Facies logging identification of intermediate-basic volcanic rocks in Huoshiling Formation of Songliao Basin

Volcanic oil and gas reservoirs are generally buried deep,which leads to a high whole-well coring cost,and the degree of development and size of reservoirs are controlled by volcanic facies.Therefore,accurately identifying volcanic facies by logging curves not only provides the basis of volcanic reservoir prediction but also saves costs during exploration.The Songliao Basin is a‘fault-depression superimposed’composite basin with a typical binary filling structure.Abundant types of volcanic lithologies and facies are present in the Lishu fault depression.Volcanic activity is frequent during the sedimentary period of the Huoshiling Formation.Through systematic petrographic identification of the key exploratory well(SN165C)of the Lishu fault-depression,which is a whole-well core,it is found that the Huoshiling Formation in SN165C contains four facies and six subfacies,including the volcanic conduit facies(crypto explosive breccia subfacies),explosive facies(pyroclastic flow and thermal wave base subfacies),effusive facies(upper and lower subfacies),and volcanogenic sedimentary facies(pyroclastic sedimentary subfacies).Combining core,thin section,and logging data,the authors established identification markers and petrographic chart logging phases,and also interpreted the longitudinal variation in volcanic petro-graphic response characteristics to make the charts more applicable to this area's volcanic petrographic interpretation of the Huoshiling Formation.These charts can provide a basis for the further exploration and development of volcanic oil and gas in this area.

大跨P.C.箱梁桥施工期合龙段底板开裂破坏机理

针对大跨预应力混凝土箱梁桥对称悬臂浇筑施工过程中合龙段底板开裂破坏问题,对其开裂破坏机理和相应防治对策进行了研究.将合龙段底板开裂破坏特征划分为局部崩裂破坏、整体撕裂破坏、整体崩裂破坏等3种典型破坏特征,结合3个典型破坏案例,进行全结构空间实体单元施工全过程仿真分析.研究结果表明:底板局部崩裂破坏属于混凝土斜截面受剪破坏,底板整体撕裂破坏属于混凝土受拉破坏,底板整体崩裂破坏属于混凝土徐变受压破坏.根据典型破坏特征对应破坏机理的分析结果,在防治对策上提出了减小作用效应和提高结构抗力2种主要应对措施,在构造措施上建议增加底板横向箍筋以提高底板三向应力状态下的承载能力.

P.C.斜拉桥施工索力优化的影响线法

影响线法是一种优化P.C.斜拉桥施工索力的新方法。它以成桥受力的“可行域”为约束,通过确定并调整相对薄弱的主梁截面所对应的最敏感斜拉索,最有效地实现P.C.斜拉桥施工、成桥受力状态的优化。该法可以考虑各项非线性因素以及具体的施工过程,其具体实施过程将通过一实桥算例得到详细的说明。

Newton迭代法的P.C.格式

基于Newton迭代法 ,提出了一种有效的预估校正 (P .C .)迭代格式。本方法把牛顿法中的微分以差商替代 ,因而 ,既可求解具离散根的方程 ,也适用于有重根的方程求解 ,大量的试验结果表明 ,本文算法不仅可有效解决重根问题 ,而且有较高的收敛速度。

芒苞草(Acanthochlamys bracteata P.C.Kao)形态学和胚胎学研究——Ⅰ—营养器官形态解剖学研究

报道单子叶植物纲的一个新科——芒苞草科营养器官形态解剖学研究。芒苞草为多年生草本植物,无直立茎,具结构特殊的根状茎,花葶具茎结构.根具四原型原生中柱。根状茎,花葶,叶脉均为外韧维管束,后生木质部与韧皮部交合线呈直线形至微波状至U字形,叶片线形,有背腹面之分,但叶肉细胞无分化,气孔下陷,气孔器为单子叶植物Ⅲ型。从芒苞草科,石蒜科,百合科的营养器官比较解剖研究得知,它们之间在系统发育上具有一定的亲缘关系。

P.C.C.S色彩体系在室内色彩设计中的应用研究

色彩是室内设计中最为生动、最具表现力的因素,是室内设计的灵魂。本文旨在对P.C.C.S色彩系统进行深入分析,探讨该系统对室内色彩设计的指导意义,从而实现室内色彩设计从感性到理性的飞越。

