Human adult pluripotency: Facts and questions

Cellular reprogramming and induced pluripotent stem cell(IPSC) technology demonstrated the plasticity of adult cell fate, opening a new era of cellular modelling and introducing a versatile therapeutic tool for regenerative medicine.While IPSCs are already involved in clinical trials for various regenerative purposes, critical questions concerning their medium-and long-term genetic and epigenetic stability still need to be answered. Pluripotent stem cells have been described in the last decades in various mammalian and human tissues(such as bone marrow, blood and adipose tissue). We briefly describe the characteristics of human-derived adult stem cells displaying in vitro and/or in vivo pluripotency while highlighting that the common denominators of their isolation or occurrence within tissue are represented by extreme cellular stress. Spontaneous cellular reprogramming as a survival mechanism favoured by senescence and cellular scarcity could represent an adaptative mechanism. Reprogrammed cells could initiate tissue regeneration or tumour formation dependent on the microenvironment characteristics. Systems biology approaches and lineage tracing within living tissues can be used to clarify the origin of adult pluripotent stem cells and their significance for regeneration and disease.

In vitro differentiation of human adipose-derived adult stromal cells into neuron-like cells in hippocampal astrocyte conditioned medium

BACKGROUND: At present, researches on differentiating from human adipose-derived adult stromal cells (hADASC) to neuron-like cells are focus on inducing by artificial-synthetic compound solution; however, hippocampal astrocyte conditioned medium (HCAM) can induce in vitro differentiation from hADASC to neuron-like cells is still unclear. OBJECTIVE: To observe whether HCAM can induce in vitro differentiation from hADASC to neuron-like cells. DESIGN: Randomized control study. SETTING: Department of Neurology, Taixing People's Hospital; Central Laboratory, North China Coal Medical College. MATERIALS: Donor of adipose tissue was donated by female volunteers suffering from caesarean section in the department of obstetrics & gynecology in our hospital and aged 20-35 years. Adipose tissue was collected from subcutaneous tissue of abdomen during the operation. In addition, 8 male newborn Wistar rats within 24 hours with average body mass of 20 g were provided by Animal Institute of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. Rabbit-anti-human Nestin polyclonal antibody, rabbit-anti-human glial fibriliary acidic protein (GFAP) polyclonal antibody, rabbit-anti-human neuro-specific enolase polyclonal antibody and mouse-anti-human microtubal associated protein 2 (MAP-2) polyclonal antibody were provided by Wuhan Boster Company. METHODS: The experiment was carried out in the Central Laboratory of North China Coal Medical College from October 2004 to June 2005. hADASC was cultured with HCAM and its growth and morphological changes were observed under inverted phase contrast microscope. Immunocytochemistry, immunofluorescence and Western blotting were used to evaluate the expressions of Nestin, which was a specific sign of nerve precursor, neuro-specific enolase and MAP-2, which was a specific sign of nerve cell, and GFAP, which was a specific sign of neuroglial cells. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Nestin, which was a specific sign of nerve precursor, neuro-specific enolase and MAP-2, which was a specific sign of nerve cell, and GFAP, which was a specific sign of neuroglial cells. RESULTS: On the 3rd day of culture, partial hADASC started deformation from slender shuttle-shape cells to neuron-like cells. It suggested that cells stretched out apophysis, which were mainly double-pole or multiple-pole cells. Five days later, immunohistochemical detection suggested that expression of Nestin (10.5±0.037) was found out in cells; meanwhile, expressions of GFAP (38.4±0.052) and neuro-specific enolase (NSE) (15.7±0.023) were also found out in cells; however, expression of MAP-2 was not observed. Western blot indicated that, 5 days after effect of HCAM, Nestin was found out in hADASC; meanwhile, expressions of GFAP and neuro-specific enolase were also found out; however, expression of MAP-2 was not observed. CONCLUSION: HCAM can induce the differentiation from hADASC to neuron-like cells in vitro.

