The ever-increasing complexity of environmental pollutants urgently warrants the development of new detection technologies.Sensors based on the optical properties of hydrogels enabling fast and easy in situ detection ...The ever-increasing complexity of environmental pollutants urgently warrants the development of new detection technologies.Sensors based on the optical properties of hydrogels enabling fast and easy in situ detection are attracting increasing attention.In this paper,the data from 138 papers about different optical hydrogels(OHs)are extracted for statistical analysis.The detection performance and potential of various types of OHs in different environmental pollutant detection scenarios were evaluated and compared to those obtained using the standard detection method.Based on this analysis,the target recognition and sensing mechanisms of two main types of OHs are reviewed and discussed:photonic crystal hydrogels(PCHs)and fluorescent hydrogels(FHs).For PCHs,the environmental stimulus response,target receptors,inverse opal structures,and molecular imprinting techniques related to PCHs are reviewed and summarized.Furthermore,the different types of fluorophores(i.e.,compound probes,biomacromolecules,quantum dots,and luminescent microbes)of FHs are discussed.Finally,the potential academic research directions to address the challenges of applying and developing OHs in environmental sensing are proposed,including the fusion of various OHs,introduction of the latest technologies in various fields to the construction of OHs,and development of multifunctional sensor arrays.展开更多
We developed a fluorescent double network hydrogel with ionic responsiveness and high mechanical properties for visual detection.The nanocomposite hydrogel of laponite and polyacrylamide serves as the first network,wh...We developed a fluorescent double network hydrogel with ionic responsiveness and high mechanical properties for visual detection.The nanocomposite hydrogel of laponite and polyacrylamide serves as the first network,while the ionic cross-linked hydrogel of terbium ions and sodium alginate serves as the second network.The double-network structure,the introduction of nanoparticles and the reversible ionic crosslinked interactions confer high mechanical properties to the hydrogel.Terbium ions are not only used as the ionic cross-linked points,but also used as green emitters to endow hydrogels with fluorescent properties.On the basis of the “antenna effect” of terbium ions and the ion exchange interaction,the fluorescence of the hydrogels can make selective responses to various ions(such as organic acid radical ions,transition metal ions) in aqueous solutions,which enables a convenient strategy for visual detection toward ions.Consequently,the fluorescent double network hydrogel fabricated in this study is promising for use in the field of visual sensor detection.展开更多
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide, and adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) followingtumor removal is one of the most commonly used treatments for breast cancer. However, the high risk of tumorrecurr...Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide, and adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) followingtumor removal is one of the most commonly used treatments for breast cancer. However, the high risk of tumorrecurrence and inevitable radiation skin injury after RT remain fatal problems, seriously challenging the patient’spostoperative rehabilitation. Herein, a multifunctional poly (lipoic acid)-based hydrogel is constructed throughone-step heating the mixture of α-lipoic acid (LA)/arginine (Arg)/silk fibroin (SF), without introducing any nonnaturalmolecules. The multiple synergistic interactions among LA, Arg, and SF not only enhance the solubilizationof LA in aqueous systems but also stabilize poly(lipoic acid) through strong salt bridge hydrogen bondsand ionic hydrogen bonds. Intriguingly, the LA-based surfactant induced β-sheet transformation of SF can furthermodulate the bulk strength of the hydrogel. Regulating the content of LA in hydrogels not only allows efficientcontrol of hydrogel bioactivity but also enables the evolution of hydrogels from injectable forms to adhesivepatches. Based on the different biological activities and forms of hydrogels, they can be implanted internally orapplied externally on the mice’s skin, achieving simultaneous prevention of tumor recurrence post-surgery andassistance in treating radiation-induced skin damage after radiotherapy.展开更多
We synthesized photo-responsive carboxymethyl chitosan(CMC-MA)via free radical polymerization and utilized nanoclay laponite(LAP)as an inorganic crosslinking agent to develop an injectable and 3D-printable CMC-MA/LAP ...We synthesized photo-responsive carboxymethyl chitosan(CMC-MA)via free radical polymerization and utilized nanoclay laponite(LAP)as an inorganic crosslinking agent to develop an injectable and 3D-printable CMC-MA/LAP hydrogel.We determined the optimal ratio of 2.5 w/v%CMC-MA/7.5 w/v%LAP based on injection molding,compression modulus,swelling properties,rheological properties,and 3D printing properties of the hydrogel system.In-vitro cytocompatibility experiments showed that both CMC-MA and CMC-MA/LAP hydrogel had no inhibitory effect on cell proliferation and can promote cell growth when cultured on the surface of the hydrogel matrix.Moreover,the hydrogel containing LAP particles significantly facilitated cell adhesion(>60%)compared with the hydrogel without LAP(20%).Our findings demonstrate that the CMC-MA/LAP hydrogel has great potential for tissue repair in neural tissue engineering.展开更多
In situ-forming hydrogels are an attractive option for corneal regeneration, and the delivery of growth factorsfrom such constructs have the potential to improve re-epithelialization and stromal remodeling. However,ch...In situ-forming hydrogels are an attractive option for corneal regeneration, and the delivery of growth factorsfrom such constructs have the potential to improve re-epithelialization and stromal remodeling. However,challenges persist in controlling the release of therapeutic molecules from hydrogels. Here, an in situ-forming bioorthogonallycrosslinked hydrogel containing growth factors tethered via photocleavable linkages (PC-HAColhydrogel) was developed to accelerate corneal regeneration. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) was conjugated tothe hydrogel backbone through photo-cleavable (PC) spacer arms and was released when exposed to mild intensityultraviolet (UV) light (2–5 mW/cm2, 365 nm). The PC-HACol hydrogel rapidly gelled within a few minuteswhen applied to corneal defects, with excellent transparency and biocompatibility. After subsequentexposure to UV irradiation, the hydrogel promoted the proliferation and migration of corneal epithelial cells invitro. The rate of re-epithelialization was positively correlated to the frequency of irradiation, verified through exvivo rabbit cornea organ culture studies. In an in vivo rat corneal wound healing study, the PC-HACol hydrogelexposed to UV light significantly promoted re-epithelialization, the remodeling of stromal layers, and exhibitedsignificant anti-scarring effects, with minimal α-SMA and robust ALDH3A1 expression. Normal differentiation ofthe regenerated epithelia after healing was evaluated by expression of the corneal epithelial biomarker, CK12.The remodeled cornea exhibited full recovery of corneal thickness and layer number without hyperplasia of theepithelium.展开更多
High-performance ion-conducting hydrogels(ICHs)are vital for developing flexible electronic devices.However,the robustness and ion-conducting behavior of ICHs deteriorate at extreme tempera-tures,hampering their use i...High-performance ion-conducting hydrogels(ICHs)are vital for developing flexible electronic devices.However,the robustness and ion-conducting behavior of ICHs deteriorate at extreme tempera-tures,hampering their use in soft electronics.To resolve these issues,a method involving freeze–thawing and ionizing radiation technology is reported herein for synthesizing a novel double-network(DN)ICH based on a poly(ionic liquid)/MXene/poly(vinyl alcohol)(PMP DN ICH)system.The well-designed ICH exhibits outstanding ionic conductivity(63.89 mS cm^(-1) at 25℃),excellent temperature resistance(-60–80℃),prolonged stability(30 d at ambient temperature),high oxidation resist-ance,remarkable antibacterial activity,decent mechanical performance,and adhesion.Additionally,the ICH performs effectively in a flexible wireless strain sensor,thermal sensor,all-solid-state supercapacitor,and single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerator,thereby highlighting its viability in constructing soft electronic devices.The highly integrated gel structure endows these flexible electronic devices with stable,reliable signal output performance.In particular,the all-solid-state supercapacitor containing the PMP DN ICH electrolyte exhibits a high areal specific capacitance of 253.38 mF cm^(-2)(current density,1 mA cm^(-2))and excellent environmental adaptability.This study paves the way for the design and fabrication of high-performance mul-tifunctional/flexible ICHs for wearable sensing,energy-storage,and energy-harvesting applications.展开更多
