Atmospheric air dielectric barrier discharge excited by nanosecond pulse and AC used for improving the hydrophilicity of aramid fibers

In this paper, a long line-shape dielectric barrier discharge excited by a nanosecond pulse and AC is generated in atmospheric air for the purpose of discussing the uniformity, stability and ability of aramid fiber treatment. The discharge images, waveforms of current and voltage,optical emission spectra, and gas temperatures of both discharges are compared. It is found that nanosecond pulsed discharge has a more uniform discharge morphology, higher energy efficiency and lower gas temperature, which indicates that nanosecond pulsed discharge is more suitable for surface modification. To reduce the water contact angle from 96° to about 60°, the energy cost is only about 1/7 compared with AC discharge. Scanning electron microscopy,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy are employed to understand the mechanisms of hydrophilicity improvement.

Statistical Constitutive Equation of Aramid Fiber Bundles

Tensile impact tests of aramid (Twaron) fiber bundles were carried out under high strain rates with a wide range of 0. 01/s -1 000/s by using MTS and bar-bar tensile impact apparatus. Based on the statistical constitutive model of fiber bundles, statistical constitutive equations of aramid fiber bundles are derived from statistical analysis of test data at different strain rates. Comparison between the theoretical predictions and experimental data indicates statistical constitutive equations fit well with the experimental data, and statistical constitutive equations of fiber bundles at different strain rates are valid.

Effects of Environment on Strengths of UHMWPE and Aramid Fiber

This paper is devoted on influences of acid-base,high and low temperature on strength of UHMWPE and aramid fiber, characterized by fracture strength, SEM's effects on fiber strength and surface morphology. It turns out to be that UHMWPE fiber has a superior acid-base, low temperature and light aging resistance property,with strength keeping above 90% in acid-base environment. Comparing with UHMWPE fiber, aramid fiber does well in mechanical properties, temperature resistant performances and alkali resistances at room temperature, with strength losing less than 10% in alkaline environment.

Simultaneously enhanced interfacial shear strength and tensile strength of heterocyclic aramid fiber by graphene oxide

Heterocyclic aramid fibers,a typical kind of high-performance fibers,have been widely used in aerospace and protection fields because of their excellent mechanical properties.However,the application of heterocyclic aramid fibers as a reinforcement is hindered by the weak interfacial combination with matrix materials,especially epoxy.Traditional strategies enhancing the interfacial shear strength(IFSS)usually decrease the tensile strength.Therefore,simultaneous enhancement of both mechanical properties remains a challenge.Herein,we report a novel heterocyclic aramid fiber with high interfacial shear strength(49.3 MPa)and tensile strength(6.27 GPa),in which 4,4′-diamino-2′-chlorobenzanilide(DABA-Cl)and a small amount of graphene oxide(GO)are introduced through in-situ polymerization.Hydrogen bonds andπ–πinteraction between GO and polymer chains trigger the enhancement in crystallinity,orientation,and lateral interaction of the fibers,thus improving the tensile strength and interfacial shear strength of the fibers.Moreover,the interfacial interaction between fiber and epoxy is enhanced due to the improvement of the surface polarity of the fibers caused by DABA-Cl.Therefore,a method to improve both tensile strength and interfacial shear strength of heterocyclic aramid fibers was found by introducing GO and DABA-Cl,which may provide guidance for the design and preparation of other high-performance fibers.

Statistical Tensile Strength for High Strain Rate of Aramid and UHMWPE Fibers

Dynamic tensile impact properties of aramid (Technora) and UHMWPE (DC851) fiber bundles were studied at two high strain rates by means of reflecting type Split Hopkinson Bar, and stress-strain curves of fiber yarns at different strain rates were obtained. Experimental results show that the initial elastic modulus, failure strength and unstable strain of aramid fiber yarns are strain rate insensitive, whereas the initial elastic modulus and unstable strain of UHMWPE fiber yarns are strain rate sensitive. A fiber-bundle statistical constitutive equation was used to describe the tensile behavior of aramid and UHMWPE fiber bundles at high strain rates. The good consistency between the simulated results and experimental data indicates that the modified double Weibull function can represent the tensile strength distribution of aramid and UHMWPE fibers and the method of extracting Weibull parameters from fiber bundles stress-strain data is valid.

