded controller is possible to develop complex embedded control systems that employ advanced control strategies in a rapid and cost-efficient fashion. Due to the free and open source nature of the software packages used, the cost of the embedded controller is minimized.

Special Issue on New Trends in Theory and Applications of Complex Control Systems

Complexity is one of the leading features of modem control systems. It is caused by the complex properties of controlled plants and the varied requirements in controller designs. In dealing with the control problems with complexity, in the past two decades, a lot of papers have been published that reported fruitful results on different theoretical backgrounds and with different methodologies, such as differential geometry-based design methods, hybrid system theory, switching control, neural network-based intelligent control, etc.

Kolmogorov-Chaitin Complexity of Digital Controller Implementations

The complexity of linear, fixed-point arithmetic digital controllers is investigated from a Kolmogorov-Chaitin perspective. Based on the idea of Kolmogorov-Chaitin complexity, practical measures of complexity are developed for statespace realizations, parallel and cascade realizations, and for a newly proposed generalized implicit state-space realization. The complexity of solutions to a restricted complexity controller benchmark problem is investigated using this measure. The results show that from a Kolmogorov-Chaitin viewpoint, higher-order controllers with a shorter word-length may have lower complexity and better performance, than lower-order controllers with longer word-length.

Pinning-controlled synchronization of complex networks with bounded or unbounded synchronized regions

This paper studies pinning-controlled synchronization of complex networks with bounded or unbounded synchronized regions. To study a state-feedback pinning-controlled network with N nodes, it first converts the controlled network to an extended network of N＋1 nodes without controls. It is shown that the controlled synchronizability of the given network is determined by the real part of the smallest nonzero eigenvalue of the coupling matrix of its extended network when the synchronized region is unbounded; but it is determined by the ratio of the real parts of the largest and the smallest nonzero eigenvalues of the coupling matrix when the synchronized region is bounded. Both theoretical analysis and numerical simulation show that the portion of controlled nodes has no critical values when the synchronized region is unbounded, but it has a critical value when the synchronized region is bounded. In the former case, therefore, it is possible to control the network to achieve synchronization by pinning only one node. In the latter case, the network can achieve controlled synchronization only when the portion of controlled nodes is larger than the critical value.

Infection Control after Surgical Management of Complex Retinal Detachment by Vitrectomy

Purpose:To investigate the risk factors and infection control after vitrectomy.Methods:.By analyzing the risk factors of surgical infection following vitrectomy,.a sound surgical cooperation workflow was established..A system of equipment cleaning,.disinfection, and quarantine was set up. The use of sterile implants and disposable consumables was subject to strict management and the system of operation room environment and sterile technique were strengthened.Results: Infection control during perioperative period was improved and the nursing staff's perceptions of preventing surgical infection were enhanced,.which guaranteed the safety of vitrectomy and controlled the infection rate to levels as low as0.035%.Conclusion: Proper management of vitrectomy plays a pivotal role in the prevention of post-vitrectomy surgical infection.

Controlled synchronization of complex network with different kinds of nodes

In this paper, a new dynamical network model is introduced, in which the nodes of the network are different. It is shown that by the designed controllers, the state of the network can exponentially synchronize onto a homogeneous stationary state. Some criteria are derived and some examples are presented. The numerical simulations coincide with theoretical analysis.

Disturbance rejection and H_∞ pinning control of linear complex dynamical networks

This paper concerns the disturbance rejection problem of a linear complex dynamical network subject to external disturbances. A dynamical network is said to be robust to disturbance, if the H∞ norm of its transfer function matrix from the disturbance to the performance variable is satisfactorily small. It is shown that the disturbance rejection problem of a dynamical network can be solved by analysing the H∞ control problem of a set of independent systems whose dimensions are equal to that of a single node. A counter-intuitive result is that the disturbance rejection level of the whole network with a diffusive coupling will never be better than that of an isolated node. To improve this, local feedback injections are applied to a small fraction of the nodes in the network. Some criteria for possible performance improvement are derived in terms of linear matrix inequalities. It is further demonstrated via a simulation example that one can indeed improve the disturbance rejection level of the network by pinning the nodes with higher degrees than pinning those with lower degrees.

