Ultrafast power Doppler imaging for ischemic encephalopathy:A case report

BACKGROUND Severely elevated intracranial pressure due to various reasons,such as decreased cerebral perfusion,can lead to devastating neurological outcomes,such as brain herniation.Decompression craniectomy is a life-saving procedure that is commonly performed for such a critical situation,but the changes in cerebral microvessels after brain herniation and decompression are unclear.Ultrafast power Doppler imaging(uPDI)is a new microvascular imaging technology that utilizes high frame rate plane/diverging wave transmission and advanced clutter filters.uPDI significantly improves Doppler sensitivity and can detect microvessels,which are usually invisible using traditional ultrasound Doppler imaging.CASE SUMMARY In this report,uPDI was used for the first time to observe the brain blood flow of a hypoperfusion area in a 4-year-old girl who underwent decompression craniectomy due to refractory intracranial hypertension(ICP)after malignant brain tumor surgery.B-mode imaging was used to verify the increased densities of the cerebral cortex and basal ganglia that were observed by computed tomography.CONCLUSION uPDI showed the local blood supplies and anatomical structures of the patient after decompressive craniectomy.uPDI is potentially a more intuitive and noninvasive method for evaluating the effects of severe ICP on cerebral microvessels.

Power Doppler ultrasonographic assessment of the ankle in patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases

Ankle involvement is frequent in patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases, but accurate evaluation by physical examination is often difficult because of the complex anatomical structures of the ankle. Over the last decade, ultrasound(US) has become a practical imaging tool for the assessment of articular and periarticular pathologies, including joint synovitis, tenosynovitis, and enthesitis in rheumatic diseases. Progress in power Doppler(PD) technology has enabled evaluation of the strength of ongoing inflammation. PDUS is very useful for identifying the location and kind of pathologies in rheumatic ankles as well as for distinguishing between inflammatory processes and degenerative changes or between active inflammation and residual damage. The aim of this paper is to illustrate the US assessment of ankle lesions in patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosus, focusing on the utility of PDUS.

Correlation between Perifollicular Vascularity and Outcome in Stimulated Intrauterine Insemination Treatment Cycles: A Study Using Two-Dimensional Transvaginal Power Doppler Ultrasound

Objective:?The aim of this study is to assess any potential relationship between perifollicular vascularity and occurrence of pregnancy in cases of stimulated IUI cycles using the subjective grading system by 2D transvaginal power Doppler ultrasonography.?Design: A prospective cross sectional cohort study. Method: This is a prospective cross-sectional cohort study of 90 stimulated IUI treatment cycles. Selected women were prescribed clomiphene citrate combined with highly purified urinary follicle stimulating hormone. All patients underwent serial transvaginal ultrasound scans starting from day 6 to 7 of the cycle. Perifollicular Doppler blood flows were assessed in dominant follicles ≥18 mm. The patients then were categorized into 3 groups (high vascularity group {G3 & G4}, low vascularity group {G1 & G2} and mixed grades group). Other parameters measured included number of follicles ≥ 18 mm in both ovaries, endometrial thickness and estradiol (E2) level . Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) injection 10,000 IU IM was given to the patient when the dominant follicle reached 18 mm in diameter. At that time, the endometrium was evaluated as regards endometrial thickness. IUI was carried out using prepared/“washed” semen (husband). All patients received luteal support in the form of progesterone from day of IUI for 14 days. Serum Β-hCG was estimated 2 weeks after insemination. Results: In this study, from all 90 cases only 8 cases got pregnant with pregnancy rate of 8.88% (6 cases got pregnant in high grade vascularity group;2 cases in mixed grades group and no cases got pregnant?in low grade group). There was statistically significant difference among the 3 groups as regarding?the pregnancy rate (P value = 0.02). There is statistically significant difference in perifollicular resistance index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) between pregnant and non pregnant cases (P value = 0.016 and 0.047 respectively). In this study, there is no statistically significant difference between pregnant and non pregnant cases as regarding endometrial thickness and E2 level at the day of hCG administration (P value = 0.39 and 0.76 respectively). Conclusion: Perifollicular blood-flow assessment by 2D transvaginal power Doppler is a good predictive for the outcome of stimulated IUI cycles.