Human adult stem cells from menstrual blood and endometrial tissue

The article ＂Plasticity of human menstrual blood stem cells derived from the endometrium＂ by Lin et al （2011）, published in Journal of Zhejiang University- SCIENCE B （Biomedicine ＆ Biotechnology）, described a newly identified mesenchymal-like stem cell （MSC） from human menstrual blood known as MenSC. Here we describe the latest findings in this area and clarify the difference between human adult stem cells from menstrual blood and endometrial tissue.

Per Capita （PC） versus Per Adult Human Unit Method （PAHUM）： A Net Assessment of EU28-Population, Family/Household, Food Consumption and Environmental Impact

Communication of Lisbon Strategy sets out an integrated package of measures to deliver more sustainable consumption （including food）, better environmental protection, correct population and production evaluations by using appropriate and more meaningful methods. It lays ahead as one of the key challenges for EU28-PC, Adult Equivalent （AE） and conjoint evaluations and implementation are not sufficiently dynamic and forward-looking to drive the performance of methods upwards. Those evaluations do not serve the above purpose. On PC, AE method use overall, voluntary and regulatory instruments are not sufficiently connected and potential synergies among the different instruments are not exploited. Divergent national, international approaches send conflicting signals to producers and consumers. As a result, the full potential of the internal food market of EU28 and its impact on environment are not realized and evaluated on properly identified UNIT basis. Misidentified UNIT for measurement would not give correct results and if one installs his correct assumptions on the wrong unit, the falls results will start following each other. The developed PAHUM-（Copy-right 1989） and policy approach may integrate the potential of the different policy instruments, helping implement them （gender, age, structure and household size） to food consumption and environmental issues.

5-Bromo-2'-deoxyuridine labeling:historical perspectives,factors infiuencing the detection,toxicity,and its implications in the neurogenesis

The halopyrimidine 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine(BrdU)is an exogenous marker of DNA synthesis.Since the introduction of monoclonal antibodies against BrdU,an increasing number of methodologies have been used for the immunodetection of this synthesized bromine-tagged base analogue into replicating DNA.BrdU labeling is widely used for identifying neuron precursors and following their fate during the embryonic,perinatal,and adult neurogenesis in a variety of vertebrate species including birds,reptiles,and mammals.Due to BrdU toxicity,its incorporation into replicating DNA presents adverse consequences on the generation,survival,and settled patterns of cells.This may lead to false results and misinterpretation in the identification of proliferative neuroblasts.In this review,I will indicate the detrimental effects of this nucleoside during the development of the central nervous system,as well as the reliability of BrdU labeling to detect proliferating neuroblasts.Moreover,it will show factors influencing BrdU immunodetection and the contribution of this nucleoside to the study of prenatal,perinatal,and adult neurogenesis.Human adult neurogenesis will also be discussed.It is my hope that this review serves as a reference for those researchers who focused on detecting cells that are in the synthetic phase of the cell cycle.

老年人移动触屏人机交互操作影响因素研究

目的研究人机交互因素对老年人移动触屏交互操作绩效和用户感知的影响。方法采用组内组间混合设计的人因学实验,测试了40名受试者(老年和青年人各半)在三种键盘大小(半屏,3/4屏,全屏)、四种按键形状(正方形,0.618:1矩形,圆形,无形状)、两种手持姿势(单手操作,双手操作)及两种设备类型(智能手机,平板电脑)多因素交互下完成基础人机界面交互任务的操作绩效和用户体验感知水平。采用重复测量的方差分析处理实验数据。结果老年人操作绩效低于青年人操作绩效。随着键盘大小的增加,老年人操作绩效显著提高。全屏大小及双手操作下老年人操作绩效最佳。按键形状、手持姿势和设备类型对任务操作绩效和主观感知疲劳度有显著影响,键盘大小和按键形状、按键形状与手持姿势有显著交互作用。正方形按键获得最高用户偏好。结论实验结果为老年人移动触屏的界面设计和人机交互操作提供了参考依据。