Interfacial solar evaporation holds immense potential for brine desalination with low carbon footprints and high energy utilization.Hydrogels,as a tunable material platform from the molecular level to the macroscopic ...Interfacial solar evaporation holds immense potential for brine desalination with low carbon footprints and high energy utilization.Hydrogels,as a tunable material platform from the molecular level to the macroscopic scale,have been considered the most promising candidate for solar evaporation.However,the simultaneous achievement of high evaporation efficiency and satisfactory tolerance to salt ions in brine remains a challenging scientific bottleneck,restricting the widespread application.Herein,we report ionization engineering,which endows polymer chains of hydrogels with electronegativity for impeding salt ions and activating water molecules,fundamentally overcoming the hydrogel salt-impeded challenge and dramatically expediting water evaporating in brine.The sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate-modified carbon black is chosen as the solar absorbers.The hydrogel reaches a ground-breaking evaporation rate of 2.9 kg m−2 h−1 in 20 wt%brine with 95.6%efficiency under one sun irradiation,surpassing most of the reported literature.More notably,such a hydrogel-based evaporator enables extracting clean water from oversaturated salt solutions and maintains durability under different high-strength deformation or a 15-day continuous operation.Meantime,on the basis of the cation selectivity induced by the electronegativity,we first propose an all-day system that evaporates during the day and generates salinity-gradient electricity using waste-evaporated brine at night,anticipating pioneer a new opportunity for all-day resource-generating systems in fields of freshwater and electricity.展开更多
Inflammatory skin disorders can cause chronic scarring and functional impairments,posing a significant burden on patients and the healthcare system.Conventional therapies,such as corticosteroids and nonsteroidal anti-...Inflammatory skin disorders can cause chronic scarring and functional impairments,posing a significant burden on patients and the healthcare system.Conventional therapies,such as corticosteroids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,are limited in efficacy and associated with adverse effects.Recently,nanozyme(NZ)-based hydrogels have shown great promise in addressing these challenges.NZ-based hydrogels possess unique therapeutic abilities by combining the therapeutic benefits of redox nanomaterials with enzymatic activity and the water-retaining capacity of hydrogels.The multifaceted therapeutic effects of these hydrogels include scavenging reactive oxygen species and other inflammatory mediators modulating immune responses toward a pro-regenerative environment and enhancing regenerative potential by triggering cell migration and differentiation.This review highlights the current state of the art in NZ-engineered hydrogels(NZ@hydrogels)for anti-inflammatory and skin regeneration applications.It also discusses the underlying chemo-mechano-biological mechanisms behind their effectiveness.Additionally,the challenges and future directions in this ground,particularly their clinical translation,are addressed.The insights provided in this review can aid in the design and engineering of novel NZ-based hydrogels,offering new possibilities for targeted and personalized skin-care therapies.展开更多
Interfacial solar-driven evaporation technology shows great potential in the field of industrial seawater desalination, and the development ofefficient and low-cost evaporation materials is key to achieving large-scale ...Interfacial solar-driven evaporation technology shows great potential in the field of industrial seawater desalination, and the development ofefficient and low-cost evaporation materials is key to achieving large-scale applications. Hydrogels are considered to be promising candidates;however, conventional hydrogel-based interfacial solar evaporators have difficulty in simultaneously meeting multiple requirements, including ahigh evaporation rate, salt resistance, and good mechanical properties. In this study, a Janus sponge-like hydrogel solar evaporator (CPAS) withexcellent comprehensive performance was successfully constructed. The introduction of biomass agar (AG) into the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)hydrogel backbone reduced the enthalpy of water evaporation, optimized the pore structure, and improved the mechanical properties. Meanwhile, by introducing hydrophobic fumed nano-silica aerogel (SA) and a synergistic foaming-crosslinking process, the hydrogel spontaneouslyformed a Janus structure with a hydrophobic surface and hydrophilic bottom properties. Based on the reduction of the evaporation enthalpy andthe modulation of the pore structure, the CPAS evaporation rate reached 3.56 kg m^(-2) h^(-1) under one sun illumination. Most importantly, owingto the hydrophobic top surface and 3D-interconnected porous channels, the evaporator could work stably in high concentrations of salt-water(25 wt% NaCl), showing strong salt resistance. Efficient water evaporation, excellent salt resistance, scalable preparation processes, and low-costraw materials make CPAS extremely promising for practical applications.展开更多
Stretchable electronics are crucial enablers for next-generation wearables intimately integrated into the human body.As the primary compliant conductors used in these devices,metallic nanostructure/elastomer composite...Stretchable electronics are crucial enablers for next-generation wearables intimately integrated into the human body.As the primary compliant conductors used in these devices,metallic nanostructure/elastomer composites often struggle to form conformal contact with the textured skin.Hybrid electrodes have been consequently developed based on conductive nanocomposite and soft hydrogels to establish seamless skin-device interfaces.However,chemical modifications are typically needed for reliable bonding,which can alter their original properties.To overcome this limitation,this study presents a facile fabrication approach for mechanically interlocked nanocomposite/hydrogel hybrid electrodes.In this physical process,soft microfoams are thermally laminated on silver nanowire nanocomposites as a porous interface,which forms an interpenetrating network with the hydrogel.The microfoam-enabled bonding strategy is generally compatible with various polymers.The resulting interlocked hybrids have a 28-fold improved interfacial toughness compared to directly stacked hybrids.These electrodes achieve firm attachment to the skin and low contact impedance using tissue-adhesive hydrogels.They have been successfully integrated into an epidermal sleeve to distinguish hand gestures by sensing mus-cle contractions.Interlocked nanocomposite/hydrogel hybrids reported here offer a promising platform to combine the benefits of both materials for epidermal devices and systems.展开更多
The integrated repair of bone and cartilage boasts advantages for osteochondral restoration such as a long-term repair effect and less deterioration compared to repairing cartilage alone.Constructing multifactorial,sp...The integrated repair of bone and cartilage boasts advantages for osteochondral restoration such as a long-term repair effect and less deterioration compared to repairing cartilage alone.Constructing multifactorial,spatially oriented scaffolds to stimulate osteochondral regeneration,has immense significance.Herein,targeted drugs,namely kartogenin@polydopamine(KGN@PDA)nanoparticles for cartilage repair and miRNA@calcium phosphate(miRNA@CaP)NPs for bone regeneration,were in situ deposited on a patterned supramolecular-assembled 2-ureido-4[lH]-pyrimidinone(UPy)modified gelation hydrogel film,facilitated by the dynamic and responsive coordination and complexation of metal ions and their ligands.This hydrogel film can be rolled into a cylindrical plug,mimicking the Haversian canal structure of natural bone.The resultant hydrogel demonstrates stable mechanical properties,a self-healing ability,a high capability for reactive oxygen species capture,and controlled release of KGN and miR-26a.In vitro,KGN@PDA and miRNA@CaP promote chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells via the JNK/RUNX1 and GSK-3β/β-catenin pathways,respectively.In vivo,the osteochondral plug exhibits optimal subchondral bone and cartilage regeneration,evidenced by a significant increase in glycosaminoglycan and collagen accumulation in specific zones,along with the successful integration of neocartilage with subchondral bone.This biomaterial delivery approach represents a significant toward improved osteochondral repair.展开更多