Preoperative serum vascular endothelial growth factor correlated to three dimensional power Doppler indices in ovarian masses

Objective: To assess the preoperative serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in ovarian masses compared to normal controls and to find a correlation between VEGF and Doppler indices in ovarian masses. Methods: The study was conducted from December 2009 to September 2012 in the oncology and ultrasound units in department of obstetrics and gynecology, Ain Shams University on 150 patients with ovarian masses. During preoperative workup, serum Ca-125 levels and serum VEGF levels were obtained. Ultrasonographic examination included two and three dimensional power Doppler ultrasound (3DPD). Laparotomic approaches were undertaken to obtain the final pathologic results. VEGF was measured in one hundred normal cases as controls. Results: Final ovarian pathology revealed seventy three malignant ovarian masses and seventy seven were benign. Serum Ca-125 levels in malignant cases were higher compared to those in benign cases (p < 0.001). Preoperative serum VEGF revealed higher levels in malignant ovarian masses than benign conditions and normal controls (p < 0.001). Three dimensional power Doppler indices, vascularization index (VI), flow index (FI) and vascularization flow index (VFI), correlated positively with serum VEGF levels. Conclusion: Preoperative serum VEGF revealed higher levels in malignant ovarian masses than benign conditions and normal controls. These levels positively correlated with the Doppler vascular indices of the masses.

Comparative Study of Radiological Changes in Hands and Feet in Patients Suffering from Early Rheumatoid Arthritis by Power Doppler Ultrasound and Direct Digital Radiography

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic multisystem disease of unknown cause. The characteristic feature of RA is persistent inflammatory synovitis. The natural history of disease is such that the early months of the disease are critical period during which reversible joint damage occurs. So early diagnosis of RA and appropriate drug application is the only way to save a patient from this crippling disease. In India, the cost of investigations is a significant factor for most of the patients. Ultrasonography or Power Doppler Ultra Sound (PDUS) has the advantage of being economic in spite of its sensitivity in assessing both inflammatory and destructive changes. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of PDUS in early rheumatoid arthritis. The study was performed with the patients attending Rheumatology Clinic. A total number of 106 patients of clinically suspected rheumatoid arthritis were studied as per selection criteria. Radiological examinations of hands were done by digital radiography and PDUS in a group of 53 patients, assessment of foot changes by PDUS and Digital Radiography were done in another similar group of 53 patients. Final diagnosis by ACR EULAR-2010 criteria is done for all the patients. The comparative study reveals that synovial vascularity as demonstrated by PDUS is much more effective in diagnosing early rheumatoid arthritis, both in hand and in feet than digital radiograph. PDUS of feet may yield earlier and better findings than hands, which is conventionally used in patients suffering from early rheumatoid arthritis.

Use of power Doppler sonography for differential diagnosis of small hepatocellular carcinoma and adenomatous hyperplastic nodule

To evaluate applicability of power Doppler sonography (PDS) in differential diag nosis of small hepatocellular carcinoma (SHCC) and adenomatous hyperplastic nodu le (AHN) Methods Twenty two cases of SHCC and 15 cases of AHN were investigated by PDS an d the findings were campared with those of digital subtraction angiography (DSA) Results The rates of arterial and portal flow in an afferent tumor vessel were 86 4% a n d 40 9% in SHCCs, respectively The rate of portal flow in an afferent tumor v essel was 60 0% in AHNs, while no arterial flow was detected ( P <0 01) In addition, PDS revealed a constant flow in an efferent tumor vessel (50 0%) c ontinuing to a portal branch in 10 (45 5%) of the 22 SHCCs cases to a hepatic v ein in 1 (4 5%) of the 22 SHCCs, but to nothing else in the AHNs ( P <0 01) Conclusions Power Doppler sonography is of value in distinguishing SHCC from AHN, and arteri al afferent tumor vessels from constant flow efferent tumor vessels at PDS

OFDM通信系统中的一种最大Doppler频移估计算法

在分析了已有各种Doppler估计算法的基础上,根据功率谱估计经典算法——窗函数法的原理,直接利用接收到的频域中连续导频信号,进行最大Doppler频移估计。该算法同时适合于单载波和多载波系统。仿真结果均表明:在单径和多径条件下,该算法均可对正交频分复用(OFDM)传输系统中的最大Doppler频移获得较精确的估计结果。该算法十分适合于OFDM移动通信系统。

Doppler Ultrasound in Post-Molar Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia

Objectives: To evaluate the role of Doppler ultrasound in prediction and follow up during management of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN). Methods: The study was performed at Oncology Unit, Maternity Hospital, Ain Shams University in the period from November 2015 to December 2018. Forty cases of complete mole, after evacuation and follow up of serum human chorionic gonodotrophin (β-hCG) titre until it reached zero level (group I) and forty post molar GTN cases (group II) were included in the study. Doppler ultrasound of the subendometrial and intramural blood flow was done for all cases of group I and II. Doppler included two dimensional and three dimensional power Doppler indices. Group II received Methotrexate (MTX) and folinic acid in a dose of 8-day MTX-FA regimen. Doppler follow up for six months of group II concurrently with the chemotherapy regimen was done. Results: A statistically significant difference was found between group I and II regarding initial readings of all Doppler parameters. Follow up for 6 months of GTN cases revealed progressive statistically significant decrease of intramural and subendometrial three dimensional power Doppler (3DPD) indices, while there was a significant increase in two dimensional (2D) Doppler parameters. Four cases were resistant to Methotrexate chemotherapy. Cut off values were determined for prediction of GTN. Multivariate analysis revealed that the most predictive parameter was the subendometrial pulsatility index (PI), odds ratio = 10.63 (95% CI: 1.30 - 86.89). The cut-off point for sub-endometrial PI was: 2.05 (AUC, 90%;sensitivity, 88%;specificity, 76%, PPV 78%, and NPV 86%) with a diagnostic accuracy of 87%. To and Fro sign may be considered a pathognomonic intramural ultrasound sign for prediction of GTN chemo-resistance or choriocarcinoma. Conclusion: Cut off values for Doppler parameters can be used for early predication of GTN. Doppler ultrasound indices can be used during follow up of GTN cases concurrently with serum β-hCG to monitor the response to treatment.

获得高分辩率谱的方法之一——消Doppler双光子光谱术

光谱测量的精度受到Ｄｏｐｐｌｅｒ线宽的制约，消除由Ｄｏｐｐｌｅｒ效应引起的谱线加宽，成为获得高分辩率谱首要解决的问题．高分辩激光光谱方法很多，本文仅对双光子吸收法、作一简介，以飨读者，愿高等农业院校广大读者利用光谱术进行生物学科的测量时，了解并重视这一方法．

经阴道三维能量多普勒超声联合二维剪切波弹性成像预测备孕女性妊娠结局的临床价值

目的应用经阴道三维能量多普勒超声(3D-PDI)联合二维剪切波弹性成像(2D-SWE)评估备孕女性子宫内膜容受性,探讨其预测妊娠结局的临床应用价值。方法选取在我院接受卵泡检测的87例备孕女性,均于排卵第7~8天(种植窗期)行经阴道3D-PDI检查,于增殖期行2D-SWE检查,然后随访6周,根据妊娠结局将其分为受孕组31例和未受孕组56例。比较两组子宫内膜厚度、容积、回声类型、血流分型、子宫螺旋动脉搏动指数(PI)、阻力指数(RI)、收缩期峰值流速与舒张末期流速比值(S/D)、血管化指数(VI)、血流指数(FI)、血管化血流指数(VFI),以及子宫内膜杨氏模量平均值(以下简称杨氏模量值)的差异。绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析经阴道3D-PDI和2D-SWE参数单独及联合应用对备孕女性妊娠结局的预测价值。结果受孕组子宫内膜厚度和FI均高于未受孕组,S/D和子宫内膜杨氏模量值均低于未受孕组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);两组子宫内膜容积、回声类型、血流分型及PI、RI、VI、VFI比较差异均无统计学意义。ROC曲线分析显示,子宫内膜厚度、FI、S/D和子宫内膜杨氏模量值预测备孕女性妊娠结局的曲线下面积分别为0.789、0.851、0.853和0.840,联合应用的曲线下面积为0.895,高于各参数单独应用,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论经阴道3D-PDI联合2D-SWE可准确评估备孕女性子宫内膜容受性,对预测其妊娠结局有较好的临床应用价值。