艾曲泊帕联合不同用药方案治疗成人原发免疫性血小板减少症的疗效与安全性比较

目的 评估艾曲泊帕联合不同用药方案治疗成人原发免疫性血小板减少症(primary immune thrombocytopenia,ITP)的疗效及安全性。方法 根据入排标准,选取2018年1月—2022年12月本院血液内科收治的73例ITP患者作为研究对象进行回顾性分析,其中接受艾曲泊帕的患者为对照组19例,接受艾曲泊帕联合地塞米松治疗的患者39例,接受艾曲泊帕联合重组人血小板生成素(recombinant human thrombopoietin,rhTPO)治疗的患者15例。比较各组患者治疗前后的凝血功能、临床疗效和不良反应事件发生情况。结果 与本组治疗前相比,各组治疗后的血小板显著升高,而凝血酶原时间和活化部分凝血活酶时间均显著降低(P<0.05);艾曲泊帕联合地塞米松组和艾曲泊帕联合rhTPO组的PLT显著高于对照组,而PT和APTT水平均显著低于对照组(P<0.05);对照组总有效率为47.4%(9/19),艾曲泊帕联合地塞米松组总有效率为89.7%(35/39),艾曲泊帕联合rhTPO组总有效率为73.3%(11/15)。联合治疗组有效率均显著高于对照组;艾曲泊帕联合地塞米松组的总有效率显著高于艾曲泊帕联合rhTPO组(P<0.05);各组总不良反应事件发生率的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 与单药相比较,艾曲泊帕联合用药的有效性显著提高,安全性没有显著差异,其中艾曲泊帕联合地塞米松有效率显著高于联合rhTOP。

人机交互领域中面向老年群体的对话智能体研究现状综述

对话智能技术以更加便捷、友好、包容的技术优势,被认为是老年人共享数字红利的重要技术手段。然而,老年群体对其接受和使用程度依旧面临着诸多挑战,需要更加全面、系统化地理解和分析。为此,研究旨在综合分析当前面向老年群体的对话智能体设计和研究现状,为之后面向老年群体的对话智能体技术设计和发展提供理论支撑,开展了针对近15年来人机交互领域中面向老年群体的对话智能体文献综述研究,并基于此给出设计建议。

融入经验知识的人智交互方式对老年用户信任体验的影响

[目的/意义]深度老龄化社会下智慧居家养老成为重要趋势,目前人智交互中较差的透明度和可解释性,造成老年人对智能体的技术接受度低,信任体验差的问题。探索应用经验知识的交互控制方式与智能体反馈方式的作用,有助于提升老年用户的使用意愿,为人智交互设计提供新方向。[研究设计/方法]构建人智交互受控实验,采取3(交互控制方式:语音/APP/拉绳)×2(交互反馈方式:平静/活跃)两因素混合实验,共招募三组被试,每组各30名老年人分别观看智能摄像头的2组交互演示视频,用量表度量人智交互的信任体验。[结论/发现]对于智能体隐私回避功能,当经验知识应用于人智交互控制方式能够显著影响老年群体的交互信任体验,拉绳控制的信任程度显著优于语音控制和App控制,上述影响在平静反馈时存在;而活跃反馈时经验知识对信任体验效果的影响受到抑制,且拉绳控制同语音控制之间无显著差异。[创新/价值]聚焦于经验知识在人智交互控制方式中对老年人信任体验的影响,通过受控实验精确度量老年人信任体验,为从信任层面优化用户体验设计提供理论基础,丰富了智能体交互设计的基本准则。

甘南藏族人体组成成分分析

目的揭示甘南藏族人体组成成分特点。方法采用生物电阻抗法,测量了甘南藏族410例成人(男性221,女性189)人体组成成分。运用SPSS 20.0统计学软件对数据进行处理。结果相关分析结果显示,男性总肌肉量、推定骨量、躯干肌肉量随年龄增长而减小,水分率、内脏脂肪等级及躯干脂肪率随年龄增长而增大;女性身高及躯干肌肉量随年龄增长而减小,体重、总体脂率、身体质量指数(BMI)、内脏脂肪等级、右上肢脂肪率、右上肢肌肉量、左上肢脂肪率及左上肢肌肉量、右下肢脂肪率、左下肢脂肪率、左下肢肌肉量及躯干脂肪率随年龄增长而增大。单因素方差分析显示,男性水分率、内脏脂肪等级、躯干脂肪率及躯干肌肉量4项指标值年龄组间差异均具有统计学意义,其余14项指标值年龄组间差异均无统计学意义;女性体重、身高、总体脂率、总肌肉量、推定骨量、BMI、内脏脂肪等级、右上肢脂肪率、右上肢肌肉量、左上肢脂肪率、左上肢肌肉量、右下肢脂肪率、左下肢脂肪率、左下肢肌肉量、躯干脂肪率及躯干肌肉量16项指标值年龄组间差异具有统计学意义,其余2项指标值年龄组间差异均无统计学意义。u检验结果表明,男性体重、总肌肉量、推定骨量、水分率、四肢肌肉量及躯干肌肉量高于女性,女性总体脂率、四肢脂肪率、内脏脂肪率及躯干脂肪率高于男性。根据BMI判定,甘南藏族男性、女性超重;根据体脂肪率,甘南藏族男性属于非肥胖,女性属于肥胖。结论在13个族群中,甘南藏族男性、女性BMI、总体脂率较大。

