The Late Triassic I-Type Granites from the Longmu Co-Shuanghu Suture Zone in the interior of Tibetan Plateau, China： Petrogenesis and Implication for Slab Break-Off

The Jiangaidarina granitic mass(JM) is an important part of the magmatic belt in Longmu CoShuanghu Suture Zone(LSSZ) in the central Tibetan Plateau. An integrated research involving wholerock geochemistry, zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb ages and Hf isotopic compositions was carried out to define the timing, genesis and tectonic setting of the JM. Zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb ages have been obtained ranging from 210 to 215 Ma, rather than the Early Jurassic as previously thought. Fifteen granite samples contain hornblendes and show a negative correlation between POand SiO, indicating that the JM is an I-type granite. All the granites are enriched in LREE relative to HREE, with negative Eu anomalies(Eu/Eu*=0.56-0.81), and have similar trace elements patterns, with depletion of Ba, Nb, Sr and P. These suggest that the JM was fractionated, and this is also proved by the characteristic of negative correlations between oxide elements(TiO, MgO, FeOt, MnO, CaO) and SiO. Almost all ε(t) values of the granites are between-10.3 and-5.8, implying that the JM has a crustal source intimately related with the South Qiangtang Block(SQB), except for one(+10.2), showing a minor contribution from mantle source.Moreover, relatively low NaO/KO ratios(0.42-0.93) and high A/CNK values(0.91-1.50) reflect that the JM was predominately derived from the medium-high potassium basaltic crust, interacted with greywacke. Our new geochemical data and geochronological results imply that the Late Triassic magmas were generated in a post-collisional tectonic setting, probably caused by slab break-off of the Longmu Co-Shuanghu Tethyan Ocean(LSTO). This mechanism caused the asthenosphere upwelling, formed extension setting, offered an enormous amount of heat, and provided favorable conditions for emplacement of voluminous felsic magmas. Furthermore, the LSTO could be completely closed during the Middle Triassic, succeed by continental collision and later the slab broke off in the Late Triassic.

Zircon SHRIMP U-Pb Ages,Geochemical,and Sr-Nd Isotopic Constraints on the Petrogenesis of the Middle Eocene Calc-Alkaline Andesitic Rocks:Implications for Continental Arc Magmatism and Slab Break-off in NE Iran

The Torbat-e-Heydariyeh andesitic rocks(THA)are part of the Cenozoic continental arc magmatic system of the northern branch of the Neotethys Ocean(NE Iran).Columnar jointing is the most significant feature of these rocks and they also show porphyritic,vitrophyric,and vitroglomeroporphyric textures.Plagioclase,clinopyroxene,±orthopyroxene are the major mineral phases.The SHRIMP U-Pb zircon dating yielded an age of 41.00±0.69 Ma for the rocks(Middle Eocene,Bartonian).Geochemically,they are of medium-to high-K calc-alkaline affinity.Primitive mantle-normalized diagrams exhibit enrichment in large ion lithophile elements(LILE),such as Cs and Rb,and also depleted in high field strength elements(HFSE)and heavy rare earth elements(HREE),with prominent negative anomalies of Ti,Nb,Y,and Yb,suggesting a tectonic setting of an active continental margin.The chondrite-normalized REE diagram displays enrichment of light rare earth elements(LREE;La_(N)/Yb_(N)=5.37-6.66)and small negative Eu anomalies(Eu/Eu^(*)of 0.69-0.78).Thorium enrichment implies the reaction between the mantle wedge and the melt of subducting oceanic slab,and/or subducting sediment.The role of subducted sediments along with subducted oceanic lithosphere is evident in these magmatic rocks using Ba/La versus Th/Nd and Ba/Th versus La_(N)/Sm_(N)diagrams.Theε_(Nd)(t)and(^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr)_(i)values vary between-0.1 to+0.2 and 0.70489 to 0.70501,respectively,and are compatible with parental melts from subduction of the lithospheric mantle.We suggest that the THA rocks were produced by the partial melting of the metasomatized lithospheric mantle,which corresponds to slab break-off of the northward subducted Neotethys oceanic slab in an extensional setting.The hot asthenospheric mantle upwelling triggered by the Neotethys slab break-off would severely heat the physically mixed mantle wedge peridotite and therefore caused partial melting to produce the Middle Eocene volcanic rocks in NE Iran.

