Fat management in upper blepharoplasty:Addition or subtraction blepharoplasties,how and when

BACKGROUND As one of the most common aesthetic surgical procedures carried out today,blepharoplasty should be in the repertoire of every plastic surgeon.The term blepharoplasty encompasses a wide range of techniques and options that must be tailored to the specific defect and patient one has to treat.A sound knowledge of the upper and lower eyelids’anatomy is essential for proper surgical execution.Trends have shifted towards more conservative methods(especially of the fat compartment)and sometimes in combination with augmentation techniques,helping to reach a rejuvenated appearance.AIM To present an overview of the surgical techniques considered for upper lid blepharoplasty and fat pad management,in addition to information on how a surgeon may approach the best treatment for his patient based on current publications in literature.METHODS We searched the literature published between 2013,to 2023 using Medline and Reference Citation Analysis.The database was searched using the keywords“upper blepharoplasty”AND“fat”.Papers without full text/abstracts and reviews were excluded.The search strategy followed the PRISMA.The American Society of Plastic Surgeons guidelines for Therapeutic Studies checklist was used to assess all articles.Two authors individually reviewed each article and rated them for importance and relevance to the topic.A consensus was sought and the most relevant studies.RESULTS After the application of the selection criteria used in our review,13 publications were found to address upper lid blepharoplasty specifically.Three of these studies were reviews and three were retrospective studies.Five publications were comparative studies and a further two were clinical trials.CONCLUSION The tendency of modern surgery is to be conservative,by removing adipose tissue only if strictly necessary and restoring the volume of the upper eyelid in a concept of beauty that espouses a"full"sight.There is no gold standard technique to achieve younger and enhanced eyelids.Long-term prospective comparative studies are fundamental in understanding which path is the best to follow.

Perception of dental appearance and aesthetic analysis among patients,laypersons and dentists

BACKGROUND Current concepts of beauty are increasingly subjective,influenced by the viewpoints of others.The aim of the study was to evaluate divergences in the perception of dental appearance and smile esthetics among patients,laypersons and dental practitioners.The study goals were to evaluate the influence of age,sex,education and dental specialty on the participants’judgment and to identify the values of different esthetic criteria.Patients sample included 50 patients who responded to a dental appearance questionnaire(DAQ).Two frontal photographs were taken,one during a smile and one with retracted lips.Laypersons and dentists were asked to evaluate both photographs using a Linear Scale from(0-10),where 0 represent(absolutely unaesthetic)and 10 represent(absolutely aesthetic).One-way analysis of variance(ANOVA)and t-test analysis were measured for each group.Most patients in the sample expressed satisfaction with most aspects of their smiles and dental appearance.Among laypersons(including 488 participants),47 pictures“with lips”out of 50 had higher mean aesthetic scores compared to pictures“without lips”.Among the dentist sample,90 dentists’perception towards the esthetic smile and dental appearance for photos“with lips”and“without lips”were the same for 23 out of 50 patients.Perception of smile aesthetics differed between patients,laypersons and dentists.Several factors can contribute to shape the perception of smile aesthetic.AIM To compare the perception of dental aesthetic among patients,laypersons,and professional dentists,to evaluate the impact of age,sex,educational background,and income on the judgments made by laypersons,to assess the variations in experience,specialty,age,and sex on professional dentists’judgment,and to evaluate the role of lips,skin shade and tooth shade in different participants’judgments.METHODS Patients sample included 50 patients who responded to DAQ.Two frontal photographs were taken:one during a smile and one with retracted lips.Laypersons and dentists were asked to evaluate both photographs using a Linear Scale from(0-10),where 0 represent(absolutely unaesthetic)and 10 represent(absolutely aesthetic).One-way ANOVA and t-test analysis were measured for each group.RESULTS Most patients in the sample expressed satisfaction with most aspects of their smiles and dental appearance.Among laypersons(including 488 participants),47 pictures“with lips”out of 50 had higher mean aesthetic scores compared to pictures“without lips”.Whereas among the dentist sample,90 dentists’perception towards the esthetic smile and dental appearance for photos“with lips”and“without lips”were the same for 23 out of 50 patients.Perception of smile aesthetics differed between patients,laypersons and dentists.CONCLUSION Several factors can contribute to shape the perception of smile aesthetic.