呼吸道合胞病毒、人偏肺病毒和流感病毒的感染特点分析及成人感染住院的相关因素分析

目的比较呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、人偏肺病毒(hMPV)和流感感染特点并分析成人感染住院的相关因素。方法收集2021年1月-2023年1月在流感/RSV/hMPV流行季节期间住院治疗的急性呼吸道感染的成年患者共202例,其中流感组104例,RSV组68例,MPV30例。比较三组的临床感染特征,并使用Logistics回归分析成人感染住院的相关危险因素。结果与流感患者相比,RSV和hMPV患者有更多的潜在风险因素,包括年龄大于65岁,合并症如心脏疾病、肾脏疾病、COPD更多。RSV患者住院前出现症状的时间最长,住院时间最长,入住重症监护室的比例最高,住院期间接受氧气补充的概率更高。多因素Logistics回归分析显示年龄≥65岁(调整OR=3.19,95%CI=1.44~4.17,P=0.034)、合并慢性心脏疾病(调整OR=2.01,95%CI=1.98~5.42,P=0.012)、合并慢性肾脏疾病(调整OR=2.12,95%CI=1.45~4.34,P=0.001)、合并COPD(调整OR=2.26,95%CI=0.78~3.23,P=0.122)、重度COPD(调整OR=1.85,95%CI=1.21~2.93,P=0.016)、治疗时出现COPD加重(整调OR=1.87,95%CI=1.46~5.32,P=0.015)、出现败血症(调整OR=2.12,95%CI=0.93~4.87,P=0.001)为成人住院的危险因素。结论虽然流感的发病率更高,但在住院成人中,RSV和hMPV的潜在风险因素更多,住院时间更长,这表明需要采取有效的干预措施。与流感、RSV、hMPV成人患者住院相关的危险因素为年龄≥65岁,患者合并慢性心脏疾病、慢性肾脏疾病、重度COPD,治疗时COPD加重、出现败血症。

单用促性腺激素释放激素类似物及联合重组人生长激素治疗对月经初潮后特发性中枢性性早熟女童身高的影响

目的探讨促性腺激素释放激素类似物(GnRHa)联合重组人生长激素(rhGH),单用GnRHa治疗对有月经初潮的特发性中枢性性早熟(ICPP)女童身高的影响。方法回顾性分析2014年1月至2020年12月于徐州医科大学附属徐州儿童医院儿童生长发育门诊就诊76例有月经初潮的ICPP女童为研究对象,根据治疗方案分为治疗对照组(n=22),单用GnRHa治疗组(n=22)和GnRHa联合rhGH治疗组(n=32),随访观察至接近成年终身高(near final adult height,NFAH),比较三组病儿NFAH、身高净生长(ΔHt)、遗传增高(NFAH-遗传身高)。结果对照组、GnRHa组、联合用药组三组就诊基线身高、体质量、身体质量指数(BMI)、骨龄、遗传靶身高差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),随访NFAH分别(158.27±3.63)cm、(159.61±3.91)cm、(162.61±3.34)cm,ΔHt分别(12.66±3.54)cm、(13.49±3.06)cm、(16.79±3.17)cm,遗传增高分别(−2.32±3.82)cm、(0.16±3.46)cm、(3.52±4.62)cm,三组间均差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中联合用药组与GnRHa组、对照组比较均差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);GnRHa组和对照组在遗传增高方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),在NFAH、ΔHt方面比较均差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论对已有月经初潮的ICPP女孩,GnRHa联合rhGH治疗,可改善NFAH,但需权衡治疗成本及身高获益,临床应谨慎推荐,单用GnRHa治疗不改善NFAH,可改善遗传增高。

