Linking Perceived Risk of Public Health Emergency to Psychological Distress among Chinese College Students: The Chain Mediation Role of Balanced Time Perspective and Negative Coping Styles

Background:With public health emergencies(PHE)worldwide increasing,the perceived risk of PHE has been one of the critical factors influencing college students’psychological distress.However,the mechanisms by which the perceived risk of PHE affects college students’psychological distress are not clear.The study’s purpose was to investigate the mediation roles of deviation from a balanced time perspective(DBTP)and negative coping styles between the perceived risk of PHE and psychological distress.Methods:A convenience sampling method was used to survey 1054 Chinese college students with self-reporting.Data was collected using the Public Risk Perception Scale(PRPS),the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory(ZTPI),the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire(SCSQ),the PHE Anxiety Scale,and the Chinese version of the Patient Health Questionnaire(PHQ).The associations between the perceived risk of PHE,DBTP,negative coping styles,and psychological distress were clarified using the correlation analysis.Additionally,the mediating roles of DBTP and negative coping styles between the perceived risk of PHE and psychological distress were investigated using a structural equation model.Results:The findings revealed low to moderate correlations between the variables studied.Students’perceived risk of PHE was a positive predictor of their psychological distress(b=0.219,p<0.01).DBTP and negative coping styles played chain mediation roles between them with the effect being 0.009 and a 95%Boot CI of[0.003,0.023].This chain mediation model had an excellent fit index(χ^(2)/df=4.732,CFI=0.973,TLI=0.930,RMSEA=0.048,SRMR=0.047).Conclusion:These findings showed how the perceived risk of PHE affected college students’psychological distress.Specifically,these results suggested that improving students’mental ability to switch effectively among different time perspectives depending on task features and situational considerations and reducing their negative coping styles might be effective ways to promote their mental health.

The Association between Perceived Injustice Following Traumatic Injury and Its Impact on Pain-Related, Mental Health and Functional Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review

Background: There is growing evidence suggesting that those who suffer traumatic injury display high levels of perceived injustice which impedes their recovery, both physically and mentally. Aim: The aim of this systematic review was to examine the association between perceived injustice and pain-related, mental health and functional outcomes in patients who have suffered a traumatic injury. Methods: In May 2023, a systematic review of the literature was performed on the electronic databases of PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, and the Cochrane Database of Systemic Reviews. Papers were collected and analysed as per PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews. The outcomes of interest were pain intensity, pain interference, disability, depression, anxiety, and quality of life. The initial search identified 59 papers. Of these papers, five studies met the inclusion criteria and were subsequently analysed (N = 1172). Each of the papers was published in peer-reviewed journals in the English language. Individuals with pain or pathology prior to the trauma and those who were not hospitalised following the trauma were excluded from the study. Results: Of the papers reviewed, each study indicated significant associations between perceived injustice and pain, disability, depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, as well as reduced return to work status. Conclusion: This systematic review investigated the relationship between perceived injustice and pain-related, mental health, and functional outcomes in trauma patients. The results highlight the negative role that perceived injustice has on recovery following traumatic injury. Further, it provokes the need for future research regarding the implementation of therapeutic interventions and the development of predictive models of injustice.

Maternal perceived self-efficacy, perceived vulnerability and child health outcome in Ibadan, South-West Nigeria

Objective:The problems associated with child health continue to constitute a global concern,and child morbidity and mortality remain problematic in Sub-Sahara Africa(SSA).Utilizing a community-based survey conducted in Ibadan North Local government,Southwest Nigeria the study examined the influences of maternal perceived self-efficacy(MPSE)and maternal perceived vulnerability(MPV)on child health outcomes(CHO).Methods:The study appraised data from 683 nursing mothers aged 15-45 obtained from 20 major primary healthcare centers in the region undergoing routine health checks for their children.Three regression models were fitted to examine the effects of MPV,MPSE,and confounding variables of maternal preventive actions such as insecticide-treated nets(ITN)usage and child immunization,among other maternal and child sociodemographic attributes on CHO.Results:The study finds that MPV has no correlation with CHO and MPSE but positively correlates with maternal age(r=0.123,P<0.05).However,CHO has a negative correlation with MPSE(r=-0.200,P<0.05)while positively correlated with child age(r=0.134,P<0.05).MPSE has a unique effect on CHO(β=-0.203,P<0.05),maternal preventive action of ITN usage show a positive association with CHO in the study Model 2(β=-0.163,P<0.05),while in Model 3,child's age has a positive association with CHO(β=0.180,P<0.05).The net effect of the study models accounted for approximately 10%of the variance in CHO reported among the children.Conclusion:Overall,MPSE and ITN usage are essential factors for understanding and reducing the potential adverse CHO.Global effort must continue to improve maternal education to support child health and preventive carepractices in SSA.

