Morphometric Characteristics and Reproductive Performance of Pasundan Cattle in the North Prianganese and Southern South Coast Region

This study aims to determine the morphometric characteristics and reproductive performance of Pasundan cows which are extensively reared on smallholder farms in the coastal areas of the south(Garut,Cianjur,and Sukabumi)and North Priangan(Bogor,Purwakarta,and Sumedang).This research is descriptive research with a qualitative approach.Production characterization was carried out using a simple method,namely by measuring the body surface including shoulder height,chest circumference,body length,and bodyweight of Pasundan cattle.Meanwhile,the reproductive characteristics discuss puberty,service per conception(S/C),conception rate(CR),calving rate,postpartum estrus,postpartum mating,days open(DO),calving interval(CI),calving birth weight,calving rate,and calves weight growth.Data were collected by survey,and the location was determined by purposive sampling in the area of the seed source with the largest population and the random sampling of livestock was determined purposively as many as 30 Pasundan cows from each region.Data were analyzed using quantitative descriptive analysis.The results showed that the morphometric characteristics of Pasundan cattle included mean shoulder height of 123.00±3.06a cm VS 121.34±2.82a in males and 110.34±2.78 vs 108.00±2.14a in females.Body length 115.74±3.30 cm VS 115.34±2.97acm in males and 112.67±2.97cm VS 109.67±1.82 cm in females.Chest circumference 145.67±2.97cm VS 142.67±2.67cm bulls and 136.00±2.95cm VS 131.00±2.92cm in females,Bodyweight 268.0±17.00 kg VS 246.00±7.00a for males and 215.0±15.00 kg VS 194.00±54.00kg in females.As for reproductive characteristics,it shows puberty of 20-24 months.,S/C 1.4-1.6,Conception rate 65-70%,calving rate 62.5-65%,Postpartum Estrus 50-60 days,postpartum mating 72-104 days,day-open 94-126 days and a calving interval of 12-14 months.Calves'birth weight was 18.0-18.5 kg and daily body weight gain ranged from 0.48 to 0.50 kg.It was concluded that the morphometric characteristics and reproductive performance of Pasundan cattle in the Pesisir Selatan area were better than North Priangan.

Stroboscopic Evaluation of the Vocal Folds’ Morphometric Characteristics, between the Different Voice Categories on Professional Singers

Objective(s): The aim of this study is to explore if there is a correlation between the typical voice classification and the morphometric characteristics of the vocal folds, using video laryngeal stroboscopy, on professional singers in Greece. Methods: 70 professional singers, 50% men (35 men) and 50% women (35 women), were recruited for this study. A stroboscopic evaluation was prepared for every participant. Additionally, the voice classification and features of individuals were correlated statistically. Results: Statistically significant difference were observed between the voice categories and the size of stomatopharynx, the shape of the hard palate, the length of the vocal folds, the width and thickness of the vocal folds, as well as the tone of speech, in male singers. Statistically significant differences were also observed between the voice categories and all the variables except the shape of epiglottis, the color of speech and the shape of the vocal folds, in female singers. Conclusions: There is correlation between the morphometric characteristics of the vocal folds and the voice categories.

Geomorphological analysis of the morphometric characteristics that determine the volume of sediment yield of Wadi AI-Arja, South Jordan

This study addresses the morphometric variables that determine the sediment yield in Wadi AI-Arja through the analysis of the impact of different morphometric characteristics along the course of the valley on its sediment yield, as well as the analysis of spatial and formal dimensions and morphologies of the basin and its relationship to the sediment yield. The study also addresses the size of variation in the volume of sediment yield of the river tributaries that make up the water network of the valley under the differences of its mor- phometric and hydrological characteristics. The study found several results, most notably： The classification of Wadi AI-Arja basin according to the hypsometric integral value （72.1%） within an uneven topography, which in- creases the force of the erosive activity and the size of the sediment yield if the basin was exposed to moist climatic periods. The study also showed the presence of convergence in the intra-spaces between the river tributaries in the water network. This increases the volume of water flows when these tributaries meet with each other and thus increasing their erosive ability and sediment yield. The study also showed the presence of marked variation in the sediment yield of the river tributaries depending on the differences in its morphometric characteristics. The results of the step-wise regression analysis confirmed the importance of the morphometric and hydrological variables, and plant coverage in interpreting the variation in the size of the sediment yield of the river tributaries of different stream order in Wadi AI-Arja basin, where these variables interpreted 43% of the total variation, with statistical significance less than 0.05.