Cross-Modal Consistency with Aesthetic Similarity for Multimodal False Information Detection

With the explosive growth of false information on social media platforms, the automatic detection of multimodalfalse information has received increasing attention. Recent research has significantly contributed to multimodalinformation exchange and fusion, with many methods attempting to integrate unimodal features to generatemultimodal news representations. However, they still need to fully explore the hierarchical and complex semanticcorrelations between different modal contents, severely limiting their performance detecting multimodal falseinformation. This work proposes a two-stage detection framework for multimodal false information detection,called ASMFD, which is based on image aesthetic similarity to segment and explores the consistency andinconsistency features of images and texts. Specifically, we first use the Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training(CLIP) model to learn the relationship between text and images through label awareness and train an imageaesthetic attribute scorer using an aesthetic attribute dataset. Then, we calculate the aesthetic similarity betweenthe image and related images and use this similarity as a threshold to divide the multimodal correlation matrixinto consistency and inconsistencymatrices. Finally, the fusionmodule is designed to identify essential features fordetectingmultimodal false information. In extensive experiments on four datasets, the performance of the ASMFDis superior to state-of-the-art baseline methods.

Insights into upper blepharoplasty: Conservative volume-preserving techniques

This editorial commentary critically examines the systematic review by Miotti et al,which discusses the evolving trends in upper lid blepharoplasty towards a conservative,volume-preserving approach.The review emphasizes the shift from traditional tissue resection to techniques that maintain anatomical integrity,paralleling broader trends in panfacial rejuvenation.Miotti et al delve into the nuances of fat pad management,advocating for conservation over reduction to sustain natural contours and improve long-term aesthetic outcomes.This perspective is supported by comparative studies and empirical data,such as those from Massry and Alghoul et al,highlighting the benefits of conservative approaches in terms of patient satisfaction and aesthetic longevity.The review also stresses the importance of surgeon discretion in adapting procedures to diverse patient demographics,particularly in addressing distinct features such as the Asian upper eyelid.However,it identifies a significant gap in long-term comparative research,underscoring the need for future studies to substantiate the safety and efficacy of these minimalist techniques.Overall,Miotti et al.'s work contributes profoundly to the discourse on personalized,conservative cosmetic surgery,urging ongoing research to refine and validate surgical best practices in upper eyelid blepharoplasty.

Radio Sound and Auditory Nostalgia in Toni Morrison’s Love

Radio sound is a key signal sound in Toni Morrison’s 2003 novel Love.The intertwining of memories and radio music constitutes an intriguing window on how radio sound serves as a vehicle for exploring the cultural and historical implications of African American women’s listening experiences with home radio,as is presented by Toni Morrison in her first new millennium novel Love.Far from a simple sonic link with the larger external world,radio sound in is a primary means for individual nostalgia,collective memory,and expression of auditory aesthetics.It is a mechanical sound which conveys a particular“black restorative nostalgia.”

When the Combination of a Chinese Flap and Dufourmentel Makes It Possible to Treat a Hopeless Case of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Upper Lip

Cancers of the lip are the leading cause of labial defects, and treatment is essentially surgical. The success of a repair is assessed by two essential criteria: The functional character of the lip (restoration of continence allowing feeding) and the aesthetic quality of the repair. However, for many patients from countries whose medical infrastructure does not allow them to undertake complex reconstructions locally, medical transfers represent their only chance of treatment. The aim of this article is to share with you an extreme clinical case of labial reconstruction, the management of which was a real challenge, using two major flaps: the free ante-brachial flap and the DUFOURMENTEL-type bi-pediculated scalp flap.