三维能量多普勒超声预测宫颈癌化疗效果的临床价值

目的探讨三维能量多普勒超声(3D-PDU)预测宫颈癌化疗效果的临床应用价值。方法选取在我院接受新辅助化疗治疗的宫颈癌患者160例,根据化疗效果分为有效组103例和无效组57例,比较两组3D-PDU血流参数[血管形成-血流指数(VFI)、血流指数(FI)及血管形成指数(VI)]的差异。采用多因素Logistic回归分析筛选预测宫颈癌患者化疗效果的独立危险因素,并建立宫颈癌患者化疗效果风险预测模型;采用Hosmer-Lemeshow检验评估模型的拟合度;绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析模型的预测效能。结果化疗后,两组VFI、FI及VI均较化疗前下降,且有效组上述参数均低于无效组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,化疗后VFI、FI及VI均为预测宫颈癌患者化疗效果的独立危险因素(OR=2.826、4.637、3.216,均P<0.05),建立宫颈癌患者化疗效果风险预测模型为:Logit(P)=1/[1+e^((-4.609+1.039×化疗后VFI+1.534×化疗后FI+1.168×化疗后VI))]。Hosmer-Lemeshow检验显示模型的拟合度较好(χ^(2)=4.635,P=0.781);ROC曲线分析显示模型预测宫颈癌患者化疗效果的曲线下面积为0.882(P<0.05)。结论应用3D-PDU可以较好地预测宫颈癌化疗效果,具有一定的临床应用价值。

超声评分法联合三维能量多普勒血流灌注参数对胎盘植入性疾病的诊断价值

目的探讨超声评分法联合三维能量多普勒超声(3D power doppler ultrasonography,3D-PDU)诊断胎盘植入性疾病(placenta accreta,PAS)不同病理分型的应用价值。方法分析112例疑似PAS的孕妇,术前进行超声评分,并进行3D-PDU检查,测量血管指数(vascularization index,VI)、血流指数(flow index,FI)和血管-血流指数(vascularization flow index,VFI)。以病理诊断为金标准将样本分为不同组别,比较组间血流灌注参数的差异性。结果112例疑似PAS患者病理证实92例,PAS组VI、FI及VFI均高于无PAS组(P均<0.05)。92例PAS中未侵入肌层即粘连型24例,侵入肌层包括植入型和穿透型68例,侵入肌层组的VI、FI及VFI均高于非侵入肌层组(P均<0.05)。而植入型与穿透型比较时,穿透型的VI、VFI均高于植入型(P均<0.05)。采用超声评分法联合3D-PDU诊断粘连型、植入型以及穿透型胎盘植入的Kappa值分别为0.724、0.856和0.892。结论超声评分法与3D-PDU联合使用可定量分析胎盘血流灌注情况,为产前诊断PAS的精准分型提供量化评估依据。

Stochastic Modeling and Power Control of Time-Varying Wireless Communication Networks

Wireless networks are characterized by nodes mobility, which makes the propagation environment time-varying and subject to fading. As a consequence, the statistical characteristics of the received signal vary continuously, giving rise to a Doppler power spectral density (DPSD) that varies from one observation instant to the next. This paper is concerned with dynamical modeling of time-varying wireless fading channels, their estimation and parameter identification, and optimal power control from received signal measurement data. The wireless channel is characterized using a stochastic state-space form and derived by approximating the time-varying DPSD of the channel. The expected maximization and Kalman filter are employed to recursively identify and estimate the channel parameters and states, respectively, from online received signal strength measured data. Moreover, we investigate a centralized optimal power control algorithm based on predictable strategies and employing the estimated channel parameters and states. The proposed models together with the estimation and power control algorithms are tested using experimental measurement data and the results are presented.

早孕期三维能量多普勒联合频谱多普勒定量评估胎盘血流灌注预测胎儿生长受限的相关性

目的 分析早孕期三维能量多普勒联合频谱多普勒定量评估胎盘血流灌注预测胎儿生长受限(FGR)的相关性。方法 选取76例于天津中医药大学附属北辰中医医院2021年4月—2022年9月进行早孕期NT检查的孕妇为研究对象,根据胎儿是否存在生长受限分为对照组69例,FGR组7例。以此对比产妇基本资料,两组超声参数:胎盘血管化指数(VI)、胎盘血流指数(FI)、血管化-血流指数(VFI)、子宫动脉阻力指数(UtA-RI)、子宫动脉搏动指数(UtA-PI)、胎儿静脉导管搏动指数(DV-PI),分析发生FGR独立危险因素,超声参数与FGR的相关性,ROC曲线分析不同指标预测FGR的效能。结果 FGR与年龄、BMI指数、孕期贫血、产次无关,无统计学差异(P>0.05);主要与胎膜早破、羊水过少、脐带异常、胎粪污染、胎盘异常有关,具有统计学差异(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,FGR组VI、VFI、水平较低,UtA-RI、UtA-PI、DV-PI水平有所提升(P<0.05)。以FGR为因变量(0=否,1=是),建立Logistic回归模型,结果显示,VI、VFI、UtA-RI、UtA-PI、DV-PI是导致FGR的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。VI、VFI参数与FGR呈负相关;UtA-RI、UtA-PI、DV-PI参数与FGR呈正相关(P<0.05)。ROC曲线显示,VI、VFI、UtA-RI、UtA-PI、DV-PI单一及联合预测均有较高效能,而联合检查预测价值最高(P<0.05)。结论 早孕期采用三维能量多普勒联合频谱多普勒预测FGR的效能较高,有助于早期诊断并及时采取干预措施。