Quantitative Geomorphological and Hydromorphometric Analysis of Drainage Basins of As Sabriyah (Kuwait) Using GIS Techniques

A well-developed drainage network was carved in the study area in a hard calcretized and gypcretized gravelly sand of the Dibdibba Formation (Al-Rukham slope) in pluvial episodes in the post-pleistocene age, and is referred to be paleo-drainage due to the current witnessed aridity. This study aims to investigate the geomorphologic, morphometric, and stratigraphic characteristics of the paleo-drainage system and its role in recharging shallow aquifers. Morphometric analysis was accomplished using GIS and remote sensing techniques. Six vertical pit holes were dug across the area to investigate the stratigraphy and recharging capacity. The drainage system is composed of 10 closely spaced, subparallel, dendritic, elongated, and variant-sloped drainage basins with highest stream order of 5. Water flows NE from Al-Rukham ridge’s crest (60 m a.m.s.l.) downstream in Khor Al-Subiyah coastal flat. The bed rock’s hard resistant nature lowered its infiltration and recharging capacity to the shallow aquifer, whereas the coarse-grained wadi fills deposits increased infiltration capacity of the surface sediments, but the water percolation chance is limited as it eventually directed seaward by the same-directed general topography resulting in limiting potential recharge to the shallow aquifers. This is suggested to oppose the salt water intrusion and thus enhance fresh water quality.

Morphometric Assessment of Two Watersheds of High Atlas of Morocco Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques: What Is the Impact on Surface Water Availability?

The abundance or scarcity of surface water in a watershed is related to environmental factors including its morphology, substrate type, rainfall, slope, and exposure to moist air masses. The combination of these characteristics explains the hydrological behavior of the river network, knowledge of which is important for water resources management. Geographic Information System and Remote Sensing are efficient tools to assess the morphometric characteristic in a watershed. Using these tools, the physical characterization of the two water basins located on either side of the High Atlas of Morocco was investigated in this study. The results show that the Upper Draa basin is characterized by an elongated shape, with a drainage density of 0.14 km/km2. Altitudes and slopes vary little and slopes are oriented in most cases towards the southeast (27.34%). Substrate is mostly permeable, which promotes infiltration and aridity of the soil. This contrasts with the Zat basin that is characterized by very variable elevations and slopes, and slopes are mainly exposed to the North and North-West (30.42%), which therefore favors strong runoff and a very high flow velocity. The hydrological contrast observed in the two basins impacts the human use of surface water. These results effectively explain the hydrological behavior and provide managers with useful information for better management and decision-making regarding the two studied hydro systems.

A quantitative morphometric comparison of cockpit and doline karst landforms

This study presented a quantitative comparison of cockpit and doline karst by examining the numbers and characteristics of typical types of landform entities that are developed in Guilin（Guangxi, China）, La Alianza（PR, USA）, Avalton（KY, USA）, and Oolitic（IN, USA）. Five types of landform entities were defined： isolated hill（IH）, clustered hills（CHs）, isolated sinkhole（IS）, clustered sinkholes（CSs）, and clustered hills with sinkholes（CHSs）. An algorithm was developed to automatically identify these types of landform entities by examining the contour lines on topographic maps of two cockpit karst areas（Guilin and La Alianza） and two doline karst areas（Oolitic and Avalton）. Within each specific study area, the CHSs is the least developed type yet with a larger size and higher relief. The IH and IS entities are smaller in size, lower in relief, and outnumber their clustered counterparts. The total numbers of these types of entities are quite different in cockpit and doline karst areas. Doline karst is characterized by more negative（IS and CSs） than positive（IH and IHs） landforms and vice versa for cockpit karst. For example, the Guilin study area has 1192 positive landform entities in total, which occupy 9.81% of the total study area. It has only 622 negative landform entities occupying only 3.91% of the total study area. By contrast, the doline karst in Oolitic has 130 negative while only 10 positive landform entities. The positive and negative landforms in Oolitic occupy 12.68% and 2.61% of the total study area, respectively. Furthermore, average relief and slope of the landform entities are much higher and steeper in the cockpit karst than the doline karst areas. For instance, the average slope of CHs in Alvaton is 3.90 degrees while it is 19.78 degrees in La Alianza. The average relief of CSs is 4.07 m and 34.29 m in Oolitic and Guilin respectively. Such a difference within a specific area or between the cockpit and doline karst may reveal different controls on the development of karst landscape.