Myocardial damage resulting from acute myocardial infarction often leads to progressive heart failure and sudden death,highlighting the urgent clinical need for effective therapies.Recently,tanshinoneⅡA has been iden...Myocardial damage resulting from acute myocardial infarction often leads to progressive heart failure and sudden death,highlighting the urgent clinical need for effective therapies.Recently,tanshinoneⅡA has been identified as a promising therapeutic agent for myocardial infarction.However,efficient delivery remains a major issue that limits clinical translation.To address this problem,an injectable thermosensitive poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid)-block-poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid)gel(PLGA-PEG-PLGA)system encapsulating tanshinoneⅡA-loaded reactive oxygen species-sensitive microspheres(Gel-MS/tanshinoneⅡA)has been designed and synthesized in this study.The thermosensitive hydrogel exhibits good mechanical properties after reaching body temperature.Microspheres initially immobilized by the gel exhibit excellent reactive oxygen species-triggered release properties in a high-reactive oxygen species environment after myocardial infarction onset.As a result,encapsulated tanshinoneⅡA is effectively released into the infarcted myocardium,where it exerts local anti-pyroptotic and anti-inflammatory effects.Importantly,the combined advantages of this technique contribute to the mitigation of left ventricular remodeling and the restoration of cardiac function following tanshinoneⅡA.Therefore,this novel,precision-guided intra-tissue therapeutic system allows for customized local release of tanshinoneⅡA,presenting a promising alternative treatment strategy aimed at inducing beneficial ventricular remodeling in the post-infarct heart.展开更多
Hydrogel-based tissue-engineered skin has attracted increased attention due to its potential to restore the structural integrity and functionality of skin.However,the mechanical properties of hydrogel scaffolds and na...Hydrogel-based tissue-engineered skin has attracted increased attention due to its potential to restore the structural integrity and functionality of skin.However,the mechanical properties of hydrogel scaffolds and natural skin are substantially different.Here,we developed a polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)/acrylamide based interpenetrating network(IPN)hydrogel that was surface modified with polydopamine(PDA)and termed Dopa-gel.The Dopa-gel exhibited mechanical properties similar to native skin tissue and a superior ability to modulate paracrine functions.Furthermore,a tough scaffold with tensile resistance was fabricated using this hydrogel by three-dimensional printing.The results showed that the interpenetration of PVA,alginate,and polyacrylamide networks notably enhanced the mechanical properties of the hydrogel.Surface modification with PDA endowed the hydrogels with increased secretion of immunomodulatory and proangiogenic factors.In an in vivo model,Dopa-gel treatment accelerated wound closure,increased vascularization,and promoted a shift in macrophages from a proinflammatory M1 phenotype to a prohealing and anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype within the wound area.Mechanistically,the focal adhesion kinase(FAK)/extracellular signal-related kinase(ERK)signaling pathway may mediate the promotion of skin defect healing by increasing paracrine secretion via the Dopa-gel.Additionally,proangiogenic factors can be induced through Rho-associated kinase-2(ROCK-2)/vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)-mediated paracrine secretion under tensile stress conditions.Taken together,these findings suggest that the multifunctional Dopa-gel,which has good mechanical properties similar to those of native skin tissue and enhanced immunomodulatory and angiogenic properties,is a promising scaffold for skin tissue regeneration.展开更多
Hydrogel electrolytes hold great potential in flexible zinc ion supercapacitors(ZICs)due to their high conductivity,good safety,and flexibility.However,freezing of electrolytes at low temperature(subzero)leads to dras...Hydrogel electrolytes hold great potential in flexible zinc ion supercapacitors(ZICs)due to their high conductivity,good safety,and flexibility.However,freezing of electrolytes at low temperature(subzero)leads to drastic reduction in ionic conductivity and mechanical properties that deteriorates the performance of flexible ZICs.Besides,the mechanical fracture during arbitrary deformations significantly prunes out the lifespan of the flexible device.Herein,a Zn^(2+)and Li^(+)co-doped,polypyrrole-dopamine decorated Sb_(2)S_(3)incorporated,and polyvinyl alcohol/poly(N-(2-hydroxyethyl)acrylamide)double-network hydrogel electrolyte is constructed with favorable mechanical reliability,anti-freezing,and self-healing ability.In addition,it delivers ultra-high ionic conductivity of 8.6 and 3.7 S m^(-1)at 20 and−30°C,respectively,and displays excellent mechanical properties to withstand tensile stress of 1.85 MPa with tensile elongation of 760%,together with fracture energy of 5.14 MJ m^(-3).Notably,the fractured hydrogel electrolyte can recover itself after only 90 s of infrared illumination,while regaining 83%of its tensile strain and almost 100%of its ionic conductivity during−30–60°C.Moreover,ZICs coupled with this hydrogel electrolyte not only show a wide voltage window(up to 2 V),but also provide high energy density of 230 Wh kg^(-1)at power density of 500 W kg^(-1)with a capacity retention of 86.7%after 20,000 cycles under 20°C.Furthermore,the ZICs are able to retain excellent capacity even under various mechanical deformation at−30°C.This contribution will open up new insights into design of advanced wearable flexible electronics with environmental adaptability and long-life span.展开更多
BACKGROUND Bone healing is a complex process involving early inflammatory immune regu-lation,angiogenesis,osteogenic differentiation,and biomineralization.Fracture repair poses challenges for orthopedic surgeons,neces...BACKGROUND Bone healing is a complex process involving early inflammatory immune regu-lation,angiogenesis,osteogenic differentiation,and biomineralization.Fracture repair poses challenges for orthopedic surgeons,necessitating the search for efficient healing methods.AIM To investigate the underlying mechanism by which hydrogel-loaded exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)facilitate the process of fracture healing.METHODS Hydrogels and loaded BMSC-derived exosome(BMSC-exo)gels were charac-terized to validate their properties.In vitro evaluations were conducted to assess the impact of hydrogels on various stages of the healing process.Hydrogels could recruit macrophages and inhibit inflammatory responses,enhance of human umbilical vein endothelial cell angiogenesis,and promote the osteogenic differen-tiation of primary cranial osteoblasts.Furthermore,the effect of hydrogel on fracture healing was confirmed using a mouse fracture model.RESULTS The hydrogel effectively attenuated the inflammatory response during the initial repair stage and subsequently facilitated vascular migration,promoted the formation of large vessels,and enabled functional vascularization during bone repair.These effects were further validated in fracture models.CONCLUSION We successfully fabricated a hydrogel loaded with BMSC-exo that modulates macrophage polarization and angiogenesis to influence bone regeneration.展开更多
Dear Editor,Timely and effective hemostasis is of great significance for reducing body damage and mortality of patients [1]. Alginate is generally considered to be an excellent hemostatic polymer-based biomaterial and...Dear Editor,Timely and effective hemostasis is of great significance for reducing body damage and mortality of patients [1]. Alginate is generally considered to be an excellent hemostatic polymer-based biomaterial and has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration as Generally Recognized as Safe [2]. However, the violent crosslinking reaction and unstable structure at the wound site limit its clinical applications. Hence, we report a biocompatible and injectable composite hydrogel methacrylate alginate (Alg-AEMA)-based Eosin Y/N-phenylglycine (NPG)-initiated composite hydrogel (AEC) composed of photocrosslinkable alginate, viscosity modifiers and novel white light photoinitiator, namely Eosin Y/NPG system, for instant hemorrhage control.展开更多