Screening for genetic loci affecting the active zone formation in C. elegans

Objective To screen and identify genetic loci affecting the active zone formation in C. elegans. Methods A SYD-2：：GFP reporter was constructed and used as an active zone marker for forward genetic screen to identify genetic loci affecting the active zone formation. Results Eight isolated mutant alleles were characterized from 15,000 haploid genomes. The SYD-2：：GFP phenotypes of these mutants are mainly reflected as the changes of number, morphology, distribution of puncta and the gaps appearance. Some mutants also exhibit visible behavioral or physical phenotypes, and aldicarb resistant or sensitive phenotypes. Conclusion These mutants provide the opportunity for further systematic research on the active zone formation and the neurotransmission.

Troglitazone Induced Apoptosis via PPARγ Activated POX-induced ROS Formation in HT29 Cells

Objective In order to investigate the potential mechanisms in troglitazone-induced apoptosis in HT29 cells,the effects of PPARγ and POX-induced ROS were explored.Methods [3-（4,5）-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide （MTT） assay,Annexin V and PI staining using FACS,plasmid transfection,ROS formation detected by DCFH staining,RNA interference,RT-PCR RT-QPCR,and Western blotting analyses were employed to investigate the apoptotic effect of troglitazone and the potential role of PPARγ pathway and POX-induced ROS formation in HT29 cells.Results Troglitazone was found to inhibit the growth of HT29 cells by induction of apoptosis.During this process,mitochondria related pathways including ROS formation,POX expression and cytochrome c release increased,which were inhibited by pretreatment with GW9662,a specific antagonist of PPARγ.These results illustrated that POX upregulation and ROS formation in apoptosis induced by troglitazone was modulated in PPARγ-dependent pattern.Furthermore,the inhibition of ROS and apoptosis after POX siRNA used in troglitazone-treated HT29 cells indicated that POX be essential in the ROS formation and PPARγ-dependent apoptosis induced by troglitazone.Conclusion The findings from this study showed that troglitazone-induced apoptosis was mediated by POX-induced ROS formation,at least partly,via PPARγ activation.

Effect of TiO_2 on the Formation of Clinker with High C_3S

Effect of TiO2 content on the burnability of clinker with high C3S were investigated by determination of free lime in final product, and the clinker phase formation, microstructural features of C3S and the solubility of TiO2 in C3S were further studied by XRD, SEM/EDS analysis. TiO2 accelerates the combination of free lime in the samples, free lime content decreases obviously with TiO2 increasing up to 2% and almost remains above 2%. A new phase CaO·TiO2 was found when TiO2 was up to 3%, and samples with TiO2 displayed well-formed uniform size hexagonal C3S crystal. The limit of solubility of TiO2 in C3S at 1400 ℃ is about 1.7%.

RATE OF INTRAMOLECULAR CONTACT FORMATION IN PROTEINS

In this paper, we estimate the rate of contact formation between two residues in the interior of the proteins using the Szabo, Schulten, and Schulten formula with the probability distribution P（r） based on 375 proteins from PDB （Protein Data Bank）. The probability distribution for residue pair in proteins is different from the Gaussian distribution, especially for short distance between two residues in proteins. The rate of contact formation in the interior of protein is discussed as a function of distance n （=｜j -i｜） between two residues, and it decreases monotonically with n and follows the scaling relationship of k ∝ n^-γ with γ= 1.43 for the contact radius a = 0.40 nm and γ=1.05 for a = 0.50 nm. The diffusion coefficient for the relative diffusion of two residues in the interior of proteins is estimated as D = 6.4 × 10^-6 cm^2/s, which is close to the result that is found for monomer diffusion.

