How Presence Affects College Students’Online Learning Outcomes:Unveiling Its Underlying Mechanism

Over the past few years,China’s higher education institutions have experienced remarkable growth in online teaching.However,it remains uncertain whether and how the sense of presence perceived by students affects their online learning outcomes when teachers use online teaching media for communication.This sense specifically pertains to the extent to which students perceive themselves as“real persons”and establish connections with others.Therefore,this study constructs a conceptual model elucidating the impact of presence on students’online learning outcomes and empirically examines the mechanism through which three types of presence influence students’online learning.The test results of the structural equation modeling(SEM)indicate that:(a)teaching presence,social presence,and cognitive presence all exhibit significantly positive outcomes on students’online learning outcomes;(b)these three types of presence can also indirectly and positively influence students’online learning outcomes through the mediating effect of flow experience and learning satisfaction;and(c)flow experience and learning satisfaction play a sequential mediating role in the process by which presence impacts students’online learning outcomes.We hope that the relevant research findings may contribute to unveiling the“black box”of the impact of presence on students’online learning outcomes and offer valuable insights for college educators to overcome online teaching constraints and enhance online teaching quality.

An Empirical Study of the Influence of Online Learning Behaviors on Learning Outcomes in Blended Teaching Mode—Taking College English Listening as an Example

Blended teaching, which integrates the advantages of online and offline teaching, has become the main direction of higher education teaching reform. In the era of education big data, research on the online learners’ behavior based on data mining has attracted more and more attention from higher education researchers. However, in the field of foreign language teaching, research on the relationship between online learning behaviors and learning outcomes in the blended teaching mode is still at an early stage. Taking the course College English Listening in Zhejiang Yuexiu University (ZYU) as an example, this study conducted a comprehensive data analysis of online learning behaviors of 152 students of ZYU to explore the influence of online learning behaviors on learning outcomes in the blended teaching mode by utilizing Microsoft Excel and SPSS.20 statistic software. The result shows that the number of course login, the quantity and the quality of forum replies, the number of note submission, the quality of the notes, the average score of vocabulary tests, the number of the times of taking listening tests and the average score of listening tests are all significantly and positively correlated with students’ learning outcomes, while the study does not find a correlation between students’ learning outcomes and the number of the times of taking vocabulary tests, the total length of online learning and the length of video viewing. Based on the study results, implications are put forward to give reference for the teaching design and the management of the foreign language blended courses.

Mediating effect of e-learning quality on learning outcomes through student satisfaction in nursing education

Objective:This study aimed to determine the relationships between e-learning quality,student satisfaction,and learning outcomes and the mediating effect of student satisfaction.Methods:A cross-sectional quantitative correlational study using a predictive design and multivariate analysis method was employed in this study.A sample of 241 nursing students were recruited through an online survey based on a stratified random sampling technique.The variance-based Par tial Least Squares Structural Modeling analysis method was used to test the possible relationship and mediating effect among the variables.Results:The findings revealed statistical y significant relationships between e-learning quality,student satisfaction,and learning outcomes.A mediating effect of 37.2%is predicted for e-learning quality on learning outcomes through student satisfaction.Conclusions:This study emphasizes the learning needs of working nurses and the impact on their learning outcomes in e-learning nursing undergraduate programs.Advances in e-learning education have assisted nurses to be more self-sufficient in their pursuit of lifelong learning.

Achieve Intended Learning Outcomes and Improving Digital Literacy Skills for Practical-Based Subjects Using Online Teaching via Propagation of OER Materials

As professors are subjected to teaching their classes online due to the recent COVID-19, our local Hong Kong students find it difficult to consult their teachers, and ultimately would fail to achieve the intended learning outcomes, especially for practical-based subjects. In this research, students having online classes of a practical-based fabric design subject were encouraged to self-study from Open Educational Resource (OER) materials for a further and better understanding of their subject. Additionally, online materials were developed to improve students’ understanding via skill of digital literacy. Their learning progress was evaluated and compared to the face-to-face version. The majority of students found online classes combined with self-studying OER materials, potentially be a substitute for face-to-face classes. Most of the students further opined different OER videos assisted them without any face-to-face instructions in practical works, to develop new fabric samples from the inspiration. Analysis of test results, and comparison of students’ final grades with different learning modes, supported these phenomena.