Behavior of Aramid Fiber/Ultrahigh Molecular Weight Polyethylene Fiber Hybrid Composites under Charpy Impact and Ballistic Impact

The aramid fiber礥HMWPE (ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene) fiber hybrid composites (AF礑F) were ma-nufactured. By Charpy impact, the low velocity impact behavior of AF礑F composite was studied. And the high velocity impact behavior under ballistic impact was also investigated. The influence of hybrid ratio on the performances of low and high velocity impact was analyzed, and hybrid structures with good impact properties under low velocity impact and high velocity were optimized. For Charpy impact, the maximal impact load increased with the accretion of the AF layers for AF礑F hybrid composites. The total impact power was reduced with the decrease of DF layers and the delamination can result in the increase of total impact power. For ballistic impact, the DF ballistic performance was better than that of the AF and the hybrid ratio had a crucial influence. The failure morphology of AF礑F hybrid composite under Charpy impact and ballistic impact was analyzed. The AF礑F hybrid composites in suitable hybrid ratio could attain better performance than AF or DF composites.

Validity of Amontons's law for run-in short-cut aramid fiber reinforced elastomers:The effect of epoxy coated fibers

Friction between two contacting surfaces is studied extensively.One of the k n o w n friction theories is Amontons,law which states that the friction force is proportional to the normal force.However,Amontons7 law has been found to be invalid for elastomers.In the present study,the validity of Amontons7 law for short-cut aramid fiber reinforced elastomers is studied.Two types of fillers are used to reinforce the elastomers,namely highly dispersible silica and short-cut aramid fibers.Short-cut aramid fibers with two different surface treatments are used,namely non-reactive fibers with standard oily finish(SF-fibers)and fibers treated with an epoxy coating(EF-fibers).A pin-on-disc tribometer is used to investigate the frictional behavior of the composites in sliding contact with a granite counter surface.The results show that,after the run-in phase,Amontons,law is valid for those composites that are reinforced by short-cut aramid fibers(without reinforcing filler,i.e.,silica)if the contact pressure is below a threshold value.However,once the contact pressure exceeds this threshold value,Amontons'law will be invalid.The threshold contact pressure of the composites containing EF-fibers is higher than of the composites containing SF-fibers.The composites that are reinforced by silica and short-cut aramid fibers do not follow Amontons7 law.

Paper‑like Polyphenylene Sulfide/Aramid Fiber Electrode with Excellent Areal Capacitance and Flame‑Retardant Performance

In this paper,an aramid chopped fiber,so-called(ACF)/polyphenylene sulfide(PPS)composite,containing multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCNT),and in situ polymerized polypyrrole(PPy)was designed and fabricated,to be applied as a paper based electrode.The ACF/PPS/MWCNT-PPy electrode features highly porous paper-like structure with excel-lent electrochemical activity,rendering it a high areal capacitance of~3205 mF cm^(-2) at a current density of 5 mA cm^(-2).After 5000 charge-discharge cycles,the areal capacitance still maintains 93%and 70%at high current densities of 20 and 80 mA cm^(-2),respectively.Moreover,the ACF/PPS/MWCNT-PPy electrode displays over 50%the areal capacitance and maintains it's mechanical stability after annealing at 300℃.The UL-94 test reveals that the highest V-0 flame-retardant performance can be achieved.All these results suggest that the ACF/PPS/MWCNT-PPy composite is a promising material to be used as electrode for supercapacitor with high energy-storage capability and noninflammability.