Mechanoresponsive MiR-138-5p Targets MACF1 to Inhibit Bone Formation

Mechanical stimuli play an essential role in maintaining bone remodeling and skeletal integrity.Meanwhile,bone can respond to the changes of mechanical condition to adjust its mass and architecture.Clinical studies discover that bedridden patients showed osteoporotic T-scores and low bone mineral density,and long-term immobilized patients presented reduced markers of bone formation.However,as bone formation mediated by osteoblast differentiation is a complex process,the underlying molecular mechanism of mechanical stimuli regulating bone formation is still unclear.Recent evidences show that microRNAs(miRNAs)are involved in mechanical stimuli regulating bone formation or osteoblast differentiation.Nevertheless,no direct evidence identifies mechanoresponsive miRNA in both human and animal bones,and clarifies its mechanoresponsive role under different mechanical conditions(e.g.mechanical unloading,reloading,loading).In the current study,we screened for differentially expressed miRNAs in bone specimens of bedridden patients with fractures,then identified that the expression of miR-138-5p,but not the other miRNAs,altered withbedridden time and was negatively correlated with the expression of the bone formation marker genes Alp(alkaline phosphatase).Moreover,miR-138-5p was up-regulated with reduced bone formation during unloading and down-regulated with increased bone formation during reloading in hind4imb unloaded mice.In addition,miR-138-5p was verified to be responsive to different mechanical unloading condition and cyclic mechanical stretch condition in primary osteogenic cells,respectively.Further in vitro data suggested that mechanoresponsive miR-138-5p directly targeted microtubule actin crosslinking factor 1(MACF1)to inhibit osteoblast differentiation.In vivo,we constructed an osteoblastic miR-138-5p transgenic mice model(TG138)with the Runx2promoter,and found that overexpression miR-138-5p supressed bone formation.Moreover,osteoblast-targeted inhibition of miR-138-5p sensitized bone anabolic response to mechanical loading in TG138 mice.Predominantly,the osteoblast-targeted inhibition of miR-138-5p could counteract bone formation reduction induced by hind limb unloading.Taken together,the mechanoresponsive miR-138-5p inhibited bone anabolic response for developing a novel bone anabolic sensitization strategy.

Transformation of Two VP1 Genes of O-and Asia 1-Type Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus into Maize

The expression of antigens in transgenic plants has increasingly been used as an alternative to the classical methodologies for the development of experimental vaccines.This paper reports here the development of a novel oral immunization system for foot-and-mouth disease （FMD） in transgenic maize with two serotypes of the structural protein VP1 of the foot-and-mouth disease virus （FMDV） viz.,O-and Asia 1-type,respectively.The transgenic plantlets were identified and investigated by polymerase chain reaction （PCR）,Southern blot,and real-time PCR.Moreover,it was found that the VP1 genes in transgenic plants could be transmitted stably to the next generation through PCR detection.To our knowledge,this is the first report in an attempt to induce a protective systemic antibody response in animals by feeding the transgenic plants in which two serotypes antigen protein of FMDV expressed together.Results of the experiment provide the possibility of using plant-based vaccines as feedstuff or feedstuff additives.

Formation mechanism of amorphous Ni-Fe-P alloys by electrodeposition

The formation mechanism of the amorphous Ni-Fe-P coating was studied by analysis of the forming thermodynamics, dynamics, and crystallography of the amorphous alloy. The results show that, in the initial stage of deposition a thin 'crystal epitaxial growth' layer first forms, and then transforms to amorphous gradually. The cross section in Ni-Fe-P coatings by electrolytic etching exhibits a banded structure of alternate dark and light bands. It is proposed that the banded structure is caused by a change in the P content with thickness,which is due to alternated depletion and enrichment of [OH-] in the diffusion layer resulting from the generation and evolution of hydrogen gas. The amorphous Ni-Fe-P coating will be formed in proper composition, high nucleation rate and strongly hindered growth of the crystal nucleus. Amorphous Ni-Fe-P alloys form as islands, and grow up by layer.

ULTRAFILTRATION MEMBRANE FORMATION OF PES-C,PES AND PPESK POLYMERS WITH DIFFERENT SOLVENTS

Ultrafiltration membranes were prepared using phenolphthalein polyarylethersulfone (PES-C),polyethersulfone (PES) and poly(phthalazinone ether sulfone ketone) (PPESK) as polymers and NMP,DMAc,DMF and DMSO as solvents by immersion precipitation via phase inversion.Experimental data of thermodynamic properties of the polymer solutions and kinetic process of membrane formation were reported.For polymer solutions with good solvents,the sequence of the viscous flow activation energy (E_η) was coincident with tha...