Learning outcomes of nursing curriculum in Turkey:a cross-sectional study

Objective:To assess the nursing curriculum and point out learning outcomes in Turkey.Methods:A cross-sectional design was used in this study.This study was conducted between May and June 2017 from 23 undergraduate nursing schools'education programs for one education and academic year's curriculum.The public information of the universities collected from their web sites and learning outcomes of the schools were classified as cognitive,psychomotor,and affective domains.Results:It appears that half of the basic nursing courses are in the psychomotor domain,and the majority of basic medical sciences courses are in the cognitive domain.Learning outcomes about the affective domain mostly take place in basic nursing courses.Conclusions:The findings of the results of this study can provide insight into current nursing education and guide new curricula to be developed.

Research on Curriculum Attainment Evaluation System Based on Learning Outcomes in Universities

With the continuous development and improvement of educational concepts,the effectiveness of learning outcomes and the achievement of curriculum has become an important way to change the present situation of teaching.This paper explores the construction of the curriculum achievability evaluation system based on learning outcomes from three aspects,namely,phased learning outcomes,graduation requirements,graduation design requirements and employability requirements,which are closely related to learning outcomes,in order to contribute to the promotion of education reform and the improvement of teaching effectiveness.

A Meta-analysis of the Effect of the Sandwich Teaching Model on the Learning Outcomes of Nursing Students

Objective:To evaluate the effect of the sandwich teaching model on the learning effect of nursing students.Methods:The Chinese and English databases of CNKI,WanFang,Vip,superstar,and PubMed were searched by computer,and the data were analyzed by Rev Man 5.3 software after literature quality evaluation.Results:Meta-analysis showed that the theoretical and operational performance of the nursing students in the sandwich teaching method was better than that of the traditional teaching group.Conclusion:The sandwich approach was superior to the traditional teaching method in the learning outcomes of nursing students.

Using preceptors to improve nursing students' clinical learning outcomes: A Malawian students' perspective

Objective: Clinical environment remains an important aspect in the development of student's compe-tence, confidence and fulfillment of their expected learning outcomes. Preceptors and clinical teachers play a significant role in preparing students to achieve their professional goals through continuous support and resource provision. This study explored the students' perception of using clinical preceptors to improve their clinical learning outcomes.Methods: The researchers used semi structured interviews to collect qualitative data. A total of 48 stu-dents were purposively and conveniently sampled from 8 hospitals to participate in the study. Content analysis was used to analyse the data. Findings: Two themes emerged from the study findings namely: creating a positive clinical learning environment and facilitating academic clinical collaboration. Conclusions: The findings of the study revealed that students gained more confidence and competence in clinical practice when supported by preceptors as well as achieved clinical learning outcomes. These findings suggest the need to train more clinical preceptors for improvement of students' clinical learning outcomes.

Do Learners' Preferred Learning Styles Affect Learning Outcomes and Satisfaction in PLE: A Pilot Study of the Supervised-PLE-IELTS Platform

Personal Learning Environment(PLE)enables a knowledge-based,learner-centered lifelong learning which could be successfully integrated with formal education when taking educators’supervision into consideration.But do learners’preferred Learning Styles matter in PLE?To investigate the relationship among learners’Learning Styles,learning outcomes and satisfaction towards the PLE platform,the study constructed and applied a supervised-PLE-IELTS platform.57 sophomores majored in Business in Wenzhou University took part in a 16-week project.Data were collected by Honey and Mumford’s Learning Styles questionnaire for the Learning Styles,post-test of IELTS reading,listening and vocabulary for the cognitive learning outcomes,and Distance Education Learning Environments Survey(DELES)for the satisfaction towards the PLE platform.The results showed:(1)Learning Styles have positive relationship with the cognitive learning achievements in PLE;(2)Learning Styles had no direct effect on satisfaction,and learners of all Learning Styles enjoyed PLE-IELTS platform;and(3)learners who spent more time on PLE platform achieved better cognitive learning outcomes.The paper shed light on the future construction of supervised-PLEs.