The Relationship between Mental Health Literacy and Subjective Well-Being of Young and Middle-Aged Residents: Perceived the Mediating Role of Social Support and Its Urban-Rural Differences

This study investigates mental health literacy among young and middle-aged urban and rural residents and the differences in mental health literacy,perceived social support and subjective well-being.From January to February 2022,620 participants(320 rural and 300 urban residents)from three provinces of China were selected by con-venience sampling.A general data questionnaire,mental health literacy scale,perceived social support scale and subjective well-being scale were administered.The mental health literacy scores of urban residents were 3.34±0.57 and those of rural residents were 2.73±0.79.The results of multiple regression analysis showed that the mental health literacy scores of rural residents were more significant than those of urban residents in terms of sex and age,while urban residents’mental health literacy scores were more significant than those of rural resi-dents in terms of monthly income.Mental health literacy,perceived social support and subjective well-being of young and middle-aged urban and rural residents were all positively correlated(P<0.01).While the level of mental health literacy is better among urban residents than rural residents,perceived social support plays a partial mediating role between mental health literacy and subjective well-being of both urban and rural residents,and should be the focus of researchers seeking to improve the level of well-being of residents.

Perceived stress and coping capacities among frontline healthcare workers of AIIMS during COVID-19 pandemic:A cross-sectional study

Objective:To assess perceived stress and coping capacity of frontline health workers from AIIMS during COVID-19 pandemic.Methods:This cross-sectional study conducted from May to July 2021 enrolled 694 participants.An online questionnaire based on Google Forms was developed to collect the data.Participants were assessed using the validated Perceived Stress Scale and the Coping Resources Inventory Scale.Results:The age of participants were 27(23-52)years old.The majority of respondents(73.5%)felt moderately stressed.Of the 694 participants,83.0%of the 576 participants had average stress management skills.Sex,marital status,and profession were significantly associated with perceived stress.In addition,marital status and profession were significantly associated with coping capacity.Conclusions:The majority of participants have moderate stress levels and average coping skills.Frontline healthcare workers have to maintain mental and physical health.Achieving this requires early screening and stress management for healthcare workers.

Preventing Health Anxiety:The Role of Self-Evaluation,Sense of Coherence,Self-Rated Health and Perceived Social Support

Background:Components of Self,completed with the perceived social support determine the individual differences in theevaluation of a stressor and the behavioral responses toward it,such as health-related anxiety.The study set as a goal theanalysis of associations between the components of Self,such as self-evaluation,sense of coherence,perceived social support,and reported health-related anxiety in an adult sample.Methods:147 adults from the 18–73 age group(mean age 37.5)voluntarily completed the questionnaire through Qualtrics online platform containing the Short Health Anxiety Inventory,Core Self-Evaluation Scale,Social Support Assessing Scale,and one Health Self-Evaluation Item.Results:ANOVA foundrelevant differences in total scores and subscales’scores of the health anxiety scale depending on the positive self-evaluation.Linear regression shows that the analyzed variables were responsible for the prediction of a higher value on the“Perceivedprobability of becoming ill”subscale in a proportion of 45.6%and for the“Perceived consequence of illness”subscale in aproportion of 20.2%The predictive value of the linear regression model for the total score on the health anxiety scale was46.3%.Our findings show that negative Core Self-Evaluation is linked with perceived health anxiety.Conclusions:Selfevaluation,sense of coherence and perceived social support influence the perceived health and can explain the differences inthe reported health-related anxiety.

