On the generation of high-quality Nyquist pulses in mode-locked fiber lasers

Nyquist pulses have wide applications in many areas,from electronics to optics.Mode-locked lasers are ideal platforms to generate such pulses.However,how to generate high-quality Nyquist pulses in mode-locked lasers remains elusive.We address this problem by managing different physical effects in mode-locked fiber lasers through extensive numerical simulations.We find that net dispersion,linear loss,gain and filter shaping can affect the quality of Nyquist pulses significantly.We also demonstrate that Nyquist pulses experience similariton shaping due to the nonlinear attractor effect in the gain medium.Our work may contribute to the design of Nyquist pulse sources and enrich the understanding of pulse shaping dynamics in mode-locked lasers.

Dissipative soliton resonance within different dispersion regimes in a single mode-locked laser

Dissipative soliton resonance(DSR) was previously studied in separated mode-locked fiber lasers within different dispersion regimes including anomalous, near-zero and normal dispersion. Here we propose a method to study DSR in a single mode-locked laser in these different dispersion regimes. This is achieved by virtue of a waveshaper which can control the laser dispersion readily using software, avoiding the usual tedious cutback method. We find that dispersion has a negligible effect on DSR since the pulse duration keeps constant while dispersion is varied. Moreover, we examine the dynamics of DSR on the parameters of the SA including modulation depth and saturation power, and find that the pulse duration can be changed in a large range when the saturation power is decreased. Our numerical simulations could be important to guide relative experimental studies.

Phase-locked single-mode terahertz quantum cascade lasers array

We demonstrated a scheme of phase-locked terahertz quantum cascade lasers(THz QCLs)array,with a single-mode pulse power of 108 mW at 13 K.The device utilizes a Talbot cavity to achieve phase locking among five ridge lasers with first-order buried distributed feedback(DFB)grating,resulting in nearly five times amplification of the single-mode power.Due to the optimum length of Talbot cavity depends on wavelength,the combination of Talbot cavity with the DFB grating leads to better power amplification than the combination with multimode Fabry-Perot(F-P)cavities.The Talbot cavity facet reflects light back to the ridge array direction and achieves self-imaging in the array,enabling phase-locked operation of ridges.We set the spacing between adjacent elements to be 220μm,much larger than the free-space wavelength,ensuring the operation of the fundamental supermode throughout the laser's dynamic range and obtaining a high-brightness far-field distribution.This scheme provides a new approach for enhancing the single-mode power of THz QCLs.

A novel dual-channel thermo-optic locking method for the whispering gallery mode microresonator

Mode locking can be effectively achieved by using the thermo-optic effects in the whispering gallery mode(WGM)optical microcavity,without the help of external equipment.Therefore,it has the advantages of small size,low integration costs,and self-locking,which shows great potential for application.However,the conventional single-channel microcavity thermal-locking method that relies solely on internal thermal balance will inevitably be disturbed by the external environment.This limitation affects the locking time and stability.Therefore,in this paper,we propose a new method for closed-loop thermal locking of a dual-channel microcavity.The thermal locking of the signal laser and the thermal regulation of the control laser are carried out respectively by synchronously drawing a dual-path tapered fiber.The theoretical model of the thermal dynamics of the dual-channel microcavity system is established,and the influence of the control-laser power on the thermal locking of the signal laser is confirmed.The deviation between the locking voltage of the signal laser and the set point value is used as a closed-loop feedback parameter to achieve long-term and highly stable mode locking of the signal laser.The results show that in the 2.63 h thermal-locking test,the locking stability is an order of magnitude higher than that of the single tapered fiber.This solution addresses the issue of thermal locking being disrupted by the external environment,and offers new possibilities for important applications such as spectroscopy and micro-optical sensor devices.