The Application of Digital Teaching Resources in Higher Education and Its Impact on Learning Outcomes

The integration of digital teaching resources in higher education has become increasingly prevalent,offering transformative potential for teaching and learning.This study employed a mixed-methods approach to investigate the application and impact of digital resources on learning outcomes within higher education settings.Quantitative data from surveys indicated a positive correlation between digital resource usage and learning motivation,with students demonstrating higher knowledge retention and engagement levels.Qualitative interviews highlighted themes such as personalization,engagement,and the challenges of the digital divide and professional development needs.The research underscores the importance of strategic integration,equitable access,and ongoing support for educators and students.Recommendations for higher education institutions and policy makers include improving digital access,fostering a culture of innovation,and providing professional development opportunities.The study also identifies areas for future research,such as the long-term impact of digital resources and the potential of emerging technologies.

The Role of Teacher Professional Development in Improving Teaching Quality and Student Learning Outcomes

This study investigates the impact of Teacher Professional Development(TPD)on teaching quality and student learning outcomes.Utilizing a mixed-methods approach,the research draws on quantitative data from standardized test scores and qualitative insights from teacher interviews and classroom observations.The findings indicate a strong positive correlation between TPD,as measured by self-assessment and peer evaluation,and improvements in teaching practices.These enhancements in teaching quality are further shown to have a significant impact on student learning outcomes,including academic achievement,critical thinking,and engagement.The study also presents case studies that highlight the transformative potential of TPD in various educational contexts.Limitations include the generalizability of the sample and the correlational nature of the study design.The research concludes with policy implications,emphasizing the need for increased investment in TPD,customization of TPD programs,and the promotion of a collaborative culture within schools.Future research directions are suggested to further explore the long-term effects of TPD and the most effective models for professional development.

The Relationship Between Teaching Space Design and Learning Outcomes

This article focuses on the connection between classroom design and learning outcomes. It discusses how different spatial arrangements, sounds, lights, and furniture affect engagement, motivation, and attention. Good classroom design supports various classroom activities, encouraging group work and individual tasks. The flexible layouts encourage Interaction and engagement while sound management minimizes interruptions that support focus. On top of that, the use of general and task-oriented lighting enhances mood and alertness, thereby increasing grades. Also, comfortable furniture helps in achieving attention, hence improving learning. Thus, this holistic perspective indicates that purposeful space designs are important in enhancing students’ academic performance and well-being.

Beyond Tech:The Impact of Hybrid Classroom Climate on the Learning Outcomes of University Students

In the context of the highly demanding trend of equitable and quality education,digital technology has outlined a blueprint for sharing resources across spatial and temporal boundaries and learner differences.The hybrid classroom implemented on university campuses during the pandemic demonstrates the tremendous shaping power of digital technology on teaching and learning across different groups,time,and space.This study investigates two types of learners,Clone Classroom and Global Hybrid Classroom at Tsinghua University,and finds that intrapersonal,interpersonal,and institutional dimensions of classroom climate all significantly affect learners’learning outcomes.However,the influences at the three dimensions differ in degree,with interpersonal factors outweighing institutional factors and institutional factors outweighing individual factors.Furthermore,in individual factors,information literacy and tech-assisted support in institutional factors have the weakest impact on learning outcomes;institutional factors mediate individual and interpersonal factors influencing higher-order cognition development.To avoid the pitfalls of techno-centrism,this study suggests promoting an insight of technology for humanity and embedding technology into teaching to better empower teacher development and student learning experience.

A Taxonomy of College Student Learning Outcomes in China:A Multi-Institutional,Mixed-Method Study

This mixed methods study investigates learning outcomes resulting from college attendance in the Chinese mainland.Data for this study is derived from undergraduate survey responses at 21 universities and interviews with 64 seniors at five universities.Factor analysis reduced learning outcome items to two factors,and 19 categories of learning outcomes were distilled from interview data.These categories were then reduced to four domains:knowledge,skills,intrapersonal awareness,and interpersonal competence.Compared with literature generated in the West,intercultural competency as well as quantitative and computer literacy are missing in the Chinese higher education context.Student learning is an integrated whole and takes place in diverse settings in and outside the classroom.

