Assessment of alterability of basalt used for riprap by petrographic examination

All engineering projects consist of several steps, and one of the main tasks is to identify and characterize the most important features of rock types that will be excavated, crushed, or mined for any particular usage purpose, from a single residential building to major works of infrastructure. Laboratory investigation on engineering geology is thus conducted in order to determine the most relevant rock properties when designing structures such as mining shafts, tunnels, buildings, or reservoir dams to be built in sites associated with rocks. A wide range of laboratory tests is available, making the correct choice of test methods greatly relevant to determine the key property for the planned use of the rock. This paper is an illustrative case of laboratory testing of basaltic rocks to be used as riprap in a reservoir dam. It shows the important role of the petrographic study carried out to analyze the distribution pattern of smectite clay minerals. Test results are explained for the assessment of rock alterability, an essential aspect for the selection of the most suitable basalt variety for the envisaged conditions of use.

STUDY ON STRENGTH AND PETROGRAPHIC STRUCTURE OF CLINKER BY LOW-TEMPERATURE BURNING

In this paper,the strength and petrographic structure of clinker by low-temperature burning are studied. The results show that both the calcining temperature of Ca-CO3 and sintering temperature clinker decreases by 150 degrees C compared with those in traditional rotary kiln,the rate of f-CaO in the clinker sintered at 1300 degrees C is 0.29% similar to 2.81%, the strength of the clinker is 62. 5MPa with maximum 69. 4MPa at a specific area of 2900 similar to 3400cm(2)/g. The results also show that the types of petrographic structure of the clinker can be classified as: homogeneous structure, inlaid or edged structure,stain-melting structure and porous structure. The clinker sintered at 1300 +/- 15 degrees C temperature and with enough retention period is mainly in homogeneous structure.

Petrographic Characteristics of Manganese Bearing Rocks of Banswara Manganese Ores Belt, District Banswara, Rajasthan (India)

In this paper, we described the petrographical characters of the Mn-bearing rock types outcropping in the Kalakhuta, Ghatia, Gararia, Itala, Wagaicha, Tambesara and Talwara villages of Banswara district. The Mn associated rocks in the study area are phyllite, schist, quartzite and limestone. The mineral assemblage in phyllite formed under greenschist facies metamorphism. Petrographic studies of various phyllite samples also reveal that porphyroblasts of biotite sat in the fine-grained micaceous matrix (Biotite, muscovite, chlorite) along with quartz, opaque and ore minerals. Petrographic studies of schist reveal its formation under prograde metamorphism. Mineral assemblages observed in schist are typical of greenschist to lower amphibolite facies. The various schist samples at places show clusters made up of perfect rhombshaped garnets which suggest the increase in the grade of metamorphism. The quartzites are disposed conformably with the phyllites, and are at times brecciated and re-cemented by secondary chert and manganese. These Mn-bearing quartzites are with sutured/serrated and straight grain boundaries. The quartzite samples are fully composed of quartz showing undulose extinction with subordinate feldspar, micas and carbonatic materials. The petrographic characteristics explain that mostly limestones are the dolomitic composition but some ferruginous varieties are also noticed at places. The purer variety of limestone consists of calcite, dolomite and some magnetite but tremolite, quartz and some minute flakes of biotite also occur in impure variety.

Silica Enrichment in a Volcanic Setting Using Petrographic Analyses and Mass Balance Calculations Using Trace Element Zircon

Formulating the original composition of weathered tephra can be a chaUenging task. A previous study by Wadia （1998 and 2007） demonstrated the enrichment of silica according to the hypothesis that the percentage of aluminum oxide remains constant within the unweathered parent material and its weathered counterpart （Faure, 1991）, which indicated the average enrichment of silica to be 6.5%. This study demonstrates the enrichment of microcrystalline-cryptocrystalline quartz in the Reid＇s Mistake Formation of the Newcastle Coal measures of Sydney Basin, Australia, incorporating petrographic analyses and MBC （mass balance calculations） using trace element zircon as the immobile element. For MBC, zircon is more favorable, as it is a trace element that tends to be immobile during the process of chemical weathering. The composition of the unweathered reference samples was collected from the Tertiary volcanic complexes of Northeastern New South Wales and Southeastern Queensland. ICP-AES （inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy） was used to determine the chemical composition of the weathered samples. The quantitative enrichment of silica was provided by performing MBC using zircon as the immobile trace element. The petrographic analyses results indicated that the tephra was subjected to chemical weathering in a meteoric regime, as represented by minerals observed in the weathered tephra. The silica enrichment by MBC involving zircon resulted in 40.11%, which is indicative of chemical weathering, and was additionally supported by the presence of chert lenses in the volcanic horizon, indicating the enrichment of silica as a result of chemical weathering.