Moment Redistribution Effect of the Continuous Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer-Concrete Composite Slabs Based on Static Loading Experiment

This study aimed to investigate the moment redistribution in continuous glass fiber reinforced polymer(GFRP)-concrete composite slabs caused by concrete cracking and steel bar yielding in the negative bending moment zone.An experimental bending moment redistribution test was conducted on continuous GFRP-concrete composite slabs,and a calculation method based on the conjugate beam method was proposed.The composite slabs were formed by combining GFRP profiles with a concrete layer and supported on steel beams to create two-span continuous composite slab specimens.Two methods,epoxy resin bonding,and stud connection,were used to connect the composite slabs with the steel beams.The experimental findings showed that the specimen connected with epoxy resin exhibited two moments redistribution phenomena during the loading process:concrete cracking and steel bar yielding at the internal support.In contrast,the composite slab connected with steel beams by studs exhibited only one-moment redistribution phenomenon throughout the loading process.As the concrete at the internal support cracked,the bending moment decreased in the internal support section and increased in the midspan section.When the steel bars yielded,the bending moment further decreased in the internal support section and increased in the mid-span section.Since GFRP profiles do not experience cracking,there was no significant decrease in the bending moment of the mid-span section.All test specimens experienced compressive failure of concrete at the mid-span section.Calculation results showed good agreement between the calculated and experimental values of bending moments in the mid-span section and internal support section.The proposed model can effectively predict the moment redistribution behavior of continuous GFRP-concrete composite slabs.

Geochronology and Geochemistry of Late Devonian I- and A-Type Granites from the Xing’an Block,NE China:Implications for Slab Break-off during Subduction of the Hegenshan-Heihe Ocean

We present detailed geochronological,geochemical,and zircon Hf isotopic data for Late Paleozoic granitic rocks from Handagai and Zhonghe plutons in the Xing’an Block,NE China,aiming to provide constraints on their origin and tectonic implications.New zircon U-Pb ages indicate they were formed in the Late Devonian(ca.379 Ma) immediately after a striking 50 Ma magmatic lull(ca.430-380 Ma) in the Xing ’ an Block.Petrological and geochemical features suggest that the Handagai monzogranites and Zhonghe alkali-feldspar granites are I- and A-type granites,respectively,although both of them have high-K calc-alkaline features and positive zircon ε_(Hf)(t) values(+3.47 to +10.77).We infer that the Handagai monzogranites were produced by partial melting of juvenile basaltic crustal materials under a pressure of <8-10 kbar,whereas the Zhonghe alkali-feldspar granites were generated by partial melting of juvenile felsic crustal materials at shallower depths(P ≤ 4 kbar).Our results,together with published regional data,indicate their generation involves a subduction-related extensional setting.Slab break-off of the Hegenshan-Heihe oceanic plate may account for the subduction-related extensional setting,as well as the transformation of arc magmatism from the Early-Middle Devonian lull to the Late Devonian-Early Carboniferous flare-up in the Xing’an Block.

基于SLAB和AFTOX模型的LNG加气站大气环境风险评估

通过设定LNG加气站环境风险事故情景,分别采用SLAB和AFTOX模型模拟预测LNG加气站泄漏和火灾伴生/次生污染物CO的大气环境风险影响程度。结果表明:在风险事故情景下,下风向5 km范围内不同距离的甲烷和CO最大浓度未超过大气毒性终点浓度,甲烷最大浓度出现在下风向10m处,浓度值为32637.575 mg/m^(3);CO最大浓度出现在下风向5 km处,浓度值为1.746E-4 mg/m^(3)。考虑低温液态LNG的危险性和事故触发具有不确定性,LNG加气站在运营过程中仍需重点做好风险防范措施,编制企业突发环境事件应急预案,建立企业/区域环境风险防控体系,有效防控环境风险。

Mode coupling with Fabry-Perot modes in photonic crystal slabs

Fabry–Perot(FP)modes are a class of fundamental resonances in photonic crystal(PhC)slabs.Owing to their low quality factors,FP modes are frequently considered as background fields with their resonance nature being neglected.Nevertheless,FP modes can play important roles in some phenomena,as exemplified by their coupling with guided resonance(GR)modes to achieve bound states in the continuum(BIC).Here,we further demonstrate the genuine resonance mode capability of FP modes PhC slabs.Firstly,we utilize temporal coupled-mode theory to obtain the transmittance of a PhC slab based on the FP modes.Secondly,we construct exceptional points(EPs)in both momentum and parameter spaces through the coupling of FP and GR modes.Furthermore,we identify a Fermi arc connecting two EPs and discuss the far-field polarization topology.This work elucidates that the widespread FPs in PhC slabs can serve as genuine resonant modes,facilitating the realization of desired functionalities through mode coupling.