三维能量多普勒定量技术对乳腺癌组织学分级的预测价值探讨

目的探讨三维能量多普勒超声(3D-PDUS)中血管定量参数对乳腺癌组织学分级的预测价值。方法回顾性选择2018年1月至2023年6月在杭州市中医院行手术治疗的乳腺癌患者77例(恶性肿块86个),所有肿块均经病理组织学检查证实,根据组织学分级分为Ⅰ级组、Ⅱ级组、Ⅲ级组。比较3组患者年龄、常规超声检查所见、3D-PDUS指标。常规超声检查所见包括淋巴结转移、肿块内部钙化、肿块Adler血流分级;3D-PDUS指标包括肿块体积、血管参数[血管形成指数(VI)、血流指数(FI)、血管形成-血流指数(VFI)]。应用logistic回归分析乳腺癌组织学分级的危险因素。采用ROC曲线分析VI、FI、VFI对乳腺癌组织学分级的预测准确度。结果Ⅲ级组VI、FI、VFI高于Ⅱ级组,Ⅱ级组高于Ⅰ级组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。其中FI为乳腺癌不同组织学分级的独立危险因素(P<0.001)。ROC曲线分析显示VI、FI、VFI对乳腺癌组织学分级的预测准确度均较高(AUC=0.888、0.891、0.894,均P<0.001)。结论3D-PDUS显示的VI、FI、VFI是瘤内血管化重要定量指标,可为乳腺癌患者组织学分级提供可靠的影像学预测信息。

三维能量多普勒超声预测子宫腺肌病患者体外受精-胚胎移植后妊娠结局的临床价值

目的探讨经阴道三维能量多普勒超声(3D-PDUS)预测子宫腺肌病患者体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)后妊娠结局的临床价值。方法选取在我院接受IVF-ET的子宫腺肌病不孕患者100例(研究组),以及同期单纯不孕患者40例(对照组),均于IVF-ET前行经阴道3D-PDUS观察子宫内膜与肌层交界区(EMI)的形态,获取EMI平均厚度、容积及血管化指数(VI)、血流指数(FI)、血管化血流指数(VFI),比较两组上述参数的差异。记录研究组患者妊娠结局,比较妊娠患者与未妊娠患者EMI形态、平均厚度、容积及VI、FI、VFI的差异。采用二元Logistic回归分析筛选子宫腺肌病患者IVF-ET后妊娠结局的独立影响因素;绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析经阴道3D-PDUS预测子宫腺肌病患者IVF-ET后妊娠结局的诊断效能。结果研究组EMI形态正常占比、FI均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);两组EMI平均厚度、容积及VI、VFI比较差异均无统计学意义。研究组患者接受IVF-ET后成功妊娠60例,未妊娠40例;妊娠患者EMI形态正常占比、平均厚度、容积及VI、FI、VFI均高于未妊娠患者,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。二元Logistic回归分析显示,EMI容积和VFI均为子宫腺肌病患者IVF-ET后妊娠结局的独立影响因素(OR=4.725、2.160,均P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,EMI容积和VFI预测子宫腺肌病患者IVF-ET后妊娠结局的曲线下面积分别为0.795和0.672,对应的截断值分别为3.085 cm3和0.597。结论经阴道3D-PDUS能较好地预测子宫腺肌病患者IVF-ET后妊娠结局,具有一定的临床价值。