Petrographic Characteristics and Metalogeny of Zatua Hills BIFs, Haut-Uele Province (DR Congo)

Zatua Hills are located at Haut Uélé Province of Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), between northern Bafwasende and southern Paulis (Isiro) Squarred Degrees. Belonging to greenstone belt of Ngayu, that area is identified by the high elevated zone which is remained the witness of stable zone, not affected by the ancienst erosion process. Zatua Hills are in the superior Kibalian formation dated to Neoarchaen, hosted in Upper Congo Granites Massifs of DRC covering a large central zone of NE of DRC, and consisting to dolerite, phyllade, clay rich sediment, poor Banded Iron Formations (BIFs), enriched BIFs, friable hematite, hard hematite, mineralized and unmineralized brechias. Magnetite, martite and hematite are associated to some secondary minerals such as goethite, gibbsite, kaolinite, strengite, variscite and others clay minerals present in BIFs. Petrographic analysis made from the samples collected in situ showed, as well as BIFs and iron ore associated, that magnetite was much abundant oxide mineral which is oxided to martite before to stabilize to hematite during the deposition time. Having about hundred meters of thickness, the rich iron ore of this area content, in the majority less deleterious elements which, are harmful in metallurgic process of iron. These secondary minerals were precipitated at various degrees in the leached cavities of rocks between martite and hematite aggregates to botryoidal texture and, are rich to Al, and are mainly consisting to gibbsite and solid solution series of variscite-strengite (AlPO4·2H2O and FePO4·2H2O). Low degree of metamorphism played when magnetite was converted to martite, with the presence of variscite and anatase like witnesses of this event in which, martite was crystalized to hematite.

Petrography of Bethampudi Anorthosites Layered Complex from the Khammam Schist Belt, Telangana, India

The Bethampudi layered anorthosite complex at the border zone of Archaean supracrustal rocks of Khammam district, Eastern Ghats shows normal stratification predominantly in the form of rhythmic layering and often exhibits of zebra layering. Graded bedding and cumulate structures are also noticed. The rocks of the study area are classified based on petrography into anorthositic rocks, gabbroic rocks and ultramafic rocks and amphibolites. The field relations and major element composition suggest that these anorthosite rocks are of calc-alkaline in nature and petrogenitically related to the gabbroic rocks by the fractional crystallization at ℃.

Petrographic Study of Sedimentary Iron Ore in Shendi-Atbara Basin, River Nile State, Sudan

This paper presents the results of petrographic study of sedimentary iron ore from surface strata of the Shendi-Atbara Basin,River Nile State,Sudan.The aims of this study are to investigate the geological behavior and geological conditions affecting precipitation of sedimentary iron ore.The methodologies have been used to realize the objectives of this study include field work,office work and laboratory work including thin sections and polished sections analysis.According to field observation sedimentary iron ore can broadly be considered as occurring in three major classes:Ferribands iron,ferricrete iron and oolitic iron ores.The modes of occurrence of iron ore were described at the outcrops and vertical sedimentary profiles revealed that the iron occurred in the study area at different types in stratigraphic sequence such as cap,bedded and interbedded conformable with Shendi Formation.Petrographic study of iron ore in collected samples using polarized microscope and ore microscope includes study of the textures and structures of ores to obtain ore history.The main types of textures and structures in studied samples are oolitic,granular,lamellar and bands.According to these results the origin of iron ore is formed by chemical precipitation during chemical weathering of surrounding areas in continental lacustrine environment.The iron ore in study area is potential for future mining works and steel industry.

Petrographic Features and Sedimentary Environments of the Middle-Upper Ordovician at Shetai Town of Urad Front Banner, Inner Mongolia

Most of the hinterland of the North China platform is devoid of Late Ordovician strata. The BaiyanhuaMountain section at Shetai Town is a standard section of the Upper Ordovician newly established in recentyears at the northernmost margin of the platform. This establishment directly involved the determination of thenorth boundary of the platform and the understanding of its evolutionary Listory. The area is quite differentfrom the binterland of the platform in Middle Ordovician rock types and sedimentary environments, with theformer characterized by frequent slope deposits and the latter consisting almost entirely of platform deposits.The present paper focuses on the petrographic features and sedimentary ervironments of the Middle-UpperOrdovician strata in the area, providing further theoretical support to the establishment of the section and fil-ling the gap in this respect.