Experimental and numerical analysis on interface damage ofslab track under freeze-thaw cycles

The interface of slab track laid in cold regions is prone to debonding under the coupling of freeze-thaw cyclesand temperature loads.Based on the composite specimen tests,the parameters of cohesive zone model were obtained andused in a simulation model of CRTS III prefabricated slab track to study the interlayer damage.The results show that 1)the digital image correlation(DIC)technique can accurately capture the strain field changes on the interface of compositespecimens under splitting and shear loading;2)when the temperature gradient is−40℃/m−60℃/m,the interfacedamage of the slab track is minimal and presents different patterns of expansion under positive and negative temperaturegradients,each corresponding to damage of the cohesive element dominated by shear stress and normal tensile stress,respectively;3)the reduction of the elastic modulus at the concrete base after freeze-thaw inhibits interface damage andleads to a higher starting temperature gradient load,but cracking can occur on the concrete base after 150 freeze-thaws.For this reason,in the light of damage control of both the interface and concrete base,the elastic modulus of the concretebase is 54%or over that without freeze-thaw cycles.

Numerical analysis of high‑speed railway slab tracks using calibrated and validated 3D time‑domain modelling

Concrete slabs are widely used in modern railways to increase the inherent resilient quality of the tracks,provide safe and smooth rides,and reduce the maintenance frequency.In this paper,the elastic performance of a novel slab trackform for high-speed railways is investigated using three-dimensional finite element modelling in Abaqus.It is then compared to the performance of a ballasted track.First,slab and ballasted track models are developed to replicate the full-scale testing of track sections.Once the models are calibrated with the experimental results,the novel slab model is developed and compared against the calibrated slab track results.The slab and ballasted track models are then extended to create linear dynamic models,considering the track geodynamics,and simulating train passages at various speeds,for which the Ledsgard documented case was used to validate the models.Trains travelling at low and high speeds are analysed to investigate the track deflections and the wave propagation in the soil,considering the issues associated with critical speeds.Various train loading methods are discussed,and the most practical approach is retained and described.Moreover,correlations are made between the geotechnical parameters of modern high-speed rail and conventional standards.It is found that considering the same ground condition,the slab track deflections are considerably smaller than those of the ballasted track at high speeds,while they show similar behaviour at low speeds.

Effect of temperature gradientinduced periodic deformation of CRTS Ⅲ slab track on dynamic responses of the train-track system

Purpose-Temperature is an important load for a ballastless track.However,little research has been conducted on the dynamic responses when a train travels on a ballastless track under the temperature gradient.The dynamic responses under different temperature gradients of the slab are theoretically investigated in this work.Design/methodology/approach-Considering the moving train,the temperature gradient of the slab,and the gravity of the slab track,a dynamic model for a high-speed train that runs along the CRTS Ⅲ slab track on subgrade is developed by a nonlinear coupled way in Abaqus.Findings-The results are as follows:(1)The upward transmission of the periodic deformation of the slab causes periodic track irregularity.(2)Because of the geometric constraint of limiting structures,the maximum bending stresses of the slab occur near the end of the slab under positive temperature gradients,but in the middle of the slab under negative temperature gradients.(3)The periodic deformation of the slab can induce periodic changes in the interlayer stiffness and contact status,leading to a large vibration of the slab.Because of the vibration-reduction capacity of the fastener and the larger mass of the concrete base,the accelerations of both the slab and concrete base are far less than the acceleration of the rail.Originality/value-This study reveals the influence mechanism of temperature gradient-induced periodic deformation in the dynamic responses of the train-track system,and it also provides a guide for the safe service of CRTS Ⅲ slab track.