芳纶纤维的发展现状及应用

总结了芳纶纤维的性能、改性研究、染色印花性能研究发展现状,以及芳纶纤维在金属化、体育运动、柔性防刺防弹材料、航空航天材料等的应用及研究情况。

沉析纤维尺寸和含量对间位芳纶纸性能的影响

使用不同目数的筛网对自制的Z沉析纤维进行筛分,将得到的不同尺寸的沉析纤维与间位芳纶短切纤维按一定质量比配抄成纸,制备间位芳纶纸;通过红外光谱、X射线衍射、扫描电镜及热失重、动态滤水分析对自制的Z沉析纤维的化学结构、热性能、动态滤水性能进行表征,并与进口的J沉析纤维对比;研究了沉析纤维的尺寸和含量对间位芳纶纸性能的影响。结果表明:Z沉析纤维与J沉析纤维均为膜状结构,化学结构基本一致,动态滤水性能及热性能相当;经30目或50目的筛网筛分后的沉析纤维可以与短切纤维更好地抱合,间位芳纶纸的抗张强度、断裂伸长率、撕裂度、击穿强度均达到较大值;间位芳纶纸的撕裂度随沉析纤维含量的增加逐渐降低,间位芳纶纸的抗张强度、断裂伸长率、击穿强度随沉析纤维含量的增加呈现先增后降的变化趋势,当沉析纤维质量分数为55%时,间位芳纶纸的抗张强度、断裂伸长率、击穿强度均达到最大值,分别为3.0 kN/m、5.50%、18.7 kV/mm。

间位芳纶的结构与耐酸碱性能研究

通过X射线衍射仪和红外光谱仪分别对间位芳纶的晶体聚集态结构和大分子结构进行表征,利用场发射扫描电镜观察其表面形貌,使用热重/差示扫描量热同步热分析仪测试其热学性能,并对酸碱处理后的纤维力学性能进行表征。结果表明:间位芳纶的结晶度为46.24%,晶区轴取向指数为0.8494;间位芳纶表面粗糙,内部大分子链中存在苯环结构;间位芳纶具有良好的耐热性能,在292℃的高温内无任何损伤;间位芳纶具有一定的耐强酸强碱腐蚀能力,在85℃下分别经体积分数小于等于20%的硫酸溶液及质量分数小于等于20%的氢氧化钠溶液处理,处理后其断裂强度均保持在原来的90%以上。

冻融循环作用下芳纶纤维增强混凝土力学性能研究

芳纶纤维具有纤维含量高、密度小、韧性大等特点,对提升混凝土材料的力学性能有着巨大的潜力。以芳纶纤维为原料,对冻融循环作用下不同纤维体积掺量(1%、2%、4%)及纤维长径比(200、400、600)的芳纶纤维增强混凝土(AFRC)力学性能进行试验研究,得到了AFRC的抗压强度和抗拉强度。试验结果表明,随着冻融循环次数的增加,混凝土的抗压强度和抗拉强度均有所降低。在循环60次时,AFRC抗压强度和抗拉强度均降低50%左右。AFRC抗压强度随纤维体积掺量的增加而降低,随纤维长径比的增加而增加,抗拉强度基本保持不变。此外,基于试验数据建立了芳纶纤维增强混凝土抗压强度及抗拉强度的预测与转换模型。

提升杂环芳纶复合性能的研究进展

杂环芳纶是指主链中含有芳杂环(通常为苯并咪唑)的一类对位芳纶,其具有轻质、高强高模、高耐热、耐溶剂等优异性能。相比典型的芳纶Ⅱ纤维,杂环芳纶具有更加优异的力学性能,目前在我国的航空航天和防弹防护等领域得到了实际的应用。然而,与其他有机纤维类似,杂环芳纶由于表面惰性,其与树脂的复合性能相对较低,限制了其在先进复合材料领域的应用。本文从杂环芳纶表面改性和结构设计两方面出发,总结近年来提高杂环芳纶复合性能的设计思路、技术手段和研究成果,展望其在先进复合材料应用领域的发展趋势,为有机纤维的界面设计及改善界面粘接性提供帮助和参考。