Bacterial infection and tissue damage caused by friction are two major threats to patients’health in medical catheter implantation.Hydrogels with antibacterial and lubrication effects are competitive candidates for c...Bacterial infection and tissue damage caused by friction are two major threats to patients’health in medical catheter implantation.Hydrogels with antibacterial and lubrication effects are competitive candidates for catheter coating materials.Photothermal therapy(PTT)is a highly efficient bactericidal method.Here,a composite hydrogel containing MXene nanosheets and hydrophilic 3-sulfopropyl methacrylate potassium salt(SPMK)is reported,which is synthesized through the one-pot method and heat-initiated polymerization.The hydrogel shows excellent antibacterial performance against Escherichia coli(E.coli)and Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)in 3 min in the air or 20 min in the water environment under near-infrared light(NIR;808 nm)irradiation.The friction coefficient of the hydrogel is about 0.11,which is 48%lower than that without SPMK.The rapid photothermal sterilization is attributed to the outstanding antibacterial ability and thermal effect of photoactivated MXene.The ultra-low friction is the result of the hydration lubrication mechanism.This study provides a potential strategy for the surface coatings of biomedical catheters,which enables rapid sterilization and extremely low interface resistance between catheters and biological tissues.展开更多
Surgery remains the standard treatment for spinal metastasis.However,uncontrolled intraoperative bleeding poses a significant challenge for adequate surgical resection and compromises surgical outcomes.In this study,w...Surgery remains the standard treatment for spinal metastasis.However,uncontrolled intraoperative bleeding poses a significant challenge for adequate surgical resection and compromises surgical outcomes.In this study,we develop a thrombin(Thr)-loaded nanorobothydrogel hybrid superstructure by incorporating nanorobots into regenerated silk fibroin nanofibril hydrogels.This superstructure with superior thixotropic properties is injected percutaneously and dispersed into the spinal metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)with easy bleeding characteristics,before spinal surgery in a mouse model.Under near-infrared irradiation,the self-motile nanorobots penetrate into the deep spinal tumor,releasing Thr in a controlled manner.Thr-induced thrombosis effectively blocks the tumor vasculature and reduces bleeding,inhibiting tumor growth and postoperative recurrence with Au nanorod-mediated photothermal therapy.Our minimally invasive treatment platform provides a novel preoperative therapeutic strategy for HCC spinal metastasis effectively controlling intraoperative bleeding and tumor growth,with potentially reduced surgical complications and enhanced operative outcomes.展开更多
Supercapacitors based on two-dimensional MXene(Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(z))have shown extraordinary performance in ultrathin electrodes with low mass loading,but usually there is a significant reduction in high-rate performance ...Supercapacitors based on two-dimensional MXene(Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(z))have shown extraordinary performance in ultrathin electrodes with low mass loading,but usually there is a significant reduction in high-rate performance as the thickness increases,caused by increasing ion diffusion limitation.Further limitations include restacking of the nanosheets,which makes it challenging to realize the full potential of these electrode materials.Herein,we demonstrate the design of a vertically aligned MXene hydrogel composite,achieved by thermal-assisted self-assembled gelation,for high-rate energy storage.The highly interconnected MXene network in the hydrogel architecture provides very good electron transport properties,and its vertical ion channel structure facilitates rapid ion transport.The resulting hydrogel electrode show excellent performance in both aqueous and organic electrolytes with respect to high capacitance,stability,and high-rate capability for up to 300μm thick electrodes,which represents a significant step toward practical applications.展开更多
A combination of hydrogels and microfluidics allows the construction of biomimetic three-dimensional(3D)tissue models in vitro,which are also known as organ-on-a-chipmodels.The hydrogel patterningwith awell-controlled...A combination of hydrogels and microfluidics allows the construction of biomimetic three-dimensional(3D)tissue models in vitro,which are also known as organ-on-a-chipmodels.The hydrogel patterningwith awell-controlled spatial distribution is typically achieved by embedding sophisticated microstructures to act as a boundary.However,these physical barriers inevitably expose cells/tissues to a less physiologically relevant microenvironment than in vivo conditions.Herein,we present a novel dissolvable temporary barrier(DTB)strategy that allows robust and flexible hydrogel patterning with great freedom of design and desirable flow stimuli for cellular hydrogels.The key aspect of this approach is the patterning of a water-soluble rigid barrier as a guiding path for the hydrogel using stencil printing technology,followed by a barrier-free medium perfusion after the dissolution of the DTB.Single and multiple tissue compartments with different geometries can be established using either straight or curved DTB structures.The effectiveness of this strategy is further validated by generating a 3D vascular network through vasculogenesis and angiogenesis using a vascularized microtumor model.As a new proof-of-concept in vasculature-on-a-chip,DTB enables seamless contact between the hydrogel and the culture medium in closed microdevices,which is an improved protocol for the fabrication ofmultiorgan chips.Therefore,we expect it to serve as a promising paradigm for organ-on-a-chip devices for the development of tumor vascularization and drug evaluation in the future preclinical studies.展开更多
基金supported by the China National Natural Science Foundation(No.2212260192043301+1 种基金91843301)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(20ZR1404300 and 212307128)
文摘The ever-increasing complexity of environmental pollutants urgently warrants the development of new detection technologies.Sensors based on the optical properties of hydrogels enabling fast and easy in situ detection are attracting increasing attention.In this paper,the data from 138 papers about different optical hydrogels(OHs)are extracted for statistical analysis.The detection performance and potential of various types of OHs in different environmental pollutant detection scenarios were evaluated and compared to those obtained using the standard detection method.Based on this analysis,the target recognition and sensing mechanisms of two main types of OHs are reviewed and discussed:photonic crystal hydrogels(PCHs)and fluorescent hydrogels(FHs).For PCHs,the environmental stimulus response,target receptors,inverse opal structures,and molecular imprinting techniques related to PCHs are reviewed and summarized.Furthermore,the different types of fluorophores(i.e.,compound probes,biomacromolecules,quantum dots,and luminescent microbes)of FHs are discussed.Finally,the potential academic research directions to address the challenges of applying and developing OHs in environmental sensing are proposed,including the fusion of various OHs,introduction of the latest technologies in various fields to the construction of OHs,and development of multifunctional sensor arrays.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51873167)the National Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program for College Students(No.226801001)。
文摘We developed a fluorescent double network hydrogel with ionic responsiveness and high mechanical properties for visual detection.The nanocomposite hydrogel of laponite and polyacrylamide serves as the first network,while the ionic cross-linked hydrogel of terbium ions and sodium alginate serves as the second network.The double-network structure,the introduction of nanoparticles and the reversible ionic crosslinked interactions confer high mechanical properties to the hydrogel.Terbium ions are not only used as the ionic cross-linked points,but also used as green emitters to endow hydrogels with fluorescent properties.On the basis of the “antenna effect” of terbium ions and the ion exchange interaction,the fluorescence of the hydrogels can make selective responses to various ions(such as organic acid radical ions,transition metal ions) in aqueous solutions,which enables a convenient strategy for visual detection toward ions.Consequently,the fluorescent double network hydrogel fabricated in this study is promising for use in the field of visual sensor detection.