Translation of Culture-loaded Words in The Golden Cangue under the Perspective of Reception Aesthetics

Good translations play a very important role in cultural exchange.The idea of reception aesthetics think the reader as the center in translation process.This paper will study the translation of culture-loaded words from the perspective of reception aesthetics.It is divided into five parts.The first part mainly introduces the background and theoretical foundation of this paper,the second part introduces the writer’s works,the third part gives examples to analyze the culture-loaded words appearing in The Golden Cangue,the fourth part gives examples of the translation methods,and the fifth part is the conclusion.It aims to provide a reference for the English translation of culture-loaded words.

The Implantation Application of Traditional Chinese Calligraphy in Book Cover Design under Contemporary Aesthetic Trend

In the information age, the public’s aesthetic consciousness of art has changed dramatically, showing a new trend of pursuing abstraction and personalisation of art works. In this context, Chinese traditional calligraphy, which carries deep oriental cultural heritage and artistic taste, and is highly flexible and adaptable in terms of artistic form, has great application value in the field of book cover design. This paper first analyzes the trend characteristics of the development and transformation of public artistic aesthetic consciousness from the industrial era to the information age, and then explores the artistic form characteristics of traditional Chinese calligraphy, and proposes that traditional calligraphy has great application value in book cover design. Finally, several innovative and clever cases of incorporating traditional calligraphy into book cover design were highlighted, providing inspiration for design ideas and methods.

Intention and Standing Image:Interpretation of the Aesthetic Intention of Arhat Portrait on Mount Wutai

Mount Wutai,a place endowed with fine spirits of humanities and prolific remains of Arhats portrait art.The existing Mount Wutai Arhats portrait spans the Ming,Qing,and Republic of China periods,and through the artistic creation of successive generations of literati painters,exquisite Arhats portraits are painted on different artistic carriers.On the basis of inheriting the traditional Chinese paradigm painting expression,the portrait of Mount Wutai Arhats constantly draws on folk nutrients.It integrates foreign Buddhist culture for refinement and sublimation.The reconstructed portrait pays attention to the image expression of its objects and the shaping of spiritual temperament.The shape is ancient and vivid,and the scene is ethereal and mysterious,which rationally expresses the Buddhist philosophy of generosity,benevolence and kindness,and contains unique oriental aesthetics.

The Aesthetic Characteristics of Emotional Abuse in The Japanese Movie“0.5mm”

The Japanese movie“0.5mm”connects the life clips between the nursing-care helper Sawa and several old people in the form of a road movie,highlighting many thought-provoking social problems,and revealing how the elements of emotional abuse hidden between the old people and their relatives and friends affect people’s dignity and decency,and at the same time trying to offset the persecution from the emotional abuse with the warm kindness between the elderly and the care workers.The film’s implicit description of emotional abuse and explicit display of good deeds are blended in the quiet and mysterious narrative character,achieving the effect of synchronizing the artistic narrative rhythm with the flow of life,reflecting the unique aesthetic characteristics of Japanese films.

Using Mustardé Flap for Reconstruction of a Traumatic Facial Injury: Case Report

Flaps become the first option when primary closure is not possible, using them to reduce the tension in the closure, as well as improving the texture and color, which ends in having a better aesthetic outcome. The Mustardé flap is a flap used for the cheek and lower eye lid defects. We present a 26-year-old male with an avulsive wound in the right maxillary region, with no bone injuries, taken to the operative room performing a Mustardé Flap for reconstruction of the defect area. Patient completed a 7-day antibiotic regimen, using non-steroid anti-inflammatories for pain, wound cleaning and flap hydration with mineral oil, subsequently having an adequate clinical and aesthetic evolution. Conclusion: The Mustardé flap can be a useful pedicled flap for the reconstruction of full-thickness defects.