Physico-Chemical and Petrographic Characterization of Carbonated Rocks of Mintom (South-Cameroon) and Their Potential Uses

The characterization of carbonated rocks of Mintom allowed identifying three features (massive limestone, banded limestone and dolomite). Samples taken in these features were subjected to the physico-chemical analyses and to the mechanical tests. The results obtained show a convergence in the mineralogical composition in particular in the calcareous features (smectite, micas and calcite);the dolomite feature being mainly constituted by dolomite associated with the smectite. The chemical composition allows finding contents raised in CaO, in all the samples. However, in the dolomite and the banded limestone, the concentrations in MgO and in SiO2 are also important. The mechanical properties showed a good compression resistance for the massive limestone and the dolomite, the mechanical behavior of the banded limestone being low. The exploitation of these results allows recommending carbonated rocks of Mintom in the production of the clinker, agricultural amendments and in the constructions of the civil engineering.

Physio-Mechanical Properties and Petrographic Analysis of NikanaiGhar Limestone KPK, Pakistan

Petrographic, physical, and mechanical assessment investigation of NikanaiGhar limestone aggregate exposed in the Lower Dir area of Malakand Division, Pakistan, were conducted to evaluate and investigate its potential for use as a construction material for engineering projects. Different geotechnical tests and petrographic analyses were performed to evaluate its potential for construction purposes. Geotechnical tests include unconfined compressive strength, ultimate tensile strength test, specific gravity, share strength, porosity, and water absorption. The evaluated physical attributes were compared to standard specifications to determine their suitability as a construction material. Petrographic investigation indicates mainly two types of stones. Stylolitic spar stone and Spar stone are metamorphosed equivalent limestones and are not prone to alkali-silica reactivity. Mutual relationships between physical parameters have been described by simple regression analysis. Significant direct correlation of specific gravity with ultimate tensile strength and uniaxial compressive strength was noted. However, negative trends of Porosity with ultimate tensile strength and uniaxial compressive strength were observed which is in accordance with standard. The analysis revealed that the limestones of NikanaiGhar Formation fall within the standard specification limits and can be used as aggregates for the indigenous construction industry.

Petrography and Geochemical Studies of Basement Rocks around Zango-Daji and Its Environs,North Central Nigeria

The geology of the Zango-Daji area was investigated petrographically and geochemically to determine the study area’s rock types and mineralization potential.The study area is underlain by rocks of the basement complex characterized by hilly and undulating rocks,which include granitic gneiss,migmatite gneiss,biotite hornblende granite gneiss,and pegmatites.Obser­vation from the field shows that the study area is dominantly underlain by granitic gneiss.The granitic gneiss is dark grey,medium-coarse-grained,and characterized by weak foliation defined by the alignment of a streak of light and dark coloured minerals.They are widespread in the area consti­tuting about 70%of rock types found in the study area.The average modal percentage of minerals in the rocks from petrographic studies shows that granitic gneiss had quartz 45%,plagioclase 10%,microcline 20%,horn­blende 2%,biotite 10%,muscovite 5%,kyanite 8%and other minerals 5%.Also,the pegmatite of the study area has no evidence of mineralization;it contains minerals like quartz,feldspars(microcline and orthoclase),and micas(mostly muscovite).Geochemical analysis of the granitic gneiss of the study area shows that silica is by far the most abundant with a value of 53.5%,Na_(2)O value of 32.5%,Al_(2)O_(3),and k_(2)O of 6.1%and 4.0%,re­spectively.CaO value of 2.630%accounts for plagioclase feldspar in the granitic gneiss.The QAP diagram was used to determine the petrogenesis of the granitic gneiss.The plot shows the parent rock was a monzogranite with a low percentage of plagioclase in a thin section with a high percent­age of quartz and alkali feldspar.The pegmatites of the study area are bar­ren,as confirmed by the XRD result.

