On Chinese Cultural Subjectivity Regarding Exemplary and Narrative Language: Based on Ricoeur’s Research of Narrative

Exemplary language can,on the one hand,assist a listener to understand what a speaker intends to express,and,on the other hand,provoke a kind of practical force to the listener.Exemplary language is everywhere in our daily life,such as the bedtime stories told by a mother to her child,literary works,and judicial precedents.Many Western philosophers have expounded on this type of language.Exemplary language has become a topic for philosophical discussions.In Chinese classics,there are many expressions using exemplary language,but in different forms.Was there any philosophical reflection on these exemplary languages?The differences between the Chinese and the Western exemplary language initiate our discussion about the different subjectivity of exemplary language,or narrative subjectivity,for narrative will be discussed in this article as an extraordinary exemplary language.As a kind of exemplary language,narrative is analyzed by Ricoeur into two elements:time and meaning.Is his analysis also valid for Chinese narrative language?Can we discuss the difference of narrative subjectivity according to these two elements?The author is going to trace the origins of different subjectivity by analyzing distinct ways of creating characters/words which determinate different language forms in Chinese and the Western culture.The author finds that“linear time”(or objective time)still plays a significant role in the Western culture;by contrast,subjective time seems more dominant in Chinese culture.This also determines the narrative time for Chinese.As for the meaning,there are different purposes and ways of using narrative in Chinese culture and the Western culture,which are reflected,for example,in the different purposes of the Chinese and Western drama.This article aims to explore Chinese narrative subjectivity based on Ricoeur’s research of narrative.

Xue and Haoxue:Learning Contents and Learning Attitude in The Analects of Confucius

The Analects(Lunyu論語)is a fundamental text for understanding the teachings of Confucius and offers an extensive account of the importance and methodology of learning(xue學)in the quest to become a junzi(君子),or exemplary person.This paper explores the contents and attitudes of learning as presented in The Analects,focusing on how Confucius’disciples and subsequent generations compiled and understood his teachings.Confucius emphasized that the ultimate goal of learning is to become a junzi.The term junzi originally referred to nobles or aristocrats but was redefined by Confucius to describe anyone who cultivates themselves to achieve moral excellence and serve society effectively.In The Analects,the concept of junzi is constructed through various entries that illustrate what a junzi should and should not do,highlighting attributes such as being highly principled,disciplined,ethical,and capable.Confucius outlined specific content areas for learning that were essential for personal and social development.These included learning cultural knowledge(學文),the Book of Changes(學易),the Book of Odes(學詩),the Book of Propriety(學禮),and the Way(學道).He believed that proper behavior,such as filial piety,respect for elders,trustworthiness,and benevolence,was a prerequisite for effective learning.Through the study of these classical texts,learners could cultivate their emotions,improve their observational abilities,and enhance their social skills.In addition to content,Confucius stressed the importance of having the right attitude towards learning.He valued the enjoyment of learning(好學)and praised those who pursued knowledge with diligence and an open mind.This attitude was exemplified by his favorite disciple,Yan Hui,who was noted for his ability to learn without repeating mistakes or transferring anger to others.Confucius himself also modeled this attitude,demonstrating a lifelong commitment to learning and self-improvement.In conclusion,The Analects presents learning as a holistic process that encompasses not only the acquisition of knowledge but also the development of moral and social virtues.Confucius’teachings emphasize that through persistent and disciplined learning,individuals can achieve personal growth and contribute positively to society,embodying the qualities of a true junzi.

Exemplary Performance

The Chinese economy has overcome the global financial crisis and maintained steady and fast growth Two concerns used to surround the Chinese economy in the outset of this year:overheating caused by"bold" plans on the part of local governments and a hard landing for the domestic economy because of austerity measures to combat inflation.

Exotic Natural Diversity Hidden in the Tianshan Mountains

LOCATED in the far northwestern region of China is the tantalizing Tianshan Mountain range. The region has its own unique natural landscape, numerous glacial streams, gorgeous natural scenery, and indigenous flora and fauna, making it a particularly exemplary representative of large mountainous ecosystems located in temperate arid regions.