Comparison of phenotypic markers and neural differentiation potential of multipotent adult progenitor cells and mesenchymal stem cells

AIM: To compare the phenotypic and neural differentiation potential of human bone marrow derived multipotent adult progenitor cells (MAPC) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). METHODS: Cultures of MAPC and MSC were established in parallel from same samples of human bone marrow (n = 5). Both stem cell types were evaluated for expression of pluripotency markers including Oct-4 and Nanog by immunocytochemistry and reversetranscription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and expression of standard mesenchymal markers including CD14, CD34, CD44, CD45, CD73, CD90, CD105 andhuman leukocyte antigen (HLA)-ABC by flow cytometry. After treatment with neural induction medium both MAPC and MSC were evaluated for expression of neural proteins [neuronal filament-200 (NF-200) and glial fibrillar acidic protein (GFAP)] by immunocytochemistry and Western blotting and neural genes [NF-200, GFAP, Tau, microtubule-associated protein (MAP)-1B, MAP-2, neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and oligodendrocyte-1 (Olig-1)] by quantitative real-time-PCR. RESULTS: MAPC had small trigonal shaped while MSC had elongated spindle-shaped morphology. The MAPC expressed Oct-4 and Nanog both at gene and protein levels, whereas MSC were negative for these pluripotent markers. MAPC were negative for HLA-ABC while MSC had high expression of HLA-ABC. In addition, MAPC as compared to MSC had significantly lower expression of CD44 (36.56% ± 1.92% vs 98.23% ± 0.51%), CD73 (15.11% ± 2.24% vs 98.53% ± 2.22%) and CD105 (13.81% ± 3.82%vs 95.12% ± 5.65%) (P < 0.001, for all) MAPC cultures compared to MSC cultures treated with neural induction medium had significantly higher fold change expression of NF-200 (0.64), GFAP (0.52), Tau (0.59), MAP-2 (0.72), Olig-1 (0.18) and NSE (0.29) proteins (P < 0.01 for Olig-1 and P < 0.001 for rest) as well as higher fold change expression of genes of NF-200 (1.34),GFAP (1.12),Tau (1.08),MAP-1B (0.92), MAP-2 (1.14) andNSE (0.4) (P < 0.001 for all). CONCLUSION: MAPC can be differentially characterized from MSC as Oct-4 and Nanog positive stem cells with no expression of HLA-ABC and low expression of mesenchymal markers CD44, CD73 and CD105 and when compared to MSC they possess greater predilection for differentiation into neuro-ectodermal lineage.

Eye Blink Responses to the Four Basic Taste Stimuli in Healthy Young Humans

Taste stimuli can elicit facial responses, and the facial responses may be useful indexes of taste sensations. In this study, we propose that eye blinking is also elicited by taste stimuli and we examined eye blink responses in six healthy young adults. Low and high concentration solutions of the four basic taste qualities (sweetness, saltiness, sourness, and bitterness) and distilled water were delivered via a silicone tube. Facial responses were recorded by a video camera and eye blink responses were identified. The number of eye blinks in the 5 s following stimulation, and the latency and duration of the first eye blink, were quantified. High concentrations of sour and bitter solutions increased the number of eye blinks (195% and 227%, respectively;P P