基金support for this work from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52233008,52303201,32301120)Program for talents in Scientific and technological Innovation of Tianjin University(Grant No.2023XQM-0047)the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(2023-12M-QJ-016,2022-I2M-2-003,2021-I2M-1060).
文摘Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide, and adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) followingtumor removal is one of the most commonly used treatments for breast cancer. However, the high risk of tumorrecurrence and inevitable radiation skin injury after RT remain fatal problems, seriously challenging the patient’spostoperative rehabilitation. Herein, a multifunctional poly (lipoic acid)-based hydrogel is constructed throughone-step heating the mixture of α-lipoic acid (LA)/arginine (Arg)/silk fibroin (SF), without introducing any nonnaturalmolecules. The multiple synergistic interactions among LA, Arg, and SF not only enhance the solubilizationof LA in aqueous systems but also stabilize poly(lipoic acid) through strong salt bridge hydrogen bondsand ionic hydrogen bonds. Intriguingly, the LA-based surfactant induced β-sheet transformation of SF can furthermodulate the bulk strength of the hydrogel. Regulating the content of LA in hydrogels not only allows efficientcontrol of hydrogel bioactivity but also enables the evolution of hydrogels from injectable forms to adhesivepatches. Based on the different biological activities and forms of hydrogels, they can be implanted internally orapplied externally on the mice’s skin, achieving simultaneous prevention of tumor recurrence post-surgery andassistance in treating radiation-induced skin damage after radiotherapy.
基金Funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(No.2022CFB386)。
文摘We synthesized photo-responsive carboxymethyl chitosan(CMC-MA)via free radical polymerization and utilized nanoclay laponite(LAP)as an inorganic crosslinking agent to develop an injectable and 3D-printable CMC-MA/LAP hydrogel.We determined the optimal ratio of 2.5 w/v%CMC-MA/7.5 w/v%LAP based on injection molding,compression modulus,swelling properties,rheological properties,and 3D printing properties of the hydrogel system.In-vitro cytocompatibility experiments showed that both CMC-MA and CMC-MA/LAP hydrogel had no inhibitory effect on cell proliferation and can promote cell growth when cultured on the surface of the hydrogel matrix.Moreover,the hydrogel containing LAP particles significantly facilitated cell adhesion(>60%)compared with the hydrogel without LAP(20%).Our findings demonstrate that the CMC-MA/LAP hydrogel has great potential for tissue repair in neural tissue engineering.
基金supported by a departmental core grant fromResearch to Prevent Blindness (RPB) as well as funding from the NationalEye Institute (NIH R01 EY035697, R01 EY033363-03,K99EY034168, and P30 EY026877)Harrington Discovery InstituteScholar-Innovator Program, and the Basic Science Research Programthrough the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by theMinistry of Education (RS-2023-00247051)Experiments were alsoperformed in the Stanford Nano Shared Facilities and the StanfordSchool of Engineering Soft Materials Facility.
文摘In situ-forming hydrogels are an attractive option for corneal regeneration, and the delivery of growth factorsfrom such constructs have the potential to improve re-epithelialization and stromal remodeling. However,challenges persist in controlling the release of therapeutic molecules from hydrogels. Here, an in situ-forming bioorthogonallycrosslinked hydrogel containing growth factors tethered via photocleavable linkages (PC-HAColhydrogel) was developed to accelerate corneal regeneration. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) was conjugated tothe hydrogel backbone through photo-cleavable (PC) spacer arms and was released when exposed to mild intensityultraviolet (UV) light (2–5 mW/cm2, 365 nm). The PC-HACol hydrogel rapidly gelled within a few minuteswhen applied to corneal defects, with excellent transparency and biocompatibility. After subsequentexposure to UV irradiation, the hydrogel promoted the proliferation and migration of corneal epithelial cells invitro. The rate of re-epithelialization was positively correlated to the frequency of irradiation, verified through exvivo rabbit cornea organ culture studies. In an in vivo rat corneal wound healing study, the PC-HACol hydrogelexposed to UV light significantly promoted re-epithelialization, the remodeling of stromal layers, and exhibitedsignificant anti-scarring effects, with minimal α-SMA and robust ALDH3A1 expression. Normal differentiation ofthe regenerated epithelia after healing was evaluated by expression of the corneal epithelial biomarker, CK12.The remodeled cornea exhibited full recovery of corneal thickness and layer number without hyperplasia of theepithelium.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11875138,52077095).
文摘High-performance ion-conducting hydrogels(ICHs)are vital for developing flexible electronic devices.However,the robustness and ion-conducting behavior of ICHs deteriorate at extreme tempera-tures,hampering their use in soft electronics.To resolve these issues,a method involving freeze–thawing and ionizing radiation technology is reported herein for synthesizing a novel double-network(DN)ICH based on a poly(ionic liquid)/MXene/poly(vinyl alcohol)(PMP DN ICH)system.The well-designed ICH exhibits outstanding ionic conductivity(63.89 mS cm^(-1) at 25℃),excellent temperature resistance(-60–80℃),prolonged stability(30 d at ambient temperature),high oxidation resist-ance,remarkable antibacterial activity,decent mechanical performance,and adhesion.Additionally,the ICH performs effectively in a flexible wireless strain sensor,thermal sensor,all-solid-state supercapacitor,and single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerator,thereby highlighting its viability in constructing soft electronic devices.The highly integrated gel structure endows these flexible electronic devices with stable,reliable signal output performance.In particular,the all-solid-state supercapacitor containing the PMP DN ICH electrolyte exhibits a high areal specific capacitance of 253.38 mF cm^(-2)(current density,1 mA cm^(-2))and excellent environmental adaptability.This study paves the way for the design and fabrication of high-performance mul-tifunctional/flexible ICHs for wearable sensing,energy-storage,and energy-harvesting applications.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52076028).