The Similar Structures and Control Problems of Complex Systems

In this paper, the naturally evolving complex systems, such as biotic and social ones, are considered. Focusing on their structures, a feature is noteworthy, i.e., the similarity in structures. The relations between the functions and behaviors of these systems and their similar structures will be studied. Owing to the management of social systems and the course of evolution of biotic systems may be regarded as control processes, the researches will be within the scope of control problems. Moreover, since it is difficult to model for biotic and social systems, it will start with the control problems of complex systems, possessing similar structures, in engineering. The obtained results show that for either linear or nonlinear systems and for a lot of control problems similar structures lead to a series of simplifications. In general, the original system may be decomposed into reduced amount of subsystems with lower dimensions and simpler structures. By virtue of such subsystems, the control problems of original system can be solved more simply. At last, it turns round to observe the biotic and social systems and some analyses are given.

Complexity scalable control algorithm for intra coding in H.264 under energy constraints

In this paper, the complexity of intra coding is first analyzed so as to achieve a weight of complexity measurement for each intra mode. Then, a new complexity scalable control algorithm for intra coding in H. 264 is proposed, based on the rearrangement of the order of candidate modes and an efficient complexity allocation and control （CAAC） scheme at the macroblock （MB） level. The candidate modes of each MB are rearranged according to the local-edge information. Experimental results show that our proposed algorithm can make an appropriate cut-off point of the candidate modes sequence adaptively according to the current energy condition of a mobile device, so as to adjust the complexity at any level while maximizing the video quality, which can prolong the operational lifetime of the battery with minimum degradation in video quality.

Synchronization of Markovian jumping complex networks with event-triggered control

This paper investigates event-triggered synchronization for complex networks with Markovian jumping parameters.Nonlinear dynamics with Markovian jumping parameters is considered for each node in a complex network. By utilizing the proposed event-triggered strategy, and based on the Lyapunov functional method and linear matrix inequality technology,some sufficient conditions for synchronization of complex networks are derived whether the transition rate matrix for the Markov process is completely known or not. Finally, a numerical example is presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed theoretical results.

Structure identification of an uncertain network coupled with complex-variable chaotic systems via adaptive impulsive control

In this paper, structure identification of an uncertain network coupled with complex-variable chaotic systems is in- vestigated. Both the topological structure and the system parameters can be unknown and need to be identified. Based on impulsive stability theory and the Lyapunov function method, an impulsive control scheme combined with an adaptive strategy is adopted to design effective and universal network estimators. The restriction on the impulsive interval is relaxed by adopting an adaptive strategy. Further, the proposed method can monitor the online switching topology effectively. Several numerical simulations are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results.

Pinning control of a generalized complex dynamical network model

This paper investigates the local and global synchronization of a generalized complex dynamical network model with constant and delayed coupling. Without assuming symmetry of the couplings, we proved that a single controller can pin the generalized complex network to a homogenous solution. Some previous synchronization results are generalized. In this paper, we first discuss how to pin an array of delayed neural networks to the synchronous solution by adding only one controller. Next, by using the Lyapunov functional method, some sufficient conditions are derived for the local and global synchronization of the coupled systems. The obtained results are expressed in terms of LMIs, which can be efficiently checked by the Matlab LMI toolbox. Finally, an example is given to illustrate the theoretical results.

Smart Material Based Complex Mode Active Control of Flexible Manipulators with Kinematic Redundancy

An active control methodology is presented for suppressing the vibratoryresponse of flexible redundant manipulators with bonded piezoceramic actuators and strain gagesensors. Firstly, the dynamic equation of the manipulator is decoupled by means of the complex modetheory and the state-space expression of the controlled system is developed. Secondly, a continuouslinear quadratic regulator (LQR) state feedback controller is designed based on the minimumprinciple. Thirdly, a full-order Luenberger state observer featuring an assigned degree of stabilityis determined via the duality between control and estimation. Finally, a numerical simulation iscarried out on a planar 3R flexible redundant manipulator. The simulation results reveal that thedynamic performance of the system is improved rapidly and significantly.