The Aesthetic Connotation of Ancient Calligraphy

From the origin of writing to the formation of the writing system,the names and aesthetics of calligraphy have been evolving with time.Calligraphy has different mainstream writing styles across different eras and has been assigned different names,which also maps the aesthetic orientation of the times.Not only is calligraphy the evolution of the designation of successive generations but also in the continuous pursuit of“name”and“reality”of the unity of the ancient connotation of calligraphy and the era of aesthetic integration.This paper discusses the flavorful meaning behind the concept of ancient calligraphy,as well as its various forms of expression.

Mastering Metaphors: A Possible Path to Understand Modern Poetry

Understanding modern poetry is a big problem for average readers because of all kinds of rhetorical devices filled with them,especially metaphors,which are hard for the readers to understand clearly.Thus,grasping metaphors would provide a possible solution to enhance the understanding of modern poetry.Based on the motivation to better understand modern poetry,the paper explores the 11 mechanisms of metaphors in modern poetry with examples in detail,i.e.,blending,mapping,frame shifting,image schema,conceptual integration,contextual grounding,inter-subjectivity,embodied cognition,recursiveness,juxtaposition,shape-moulding,by borrowing some concepts from Cognitive Linguistics,literary studies,and Rhetorics,which can be adopted as means and methods to understand modern poems.

A New Approach Based on“Sign-Phenomenology”and its Contributions to Western Aesthetic Study

In the traditional study of western aesthetics.dualism plays an important role.On the one hand,when we take a critical attitude to the study,we can see that it distinguishes“the beauty itself”from the beautiful thing,placing the idea(eidos)of beauty and the experiential thing which will be judged beautiful or not into two worlds(Plato).Its advantage is that it helps the latecomers to explore the nature of beauty thoroughly(Aristotle).lets the scholars understand beauty deeply.Its disadvantage,however,is very obvious;it puts the profound activity of sensing beauty into a dull and dry cognitive process,obscuring the richness and vividness of beauty.Especially,when some scholars who are influenced by cognition strongly take sensing beauty as judgment of beauty(Kant),they put aside the real situation of beauty.On the other hand,we need to explore the new approach to aesthetic study;a new theory based on Peirce and Husserl,which we call“sign-phenomenology”,can fulfill the task.It offers five principles and overcomes the disadvantages of the tradition,giving new insight and creation.Under its first principle“To the things themselves(zu den Sachen selbst)”,sensing beauty is taken as a generative activity,which deploys the skill of sensuous organs,reasoning,emotion,etc.Especially,the meaning of beauty is not added to or judged passively;instead,it emerges or originates actively.One of the most important contributions of the theory comes from the triadic relationship applied to substitute the old dualistic one.Generally speaking,the theory of“sign-phenomenology”,as a new approach,ought to broaden our horizons of western aesthetics study.

Research on Dynamic Graphic Features in Digital Media Interfaces

In digital media interfaces,dynamic graphics integrate elements of animation design,graphic design,and cinematic language,presenting in various forms and demonstrating significant inclusivity.From the perspective of visual cognition,by capturing dynamic graphics within the interface,three-dimensional information such as time and space is acquired,and the cognition process exhibits characteristics of spatial and temporal correlation.In terms of information cognition,dynamic representation fragments information,resulting in a sense of discontinuity and intermittent memory.The efficiency of information cognition and transmission is enhanced through the coordination of audio,video,and other elements.In aesthetic perception,with the rise of Internet culture,people’s aesthetic perceptions towards dynamic graphic design have evolved,showcasing a generalization of form and the instantaneous nature of content.Technically,the complexity of design and the diversity of applications have established dynamic graphics as a typical design style label in digital media interfaces.