Laminated Solid Timber Slab with Transverse Prestressing Using the Strategy of Interleaved Vertical Displacement of Lamellae

This article presents a study on the structural behavior of transversely prestressed laminated timber slabs,focusing on an innovative approach:vertically misaligned lamellae.This misalignment,achieved by sliding vertically the wooden lamellae rather than aligning them,enhances the slab’s cross-section moment of inertia,thereby improving load-bearing capacity and stiffness.Testing involved two groups of structural size specimens:one with vertically aligned lamellae(control group)and the other with misaligned lamellae(study group).Results showed the study group exhibited 42%superior stiffness and 10%less load capacity compared to the control.Failures typically occurred individually in the lamellae,particularly in those with defects or lower modulus of elasticity,concentrated in the middle third of the slabs’free span where tensile stresses peak.Despite a higher number of failed lamellae,the study group demonstrated promising performance.Analysis of prestressing bar indicated no damage at all in the thread,suggesting potential for reducing bar diameter.These findings offer crucial insights into applying these slabs in timber construction as well as to any kind of construction.

Exploring the Synergy: Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of Steel and Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) Reinforced Slab Incorporating Alccofine and M-Sand

Introduction: This study investigates the Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of Steel and Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) Reinforced Slab Incorporating Alccofine and M-sand. Objective: Specific objectives include evaluating the mechanical properties and structural behaviour of steel and GFRP-reinforced one-way slabs and comparing experimental and theoretical predictions. Methods: Four different mix proportions were arrived at, comprising both conventional concrete and Alccofine-based concrete. In each formulation, a combination of normal river sand and M-sand was utilized. Results: Concrete with Alccofine exhibits superior mechanical properties, while M-sand incorporation minimally affects strength but reduces reliance on natural sand. GFRP-reinforced slabs display distinct brittle behaviour with significant deflections post-cracking, contrasting steel-reinforced slabs’ gradual, ductile failure. Discrepancies between experimental data and design recommendations underscore the need for guideline refinement. Conclusion: Alccofine and M-sand enhance concrete properties, but reinforcement type significantly influences slab behaviour. GFRP-reinforced slabs, though exhibiting lower values than steel, offer advantages in harsh environments, warranting further optimization.

板柱节点考虑弯剪相关性的受冲切承载力计算方法

对于同时受到竖向荷载和不平衡弯矩作用的板柱节点,目前已有方法大多将不平衡弯矩等效为竖向荷载,从而给出其受冲切承载力计算方法。但该方法所涉及的不平衡弯矩比例系数的计算还存在较大争议,且没有考虑竖向荷载与不平衡弯矩耦合的影响。因此,本文首先通过推导给出仅有竖向荷载作用的板柱节点受冲切承载力计算公式和仅有不平衡弯矩作用的板柱节点受弯承载力计算公式,并与试验结果进行对比,验证了所提公式的合理性。然后基于板柱节点在竖向荷载和不平衡弯矩共同作用下的试验结果,拟合得到板柱节点考虑弯剪相关性的受冲切承载力计算公式。最后对所提计算方法与不同规范计算方法进行对比,结果表明本文计算方法能够更加准确地预测板柱节点受冲切承载力。

城市重气扩散模型SLAB_URBAN外场试验模拟验证

研究适用于模拟城市中危险化学品扩散的重气扩散模型SLAB_URBAN。模型中考虑了城市冠层内风的特征,即引入基于城市形态学的风速廓线计算方法。分别采用SLAB_URBAN模型和SLAB模型对2000年盐湖城的重气扩散试验进行模拟,主要验证下风方向不同观测距离的气体最大小时平均浓度与源释放速率的比值。结果表明,SLAB_URBAN模型的模拟结果比SLAB模型更接近观测值。从应急反应和安全角度上来说,SLAB_URBAN模型也符合实际工作的需求。

SLAB在突发大气污染事件应急模拟中的应用

建设关于突发事件污染气体调查的应急模拟系统,为组织各种突发灾害事件的防御、制定应急方案提供依据。应用SLAB毒气扩散模式,采取模拟试验的方法,应用大气污染监测仪器得到污染源数据,输入气象条件资料,对突发事件危险气体的泄漏扩散浓度分布进行模拟分析,确定在危险气体泄漏等突发情况下,污染气体扩散的时间、范围等和对周围环境的危害。给出在试验场地氯气泄露和气象条件的数据,分别模拟了氯气泄露情况下0.5h、1h、2h的污染气体扩散浓度分布。最大地面浓度值是8.56×10-6。30分钟后到达下风向7km,1小时后到达下风向13km,2小时后到达下风向33km。建议人员向西北方向撤离。结果表明,SLAB能够及时、准确、直观的模拟突发事件大气污染物扩散浓度分布。

大功率Slab CO_2激光器光束质量的测量

为了充分了解SlabCO2激光器的光束质量,采用LASERSCOPEUFF100光束光斑质量检测仪对SlabCO2激光器的光束质量进行了全面的测量研究.从激光束通过飞行光学导光系统(flyingoptits)前后的光束质量测量、聚焦后光斑的质量测量以及焦点漂移4个方面全面考察了SlabCO2激光器的光束质量.测量结果表明:SlabCO2激光器的光束质量因子M2约为1.1,光束横截面的强度分布接近基模高斯分布;激光束经过长距离的导光系统传输后仍能保持光束横截面的强度分布,采用焦距为190.5mm的聚焦镜,聚焦光斑的半径约83μm;在工作范围内(x:0-3m)的焦点漂移量约为1mm.