Catalytic Systems Containing p-Toluenesulfonic Acid for the Coupling Reaction of Formaldehyde and Methyl Formate

The coupling reaction of formaldehyde （FA） and methyl formate （MF） to form methyl glycolate （MG） and methyl methoxy acetate （MMAc）, catalyzed by p-toluenesulfonic acid （p-TsOH） as well as assisted by different kinds of solvents or Ni-containing compounds, had been investigated. The results showed that when the reaction was carried out at 140 ℃, with a molar ratio of FA to MF of 0.65 ： 1, molar fraction of p-TsOH to total feedstock of 11.0%, and reaction time of 3 h, the yield of MG and MMAc was 31.1% and 17.1%, respectively, p-TsOH catalyzed the coupling reaction by means of the synergistic catalysis of protonic acidity and soft basicity. Adding extra solvents to the reaction system was unfavorable for the reaction. The composite catalytic system consisting of p-TsOH and NiX2 （X=Cl, Br, I） exhibited a high catalytic performance for the coupling reaction, and NiX2 acted as a promoter in the reaction, whose promotion for the catalysis increased in the following order： NiCl2〈NiBr2〈NiI2. The present system is less corrosive when compared with the previous system, in which strong inorganic liquid acids were used as catalysts.

Condensation reaction of formaldehyde and methyl formate catalyzed by a composite catalyst system

The condensation reaction of formaldehyde and methyl formate to form methyl glycolate and methyl methoxy acetate catalyzed by p-toluenesulfonic acid and different Lewis acid compounds has been investigated. The composite catalytic system consisting of p-toluenesulfonic acid and NiX2 （X = Cl, Br, I）, especially NiI2, exhibited a high catalytic performance for the condensation reaction, the total yield of MG and MMAc was up to 72.37%.

Coalition Formation in Weighted Simple-majority Games under Proportional Payoff Allocation Rules

In this paper, we introduce a simple coalition formation game in the environment of bidding, which is a special case of the weighted majority game （WMG）, and is named the weighted simple-majority game （WSMG）. In WSMG, payoff is allocated to the winners proportional to the players powers, which can be measured in various ways. We define a new kind of stability： the counteraction-stability （C-stability）, where any potential deviating players will confront counteractions of the other players. We show that C-stable coalition structures in WSMG always contains a minimal winning coalition of minimum total power. For the variant where powers are measured directly by their weights, we show that it is NP-hard to find a C-stable coalition structure and design a pseudo-polynomial time algorithm. Sensitivity analysis for this variant, which shows many interesting properties, is also done. We also prove that it is NP-hard to compute the Holler-Packel indices in WSMGs, and hence in WMGs as well.

P.C.变截面连续箱梁设计计算要点

目前建成的P.C.变截面连续箱梁在施工阶段和运营过程中部分箱梁的腹板、顶板、底板等部位出现的各种形式的裂缝,文章根据裂缝成因分析,并结合数座典型的P.C.变截面连续箱梁设计实践,简要介绍了其设计计算和理论分析中遇到的要点,并进行总结与探讨。

P.C.变截面连续箱梁设计要点分析

介绍了某大桥上部主梁结构设计思路,结合以往工程病害成因,从源头控制设计,系统地阐述P.C.变截面连续箱梁在设计过程中一些控制要点及注意事项.并通过有限元计算数据分析,对该类型桥梁上部结构尺寸拟定、钢筋(钢束)配置及计算结果控制等进行归纳和总结,为今后类似桥梁结构设计提供借鉴.

COMPARISON OF TWO METHODS IN SATELLITE FORMATION FLYING

Recently, the research of dynamics and control of the satellite formation flying has been attracting a great deal of attentions of the researchers. The theory of the research was mainly based on Clohessy-Wiltshire' s (C-W's) equations, which describe the relative motion between two satellites. But according to some special examples and qualitative analysis , neither the initial parameters nor the period of the solution of C-W' s equations accord with the actual situation, and the conservation of energy is no longer held. A new method developed from orbital element description of single satellite , named relative orbital element method ( ROEM) , was introduced. This new method, with clear physics conception and wide application range, overcomes the limitation of C-W s equation , and the periodic solution is a natural conclusion. The simplified equation of the relative motion is obtained when the eccentricity of the main satellite is small. Finally, the results of the two methods (C-W' s equation and ROEM) are compared and the limitations of C-W s equations are pointed out and explained.