Mediating Effect of Perceived Organizational Support on the Resilience and Mental Health of ICU Nurses

Objective:To investigate the mediating effect of organizational support on the relationship between resilience and anxiety-depression-stress by researching ICU nurses.Methods:A total of 675 ICU nurses in Shaanxi Province were surveyed using the organizational support scale,the resilience evaluation scale for medical staff,and the Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale(DASS-21).Results:The resilience of ICU nurses had significant correlation with the level of organizational support(r=0.448,P<0.01),but was negatively correlated with depression(r=-0.238,P<0.001),anxiety(r=-0.287,P<0.01),and stress(r=-0.213,P<0.01);the level of organizational support of ICU nurses was also negatively correlated with depression(r=-0.452,P<0.01),anxiety(r=-0.410,P<0.01),and stress(r=-0.490,P<0.01).The sense of organizational support played a mediating role between the resilience of ICU nurses and their depression-anxiety-stress,the mediating effect accounted for 78%of the total effect.Conclusion:The perceived organizational support and resilience is an important external protective factor for the mental health and ability of ICU nurses.The management departments should continue to pay attention to the mental health of ICU nurses,take effective measures to improve the sense of organizational support and resilience of nurses,and ensure the good mental health of ICU nurses.

Personality factors and self-perceived health in Chi-lean elderly population

Empirical evidence suggests that the stability of personality itself contributes to successful ageing and is associated with longer life. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between personality traits and the self-perceived health status, stratified by medical conditions in a representative sample of non-institutionalized elderly people in Chile. The data used for this study come from the fourth waves (2009) of the Chilean Social Protection Survey (SPS-2009). Included were a total of 2655 subjects aged 65 and over. The results showed that higher scores of all five personality factors were associated with good health. Those with the perception of poor health were more likely to be female, with lower education level and older than those with good health. With the exception of agreeableness, strong and significant associations with self-perceived health were demonstrated for extraversion, conscientiousness, emotional stability and openness, among elderly with medical conditions. Among elderly without medical problems, significant associations with self-perceived health were demonstrated only for extraversion, agreeableness and emotional stability. This study has shown that there is a consistent association between personality factors and self-perceived health throughout the older population. Our results suggest that extraversion and openness traits could be acting as “protector” factors and agreeableness and conscientiousness traits as “resilient” factors, facing to the health problems among elderly people.

Cross-sectional population based study ascertaining the characteristics of US rural adults with mental health concerns who perceived a stigma regarding mental health issues

Introduction: Mental health is an important component of overall health. Mental illness is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the US and is associated with chronic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, and arthritis. In the US, most people with mental health issues or disorders remain untreated. Epidemiological studies have identified rural residents as being at greater risk for health disparities;as a result, rural residents are a vulnerable population in terms of mental health and mental health care. Research has demonstrated that perceived stigma can be a significant barrier to rural residents seeking mental health care. This study examined the research question: What are the characteristics of US rural adults with mental health concerns who perceived stigma? Methods: 2007 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data were analyzed using bivariate and multivariate techniques to answer the research question. 2007 BRFSS data were used because in that year non-institutionalized US adults in 37 states and territories were queried about their attitudes toward mental illness. BRFSS is a random digit telephone survey that uses a complex multi-stage sampling approach and subsequently a weighting factor is calculated for application to the data in order to ensure that they are representative of the US population based on the most recent census data. Only weighted data were analyzed. Results: Logistic regression analysis revealed that rural adults reporting mental health concerns who perceived stigma regarding mental health were more likely to be unemployed seeking work or not working and not seeking work, military veterans, or to have deferred medical care because of cost. They were also more likely to not have a health care provider and to rarely or never feel supported emotionally. Conclusions: Support systems may render people with mental health issues less vulnerable to perceiving stigma, thus assisting with removing stigma as a barrier to care. Pharmacist may play a role as support in communities, especially where access to health care providers may be limited.

Relationship between Perceived Health Status and Health Practices in the General Adult Population in Japan

The objective of this study was to explore the relationship of perceived health status and Breslow’s seven health Practices(7 - 8 hours of sleep per night, maintaining a healthy weight, moderate or no alcohol intake, regular physical activity, no eating between meals, eating breakfast, and having never smoked cigarettes) in adult residents in Kumamoto Prefecture Japan. We used 2011 data from the “Health Japan 21” program in Kumamoto Prefecture, a study consisting of 2519 adults aged from 20 - 74 years. Data for the study were gathered by questionnaire. The questionnaire was divided into following sections: perceived health status, seven health practices, life satisfaction, depression, social network, and demographic variables. We found that those groups engaged in more than four health practices had higher scores for perceived health status than those groups with less than four. Using Pearson’s correlation coefficient, positive correlations were found between perceived health status and health practices (r = 0.229, p – 0.058, p – 0.093, p– 0.109, p < 0.001). Furthermore, we clarified the differences in perceived health status by age and gender. The data from multiple regression analysis show an association between level of perceived health status and life satisfaction, the seven health practices, employment, age, depression, and social network. Our findings demonstrate a relationship between perceived health status and the seven health practices, and can be used to encourage healthier practices to enhance perceived health status and life satisfaction in community health care work.