SLAB模型在某工厂液氨泄漏应急响应中的应用

以某工厂储存的液氨泄漏事故为研究对象,将SLAB模型运用到环境应急救援体系中。采用SLAB模型模拟了在冬季、低风速等较不利气象条件下液氨泄漏的IDLH(立即威胁生命和健康)浓度、短时间(15 min)容许接触浓度、居住区大气中有害物质的最高容许浓度的扩散范围。该模型的预测结果比较清晰地反映了环境事故发生后氨气可能扩散的危险区域:在泄漏时间为10 min时,泄漏源下风向0~435.8 m内地面浓度超过IDLH浓度;下风向435.8~797.1 m内地面浓度超过工作场所的短时间最高容许接触浓度;下风向797.1~1 031.6 m内地面浓度超过居住区大气中有害物质的最高容许浓度。根据以上预测结果,救援指挥者可以快速了解事故后果,及时做出正确的救援方案。

Deflection and stress of hollow CRCP slab under concentrated vehicle load

Based on the equivalence principle of deflection and stress, the concentrated vehicle load which acts on the center of continuously reinforced concrete pavement （CRCP） is translated into the equivalent half-wave sine load by the Fourier transform. On the basis of this transform and the small deflection theory of elastic thin plates, the deflection and stress formulae of CRCP under the concentrated vehicle load with a hollow foundation are put forward. The sensitivity of parameters is analyzed. The results show that maximum deflection is directly proportional to the concentrated vehicle load and the slab width, and inversely proportional to the lateral bending stiffness and slab thickness. The effects of slab width and thickness are significant with regard to maximum deflection. Maximum stress is directly proportional to the concentrated vehicle load and the slab width as well as inversely proportional to slab thickness. The effect of slab thickness is significant with regard to maximum stress. According to the calculation results, the most effective measure to reduce maximum deflection and stress is to increase slab thickness.

Solidification of horizontally continuous casting of super-thin slab in stable magnetic field and alternating current

The solidified structures of horizontally continuous casting（HCC） of super-thin slab and its relations with the current were studied under the electromagnetic vibration（EMV）.The results show that,under the action of the periodical forces from EMV,the solidified structures of the super-thin slab of pure tin is greatly refined,and the extent of grain refinement is increased with the magnitude of alternating current.For the Sn-10%Pb alloy,it is shown that the EMV promotes the growth of equiaxed grains in the center of super-thin slab,and the grains are refined with the alternating current increasing.This is useful to prevent some solidification defects in the horizontally continuous casting of super-thin slab,such as columnar grains butting,porosity,inclusions and gases gathering,and composition segregation in the centre of slab.

Mechanics analysis of vehicle bumping at approach slabs with superelevation

In order to analyze the pavement stress caused by vehicle bumping at an approach slab, a simplified four-wheeled bi- axle vehicle-moving model is proposed. The effect of damping and vibration reduction in the process of vehicle-moving is not considered. Based on the position change of vehicle wheels at the approach slab, the vehicle dynamic vibration equations are summarized. Meanwhile, the undetermined coefficients of the vibration equations are obtained using the boundary and initial conditions of the vehicle. The analytical motion solutions of rear and front wheels at different stages are concluded. Consequently, a four-wheeled vehicle model is developed and vibration equations are provided, which can be used to analyze the impact of complicated stress on pavement. The results show that the excessive stress and stress concentration will occur at the approach slab, and it needs to be strengthened.

Slab内存分配策略与移植

slab内存管理算法具有分配和释放内存速度迅速、内外部碎片非常小等优点。介绍了Linux下该算法实现时采用的主要数据结构及相互间的组织关系,阐明了其管理内存的实现机制。讨论了该算法的可移植性问题,其中主要讲述了一个简便并且高效的分页系统的设计,以及信号量移植的相关问题。