超声超微血流多普勒评估子宫内膜容受性及预测辅助生殖技术妊娠结局的价值:一项病例对照研究

背景子宫内膜区域血流量是评价内膜容受性的重要指标,目前临床上缺少一种可有效定量分析子宫内膜血流量的超声评价指标。目的探讨MV-Flow超声成像技术下接受辅助生殖技术的育龄期不孕女性子宫内膜容受性指标特点及其对辅助生殖妊娠结局的预测能力。方法选取2022年5—12月于解放军总医院第一医学中心行经阴道盆腔妇科超声检查且接受辅助生殖技术的育龄期不孕女性为研究对象,以同期行相同检查的健康育龄期女性为对照组,两组均采用MV-Flow超声成像技术分析并比较子宫内膜相关参数差异。追访不孕组行辅助生殖技术后的妊娠结局,并评价MV-Flow超声成像技术对预测成功妊娠的价值。结果接受辅助生殖技术不孕组59例,年龄(35.41±4.89)岁;健康对照组62例,年龄(33.10±5.09)岁。不孕组年龄高于健康对照组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.012)。健康对照组子宫内膜厚度[M(IQR):0.9(0.7~1.0)cm vs 0.8(0.6~0.9)cm]、体积[M(IQR):3.71(2.66~5.10)mL vs 2.90(2.03~3.99)mL]、三维能量血流指数(flow index,FI)[(27.88±10.33)dB vs(23.84±10.42)dB]、微血流血管化指数(microvascular bleeding vascularization index,VI_(MV))[M(IQR):12.20%(5.15%~19.36%)vs 7.13%(3.08%~14.12%)]均高于不孕组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。根据妊娠结局分为妊娠组29例,年龄(33.43±3.95)岁,未妊娠组30例,年龄(37.66±5.01)岁,两组年龄差异有统计学意义(P=0.009)。妊娠组女性的内膜三维能量FI[(28.88±7.92)dB vs(18.54±10.27)dB]、VI_(MV)[M(IQR):13.42%(5.45%~16.99%)vs 5.16%(2.17%~7.73%)]和抗米勒管激素(anti-Müllerian hormone,AMH)[M(IQR):2.49(1.24~6.05)ng/mL vs 1.61(0.80~2.49)ng/mL]高于未妊娠组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。子宫内膜VIMV对预测成功妊娠的曲线下面积为0.794,VI_(MV)分别联合年龄、FI、AMH、综合评价指标1(F1)以及四者的排列组合预测妊娠结局的曲线下面积为0.815~0.871,其中子宫内膜VI_(MV)联合年龄、FI和F1的曲线下面积最大(AUC=0.871)。结论MV-Flow超声成像技术能够为接受辅助生殖技术预测成功妊娠提供影像学参考。

ADNEX模型联合三维能量多普勒超声鉴别卵巢肿瘤良恶性的价值

目的探讨评估不同附件肿瘤(ADNEX)模型联合三维能量多普勒超声(3D-PDUS)鉴别卵巢肿瘤良恶性的临床应用价值。方法回顾性收集2022年10月至2023年6月于梅州市人民医院接受手术治疗并于术前进行过二维及三维超声检查的64例卵巢肿瘤患者的67个肿块,根据病理学分为良性组(40个)和恶性组(27个),分别进行ADNEX模型分析;比较良恶性卵巢肿瘤组间的3D-PDUS血流参数差异,筛选有意义的指标,并据此对ADNEX模型的诊断结果进行升级或降级;分别绘制ADNEX模型及联合3D-PDUS后诊断卵巢肿瘤的ROC曲线,比较ADNEX模型及联合3D-PDUS诊断卵巢肿瘤良恶性的价值。结果恶性组3D-PDUS的血管指数(VI)及血管-血流指数(VFI)值均高于良性组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);根据VI及VFI值对卵巢肿瘤的分级进行调整后,病理性质为良性的卵巢肿瘤中有8个被正确下调为良性,2个被错误上调为恶性;病理为恶性的卵巢肿瘤中有2个被错误下调为良性,1个被正确上调为恶性。ADNEX模型的AUC值为0.751(95%CI:0.631~0.871),敏感度为85.2%,特异度为65.0%,阳性预测值为62.2%,阴性预测值为86.7%;联合3D-PDUS后,AUC值为0.826(95%CI:0.719~0.932),敏感度为85.2%,特异度为80.0%,阳性预测值为74.2%,阴性预测值为88.9%,除敏感度外,各项诊断指标均有所提高。结论ADNEX模型联合3D-PDUS技术能更好地鉴别卵巢肿瘤的良恶性,在不降低敏感度的情况下,提升诊断特异度。