非接触共培养体系下抑制ARPE-19中CAMKⅡ表达对HUVECs迁移和侵袭及管腔形成的影响

目的:探讨非接触共培养体系下抑制人视网膜色素上皮细胞(ARPE)中Ca2+/钙调蛋白依赖性蛋白激酶Ⅱ(CAMKⅡ)表达对人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVECs)迁移、侵袭、管腔形成的影响。方法:将过表达CAMKⅡ-δ的ARPE-19样本进行RNA测序,应用生物信息学分析差异基因参与的功能。使用transwell小室构建ARPE-19和HUVECs非接触共培养体系,根据实验干预措施分为:空白组:仅接种未共培养的HUVECs,无ARPE-19细胞;对照组:ARPE-19和HUVECs细胞均使用完全培养基进行共培养;AIP组(CAMKⅡ抑制组):ARPE-19使用含有AIP(160 nmol/L)的完全培养基,HUVECs使用完全培养基,进行共培养。检测HUVECs迁移、侵袭和管腔形成能力的变化,并通过Western blotting检测CAMKⅡ/AMPK/mTOR/VEGFA蛋白表达水平。结果:生信分析发现差异基因参与细胞生长与死亡和细胞运动等生物学过程。划痕和transwell迁移实验均表明AIP组的HUVECs相对迁移率均明显低于对照组(均P<0.05)。而侵袭和小管形成实验表明,AIP组的相对侵袭率和相对管腔形成率较对照组无明显改变(均P>0.05)。Western blotting结果表明AIP组CAMKⅡ、P-mTOR、VEGFA蛋白表达较对照组均明显下调,而P-AMPK蛋白表达较明显上调(均P<0.05)。结论:在非接触共培养体系下抑制ARPE-19细胞中CAMKⅡ表达可以显著降低HUVECs迁移能力,但不能改变侵袭和管腔形成能力,这可能是通过AMPK/mTOR/VEGFA信号通路实现的。

Protection of the Human Rights of Those Under Guardianship in the General Provisions of the Civil Law

Based on the guardianship system in the General Principles of the Civil Law, the General Provisions of the Civil Law establish the three concepts of respecting the true will of the ward, benefiting the ward to the greatest extent, and moderate intervention of public power in guardianship. The three concepts are embodied in the specific provisions of the guardianship system, highlighting respect for and protection of human rights under the spirit of the Constitution as well as the human rights concept of protecting the interests of this vulnerable group, improving the scope of protecting the human rights of minors, the disabled and the elderly in the Chinese guardianship system. The General Provisions of the Civil Law expand the functions and types of the guardianship system, enrich and perfect the guardianship system for minors, and clearly stipulate the conditions and means for disqualifying guardians, and arranging temporary custody and state custody. They expand the scope of guardianship for minors, respond to the reality of increasing guardianship needs and the aging of Chinese society, dovetail with the international community’s concept of respecting and safeguarding the rights of the elderly and adults with disabilities, and reflect the law moving with the times. The Specific Provisions on Marriage and Family under the General Provisions of the Civil Law now being compiled should refine and enrich the guardianship system under the framework of the guardianship system in the General Provisions, so that they become the rules of conduct that is practically feasible and enforceable in judgments.

人与成年猕猴全颈椎有限元模型建立及有效性验证的对比

背景:猕猴颈椎与人类颈椎具有高度相似性,无论颈椎数量还是椎骨解剖结构,尤其是均具有颈椎所特有结构——钩椎关节,因此可以作为理想的动物实验模型,但关于二者间的力学对比研究则鲜有报道。目的:建立成人颈椎与成年猕猴颈椎的有限元模型,围绕钩椎关节的受力特点利用有限元分析手段比较二者间在6种工况下的应力与位移变化特点,为临床椎体置换等提供理论依据。方法:选取1例40岁成人志愿者和1只7岁龄的成年雄性猕猴,分别进行螺旋CT薄层扫描,将原始颈椎CT数据导入Mimics 21.0中初步建立三维模型,通过颈椎各节段、椎间盘、韧带等模型优化、赋值、装配组织网格,最后利用Abaqus构建颈椎有限元模型,分别对模型加载75 N附加载荷和1 N·m外力偶矩,在前屈、后伸、左右侧屈和左右旋转6种工况下进行力学对比分析,以发现二者间的力学变化趋势和差异。结果与结论:①人和猕猴颈椎均具备颈椎特有的结构——钩椎关节,通过有限元建模比较发现二者间钩椎关节应力变化和位移变化走势基本一致,应力和位移集中点均在C5处,人和猕猴间比较差异有显著性意义;②但猕猴仍可作为临床颈椎动物模型的最佳备选动物,为临床人工颈椎椎体置换等方面提供理论依据。