Research on Management Innovation and Development for Railway Passenger Station Construction

Based on the general high-quality development requirements for railway construction in the new era,combined with the new concept of railway passenger stations of China State Railway Group Co.Ltd,namely"being well-connected,fully-integrated,environmeni-friendlypassenger-oriented,economically-efficient,culturally-rich,intelligent and convenient"and aiming at the construction of exemplary passenger station projects,this paper summarizes the construction experience in construction,decoration furnishing culture and art expression of railway passenger stations,proposes the working patterns of formulating the implementation plans of exemplary railway passenger station projects and the expert reviews in innovative way studies and forms 6 special-subject designs such as for colorshape,space,environment,art and culture,as wellas the specific design requirements for 13 key areas including waiting hall entrance and exit corridor;VIP room,etc.,and summarizes and puts forward the construction management system of railway passenger stations in the new era,so as to ensure the expected exemplary project quality of railway passenger stations.

Practical Paths and Innovative Developments in Rural Governance Reform in China:Based on Leading Cases from 2019 to 2022

Successful examples are formed through benchmarking and establishing pioneers,and policy diffusion is carried out through the concept of exemplary leadership and progressive promotion,in accordance with the national policy deployment of rural governance.In addition to combining the two benefits of rural social promotion and national policy support,this also creates an interactive pathway between national policy promotion and rural active response.We should not only concentrate on the national administrative system but also pay attention to the peculiarities of primary-level governance in order to study the workings of exemplary leadership.The National Rural Governance Leading Cases highlight the extensive scope,wide range of manifestations,and unique characteristics of China’s wave of rural governance reform efforts in the new era.The combination of feeling the stones to cross the river and strengthening top-level design better reflects the logic of exemplary leadership in contemporary rural governance.These two strategies are based on the five practical dimensions of Party-building leadership,departmental coordination,integration of self-governance,rule of law,and rule of virtue,creation of new approaches,and multi-stakeholder governance.

Appraisal of the Production-Oriented Approach： An Introduction

The production-oriented approach （POA） has been developed over a decade. It is driven by the need to improve English classroom instruction for university students in China （Wen, 2016）. It is also motivated by the aspiration to enhance the quality of foreign language education in other similar pedagogical contexts outside China. A volume of research has been done by Wen Qiufang and her research team, to formulate the theory of POA and to test its effectiveness in classroom pedagogy （e.g. Wen, 2016, 2015; Yang, 2015; Zhang, 2015）. At the moment, the POA is still at an early stage of theory building and almost all empirical research is done in the Chinese context. In order to improve the quality of this theory and to make it intelligible to the international academic community, a one-day symposium was held in Beijing Foreign Studies University on May 15, 2017. The symposium was entitled ＇The first international forum on innovative foreign language education in China： Appraisal of the POA＇. In the forum, leading experts in applied linguistics were invited to discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the POA and the directions for its future development. The symposium was the first attempt for the POA research team to discuss its latest work with international scholars. This Viewpoint section collects the responses of four experts who participated in the symposium, listed in alphabetical order. The collection of articles covers three topics related to the POA： its pedagogical application, its use for teacher training, and its research. Alister Cumming is Professor Emeritus and the former Head of the Centre for Educational Research on Languages and Literacies, University of Toronto, Canada. His article focuses primarily on POA research as an exemplary case of design-based research. Rod Ellis is Research Professor in the School of Education at Curtin University, Australia. He discusses POA in terms of pedagogy, teacher training and research, with both critiques and constructive suggestions. Paul Kei Matsuda is Professor of English and Director of Second Language Writing at Arizona State University, the writed states. He responds to POA from the perspective of an expert researcher and teacher of L2 writing. Charlene Polio is Professor and Associate Chair in the Department of Linguistics ＆ Germanic, Slavic, Asian ＆ African Languages atMichigan State University, the writed states. She conceptualises POA as a useful method to address some issues in pre-service teacher development. Overall, the articles in this section are insightful and reader-friendly. They are not only useful for the development of POA in particular, but may also be valuable to a broad range of researchers as they touch upon pertaining issues, as well as emerging topics, in the field of applied linguistics. We therefore find it necessary to make them accessible to a wide readership.