多模态超声评估妊娠期糖尿病患者胎盘功能的价值

目的探讨晚孕期频谱多普勒超声、三维能量多普勒超声(3D-PDU)及剪切波弹性成像(SWE)评估妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)患者胎盘功能的价值。方法选择GDM患者58例为GDM组,年龄24~38岁,平均年龄30.7岁;孕龄28~40周,平均孕龄34.7周;孕前身体质量指数(BMI)18.3~33.7 kg/m^(2),平均BMI 23.6 kg/m^(2);空腹、口服葡萄糖后1 h、2 h血糖分别为3.97~6.58、7.45~13.17、4.62~12.82 mmol/L,平均血糖分别为5.20、9.94、8.34 mmol/L。正常孕妇70例为对照组,年龄21~42岁,平均年龄29.6岁;孕龄28~41周,平均孕龄35.1周;孕前BMI 16.2~32.0 kg/m^(2),平均BMI 22.8 kg/m^(2)。常规超声检查胎儿双顶径、头围、腹围、股骨长、胎龄、胎儿体质量、胎盘厚度、羊水量。应用频谱多普勒超声获得胎儿脐动脉(UA)、大脑中动脉(MCA)及孕妇子宫动脉(UtA)的血流参数[收缩期/舒张末期峰值速度比(S/D)、搏动指数(PI)、阻力指数(RI)],计算脑-胎盘比(CPR);通过3D-PDU获得胎盘能量指数[血管血流指数(VFI)、血流指数(FI)、血管指数(VI)];应用SWE测得胎盘中央及边缘的平均弹性模量(E)。比较两组数据,绘制受试者工作特性(ROC)曲线对各参数进行评价。结果GDM组与对照组检查时胎儿双顶径、头围、腹围、股骨长、胎龄、胎儿体质量、胎盘厚度、羊水量比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组孕妇产次、分娩方式和新生儿出生体质量、Apgar 1 min和5 min评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与对照组比较,GDM组不良妊娠结局的发生率升高(25.9%vs 11.4%),UtA血流参数升高(S/D:1.94±0.30 vs 1.82±0.18;PI:0.73±0.16 vs 0.65±0.11;RI:0.48±0.06 vs 0.45±0.05),GDM组胎盘能量指数降低(VI:11.76±2.92 vs 15.81±2.98;FI:33.44±2.80 vs 34.79±2.50;VFI:3.94±1.05 vs 5.53±1.20),GDM组胎盘中央及边缘E升高(5.94±0.89 vs 4.81±0.65;6.12±1.01 vs 4.88±0.71),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组UA、MCA血流参数(S/D、PI、RI)及CPR比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,UtA-PI、胎盘VFI、胎盘中央E在单一模态超声中诊断价值较高,三项联合评估的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.914,对GDM诊断价值较单一参数明显提高。结论频谱多普勒超声、3D-PDU、SWE可评估晚孕期GDM患者胎盘功能,多模态超声联合应用可提高诊断效能,为GDM的临床管理提供参考。

二维超声联合三维血管成像对慢性子宫内膜炎的诊断价值

目的 探讨经阴道二维超声联合三维能量多普勒血管成像(3D-PDA)检查子宫内膜对慢性子宫内膜炎(CE)的诊断价值。方法 选取2023年1月至2023年8月西安市第四医院收治的210例女性患者作为研究对象,均行经阴道超声及宫腔镜检查,以病理诊断结果为标准,分为CE组(n=119)和无CE的对照组(n=91),比较两组经阴道二维超声检查的子宫内膜厚度、回声均匀性、子宫内膜Applebaum分型情况,以及3D-PDA检查的子宫内膜血流参数,包括血管化指数(VI)、血流指数(FI)及血管-血流指数(VFI)。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析子宫内膜厚度、回声均匀性、子宫内膜Applebaum分型、VI、FI、VFI对CE的诊断价值。结果 CE组子宫内膜厚度、Ⅱ型及Ⅲ型血流占比、VI、FI、VFI均小于对照组,内膜回声不均匀占比、Ⅰ型血流占比均多于对照组(t/χ^(2)值介于-2.831~89.249之间,P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,子宫内膜厚度、内膜回声均匀性、VI、FI、VFI五项联合检测的诊断价值最高,AUC值为0.942,灵敏度87.90%,特异度为79.50%。结论 经阴道二维超声联合三维能量多普勒血管成像检查子宫内膜对CE的诊断价值较高,可作为一种无创性的临床诊断方法推广使用。