A low-cost and high-strength basalt/carbon fiber reinforced polymer improved by imitating tree-root micro/nano aramid short fiber

The high-strength Basalt Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer(BCFRP)composites had been manufactured by guiding Imitating Tree-root Micro/Nano Aramid Short Fiber(ITMNASF)into the interlayer of Basalt Fiber(BF)and Carbon Fiber(CF)plies to form thin interleaving,and various mass proportions of IT-MNASF were designed to discuss the reinforcing effect on the BCFRP heterogeneous composites.The results of three points bending tests showed that flexural strength and energy absorption of 4wt%IT-MNASF reinforced BCFRP heterogeneous composites had been improved by 32.4%and 134.4%respectively compared with that of unreinforced specimens.The 4wt%IT-MNASF reinforced BCFRP specimens showed both a greater strength and a lower cost(reduced by 31%around)than that of plain CFRP composites.X-ray micro-computed tomography scanning results exhibited that the delamination-dominated failure of plain BCFRP composites was changed into multi-layer BF and CF fabrics damage.The reinforcing mechanism revealed that the introduced IT-MNASF could construct quasi-vertical fiber bridging,and it was used as"mechanical claws"to grasp adjacent fiber layers for creating a stronger mechanical interlocking,and this effectively improved resin-rich region and interfacial transition region at the interlayers.The simple and effective IT-MNASF interleaving technique was very successful in low-cost and high-strength development of BCFRP heterogeneous composites.

芳纶纤维增强复合材料转子的有限元分析

转子是机械转动部件中的一种,存在于电动机、水轮机、风力发电机、飞轮储能系统等各种机电设备中。在飞轮储能系统中,转子的材料、形状等关键因素都会对系统的性能产生影响。文中以提高飞轮储能系统转子的转速为出发点,建立了复合材料转子的数字化模型,并且对芳纶纤维复合材料转子开展了有限元分析,确定了复合材料层数变化、过盈量变化等对轮毂和轮缘的径向应力、周向应力及转速的影响。数值模拟结果为芳纶纤维增强树脂基复合材料在复合材料飞轮中的应用提供了参考。

基于分子动力学的芳纶/功能化碳纳米管复合材料体系热力学性能模拟

对位芳纶绝缘纸以其优异的介电性能、力学性能在电气绝缘领域得到广泛应用。为探究不同功能化碳纳米管与对位芳纶共掺的复合材料热力学性能,该文通过分子动力学模拟方法建立了对位芳纶分子体系模型、未功能化碳纳米管以及分别接枝羟基、羧基和氨基官能团的芳纶/功能化碳纳米管复合体系模型。在Materials Studio和LAMMPS中计算了复合材料热导率、玻璃化转变温度、力学性能、结构参数及相对介电常数。结果表明,芳纶复合材料体系各项性能均有不同幅度提升。芳纶/羧基化碳纳米管(PPTA/CNT—COOH)的热导率较掺杂前提升了75.4%,玻璃化转变温度提升了43.29 K。芳纶/羟基化碳纳米管(PPTA/CNT—OH)和芳纶/氨基化碳纳米管(PPTA/CNT—NH2)的热导率依次提升70.2%和63.2%。在力学性能上,复合材料比掺杂前的弹性模量平均增强30%以上,剪切模量增强15%以上。通过计算体系结构参数,从均方位移、自由体积占比、氢键数量与结合强度等分子层面阐释了材料性能增强的内在机理,最终发现PPTA/CNT—COOH在热力学性能上较其他掺杂体系提升最为明显,且碳纳米管的掺入未对材料介电常数引起较大改变,所得结果可为对位芳纶复合绝缘材料的掺杂设计、性能调控提供理论支持。