金振口服液对人冠状病毒肺炎热毒疫幼龄小鼠模型的干预机制

目的研究金振口服液对人冠状病毒肺炎热毒疫幼龄小鼠模型的干预作用。方法ICR小鼠,分为空白组,人冠状病毒229E(HCoV-229E)感染组,中医热证组,人冠状病毒肺炎热毒疫小鼠模型组,磷酸氯喹组,连花清瘟组及金振口服液高、中、低剂量组(30、15和7.5 mL·kg^(-1)·d^(-1),相当于生药8、4和2 g·kg^(-1)·d^(-1)),每组10只,采用热湿环境复合HCoV-229E感染造模及给药。观察小鼠的肺指数和抑制率,肺组织核酸,ELISA法检测小鼠肺组织因子IL-1β、MDA及下丘脑因子PGE2、CAMP,流式细胞术检测小鼠外周血免疫细胞比例。结果金振口服液中剂量组可显著降低模型小鼠肺指数(P<0.01),肺指数抑制率为43.93%;金振口服液高、中剂量组可显著降低模型小鼠肺组织病毒载量、IL-1β含量(P<0.05,P<0.01)、中剂量组可显著降低模型小鼠MDA水平(P<0.01);金振口服液3个剂量组可显著降低模型小鼠下丘脑中PGE2、CAMP的生成(P<0.05,P<0.01);对外周血免疫细胞百分比无显著影响。结论金振口服液可明显改善人冠状病毒肺炎热毒疫幼龄小鼠的免疫功能,表现为通过抑制肺组织中炎性细胞因子表达而缓解肺部炎性损伤,可显著降低模型小鼠肺指数和病毒载量,同时可下调体温调节中枢因子的表达,对模型小鼠的肺部炎症起到干预作用。

Transition to adulthood: A critical role for exercise in building overall well-being

A growing number of multidisciplinary studies have reported the beneficial effects of physical activities towards the development of overall well-being and the reduction of chronic illnesses. Physical inactivity is a serious worldwide problem and is considered the key lifestyle factor that negatively influences health and function of individuals. Here we propose that growth kinetics of body and mind and associated disproportionate physical activity may have considerable effects on the increased physical and mental illnesses and premature death rates currently observed in mid to late adulthood people. Children and young adults, being in exponential growth phase and self-motivated to engage in physical activity, possess more cognition, resilience, and mind-body-emotion-spirit integration. In contrast, as our body transitions into adulthood, there is a decline in the growth of body and mind. Furthermore, in this period, adults experience the increased stressors of career and financial demands, time pressure, and family responsibilities. The decline in growth combined with prolonged stress appears to result in reduced cognition, resilience, and mind-body-emotion-spirit integration, leading to sedentary and other faulty lifestyles, which could further lead to a predisposition to maladaptive behaviours and various chronic diseases at a later stage. In agreement with this, currently more than two thirds of the adult population across the world are physically inactive and are failing to perform the daily recommended guidelines of moderate to vigorous exercise. As negative changes and faulty lifestyles begin to occur during and after adulthood transition, creating awareness in people between 29 to 35 years of age about mindful exercise should be considered a national priority. This would allow adults to achieve overall well-being, and increased productivity and life expectancy, reducing health care-associated economic burden placed on the nation.

Growth-Promoting Effect of Recombinant Human Growth Hormone and Stanozolol in Girls with Turner Syndrome

Summary: Ten girls with Turner syndrome were treated with a combination therapy of recombinant human growth hormone (R hGH) and low dose stanozolol for a period of 8 to 36 months. The results showed that when compared with the growth rate before the treatment, the growth rates after treatment with R hGH and stanozolol showed a sustained increase, reaching 9.0±1.9 cm/year during the first year of treatment; the height age increase by 2.5±0.8 years while the bone age increase were 1.0±0.7 years; and the predicted final adult height at the end of the first year of the treatment increased to 149.4±6.1 cm compared to their original mean of 142.8±4.2 cm. We are led to conclude that therapy with R hGH in combination with stanozolol can increase the growth velocity and significantly increase the predicted adult height of children with Turner syndrome.