文摘Interfacial solar evaporation holds immense potential for brine desalination with low carbon footprints and high energy utilization.Hydrogels,as a tunable material platform from the molecular level to the macroscopic scale,have been considered the most promising candidate for solar evaporation.However,the simultaneous achievement of high evaporation efficiency and satisfactory tolerance to salt ions in brine remains a challenging scientific bottleneck,restricting the widespread application.Herein,we report ionization engineering,which endows polymer chains of hydrogels with electronegativity for impeding salt ions and activating water molecules,fundamentally overcoming the hydrogel salt-impeded challenge and dramatically expediting water evaporating in brine.The sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate-modified carbon black is chosen as the solar absorbers.The hydrogel reaches a ground-breaking evaporation rate of 2.9 kg m−2 h−1 in 20 wt%brine with 95.6%efficiency under one sun irradiation,surpassing most of the reported literature.More notably,such a hydrogel-based evaporator enables extracting clean water from oversaturated salt solutions and maintains durability under different high-strength deformation or a 15-day continuous operation.Meantime,on the basis of the cation selectivity induced by the electronegativity,we first propose an all-day system that evaporates during the day and generates salinity-gradient electricity using waste-evaporated brine at night,anticipating pioneer a new opportunity for all-day resource-generating systems in fields of freshwater and electricity.
基金supported by the grants from National Research Foundation(NRF,#2021R1A5A2022318,#RS-2023-00220408,#RS-2023-00247485),Republic of Korea.
文摘Inflammatory skin disorders can cause chronic scarring and functional impairments,posing a significant burden on patients and the healthcare system.Conventional therapies,such as corticosteroids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,are limited in efficacy and associated with adverse effects.Recently,nanozyme(NZ)-based hydrogels have shown great promise in addressing these challenges.NZ-based hydrogels possess unique therapeutic abilities by combining the therapeutic benefits of redox nanomaterials with enzymatic activity and the water-retaining capacity of hydrogels.The multifaceted therapeutic effects of these hydrogels include scavenging reactive oxygen species and other inflammatory mediators modulating immune responses toward a pro-regenerative environment and enhancing regenerative potential by triggering cell migration and differentiation.This review highlights the current state of the art in NZ-engineered hydrogels(NZ@hydrogels)for anti-inflammatory and skin regeneration applications.It also discusses the underlying chemo-mechano-biological mechanisms behind their effectiveness.Additionally,the challenges and future directions in this ground,particularly their clinical translation,are addressed.The insights provided in this review can aid in the design and engineering of novel NZ-based hydrogels,offering new possibilities for targeted and personalized skin-care therapies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22278110)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M720984)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province of China(B2021202012)Tianjin Technical Innovation Guidance Special Project(20YDTPJC00630).
文摘Interfacial solar-driven evaporation technology shows great potential in the field of industrial seawater desalination, and the development ofefficient and low-cost evaporation materials is key to achieving large-scale applications. Hydrogels are considered to be promising candidates;however, conventional hydrogel-based interfacial solar evaporators have difficulty in simultaneously meeting multiple requirements, including ahigh evaporation rate, salt resistance, and good mechanical properties. In this study, a Janus sponge-like hydrogel solar evaporator (CPAS) withexcellent comprehensive performance was successfully constructed. The introduction of biomass agar (AG) into the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)hydrogel backbone reduced the enthalpy of water evaporation, optimized the pore structure, and improved the mechanical properties. Meanwhile, by introducing hydrophobic fumed nano-silica aerogel (SA) and a synergistic foaming-crosslinking process, the hydrogel spontaneouslyformed a Janus structure with a hydrophobic surface and hydrophilic bottom properties. Based on the reduction of the evaporation enthalpy andthe modulation of the pore structure, the CPAS evaporation rate reached 3.56 kg m^(-2) h^(-1) under one sun illumination. Most importantly, owingto the hydrophobic top surface and 3D-interconnected porous channels, the evaporator could work stably in high concentrations of salt-water(25 wt% NaCl), showing strong salt resistance. Efficient water evaporation, excellent salt resistance, scalable preparation processes, and low-costraw materials make CPAS extremely promising for practical applications.
基金We acknowledge the support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFA1405000)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,Major Project(Grant No.BK20212004)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62374083)the State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science(Grant No.5431ZZXM2205).
文摘Stretchable electronics are crucial enablers for next-generation wearables intimately integrated into the human body.As the primary compliant conductors used in these devices,metallic nanostructure/elastomer composites often struggle to form conformal contact with the textured skin.Hybrid electrodes have been consequently developed based on conductive nanocomposite and soft hydrogels to establish seamless skin-device interfaces.However,chemical modifications are typically needed for reliable bonding,which can alter their original properties.To overcome this limitation,this study presents a facile fabrication approach for mechanically interlocked nanocomposite/hydrogel hybrid electrodes.In this physical process,soft microfoams are thermally laminated on silver nanowire nanocomposites as a porous interface,which forms an interpenetrating network with the hydrogel.The microfoam-enabled bonding strategy is generally compatible with various polymers.The resulting interlocked hybrids have a 28-fold improved interfacial toughness compared to directly stacked hybrids.These electrodes achieve firm attachment to the skin and low contact impedance using tissue-adhesive hydrogels.They have been successfully integrated into an epidermal sleeve to distinguish hand gestures by sensing mus-cle contractions.Interlocked nanocomposite/hydrogel hybrids reported here offer a promising platform to combine the benefits of both materials for epidermal devices and systems.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.82072413,82101649)National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2021YFE0105400).