Organo-Petrographic and Pore Facets of Permian Shale Beds of Jharia Basin with Implications to Shale Gas Reservoir

The shale deposits of Damodar Valley have received great attention since preliminary studies indicate their potential for shale gas. However, fundamental information allied to shale gas re- servoir characteristics are still rare in India, as exploration is in the primary stage. In this study, Ba- rakar shale beds of eastern part of Jharia Basin are evaluated for gas reservoir characteristics. It is evident that Barakar shales are carbonaceous, silty, contains sub-angular flecks of quartz and mica, irregular hair-line fractures and showing lithological variations along the bedding planes, signifying terrestrial-fluviatile deposits under reducing environment. The values of TOC varies from 1.21 wt.% to 17.32 wt.%, indicating good source rock potentiality. The vitrinite, liptinite, inertinite and mineral matter ranging from 0.28 vol.% to 12.98 vol.%, 0.17 vol.% to 3.23 vol.%, 0.23 vol.% to 9.05 vol.%, and 74.74 vol.% to 99.10 vol.%, respectively. The ternary facies plot of maceral composition substan- tiated that Barakar shales are vitrinite rich and placed in the thermal-dry gas prone region. The low values of the surface area determined following different methods point towards low methane storage capacity, this is because of diagenesis and alterations of potash feldspar responsible for pore blocking effect. The pore size distribution signifying the micro to mesoporous nature, while Type II sorption curve with the H2 type of hysteresis pattern, specifies the heterogeneity in pore structure mainly combined-slit and bottle neck pores.

Depositional facies and reservoir characteristics of the Early Cretaceous Lower Goru Formation,Lower Indus Basin Pakistan:Integration of petrographic and gamma-ray log analysis

The sand intervals of the Early Cretaceous Lower Goru Formation are a conventional reservoir,generally distributed in the Middle and Lower Indus Basin of Pakistan.Lithostratigraphically formation is classified into two parts;the upper parts are predominantly composed of shale,siltstone,and thin layers of alternate shale and sandstone,while the lower parts are composed of sandstone with interlayering of shale and limestone.The sandstone of the Lower Goru Formation has been further divided into A,B,C,and D sand intervals based on reservoir quality.Detailed depositional facies and reservoir characteristics are essential for the evaluation of hydrocarbon exploration and development.This paper aims to evaluate the depositional environment and reservoir characterization of the siliciclastic reservoir of the Early Cretaceous Lower Goru Formation by integrating the gamma-ray log patterns and petrographic analysis and scanning electron microscopic(SEM)analysis.Petrographic characterization of the sand intervals and Gamma-ray log signatures were used for the interpretation of the depositional environment of the reservoir intervals.Petrographic analysis reveals that the sandstone of the Lower Goru Formation is fine-to medium-grained,well-sorted,arkose or feldspathic arenite.Primary intergranular macroporosity,secondary intragranular macropores,and Intercrystalline micropores were identified within the sandstone by the SEM analysis.The diagenetic analysis suggests that the sandstone possesses high porosity,low permeability,and has undergone significant alterations such as compaction,quartz cementation,feldspar dissolution,and clay minerals alteration.Five electrofacies are interpreted based on gamma-ray log patterns including(1)funnel shape(FA);(2)bell shape(FB);(3)cylindrical shape(FC);(4)bow shape(FD);and(5)serrated shape(FE)patterns.The interpreted facies results reveal shoreface environment for A-sand,Tidal flat for B-sand,mixed tidal flat for C sand,Tide dominated mixed for D-sand,and transgressive shelf for Esand.The present study will be helpful for the assessment of the reservoir quality of the Early Cretaceous Lower Goru Formation for further exploration and development in the Indus Basin of Pakistan.

鄂尔多斯盆地马家沟组中-下组合岩相古地理演化及储层分布规律

岩相古地理研究是储层刻画和油气勘探的基础。前期对鄂尔多斯盆地碳酸盐岩岩相古地理的认识成果,有效指导了奥陶系马家沟组顶部的风化壳储层勘探,已探明近万亿方储量规模。然而,限于资料和认识程度,原来的储层分布图无法满足日益深入的天然气勘探工作需求。因此,笔者基于最新的地质基础资料,综合运用岩相古地理分析和储层预测技术,通过编制马家沟组中-下组合重点层段的沉积相图和储层分布图,明确了中-下组合有利储层发育的主控因素和分布规律。研究表明:1)马家沟组中-下组合主要发育蒸发台地、局限台地和台地边缘3大相类型,以及8种亚相和16种微相;其中台内颗粒滩、微生物丘、台缘颗粒滩、含膏云坪是储层发育的有利微相。2)中-下组合白云岩储层微观储集空间主要有粒间孔、晶间孔、溶蚀孔、微裂缝等,主要受控于丘滩和膏云坪沉积、准同生溶蚀作用和后期充填作用3种因素。3)马二段、马四段、马五9亚段、马五7亚段以丘滩相的粒间孔和晶间孔储层为主,马三段、马五6亚段以膏云坪的溶蚀孔储层为主。结论认为,中-下组合储层类型多样、层系多、厚度大,是下一步天然气勘探的重点层系。