Assistive Devices and Clothing: Exploring Adaptive Clothing Needs for Women with Lower Limb Prostheses Using the FEA Model

This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the essential considerations in designing adaptive clothing for women with lower limb prostheses in Saudi Arabia. Employing a qualitative methodology, the research entailed semi-structured, in-depth interviews with women utilizing lower limb prostheses and prosthetic specialists. This approach was selected to unearth pivotal design prerequisites and comprehend the specific challenges these women encounter within the realm of clothing. The utilization of selective sampling facilitated the collection of intricate and valuable insights. A Functional, Expressive, and Aesthetic (FEA) User Needs model was utilized to scrutinize participant feedback. Functional requisites encompass ease of dressing and undressing, accessibility to the prosthetic limb, comfort, mobility with the prosthesis, and appropriate fit. Additionally, participants highlighted various expressive needs, including privacy preservation, modesty, camouflaging disability appearances, maintaining alignment with non-disabled women’s fashion, and considerations about the aesthetic aspects of garments.

Integration of Red Aesthetic Education into Kindergarten and its Practical Paths

Red culture has important educational value.The integration of red aesthetics into the kindergarten provides strong support for children to establish correct values and historical views in the multi-cultural environment,and cultivate their creativity and aesthetic consciousness.Red aesthetic education activities should pay attention to the real embodiment of children’s subjectivity and the deep integration of application and practice.Practical paths of red aesthetic education in kindergarten include art activities,multi-field penetration,traditional festivals,and red aesthetic education environment infiltration.

Research on the Construction and Development of Aesthetic Education Bases in Higher Education Institutions

In order to implement the national aesthetic education policy,it is essential to organically integrate relevant aesthetic education resources,promote interdisciplinary education,and carry out extracurricular practical activities centered on aesthetic education.Strengthening the foundation of aesthetic education theory,addressing practical challenges in the teaching process,and closely linking research with teaching will create a feedback loop that benefits drama education.This article provides an in-depth analysis of the construction strategies,resource advantages and disadvantages,and development of aesthetic education bases,offering countermeasures and suggestions for their construction in universities.It aims to provide a solid research foundation for the growth and development of aesthetic education bases in higher education institutions.

Research on the Innovative Path of Integrating Qilu Costume Culture into Aesthetic Education in Elementary Schools

Inheriting and promoting the excellent traditional Chinese culture should begin with the youth,as elementary school aesthetic education plays a crucial role in this process of cultural dissemination.At present,elementary school aesthetic education mainly focuses on traditional fields such as art,music,dance,calligraphy,etc.,and there is still much room for innovation in communication carriers and paths.Based on this status quo,combining professional and regional advantages,this article proposes to take Qilu characteristic costume culture as a carrier to integrate the innovation of excellent traditional Chinese culture into elementary school aesthetic education.It aims to cultivate humanistic literacy and a sense of belonging in school-age children and establish cultural confidence.

Modern blepharoplasty:From bench to bedside

The demand for procedures aiming to rejuvenate the upper third part of the face and the periocular region has increased in the past several years.Blepharoplasty is one of the most frequently performed procedures worldwide to date.Surgery is currently the first choice in order to achieve permanent and effective results;however,it is burdened by potential surgical complications feared by patients.There is an increasing trend in individuals to request less invasive,non-surgical,effective,and safe procedures for eyelid treatment.The aim of this minireview is to present a brief overview of non-surgical blepharoplasty techniques that have been reported in the literature in the past 10 years.Numerous modern techniques that provide a rejuvenation of the entire area have been described.Numerous less invasive methods have been proposed in the current literature and in modern-day routine clinical settings.Dermal fillers are a commonly chosen option for providing enhanced aesthetic results,especially considering that volume loss can be one of the main underlying causes of facial and periorbital aging.Deoxycholic acid use may be considered when the problem is represented by periorbital excess fat deposits.The simultaneous excess and loss of elasticity of the skin can be assessed with techniques such as lasers and plasma exeresis.Furthermore,techniques such as platelet-rich plasma injections and the insertion of twisted polydioxanone threads are emerging as viable methods to rejuvenate the periorbital region.