文摘The integrated repair of bone and cartilage boasts advantages for osteochondral restoration such as a long-term repair effect and less deterioration compared to repairing cartilage alone.Constructing multifactorial,spatially oriented scaffolds to stimulate osteochondral regeneration,has immense significance.Herein,targeted drugs,namely kartogenin@polydopamine(KGN@PDA)nanoparticles for cartilage repair and miRNA@calcium phosphate(miRNA@CaP)NPs for bone regeneration,were in situ deposited on a patterned supramolecular-assembled 2-ureido-4[lH]-pyrimidinone(UPy)modified gelation hydrogel film,facilitated by the dynamic and responsive coordination and complexation of metal ions and their ligands.This hydrogel film can be rolled into a cylindrical plug,mimicking the Haversian canal structure of natural bone.The resultant hydrogel demonstrates stable mechanical properties,a self-healing ability,a high capability for reactive oxygen species capture,and controlled release of KGN and miR-26a.In vitro,KGN@PDA and miRNA@CaP promote chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells via the JNK/RUNX1 and GSK-3β/β-catenin pathways,respectively.In vivo,the osteochondral plug exhibits optimal subchondral bone and cartilage regeneration,evidenced by a significant increase in glycosaminoglycan and collagen accumulation in specific zones,along with the successful integration of neocartilage with subchondral bone.This biomaterial delivery approach represents a significant toward improved osteochondral repair.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82104962,82104647,82274271)Scientific Research Project of Guangdong Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(20211070)+2 种基金Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangzhou(202102010301)Young Talents Support Project from China Association of Chinese Medicine(2019-QNRC2-C06)Team of Prevention and Treatment of Acute Myocardial Infarction with Chinese Medicine(2019KCXTD009)
文摘Myocardial damage resulting from acute myocardial infarction often leads to progressive heart failure and sudden death,highlighting the urgent clinical need for effective therapies.Recently,tanshinoneⅡA has been identified as a promising therapeutic agent for myocardial infarction.However,efficient delivery remains a major issue that limits clinical translation.To address this problem,an injectable thermosensitive poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid)-block-poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid)gel(PLGA-PEG-PLGA)system encapsulating tanshinoneⅡA-loaded reactive oxygen species-sensitive microspheres(Gel-MS/tanshinoneⅡA)has been designed and synthesized in this study.The thermosensitive hydrogel exhibits good mechanical properties after reaching body temperature.Microspheres initially immobilized by the gel exhibit excellent reactive oxygen species-triggered release properties in a high-reactive oxygen species environment after myocardial infarction onset.As a result,encapsulated tanshinoneⅡA is effectively released into the infarcted myocardium,where it exerts local anti-pyroptotic and anti-inflammatory effects.Importantly,the combined advantages of this technique contribute to the mitigation of left ventricular remodeling and the restoration of cardiac function following tanshinoneⅡA.Therefore,this novel,precision-guided intra-tissue therapeutic system allows for customized local release of tanshinoneⅡA,presenting a promising alternative treatment strategy aimed at inducing beneficial ventricular remodeling in the post-infarct heart.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32271413 and 32271408)the National Basic Research Program of China(2021YFA1201404)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20232023)the Science Program of Jiangsu Province Administration for Market Regulation(KJ2024010)the Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Center Foundation,and the Jiangsu Provincial Medical Outstanding Talent Foundation.
文摘Hydrogel-based tissue-engineered skin has attracted increased attention due to its potential to restore the structural integrity and functionality of skin.However,the mechanical properties of hydrogel scaffolds and natural skin are substantially different.Here,we developed a polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)/acrylamide based interpenetrating network(IPN)hydrogel that was surface modified with polydopamine(PDA)and termed Dopa-gel.The Dopa-gel exhibited mechanical properties similar to native skin tissue and a superior ability to modulate paracrine functions.Furthermore,a tough scaffold with tensile resistance was fabricated using this hydrogel by three-dimensional printing.The results showed that the interpenetration of PVA,alginate,and polyacrylamide networks notably enhanced the mechanical properties of the hydrogel.Surface modification with PDA endowed the hydrogels with increased secretion of immunomodulatory and proangiogenic factors.In an in vivo model,Dopa-gel treatment accelerated wound closure,increased vascularization,and promoted a shift in macrophages from a proinflammatory M1 phenotype to a prohealing and anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype within the wound area.Mechanistically,the focal adhesion kinase(FAK)/extracellular signal-related kinase(ERK)signaling pathway may mediate the promotion of skin defect healing by increasing paracrine secretion via the Dopa-gel.Additionally,proangiogenic factors can be induced through Rho-associated kinase-2(ROCK-2)/vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)-mediated paracrine secretion under tensile stress conditions.Taken together,these findings suggest that the multifunctional Dopa-gel,which has good mechanical properties similar to those of native skin tissue and enhanced immunomodulatory and angiogenic properties,is a promising scaffold for skin tissue regeneration.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52174247 and 22302066)“Hejian”Innovative Talent Project of Hunan Province(No.2022RC1088)+1 种基金the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation(2023JJ40255)the Scientific Research Foundation of Hunan Provincial Education(22B0599 and 23A0442)。
文摘Hydrogel electrolytes hold great potential in flexible zinc ion supercapacitors(ZICs)due to their high conductivity,good safety,and flexibility.However,freezing of electrolytes at low temperature(subzero)leads to drastic reduction in ionic conductivity and mechanical properties that deteriorates the performance of flexible ZICs.Besides,the mechanical fracture during arbitrary deformations significantly prunes out the lifespan of the flexible device.Herein,a Zn^(2+)and Li^(+)co-doped,polypyrrole-dopamine decorated Sb_(2)S_(3)incorporated,and polyvinyl alcohol/poly(N-(2-hydroxyethyl)acrylamide)double-network hydrogel electrolyte is constructed with favorable mechanical reliability,anti-freezing,and self-healing ability.In addition,it delivers ultra-high ionic conductivity of 8.6 and 3.7 S m^(-1)at 20 and−30°C,respectively,and displays excellent mechanical properties to withstand tensile stress of 1.85 MPa with tensile elongation of 760%,together with fracture energy of 5.14 MJ m^(-3).Notably,the fractured hydrogel electrolyte can recover itself after only 90 s of infrared illumination,while regaining 83%of its tensile strain and almost 100%of its ionic conductivity during−30–60°C.Moreover,ZICs coupled with this hydrogel electrolyte not only show a wide voltage window(up to 2 V),but also provide high energy density of 230 Wh kg^(-1)at power density of 500 W kg^(-1)with a capacity retention of 86.7%after 20,000 cycles under 20°C.Furthermore,the ZICs are able to retain excellent capacity even under various mechanical deformation at−30°C.This contribution will open up new insights into design of advanced wearable flexible electronics with environmental adaptability and long-life span.
文摘BACKGROUND Bone healing is a complex process involving early inflammatory immune regu-lation,angiogenesis,osteogenic differentiation,and biomineralization.Fracture repair poses challenges for orthopedic surgeons,necessitating the search for efficient healing methods.AIM To investigate the underlying mechanism by which hydrogel-loaded exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)facilitate the process of fracture healing.METHODS Hydrogels and loaded BMSC-derived exosome(BMSC-exo)gels were charac-terized to validate their properties.In vitro evaluations were conducted to assess the impact of hydrogels on various stages of the healing process.Hydrogels could recruit macrophages and inhibit inflammatory responses,enhance of human umbilical vein endothelial cell angiogenesis,and promote the osteogenic differen-tiation of primary cranial osteoblasts.Furthermore,the effect of hydrogel on fracture healing was confirmed using a mouse fracture model.RESULTS The hydrogel effectively attenuated the inflammatory response during the initial repair stage and subsequently facilitated vascular migration,promoted the formation of large vessels,and enabled functional vascularization during bone repair.These effects were further validated in fracture models.CONCLUSION We successfully fabricated a hydrogel loaded with BMSC-exo that modulates macrophage polarization and angiogenesis to influence bone regeneration.