Reservoir quality of the Late Cretaceous Volador Formation of the Latrobe group,Gippsland Basin,Australia:Implications from integrated analytical techniques

Increasing demand for energy due to the populous Eastern Australia has driven oil and gas industries to find new sources of hydrocarbons as they are the primary energy suppliers.Intensive study has been done on the Volador Formation in the Gippsland Basin by means of core-based petrophysical,sedimentological,and petrographic analyses as well as well log-based interpretation and capillary pressure test.Five wells from Kipper,Basker and Tuna fields with available dataset were investigated in this study:Kipper-1,Basker-1,Basker-2,Basker-5 and Tuna-4.Overall,the formation has good reservoir quality based on the high porosity and permeability values obtained through core and well log petrophysical analyses.The formation made up of mostly moderate to coarse quartz grains that has experienced strong anti-compaction and is poorly cemented.Montmorillonite and illite clays are seen dispersed in the rock formation,with the minority being mixed clays.These clays and diagenetic features including kaolinite cement and quartz overgrowth that can lead to porosity reduction only have insignificant impact on the overall reservoir quality.In addition,capillary pressure data shows that most samples are found in the transition to good reservoir zones(<50%saturation).The results obtained from this study have shown that the Volador Formation in the Gippsland Basin is worth for hydrocarbon exploration.

Sedimentary environment and organic matter accumulation of Wufeng-Longmaxi shales,southwest Yangtze Plate,China:Insights from geochemical and petrological evidence

Upper Ordovician-Lower Silurian Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation is the most developed strata of shale gas in southern China.Due to the complex sedimentary environment adjacent to the Kangdian Uplift,the favorable area for organic-rich shale development is still undetermined.The authors,therefore,focus on the mechanism of accumulation of organic matter and the characterization of the sedimentary environment of the Wufeng-Longmaxi Shales to have a more complete understanding and new discovering of organic matter enrichment and favorable area in the marginal region around Sichuan Basin.Multiple methods were applied in this study,including thin section identification,scanning electron microscopy(SEM)observations and X-ray diffraction(XRD),and elemental analysis on outcrop samples.Five lithofacies have been defined according to the mineralogical and petrological analyses,including mudstone,bioclastic limestone,silty shale,dolomitic shale,and carbonaceous siliceous shale.The paleo-environments have been reconstructed and the organic enrichment mechanism has been identified as a reduced environment and high productivity.The Wufeng period is generally a suboxic environment and the early Longmaxi period is a reducing environment based on geochemical characterization.High dolomite content in the study area is accompanied by high TOC,which may potentially indicate the restricted anoxic environment formed by biological flourishing in shallower water.And for the area close to the Kangdian Uplift,the shale gas generation capability is comparatively favorable.The geochemical parameters implied that new favorable areas for shale gas exploration could be targeted,and more shale gas resources in the mountain-basin transitional zone might be identified in the future.

四川盆地复兴地区侏罗系纹层型页岩油气富集主控因素

四川盆地复兴地区侏罗系发育多套富有机质页岩,多口井试获高产工业油气流。明确不同页岩岩相沉积储层特征及富集主控因素对勘探部署具有重要意义。基于岩心精细描述、实验分析及钻井勘探实践,开展了陆相地层细粒沉积岩岩相划分与对比、储层精细表征、油气藏类型及富集高产主控因素解剖,形成了以下几点认识:(1)复兴地区侏罗系发育自流井组东岳庙段一亚段、凉高山组二段下亚段两套半深湖相优质页岩,具有多层叠置、中等有机碳含量、纹层发育、源储一体及高气油比特征;两套目的层页岩岩性复杂,为此,建立了基于“颜色—有机碳含量—沉积结构—矿物成分”四元岩相划分方案,明确了灰黑色高碳粉砂纹层型黏土页岩为凉二段下亚段有利岩相,灰黑色高碳介屑纹层、粉砂介屑纹层型黏土页岩为东一亚段有利岩相,3种有利岩相在研究区横向分布稳定。(2)灰黑色高碳粉砂纹层、介屑纹层、粉砂介屑纹层型黏土页岩具有“多孔共生、大孔大喉、孔缝一体”的储集特征,储集物性好、渗透率高,利于页岩油气在孔—缝储集体系中高效储集流动。(3)东一亚段为凝析气藏,凉二段下亚段为挥发性油藏。(4)明确了陆相页岩油气富集主控因素:中高生烃潜力、强滞留率为纹层型页岩油气富集提供物质基础;良好的成烃—成岩—成储—成藏配置关系利于油气聚集成藏;微裂缝发育及合适的热演化程度利于烃类富集及流动;大型宽缓向斜及高压—超压条件利于烃类持续保存。