石墨烯/碳纤维/芳纶电磁屏蔽纸的制备与性能研究

本研究以耐高温的芳纶短切纤维和芳纶沉析纤维为纸基纤维材料,导电性优良的碳纤维为导电骨架,石墨烯为电磁屏蔽增强材料,结合抄纸和涂布工艺制备得到石墨烯/碳纤维/芳纶电磁屏蔽纸。结果表明,制备的石墨烯/碳纤维/芳纶电磁屏蔽纸具有“三明治结构”,其厚度为333.9µm时,在X波段的电磁屏蔽效能SE_(T)高达70.3 dB,电导率高达1685 S/m,兼有较好的耐高温性和耐腐蚀性。

不同纤维增强对PZT/PVA复合材料性能影响的研究

压电陶瓷复合材料较低的力学性能限制其应用。为进一度探究纤维种类及掺量对锆钛酸铅(PZT)/聚乙烯醇(PVA)复合材料性能影响规律,对不同纤维掺量下碳纤维/PZT/PVA、芳纶纤维/PZT/PVA复合材料开展电学及力学性能测试,分析纤维种类、掺量及PZT/PVA体积比对试件介电、压电性能及弯曲、拉伸性能的影响规律,并结合电镜扫描(SEM)分析纤维掺量对试件性能的影响。结果表明,少量的纤维掺量能够提高复合材料的电学性能,过量的纤维使得复合材料结构孔隙结构增加,介质常数和压电常数均减小,介质损耗增大。7%芳纶纤维/0.5PZT/0.5PVA、5%芳纶纤维/0.6PZT/0.4PVA、3%芳纶纤维/0.7PZT/0.3PVA复合材料的介电性能和压电性能较高。芳纶纤维掺量为9%时,芳纶纤维/0.5PZT/0.5PVA、芳纶纤维/0.6PZT/0.4PVA、芳纶纤维/0.7PZT/0.3PVA、芳纶纤维/0.8PZT/0.2PVA复合材料的弯曲强度分别提高了10.72%、14.49%、13.85%及16.78%,拉伸强度分别提高了24.04%、23.94%、27.00%和28.52%。纤维在试件内部形成网状结构从而提升试件力学性能,且由于芳纶纤维不导电,因此可以在复合材料中加入芳纶纤维的数量比碳纤维多,其力学性能也会大大提高。

碳纳米管质量分数对纳米芳纶复合气凝胶纤维电磁屏蔽性能的影响

为了研究碳纳米管(CNTs)的质量分数对纳米芳纶(ANF)复合气凝胶纤维的电磁屏蔽性能的影响。将CNTs与ANF分散在通过二甲基亚砜(DMSO)中,改变CNTs与ANF的比例。对复合气凝胶纤维的力学性能、导电性能、微观形貌、 X射线光电子能谱、红外光谱、热失重等性能进行测试,确定实验范围内的CNTs的最佳参数。结果表明:当CNTs在分散液中的质量分数达到25%时,复合气凝胶纤维的电磁屏蔽效能达到-18 dB。CNTs/ANF复合气凝胶纤维可以屏蔽80%的电磁波,满足工业要求。

基于废弃ACFs/PPS复合纸的纳米芳纶凝胶的制备

利用废弃对位芳纶(ACFs)/聚苯硫醚(PPS)复合纸,通过打浆法和去质子化法相结合的方式,“自上而下”地制备纳米对位芳纶(ANFs)凝胶,并表征了ANFs凝胶结构与性能之间的关系。使用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪和扫描电子显微镜表征了ANFs的结构和微观形貌,结果表明成功制备了ANFs凝胶。抽滤、烘干后的未经任何处理的ANFs薄膜的拉伸强度可达20 MPa,表明ANFs具有优异的拉伸性能。ANFs薄膜在200~400 nm的透射率约为5%,表明ANFs凝胶若作为纸基施胶剂,可有效保护纸基材料在极端环境下的使用。