Controlling hyperchaotic complex systems with unknown parameters based on adaptive passive method

The aim of this paper is to study the control of hyperchaofic complex nonlinear systems with unknown parameters using passive control theory. An approach is stated to design the passive controller and estimate the unknown parameters based on the property of the passive system. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated through its application to the hyperchaotic complex Lu system, as an example. The estimated values of the unknown parameters are calculated. The analytical form of the complex controller is derived and used in the numerical simulation to control the hyperchaotic attractors of this example. Block diagrams of this example using Matlab/Simulink are constructed after and before the control to ensure the validity of the analytical results. Other examples of hyperchaotic complex nonlinear systems can be similarly treated.

Novel pinning control strategies for synchronisation of complex networks with nonlinear coupling dynamics

This paper considers the global stability of controlling an uncertain complex network to a homogeneous trajectory of the uncoupled system by a local pinning control strategy. Several sufficient conditions are derived to guarantee the network synchronisation by investigating the relationship among pinning synchronisation, network topology, and coupling strength. Also, some fundamental and yet challenging problems in the pinning control of complex networks are discussed： （1） what nodes should be selected as pinned candidates？ （2） How many nodes are needed to be pinned for a fixed coupling strength？ Furthermore, an adaptive pinning control scheme is developed. In order to achieve synchronisation of an uncertain complex network, the adaptive tuning strategy of either the coupling strength or the control gain is utilised. As an illustrative example, a network with the Lorenz system as node self-dynamics is simulated to verify the efficacy of theoretical results.

Fairness in Olympic sports:How can we control the increasing complexity of doping use in high performance sports?

With the Rio Olympics just a few months past,we remember the excitement,the incredible performances,and the controversies.As happens so often,the Olympic Games focus attention not only on athletic achievements but also on how athletes may reach ever-increasing levels of performance.Doping,medical

A Novel Evolutionary-Fuzzy Control Algorithm for Complex Systems

This paper presents an adaptive fuzzy control scheme based on modified genetic algorithm. In the control scheme, genetic algorithm is used to optimze the nonlinear quantization functions of the controller and some key parameters of the adaptive control algorithm. Simulation results show that this control scheme has satisfactory performance in MIMO systems, chaotic systems and delay systems.

Traffic Control Under Complex Weather Conditions in Suining Airport

Complex weather conditions is meaning thunderstorm freezing turbulence wind-shear low visibility weather affect the flight safety.When confronted with complex weather conditions,the controllers should know the weather condition and trend weather,and notify the aircraft under your control zone.The controllers provide the required services to the pilots,help the pilots to avoid the complex weather.In this paper,through different complex weathers under different control command,get the different methods of control.

Comparison between pinning control of different chaotic complex dynamical networks

The stabilization properties of various typical complex dynamical networks composed of chaotic nodes are theoretically investigated and numerically simulated in detail. Some local stability properties of such pinned networks are derived and the valid stability regions are estimated based on eigenvalue analysis. Numerical simulations of such networks are given to explain why significantly less local controllers are needed by the specifically pinning scheme, which pins the most highly connected nodes in scale-free networks, than that required by the randomly pinning scheme. Also, it is explained why there is no significant difference between the two schemes for controlling random-graph networks and small-world networks.

Synchronous Control of Complex Networks with Fuzzy Connections

This article is based on the T-S fuzzy control theory and investigates the synchronization control problem of complex networks with fuzzy connections. Firstly, the main stability equation of a complex network system is obtained, which can determine the stability of the synchronous manifold. Secondly, the main stable system is fuzzified, and based on fuzzy control theory, the control design of the fuzzified main stable system is carried out to obtain a coupling matrix that enables the complex network to achieve complete synchronization. The numerical analysis results indicate that the control method proposed in this paper can effectively achieve synchronization control of complex networks, while also controlling the transition time for the network to achieve synchronization.