基金National Key Research and Development Program(2022YFA1104604,2017YFC1103303)Science Fund for National Defense Distinguished Young Scholars(2022-JCJQ-ZQ-016)+2 种基金National Nature Science Foundation of China(32000969,82002056,92268206)Military Medical Research Projects(145AKJ260015000X,2022-JCJQ-ZD-096-00)Key Support Program for Growth Factor Research(SZYZ-TR-03).
文摘Dear Editor,Timely and effective hemostasis is of great significance for reducing body damage and mortality of patients [1]. Alginate is generally considered to be an excellent hemostatic polymer-based biomaterial and has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration as Generally Recognized as Safe [2]. However, the violent crosslinking reaction and unstable structure at the wound site limit its clinical applications. Hence, we report a biocompatible and injectable composite hydrogel methacrylate alginate (Alg-AEMA)-based Eosin Y/N-phenylglycine (NPG)-initiated composite hydrogel (AEC) composed of photocrosslinkable alginate, viscosity modifiers and novel white light photoinitiator, namely Eosin Y/NPG system, for instant hemorrhage control.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52175187)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.3102019JC001)the Research Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing(NPU),China(No.2023-TS-06).
文摘Bacterial infection and tissue damage caused by friction are two major threats to patients’health in medical catheter implantation.Hydrogels with antibacterial and lubrication effects are competitive candidates for catheter coating materials.Photothermal therapy(PTT)is a highly efficient bactericidal method.Here,a composite hydrogel containing MXene nanosheets and hydrophilic 3-sulfopropyl methacrylate potassium salt(SPMK)is reported,which is synthesized through the one-pot method and heat-initiated polymerization.The hydrogel shows excellent antibacterial performance against Escherichia coli(E.coli)and Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)in 3 min in the air or 20 min in the water environment under near-infrared light(NIR;808 nm)irradiation.The friction coefficient of the hydrogel is about 0.11,which is 48%lower than that without SPMK.The rapid photothermal sterilization is attributed to the outstanding antibacterial ability and thermal effect of photoactivated MXene.The ultra-low friction is the result of the hydration lubrication mechanism.This study provides a potential strategy for the surface coatings of biomedical catheters,which enables rapid sterilization and extremely low interface resistance between catheters and biological tissues.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52103171,82172738,82272457,22305044)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2023M730638)+3 种基金“Technology Innovation Action Plan”of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(21S11902700)Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(21ZR1412300),Shanghai Science and Technology program(23Y31900202,23010502600)Shanghai“Rising Stars of Medical Talent”Youth Development Program(Youth Medical Talents-Specialist Program,[2020]087)Medical Engineering fund of Fudan University(yg2023-27).
文摘Surgery remains the standard treatment for spinal metastasis.However,uncontrolled intraoperative bleeding poses a significant challenge for adequate surgical resection and compromises surgical outcomes.In this study,we develop a thrombin(Thr)-loaded nanorobothydrogel hybrid superstructure by incorporating nanorobots into regenerated silk fibroin nanofibril hydrogels.This superstructure with superior thixotropic properties is injected percutaneously and dispersed into the spinal metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)with easy bleeding characteristics,before spinal surgery in a mouse model.Under near-infrared irradiation,the self-motile nanorobots penetrate into the deep spinal tumor,releasing Thr in a controlled manner.Thr-induced thrombosis effectively blocks the tumor vasculature and reduces bleeding,inhibiting tumor growth and postoperative recurrence with Au nanorod-mediated photothermal therapy.Our minimally invasive treatment platform provides a novel preoperative therapeutic strategy for HCC spinal metastasis effectively controlling intraoperative bleeding and tumor growth,with potentially reduced surgical complications and enhanced operative outcomes.
基金financed by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52103212)Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation(20224BAB214022)+7 种基金the SSF Synergy Program(EM16-0004)Swedish Energy Agency(EM 42033-1)the Knut and Alice Wal enberg(KAW)Foundation through a Fellowship Grant and a Project Grant(KAW2020.0033)Support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61774077)the Youth Projects of Joint Fund of Basic and Applied Basic Research Fund of Guangdong Province(2020A1515110738)the Key Projects of Joint Fund of Basic and Applied Basic Research Fund of Guangdong Province(2019B1515120073)the High-End Foreign Experts Project(G20200019046)the Guangzhou Key laboratory of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials Open Projects Fund(KFVE20200006)
文摘Supercapacitors based on two-dimensional MXene(Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(z))have shown extraordinary performance in ultrathin electrodes with low mass loading,but usually there is a significant reduction in high-rate performance as the thickness increases,caused by increasing ion diffusion limitation.Further limitations include restacking of the nanosheets,which makes it challenging to realize the full potential of these electrode materials.Herein,we demonstrate the design of a vertically aligned MXene hydrogel composite,achieved by thermal-assisted self-assembled gelation,for high-rate energy storage.The highly interconnected MXene network in the hydrogel architecture provides very good electron transport properties,and its vertical ion channel structure facilitates rapid ion transport.The resulting hydrogel electrode show excellent performance in both aqueous and organic electrolytes with respect to high capacitance,stability,and high-rate capability for up to 300μm thick electrodes,which represents a significant step toward practical applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31972929 and 62231025)the Research Program of Shanghai Science and Technology Committee(Nos.21140901300 and 20DZ2220400)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing,China(No.CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX0767)the Interdisciplinary Program of Shanghai Jiao Tong University(Nos.YG2021ZD22 and YG2023LC04)the Foundation of National Center for Translational Medicine(Shanghai)SHU Branch(No.SUITM-2023008)the Cross-disciplinary Research Fund of Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine(No.JYJC202108).
文摘A combination of hydrogels and microfluidics allows the construction of biomimetic three-dimensional(3D)tissue models in vitro,which are also known as organ-on-a-chipmodels.The hydrogel patterningwith awell-controlled spatial distribution is typically achieved by embedding sophisticated microstructures to act as a boundary.However,these physical barriers inevitably expose cells/tissues to a less physiologically relevant microenvironment than in vivo conditions.Herein,we present a novel dissolvable temporary barrier(DTB)strategy that allows robust and flexible hydrogel patterning with great freedom of design and desirable flow stimuli for cellular hydrogels.The key aspect of this approach is the patterning of a water-soluble rigid barrier as a guiding path for the hydrogel using stencil printing technology,followed by a barrier-free medium perfusion after the dissolution of the DTB.Single and multiple tissue compartments with different geometries can be established using either straight or curved DTB structures.The effectiveness of this strategy is further validated by generating a 3D vascular network through vasculogenesis and angiogenesis using a vascularized microtumor model.As a new proof-of-concept in vasculature-on-a-chip,DTB enables seamless contact between the hydrogel and the culture medium in closed microdevices,which is an improved protocol for the fabrication ofmultiorgan chips.Therefore,we expect it to serve as a promising paradigm for organ-on-a-chip devices for the development of tumor vascularization and drug evaluation in the future preclinical studies.