Early Treatment Outcome of Humeral Shaft Fracture Non-Union in Adults: Comparative Study of Plating versus Interlocking Nailing

Background: Fractures of humeral shaft in adults are common injuries. Humeral shafts non-union either from late presentation after initial treatment by traditional bone setters or failed non-operative orthodox care is a major problem in this part of the world. This non-union is a major treatment challenge with increased cost of care and morbidity in this part of the world. Humeral shaft non-union can be treated with locked intra-medullary nailing (LIMN) or dynamic compression plating (DCP). Study on comparison of these methods of fixation in this part of the world is scarce in literature search, hence the reason for this study. Objective: The objectives of this study are: (1) to compare early clinical outcome following fixation of humeral shaft fracture nonunion with DCP versus LIMN;(2) to compare the time of radiologic fracture union of DCP with LIMN;(3) to compare complications following fixation of humeral shaft fracture nonunion with DCP versus LIMN. Patients and Methods: This was a randomized control study done for 2 years in which fifty adult patients with humeral shaft non-union were recruited. The patients were grouped into 2 (P = DCP & N = LIMN). Forty five of the patients completed the follow up periods of the study and then analyzed. The P group had ORIF with DCP while the N group had ORIF with LIMN. Both groups had grafting with cancellous bones. Each patient was followed up for a period of 6 months at the time which radiographic union is expected. Any patient without clinical and/or radiographic evidence of union after six months of surgery was diagnosed as having recurrent non-union. The data generated was analyzed using SPSS Version 23. The results were presented in charts and tables. The paired t-test was used while considering p value Result: Forty five patients completed follow up. There was a male preponderance (4:1), right humerus predominated (3:2). Motor vehicular accidents were the commonest cause of the fractures (62%). Most non-union fractures occurred at the level of the middle 3rd of the humeral shaft (60%). Failed TBS treatment was the commonest indication for the osteosynthesis (71%). More patients had plating (53%) compared to 47% who had LIMN. Most patients (93.4%) had union between 3 to 6 months irrespective of fixation type with no significant statistical difference between the union rate of DCP and LIMN (p value 0.06) with similar functional outcome and complication rates irrespective of the type of fixation. Conclusion: This study showed that the success rates in term of fracture union, outcome functional grades and complication rates were not directly dependent on the types of the fixation: plating or locked intra-medullary nailing.

Fast-Lock Low-Jitter PLL with a Simple Phase-Frequency Detector

A fast-locking, low-jitter, phase-locked loop （PLL） with a simple phase-frequency detector is proposed. The phase-frequency detector is composed of only two XOR gates. It simultaneously achieves low jitter and short locking time. The voltage-controlled oscillator within the PLL consists of four-stage ring oscillators which are coupled to each other and oscillate with the same frequency and a phase shift of 45. The PLL is fabricated in 0. 1Stem CMOS technology. The measured phase noise of the PLL output at 500kHz offset from the 5GHz center frequency is - 102.6dBc/Hz. The circuit exhibits a capture range of 280MHz and a low RMS jitter of 2.06ps. The power dissipation excluding the output buffers is only 21.6roW at a 1.8V supply.

Unlocking Cellular Mysteries:Advancements in Single-Cell Omics Analysis with Genome-Scale Metabolic Modeling

The widespread applications of single-cell technologies have generated a large amount of single-cell data,resulting in a growing need for single-cell data analysis and interpretation methods.While methods such as machine learning allow for single-cell data analysis,they cannot interpret the data very well.

2.5Gb/s 0.18μm CMOS Clock and Data Recovery Circuit

A 2.5Gb/s clock and data recovery （CDR） circuit is designed and realized in TSMC＇s standard 0.18/μm CMOS process. The clock recovery is based on a PLL. For phase noise optimization,a dynamic phase and frequency detector （PFD） is used in the PLL. The rms jitter of the recovered 2.5GHz clock is 2.4ps and the SSB phase noise is - 111dBc/Hz at 10kHz offset. The rms jitter of the recovered 2.5Gb/s data is 3.3ps. The power consumption is 120mW.