Perceived barriers on mental health services by the family of patients with mental illness

Background:Various efforts have been made by the Indonesian government to improve mental health services.In 2014,the government established Law no 18,which is about mental health and the treatment of people with mental illness covered by the universal health coverage.However,many people still experience difficulty in accessing mental health services.In Indonesia,family plays the role ofa caregiver to people with mental illness.Objective:This study aims to identify the perceived barriers on mental health services by families whose members suffers from mental illness.Methods:This study is a qualitative research study with a phenomenological approach.Sampling was conducted by purposive sampling with a sample size of 12 participants.Data were collected using semistructured in-depth interviews.Thematic analysis was performed using Colaizzi steps.Results:The obtained results presented three themes.Theme 1,mental health service affordability;theme 2,mental health service availability;and theme 3,negative attitudes (stigma).Conclusion:Families whose members suffered from mental illness still experienced barriers in relation to mental health services even with universal health coverage,Improved mental health services are related to the health insurance coverage,affordability,availability of mental health services and stigma reduction in the health professionals and wide community.

Khat chewing practice and its perceived health effects among communities of Dera Woreda, Amhara region, Ethiopia

Introduction: Khat chewing is believed to be rapidly increasing worldwide. Worldwide, it is estimated that 10 million people consume khat daily. Khat chewing practice renders certain influence on physical and psychological well being of the community and it can cause more serious adverse psychiatric, cardiovascular, dental and gastrointestinal effects. The recent sharp increase in khat consumption may not only affect the health of individuals but could also have serious socio-economic consequences. This study was conducted to assess prevalence of khat chewing practice, its associated factors and perceived health effects among communities in Dera woreda, Amhara region, Ethiopia 2013. Methods: Community-based cross-sectional study was conducted by using both quantitative and qualitative method of data. The sample size for quantitative was determined by using single population proportion formula and the households were selected by systematic sampling method and in the selected household, one respondent was selected by lottery among members of household aged 15 years and above. Data were collected by means of a pretested questionnaire;analysis was carried out using SPSS version 16. For the qualitative part ten in-depth interviews were conducted on purposely selected individuals and sample size for this method was determined through continuing to interview participants until no new information was obtained. Results: The response rate was 98.3%. Current prevalence of khat chewing practice was 17%. Males were more likely to chew khat (AOR, 18.53;95%CI, 7.20-47.66) compared to females. Muslims were more likely to chew khat (AOR, 4.34;95%CI, 2.07-9.11) compared to Orthodox Christians. Respondents who had family member chewing khat were more likely to chew khat (AOR, 2.67;95%CI, 1.15-6.21) compared to family member without a chewer. Among all the respondents, 92.8% perceived the health effects of khat chewing practice. Respondents who did not perceive health effect of khat were 5 times more likely to chew khat (AOR = 5.10, 95%CI;1.64-15.5) compared to those who perceived health effect of khat. Conclusions: The prevalence of khat chewing practice was 17% with high proportion of the khat chewers found in the urban setting. Sex, religion, residence, family chewing habit and perceived health effect were significantly associated factors with khat chewing practice. In this study 92.8% of the respondents perceived that khat chewing practice had harmful effects on health and the perceived health effects reported were sleeping disorder, hallucination, tooth staining, anxiety, and loss of appetite, depression, constipation, gastritis, hypertension and psychosis.

Perceived Difficulties Regarding HIV/AIDS Services among Public Health Nurses in the Kinki Region of Western Japan: Implications for Public Health Nursing Education in Japan

Objective: To determine the perceived difficulties in providing HIV/AIDS services among public health nurses and to identify their correlates, we carried out a cross-sectional study in the Kinki region of western Japan. Methods: Structured self-administered questionnaires were distributed to all public health nurses in the region, and 1535 valid questionnaires were retrieved (valid response rate 78.7%). Results: More than half of the participants (52.8%) reported difficulties with HIV/AIDS services. The factors associated with perceived difficulties were having a negative attitude towards consultations on sexual matters (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 2.2, p p = 0.002 and AOR 1.8, p p p = 0.016), and low permissiveness of the diversity of sexual behavior (AOR 2.0, p Conclusions: Overall, our results suggest that nursing and public health nursing education in Japan should cover sexual issues and HIV/AIDS in a more systematic way.

