A combined survey including infrared thermography(IRT)and field-laboratory tests were conducted to analyze the thermal responses and thermal properties of loess on a landslide-prone loess slope in the Heifangtai terra...A combined survey including infrared thermography(IRT)and field-laboratory tests were conducted to analyze the thermal responses and thermal properties of loess on a landslide-prone loess slope in the Heifangtai terrace in Northwest China aiming at preliminarily demonstrating the potential of IRT as a complementary technique to the investigation of irrigation-induced loess landslides.Multitemporal thermographic surveys corresponding to various solar radiation intensities during the afternoon were carried out on the landslide-prone loess slope.Accordingly,the spatiotemporal distribution of the thermal responses within the observed slope surface was analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively.Meanwhile,field and laboratory investigations were also performed on the thermal properties of different landslide materials.The results indicate that loess,a landslide-prone deposit that usually has a relatively high water content,exhibits different thermal properties and anomalies,including a lower surface temperature and greater thermal inertia,compared to surrounding zones without landslides.The groundwater table and corresponding seepage line could also be obtained by determining the potential boundary between the thermal response distribution of landslide scarps and that of saturated deposits in the presence of landslides.The results of these investigations are expected to provide insight for future endeavors combining infrared thermography with other efficient survey methodologies(e.g.,InSAR,which can monitor the active displacement of a loess slope)to evaluate the activity of this kind of excessive irrigation-induced loess landslide.展开更多
与地下水位以下的饱和黄土力学性质相比,包气带黄土力学性质具有不同的表征参数和测试方法,其对黄土斜坡渗流场和稳定性的影响不容忽视。以甘肃黑方台地区黄土为例,分别采用张力计和轴平移技术量测了黄土的部分区段土-水特征曲线,依据Ga...与地下水位以下的饱和黄土力学性质相比,包气带黄土力学性质具有不同的表征参数和测试方法,其对黄土斜坡渗流场和稳定性的影响不容忽视。以甘肃黑方台地区黄土为例,分别采用张力计和轴平移技术量测了黄土的部分区段土-水特征曲线,依据Gardner、Van Genuchten和Fredlund and Xing 3种经验公式对轴平移测试数据进行拟合,获取了完整的土-水特征曲线。基于GDS多功能三轴仪,通过控制基质吸力的三轴剪切试验,获取了考虑基质吸力的黄土强度参数。结果显示:张力计和轴平移技术量测的部分区段土-水特征曲线具有相近的曲线形态,但张力计曲线位于轴平移技术曲线的上方;当基质吸力由100kPa减小至20kPa时,黄土内摩擦角减小约1°,粘聚力下降近22kPa;拟合所得的黑方台地区黄土的基质吸力摩擦角为15.6°。试验为进行黑方台黄土斜坡的非饱和渗流和稳定性分析提供了参数。展开更多
滑坡是一种常见的地质灾害,灌溉诱发黄土滑坡失稳是常见地质灾害之一。灌溉作用不仅改变了地下水平衡,而且降低了土体的抗滑强度,从而导致黄土滑坡的发生。针对黑方台焦家崖头13号黄土滑坡,开展了灌溉作用下滑坡失稳机理的离心模型试验...滑坡是一种常见的地质灾害,灌溉诱发黄土滑坡失稳是常见地质灾害之一。灌溉作用不仅改变了地下水平衡,而且降低了土体的抗滑强度,从而导致黄土滑坡的发生。针对黑方台焦家崖头13号黄土滑坡,开展了灌溉作用下滑坡失稳机理的离心模型试验研究,揭示了黄土滑坡的变形特性、应力水平及破坏模式。离心模型的制作考虑了"粒径效应"、"尺寸效应"。离心试验结果表明:随着加载时间和离心加速度的增大,模型坡体沉降量、坡体土压力、坡体孔隙水压力均逐渐增大;坡体沉降量由坡顶至坡脚逐渐减小,最大垂直位移为33.38 mm,坡体土压力由坡顶至坡脚逐渐增大,最大土压力为320 k Pa,坡体孔隙水压力表现为坡顶>坡脚>坡体中部,最大孔隙水压力为157.08 k Pa;坡体呈现出两级破坏模式,即第一阶段的坡脚蠕动变形,坡顶压制拉裂,第二阶段的坡体剪切滑移。展开更多
黑方台常年农业灌溉引起地下水位上升,在透水性差的粉质黏土层顶部形成了厚度不断增大的饱和黄土软弱带,导致斜坡蠕动变形诱发了大量的黄土滑坡,滑坡体在地下水的浸润作用下转化为黄土泥流向前运动。为对黄土斜坡的变形破坏机理进行分...黑方台常年农业灌溉引起地下水位上升,在透水性差的粉质黏土层顶部形成了厚度不断增大的饱和黄土软弱带,导致斜坡蠕动变形诱发了大量的黄土滑坡,滑坡体在地下水的浸润作用下转化为黄土泥流向前运动。为对黄土斜坡的变形破坏机理进行分析研究,进行了8个围压下的固结不排水试验。试验结果表明:饱和黄土应力应变模式表现为强烈的应变软化剪缩型,并具有一定的稳态特性。300 k Pa围压以下,试样强度丧失,土体完全液化,其余围压下的试样产生部分液化,抵抗变形能力增加,土体应力状态可划分为完全液化区和部分液化区。斜坡的变形破坏特征因上覆黄土厚度不同而有所差异,通过插值计算,黄土层厚度大于临界黄土厚度(约20 m)时,斜坡产生突发性滑动变形破坏,反之斜坡产生缓慢变形的黄土泥流。研究结果证明了黑方台削方减载治理工程的科学性,并为滑坡的防治和治理提供了一定的理论依据。展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41672348,41931286,52008246).