Construction monitoring of lock head base plate using distributed optical fibre sensing technique

The concrete hydration heat release process of the base plate is monitored using Roman optical time domain reflectometry（ROTDR） sensing sensors. The monitoring data shows that the internal maximum temperature of the base plate is about 54 ℃ after the concrete was cured for 120 h. The fiber Bragg grating （FBG） temperature sensors are adopted to measure the surface temperature of the concrete and the temperature results are used to compensate the data measured by the pulse-prepump Brillouin optical time-domain analyzer （PPP-BOTDA） to obtain the real concrete surface strain of the base plate. The monitoring data is analyzed to obtain a clear understanding of the strain state of the base plate under the effect of concrete hydration heat release. The monitoring results demonstrate the potential of distributed optical fibre sensing techniques as a powerful tool in real-time construction monitoring, and also provide an important insight into the design, construction and maintenance of large hydraulic structures.

Lock-up装置在连续梁桥上的减震性能研究

以某客运专线上大跨连续梁桥为实际工程背景,研究了Lock-up装置对结构纵向抗震性能的影响。根据Lock-up装置在地震作用下具有反复锁止的受力特点,采用非线性时程分析方法,分析了锁止速度对结构减震性能的影响。结果表明:对于大跨连续梁桥,Lock-up装置能够充分发挥活动墩的抗震承载能力,有效地提高桥梁结构整体抗震性能。当锁止速度较小时,Lock-up装置可以采用大刚度连杆模拟,并假定其始终处于完全锁定状态。但当锁止速度较高时,应考虑Lock-up装置反复锁止的实际工作特点,否则应用上述计算方法所得的结果偏于不安全。

克服“Locking”发散性的有限元研究进展

从克服Ｌｏｃｋｉｎｇ发散性到高性能格式的研究发展是过去十年有限元法研究的一个重要方面．本文认为所谓高性能有限元方法是一种特别的低阶位移格式，它具有如下的理论和计算优点：（１）保持物理力学问题固有的数学物理特征；（２）因此，应用于工程数值模拟，它是“鲁棒”的、高效的．按此立场，评论介绍了在计算结构力学和计算流体力学中发展的克服两类Ｌｏｃｋｉｎｇ发散性的有限元方法．

Lock-up装置的作用机理与分析模型

为探讨Lock-up装置的分析模型,介绍了其构造、阐述了其作用机理,给出了Lock-up装置阻尼力的力学模型并提出了相应的数值模拟方法。基于某铁路桥梁,建立全桥有限空间模型,采用文中提出的模拟方法进行了Lock-up装置的减震性能分析,通过与常用的刚性连杆或主从约束模拟方法的比较,明确了刚性连杆模拟方法的适用条件。结果表明,Lock-up装置的地震作用过程比较复杂,当Lock-up装置能够激发出极大的阻尼力时,文中的模拟方法与常用的刚性连杆或主从约束模拟方法结果非常接近,通常情况按刚性连杆或主从约束模拟方法得到的结果偏大。

Hem-o-lock夹在腹膜后腹腔镜下肾盂旁囊肿去顶术中的疗效评估

目的:探讨Hem-o-lock夹在后腹腔镜肾盂旁囊肿去顶术中的疗效。方法:7例肾盂旁囊肿患者行后腹腔镜肾盂旁囊肿去顶+囊壁两侧各夹Hem-o-lock一枚。结果:7例手术均成功;手术时间平均60min;术中出血量平均30ml;术后住院时间平均4.2d;7例术后随访6～24个月,均无复发。结论:后腹腔镜肾盂旁囊肿去顶+囊壁两侧各夹Hem-o-lock一枚可有效减少肾盂囊肿复发,且手术操作安全简单。

粘滞阻尼器和Lock-up装置在连续梁桥抗震中应用

近年来,我国逐渐在一些桥梁结构中使用了可提高结构抗震性能的减隔震装置,如隔震支座、阻尼器(地震响应校正装置)等。对应用较广的粘滞阻尼器和Lock-up装置的工作机理进行了介绍,对其在连续梁桥抗震中的应用进行了研究,通过实际桥例探讨了两种装置对连续梁桥抗震性能改进的有效性,并对其实用的局限性也进行了分析。研究的结果可供桥梁工程设计人员和科研人员参考。

