The effect of the valence band tail width on the open circuit voltage of P3HT：PCBM bulk heterojunction solar cell is investigated by using the AMPS-1D computer program. An effective medium model with exponential vale...The effect of the valence band tail width on the open circuit voltage of P3HT：PCBM bulk heterojunction solar cell is investigated by using the AMPS-1D computer program. An effective medium model with exponential valence and conduction band tail states is used to simulate the photovoltaic cell. The simulation result shows that the open circuit voltage depends Iinearly on the logarithm of the generation rate and the slope depends on the width of the valence band tail. The open circuit voltage decreases with the increasing width of the band tail. The dark and light ideality factors increase with the width of the valence band tail.展开更多
The band structures of a new two-dimensional triangle-shaped array geometry of 4340 steel cylinders of square cross section in an epoxy resin were studied by the plane-wave expansion and supercell calculation method. ...The band structures of a new two-dimensional triangle-shaped array geometry of 4340 steel cylinders of square cross section in an epoxy resin were studied by the plane-wave expansion and supercell calculation method. The band gaps of this type of phononic crystals with different defects were calculated such as defect-free, 60° crystal linear defect states, 120° crystal linear defect states, and 180° crystal linear defect states. It was found that the band gap will emerge in different linear defects of the phononic crystals and the bandwidth of linear defect states is larger than that of the free-defect crystal by about 2.14 times within the filling fraction F = 0.1-0.85. In addition, the influence of the filling fraction on the relative width of the minimum band gap is discussed.展开更多
In this paper, a compact coplanar epsilon.negative(ENG) antenna is proposed with ultra.wide operation band and small size of 18×11.5 mm2. The proposed antenna is designed based on a coplanar.waveguide(CPW) feedin...In this paper, a compact coplanar epsilon.negative(ENG) antenna is proposed with ultra.wide operation band and small size of 18×11.5 mm2. The proposed antenna is designed based on a coplanar.waveguide(CPW) feeding antenna, and thus the via.free structure is employed to realize the ENG unit cell, which is convenient to tune the frequency of zeroth.order resonance(ZOR) and extends the ZOR bandwidth. The high.order resonant frequencies are achieved and mainly determined by the separate slots that are located between the radiating patch and the ground plane. Adding the left.handed inductance between the radiating patch and ground has slight impact on the high.order resonant frequencies, and then the ultra.wide band is achieved by merging the ZOR bandwidth with the high.order resonant bandwidths. The ground plane primarily works as a matching network for the proposed antenna. Although it generates a low.frequency resonance, the performance is undesirable due to the impedance mismatching. The measured results show that the reflection coefficient, |S11| <.10 d B, is in a wide frequency range from 5.25 to 13 GHz, which covers the upper operation band of UWB communication. Also, the antenna contains relatively stable gains and omni.directional radiation patterns.展开更多
This paper presents a study of a non-uniform pitch helical resonator (NPHR) structure and the coupling mechanisms to design dual-passband filters. The previous research analyzes NPHR as a type of step impedance resona...This paper presents a study of a non-uniform pitch helical resonator (NPHR) structure and the coupling mechanisms to design dual-passband filters. The previous research analyzes NPHR as a type of step impedance resonator (SIR), however, it does not give analytical equations or prediction for the dual-resonance characteristics of the NPHR structure discussed in this paper. Consequently, a circuit model is proposed to analyze the dual-resonance characteristics of NPHRs. Analytical equations are derived, showing that the frequency ratio of a dual-band NPHR can be determined by the ratio of turns. EM simulation and experimental results have shown good agreement with the circuit analysis. The derived analytical equations from circuit model can be used for fast design of NPHRs. A step-width aperture is proposed to independently control the coupling coefficients at the each band of NPHRs. A third order dual-passband filter has been designed and fabricated. The filter has 3.3% and 3% fractional bandwidths at 789 MHz and 2402 MHz, respectively. The designed prototype filter shows that NPHRs can be utilized to realize compact filters with dual-band characteristics. The filter design can be extended from engineering perspective for application in wireless communication systems.展开更多
文摘The effect of the valence band tail width on the open circuit voltage of P3HT：PCBM bulk heterojunction solar cell is investigated by using the AMPS-1D computer program. An effective medium model with exponential valence and conduction band tail states is used to simulate the photovoltaic cell. The simulation result shows that the open circuit voltage depends Iinearly on the logarithm of the generation rate and the slope depends on the width of the valence band tail. The open circuit voltage decreases with the increasing width of the band tail. The dark and light ideality factors increase with the width of the valence band tail.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 10764005 and 11164034)the New Century Training Program Foundation for Talents from the Ministry of Education of China (Grant No. NCET-08-0926)
文摘The band structures of a new two-dimensional triangle-shaped array geometry of 4340 steel cylinders of square cross section in an epoxy resin were studied by the plane-wave expansion and supercell calculation method. The band gaps of this type of phononic crystals with different defects were calculated such as defect-free, 60° crystal linear defect states, 120° crystal linear defect states, and 180° crystal linear defect states. It was found that the band gap will emerge in different linear defects of the phononic crystals and the bandwidth of linear defect states is larger than that of the free-defect crystal by about 2.14 times within the filling fraction F = 0.1-0.85. In addition, the influence of the filling fraction on the relative width of the minimum band gap is discussed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NNSF) under Grant 61531016National Natural Science Foundation of China (NNSF) under Grant 61271090+1 种基金Sichuan province science and technology support project under Grant 2016GZ0059Sichuan province science and technology support project under Grant 2017GZ0110
文摘In this paper, a compact coplanar epsilon.negative(ENG) antenna is proposed with ultra.wide operation band and small size of 18×11.5 mm2. The proposed antenna is designed based on a coplanar.waveguide(CPW) feeding antenna, and thus the via.free structure is employed to realize the ENG unit cell, which is convenient to tune the frequency of zeroth.order resonance(ZOR) and extends the ZOR bandwidth. The high.order resonant frequencies are achieved and mainly determined by the separate slots that are located between the radiating patch and the ground plane. Adding the left.handed inductance between the radiating patch and ground has slight impact on the high.order resonant frequencies, and then the ultra.wide band is achieved by merging the ZOR bandwidth with the high.order resonant bandwidths. The ground plane primarily works as a matching network for the proposed antenna. Although it generates a low.frequency resonance, the performance is undesirable due to the impedance mismatching. The measured results show that the reflection coefficient, |S11| <.10 d B, is in a wide frequency range from 5.25 to 13 GHz, which covers the upper operation band of UWB communication. Also, the antenna contains relatively stable gains and omni.directional radiation patterns.
文摘This paper presents a study of a non-uniform pitch helical resonator (NPHR) structure and the coupling mechanisms to design dual-passband filters. The previous research analyzes NPHR as a type of step impedance resonator (SIR), however, it does not give analytical equations or prediction for the dual-resonance characteristics of the NPHR structure discussed in this paper. Consequently, a circuit model is proposed to analyze the dual-resonance characteristics of NPHRs. Analytical equations are derived, showing that the frequency ratio of a dual-band NPHR can be determined by the ratio of turns. EM simulation and experimental results have shown good agreement with the circuit analysis. The derived analytical equations from circuit model can be used for fast design of NPHRs. A step-width aperture is proposed to independently control the coupling coefficients at the each band of NPHRs. A third order dual-passband filter has been designed and fabricated. The filter has 3.3% and 3% fractional bandwidths at 789 MHz and 2402 MHz, respectively. The designed prototype filter shows that NPHRs can be utilized to realize compact filters with dual-band characteristics. The filter design can be extended from engineering perspective for application in wireless communication systems.