文摘A combined survey including infrared thermography(IRT)and field-laboratory tests were conducted to analyze the thermal responses and thermal properties of loess on a landslide-prone loess slope in the Heifangtai terrace in Northwest China aiming at preliminarily demonstrating the potential of IRT as a complementary technique to the investigation of irrigation-induced loess landslides.Multitemporal thermographic surveys corresponding to various solar radiation intensities during the afternoon were carried out on the landslide-prone loess slope.Accordingly,the spatiotemporal distribution of the thermal responses within the observed slope surface was analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively.Meanwhile,field and laboratory investigations were also performed on the thermal properties of different landslide materials.The results indicate that loess,a landslide-prone deposit that usually has a relatively high water content,exhibits different thermal properties and anomalies,including a lower surface temperature and greater thermal inertia,compared to surrounding zones without landslides.The groundwater table and corresponding seepage line could also be obtained by determining the potential boundary between the thermal response distribution of landslide scarps and that of saturated deposits in the presence of landslides.The results of these investigations are expected to provide insight for future endeavors combining infrared thermography with other efficient survey methodologies(e.g.,InSAR,which can monitor the active displacement of a loess slope)to evaluate the activity of this kind of excessive irrigation-induced loess landslide.
文摘与地下水位以下的饱和黄土力学性质相比,包气带黄土力学性质具有不同的表征参数和测试方法,其对黄土斜坡渗流场和稳定性的影响不容忽视。以甘肃黑方台地区黄土为例,分别采用张力计和轴平移技术量测了黄土的部分区段土-水特征曲线,依据Gardner、Van Genuchten和Fredlund and Xing 3种经验公式对轴平移测试数据进行拟合,获取了完整的土-水特征曲线。基于GDS多功能三轴仪,通过控制基质吸力的三轴剪切试验,获取了考虑基质吸力的黄土强度参数。结果显示:张力计和轴平移技术量测的部分区段土-水特征曲线具有相近的曲线形态,但张力计曲线位于轴平移技术曲线的上方;当基质吸力由100kPa减小至20kPa时,黄土内摩擦角减小约1°,粘聚力下降近22kPa;拟合所得的黑方台地区黄土的基质吸力摩擦角为15.6°。试验为进行黑方台黄土斜坡的非饱和渗流和稳定性分析提供了参数。
文摘滑坡是一种常见的地质灾害,灌溉诱发黄土滑坡失稳是常见地质灾害之一。灌溉作用不仅改变了地下水平衡,而且降低了土体的抗滑强度,从而导致黄土滑坡的发生。针对黑方台焦家崖头13号黄土滑坡,开展了灌溉作用下滑坡失稳机理的离心模型试验研究,揭示了黄土滑坡的变形特性、应力水平及破坏模式。离心模型的制作考虑了"粒径效应"、"尺寸效应"。离心试验结果表明:随着加载时间和离心加速度的增大,模型坡体沉降量、坡体土压力、坡体孔隙水压力均逐渐增大;坡体沉降量由坡顶至坡脚逐渐减小,最大垂直位移为33.38 mm,坡体土压力由坡顶至坡脚逐渐增大,最大土压力为320 k Pa,坡体孔隙水压力表现为坡顶>坡脚>坡体中部,最大孔隙水压力为157.08 k Pa;坡体呈现出两级破坏模式,即第一阶段的坡脚蠕动变形,坡顶压制拉裂,第二阶段的坡体剪切滑移。
文摘黑方台常年农业灌溉引起地下水位上升,在透水性差的粉质黏土层顶部形成了厚度不断增大的饱和黄土软弱带,导致斜坡蠕动变形诱发了大量的黄土滑坡,滑坡体在地下水的浸润作用下转化为黄土泥流向前运动。为对黄土斜坡的变形破坏机理进行分析研究,进行了8个围压下的固结不排水试验。试验结果表明:饱和黄土应力应变模式表现为强烈的应变软化剪缩型,并具有一定的稳态特性。300 k Pa围压以下,试样强度丧失,土体完全液化,其余围压下的试样产生部分液化,抵抗变形能力增加,土体应力状态可划分为完全液化区和部分液化区。斜坡的变形破坏特征因上覆黄土厚度不同而有所差异,通过插值计算,黄土层厚度大于临界黄土厚度(约20 m)时,斜坡产生突发性滑动变形破坏,反之斜坡产生缓慢变形的黄土泥流。研究结果证明了黑方台削方减载治理工程的科学性,并为滑坡的防治和治理提供了一定的理论依据。