川西地区雷口坡组储层流体包裹体特征与成藏期次

以地震、钻井、岩心和包裹体薄片等资料为基础,结合区域构造演化和烃源岩生排烃过程,通过对川西地区中三叠统雷口坡组储层流体包裹体岩相学分析、均一温度及盐度测定、埋藏—热演化史模拟和气藏演化过程分析等,明确雷口坡组油气充注时间和期次,分析不同类型气藏的成藏过程。结果表明:川西探区雷口坡组包裹体成群/成带发育于孔洞矿物充填期后,丰度较低(GOI为1%±),均为灰色—深灰色含烃盐水包裹体;均一温度在90℃~200℃,温度峰值在120℃~150℃;盐度分布在0~24%,具体可细分为0~4%、6%~18%和20%~24%共3个区间。川西探区雷口坡组天然气主成藏期有3期,分别为晚三叠世末期、早侏罗世晚期至晚侏罗世早期和新近纪—第四纪。油气成藏过程为晚三叠世,上二叠统龙潭组和中三叠统雷口坡组烃源岩进入生油高峰,生成原油沿印支运动形成的断裂进入雷四段储层形成古油藏;早-中侏罗世,两套烃源岩进入生气高峰,叠加古油藏裂解生气形成气藏,斜坡区马鞍塘组烃源岩进入生油高峰,沿不整合面侧向运移至雷四段储层形成古油藏;新近纪以来,油气藏最终调整定型形成现今形态。

鄂尔多斯盆地东北部神木-佳县地区上石炭统本溪组沉积特征

综合研究区钻井岩心资料及东边野外剖面的岩石类型、岩石结构、沉积构造、岩电组合等及1500余口井砂岩、泥岩、灰岩和煤层等岩性厚度及砂地比展布特征,对神木—佳县地区上石炭统本溪组的沉积特征和本1、本2段沉积微相平面展布特征及其演化进行深入研究。结果表明,研究区主要为三角洲和障壁海岸沉积体系,其中三角洲体系主要为三角洲前缘亚相,可进一步划分为水下分流河道和分流间湾微相;障壁海岸体系可划分为障壁岛、潮坪和潟湖3种亚相,进一步划分为砂坪、泥坪、滨海沼泽等多种微相。研究区西部本2及本1段发育澙湖障壁岛沉积,障壁岛均呈零星状分布;研究区东部本2期主要为潮坪沉积,潮坪沉积以泥坪和砂坪为主,仅北部存在三角洲前缘沉积且规模较小;到本1期演化为三角洲前缘沉积,具有明显的南北分带特征:双山—双99井以北为河控三角洲,西南部则为潮汐改造三角洲。西南部潮汐改造三角洲受潮汐改造程度高,岩石粒度较粗,岩屑及胶结物含量较高,因此粒间孔、岩屑溶孔及晶间孔含量较高,储层物性较好,天然气产量较高。

骨料碱活性矿物组成和含量对碱-硅酸反应的影响

采用岩相法确定某东南沿海地区常用骨料具有碱活性,岩石类型为蚀变岩和安山岩,活性矿物主要为硅质蛋白石、玉髓、隐晶玻璃和绿帘石。蚀变岩碱活性矿物含量远高于安山岩,骨料以蚀变岩为主的试块快速砂浆棒法膨胀率大于以安山岩为主的试块。通过SEM和EDS对快速砂浆棒法试样自然断面进行形貌观察和元素含量分析,结果表明:蚀变岩碱活性矿物以铝硅酸盐为主,蚀变过程中Al^(3+)部分取代Si^(4+),Na^(+)吸附能力增强,碱活性增加。