Cross Cultural Exploration of the Perceived Health Competence Scale

The eight-item Perceived Health Competence Scale (PHCS) is a measure of self-efficacy in general health management that is used to predict health outcomes and behaviors. The PHCS has been shown to be a reliable and valid instrument but has been used in primarily white European Americans. The PHCS is positively correlated to health status and coping abilities. Younger, healthier populations score higher on the PHCS compared to elderly who are managing chronic illness. This study examined the PHCS in three Midwestern samples: African American elders which revealed two separate factors in PHCS;Native Americans who evaluated the PHCS as a single construct;and a Spanish speaking sample. In the latter sample, findings suggest health competence may be a multi-dimensional construct. Further evaluation of the Spanish version of the PHCS and population characteristics are needed to measure health competence beliefs.

Undiagnosed obstructive sleep apnea in hypertensive outpatients in primary care—Associations with sleep complaints, depressive symptoms and global perceived health

Objective: 1) To describe the prevalence of undiagnosed obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and depressive symptoms in hypertensive men and women below 65 years of age, and 2) to describe the association of OSA to subjective sleep complaints, depressive symptoms and global perceived health. Design: Cross-sectional design focusing on nursing care outcomes of obstructive sleep apnea. Setting: Four primary care health centres in Sweden. PATIENTS: 411 consecutive patients (52% women), mean age 57.9 years (SD 5.9 years), with diagnosed hypertension (BP > 140/90). Main Outcome Measures: Prevalence of OSA and depressive symptoms, and association of OSA to sleep complaints, depressive symptoms and global perceived health. RESULTS: Mild, moderate and severe OSA was seen among 29%, 16% and 14% of patients, respectively. Depressive symptoms were seen in 16% of the total group, with a higher prevalence among men, compared to women, 21% vs. 12%. No differences were found regarding blood pressure, estimated sleep need, sleep sufficiency index, insomnia symptoms, daytime sleepiness or depressive symptoms with respect to different degrees of OSA. Apnea-hypopnea index was significantly associated to perceived health after adjustment for gender and comorbidities, but when depressive symptoms and non-restorative sleep were added to the model, 33% of the variance in global perceived health was explained. Conclusion: OSA is highly prevalent among patients with hypertension in primary care and does together with sleep complaints and depressive symptoms have a negative impact on global perceived health. Hypertensive patients without subjective sleep complaints or depressive symptoms may still have OSA.

How Challenge Stress Affects Mental Health among College Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Moderating Role of Self-Efficacy

While a plethora of studies has been conducted to examine stress and its impact on mental health in western countries,research is scarce investigating the relationship between student challenge stress and health illness in the context of Chinese colleges.No studies examined the moderating effect of self-efficacy on the relationship between challenge stress and health illness.This study attempted to investigate the relationships between these three variables among Chinese college students.Especially,this study focused on examining whether self-efficacy moderated the effect of perceived challenge stress on students’mental health.Also,the differences were tested between male and female students in terms of these three variables.A sample of 578 Chinese college students was recruited over an approximately 12-week period from 7 Chinese universities.An online survey link was dis-tributed through WeChat.The SPSS version 26 software was used to analyze the data.Results showed that there is no significant difference between genders in terms of perceived challenge stress,self-efficacy,and students’mental health.In addition,challenge stress was positively related to the students’mental health(β=0.35,p<0.01)while there was a negative association between self-efficacy and mental health(β=-0.41,p<0.01).Furthermore,self-efficacy plays a moderating role in the relationship between challenge stress and mental health(β=-0.11,p=0.02).Students with low self-efficacy tend to experience more mental health issues.It is suggested that Chinese colleges and universities pay more attention to students with low self-efficacy,either through faculty/staff interven-tions or peer counseling.Professors consider reducing students’academic stress to improve their mental health.