基于NordLock楔锁原理的双螺母滚珠丝杠副的创新设计与性能分析

针对国产滚珠丝杠副常常出现的因加工误差、滚道磨损等因素导致的预紧力丧失的难题,将NordLock楔锁特征应用于滚珠丝杠副的结构设计中,提出了一种新型预紧滚珠丝杠副。该预紧机构由左、右两个楔锁垫片组成,使双螺母与丝杠轴产生相对位移,从而产生轴向预紧力;同时,两垫片的楔锁效应使得预紧力大小保持不变。根据楔锁效应和滚珠丝杠副的结构参数,确定了楔形预紧垫片的关键结构参数。应用SolidWorks建立了三维几何模型,应用Ansys有限元软件对新型滚珠丝杠副进行了瞬态动力学分析和模态分析。结果表明,这种新型结构能够有效地实现自我预紧,有望成为一种具有良好应用前景的高可靠性、长寿命的滚珠丝杠副。

GaAs光导开关lock-on模式的高倍增偶极畴模型

采用瞬态电脉冲测试电路,对砷化镓(GaAs)光导开关线性与锁定(lock-on)工作模式的临界状态进行了系统的实验测试,得到阈值条件附近波形变化情况及lock-on模式下电压转换效率显著提高现象。根据实验测试结果,提出了高倍增偶极畴模型,并结合载流子雪崩倍增理论,对实验观察到的若干临界实验现象进行了合理的解释。

Design and Analysis of Electro-mechanical Hybrid Anti-lock Braking System for Hybrid Electric Vehicle Utilizing Motor Regenerative Braking

Braking on low adhesion-coefficient roads, hybrid electric vehicle＇s motor regenerative torque is switched off to safeguard the normal anti-lock braking system （ABS） fimction. When the ABS control is terminated, the motor regenerative braking is readmitted. Aiming at avoiding permanent cycles from hydraulic anti-lock braking to motor regenerative braking, a novel electro-mechanical hybrid anti-lock braking system using fuzzy logic is designed. Different from the traditional single control structure, this system has a two-layered hierarchical structure, The first layer is responsible for harmonious adjustment or interaction between regenerative system and anti-lock braking system. The second layer is responsible for braking torque distribution and adjustment. The closed-loop simulation model is built. Control strategy and method for coordination between regenerative and anti-lock braking are developed. Simulation braking on low adhesion-coefficient roads with fuzzy logic control and real vehicle braking field test are presented. The results from simulating analysis and experiment show braking performance of the vehicle is perfect, harmonious coordination between regenerative and anti-lock braking function, significant amount of braking energy can be recovered and the proposed control strategy and method are effective.

Lock Free技术及其应用研究

多线程环境下,线程同步伴随着多线程的产生而产生,程序员对于共享内存互斥同步访问的思维已经根深蒂固。由于锁的存在,当访问互斥锁保护的共享内存时,线程首先请求锁的允许,然后才被接受访问共享内存,否则只能等待其它线程释放锁,同时锁也带来了很多负面影响。Lock Free一个崭新的多线程共享内存的同步访问技术,抛开了锁的概念,多线程平行运行,尤其是在多核时代更显优势。但Lock Free技术应用技巧性很强,难度比较大,应用范围一直非常受限,本文旨在揭示Lock Free技术应用的一般规律,使其在多核时代大放异彩。

一个二阶收敛的平面弹性问题Locking-free三角形元

对于纯位移平面弹性问题,以往构造的单元的能量模误差多是一阶收敛的,本文在不完全三次多项式空间中,基于divv∈P1的限制构造了一个14自由度的非协调三角形单元,该单元是Locking-free的,且能量模和L2―模误差分别达到了二阶和三阶收敛,并且通过数值实验验证了该单元的理论结果。

平面弹性的一个新的Locking-free非协调有限元

针对平面弹性问题构造了一个Locking-free的矩形非协调有限元,并证明该有限元格式关于λ有一致最优收敛阶,其离散误差的能量模为O(h2),L2模为O(h3).最后给出了数值实验对理论结果进行了验证.