Virtual Reality and Learning: A Case Study of Experiential Pedagogy in Art History

While images are central to the discipline of art history, surprisingly little research has been conducted on the uses of digital environments for teaching in the discipline. Over the past decade, more studies have emerged considering the egalitarian space that can be used by students and teachers in web-based applications and social media. A body of literature has begun to emerge out of a small network of scholars and educators interested in digital humanities and art history, providing examples of how new tools can be integrated into the standard slideshow and lecture format of the field. At the same time, the latest technology that proves revolutionary for the field has had very little study-virtual reality (VR). Additionally, sensory evidence for digital art history and the creation of immersive interactive and multimodal environments for knowledge production is still underexplored. As multiple educational metaverses are currently under development, understanding best practices and pedagogical use of VR has never been timelier. This study seeks to review the pedagogical use of VR in art history current in the field and introduces results from a study of the most effective ways to use these immersive experiences using Bloom’s revised taxonomy. Results confirm that the most effective method to structure VR assignments is to provide training on the technology, provide students with the necessary instructional material to introduce the concept, skill or technique to be learned, create or select an immersive experience that reinforces that topic, and conclude with a debrief or discussion about major takeaways from the experience.

Benefit to Chinese High School Students' Academic Learning Outcome and Evaluation by Comparing Two Different Assessment Systems

More and more researchers are becoming involved through a variety of actions and programs, which divides assessment into different branches(such as formative, summative, normative assessment, etc). In the present paper, I will try to emphasis that collaborative assessment is positive to high school students' learning outcome, and cooperative and competitive assessment should be mixture implemented in Chinese education process rather than only using competitive assessment to evaluate students' achievement. I hope that Chinese students and teachers could teach or test in the less pressure by reforming the educational evaluation system.

The Role of Self-regulation in Blended Learning

Self-regulation is crucial to learners’learning outcomes in a blended education context.This paper first discusses its definitions and importance,then explores factors affecting self-regulation,and finally puts forward several ways to improve learners’self-regulation.

Toolbox of teaching strategies

A teaching strategy is a method, which can help students to gain knowledge, deliver information, and improve their learning. Different learning environments, such as clinical teaching, online teaching, and face-to-face traditional learning environments, require different teaching strategies for students. Choosing teaching strategies for a course is very important for nurse educators because various factors should be taken into account to make students meet the learning outcomes. The use of modern technologies in teaching strategies can improve students’ competencies and confidences. The purpose of this article is to create a toolbox integrating ten teaching strategies that can be used in different teaching environments.

Study of Chunks Input Approach

This paper is to describe and investigate Chunks (Lexical Phrases ) Input Approach in vocabulary learning strategies by means of achievement tests,questionnaire surveys and interviews. The study is to reveal how different learners combine different vocabulary learning strategies in their learning process. With the data collected, the author of this paper discusses and summarizes learners' individual differences in selecting vocabulary learning strategies with the hope of giving new insights into English teaching and learning.

＂Add-ons＂ to the Value-Added of ELTs

Teacher evaluations intend to cultivate quality among teachers. However, since they are traditionally dependent on observers and their reports that are likely biased, the procedures probably effectuate discords among the calling-teaching professionals. An evaluation procedure that can ascertain fairness in the decisions about teacher retentions, terminations, promotions, and sanctions can capture the accordance of all teachers and teacher facilitators. This paper identifies the possibility of such an evaluation system that is built upon the existing value-added methods. Drawing upon the observations and recommendations by Chetty, Friedman, and Rockoff （2012） on value-added methods of evaluation, and considering the uniqueness of ELTs （English Language Teachers） as it was observed by Borg （2006） and Lee （2010）, this paper describes the application of the value-added evaluation method, in gauging the quality of ELTs. The paper further explicates the vantages and conformities embodied in the procedure that could boost up the morale of ELTs as independent professionals of a creative art, and help them perform to their fullest potential