A Survey of Correlation Infertility Self-Efficacy with Behavioral Health Scales in Infertile Women

Background: Infertility is a unique medical challenge that can have health behavioral consequence on infertile women including lack of self-esteem, depression, anxiety, fertility problem in infertile couples. The aim of this study was to evaluate correlation between self-efficacy and health behaviors scales in infertile women. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on 89 infertile women with mild to moderate depression (Beck scores 10 - 47) who were recruited from Fatemeh Zahra Infertility and Reproductive Health Research Center. All participants completed Self-efficacy Inventory (ISE) and other health behavioral scales (e.g., the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Cattle Anxiety Scale (CAS), Fertility Problem Infertility (FPI), and GHQ). Pearson correlation coefficient and Spearman rho correlation coefficient were used to analyze the data. Variables were included in the study if they had a p-value

Factors influencing self-efficacy in breastfeeding support among public health nurses in Japan

This study investigated self-efficacy in breastfeeding support among public health nurses (PHNs) working at maternal and child health (MCH) services in Japanese municipalities, and its related factors such as education, working experience, breastfeeding experience, and postgraduate/continuous education. Directors of the MCH divisions were requested to select one PHN to answer the self-report questionnaires sent. The questionnaires were collected from October 2010 to January 2011. Of the 1750 questionnaires sent, 831 were returned (response rate: 47.5%);102 were excluded from analysis because of missing data (valid response rate: 41.7%). After adjusting the weights of PHN sampling and collection rates by prefecture and population size, Model 1 of the multiple regression analysis showed that the self-efficacy in breastfeeding support was significantly higher in large/urban municipalities (β = 0.13) and in the Kanto district. Model 2 revealed that self-efficacy was significantly associated with working experience (β = 0.13) and breastfeeding experience (β = 0.22) but not with educational background. Model 3 showed that self-efficacy was significantly associated with postgraduate education (β = 0.14) and continuous education (β = 0.12). This suggested that PHNs’ self-efficacy increased through self-enrichment. It is necessary to create training opportunities about breastfeeding support for PHNs—especially those working in remote and/or small municipalities— and to provide them with new and important information.

The Effect of an Educational Program Based on the Health Belief Model on Self-Efficacy among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Referred to the Iranian Diabetes Association in 2014

Background: Patient self-efficacy is one of the most important factors in treating and overcoming disease. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of an educational program based on the health belief model on self-efficacy among patients with type 2 diabetes referred to the Iranian Diabetes Association in 2014. Method: A randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted. Eighty patients with type 2 diabetes were selected randomly by the double block sample method. They were then divided into two groups of intervention and control (40 patients in each group) by random allocation. Data were collected by a questionnaire based on the Health Belief Model and self-efficacy. The data were gathered two months after the educational program was held. The educational program was designed on the basis of data collected in the pre-test phase. Then, the educational program was executed for the intervention group in 8 sessions (each 30 minutes) using lectures and an educational booklet. Data analysis was done with Chi-square Test, Pearson’s correlation, Independent samples T-test and paired T-test. The significance level was considered at 0.05. Results: Before intervention, no significant difference was detected between the two groups. However, after intervention all variables were significantly different except for perceived threat. Moreover, there were significant linear relationships between Self-efficacy and all Health Belief Model components after the educational intervention in both groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The educational program based on the health belief model increased self-efficacy in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.

Running Head:Business Travel and Perceived Stress Psychological Stress among Business Travelers in Malaysia

Businesses and corporations today break geographical boundaries and carry out business globally[14].Business travel can be physically demanding and psychologically stressful,compromising the well-being of business travelers and the benefits of organizations.The present study examined how biopsychosocial factors,which are health concern,burnout,and social support,explained business travel stress among business travelers in Malaysia.We recruited 100 working adults(n=63 men,n=37 women)who traveled for business purposes from airports in Malaysia.Participants completed a series of questionnaires using the paper-and-pencil method.The mediation analyses showed that only burnout mediated the relationship between business travel and perceived stress.Specifically,the less intensely an individual traveled,s/he experienced a higher level of perceived stress;and this could be explained by the high level of burnout experienced.These findings have shed some light on how to deal with business travel stress at organizational and personal levels.Our findings suggested that organization-level interventions and policies should place an emphasis on employees who have to travel and in particular those who travel less intensively.Also,to provide support for business traveling employees,corporations should set up interventions and policies that aim to decrease burnout associated with business traveling.