Postmodernism and Mass Media

Postmodernism is defined firstly on the analysis of both the divergence and correlation among the concepts of modernism,modernity and postmodernity.Mass media is chosen as a study case because postmodernism can find a complete reflection in it while the development of mass media will consolidate the postmodern thought.They're interweaving in many ways.

Modernism in Europe and in China,taking Lukcs Brecht and Lu Xun as examples

Lukcs argues that modernist writers are preoccupied with formal experiment and fails to see their literary merits.Brecht criticizes Lukcs for not paying attention to class struggle and rejects the kind of formal unity admired by Lukcs.Lu Xun,like Brecht,insisted on the class nature of literature,emphasizing the fighting function of literature in a time when the nation was faced with Japanese invasion.

The Pathologies of Modernity:Liberalism,Nihilism,Conservatism,Postmodernism,Intersectionality/Identity Politics,and Secular Humanism

In this article,Mocombe highlights what he calls the pathological-pathogenic purposive-rationalities(liberalism,nihilism,conservatism,postmodernism,intersectionality/identity politics,and secular humanism)that emerge out of modernity as constituted by the West under American hegemony.In the place of these pathological-pathogenic responses to the vagaries of modernity,Mocombe calls for an antihumanism,associated with what he calls libertarian communism,as a panacea to the aforementioned malaises.

Woman, Fiction and Modernism:Virginia Woolf and Modernist Fiction

As an outstanding modernist female writer in the early twentieth century, Virginia Woolf appeals for women's liberation in literary productions. Focusing on her most significant feminist criticism A Room of One's Own, especially on the argument "It is useless to go to the great men writers for help . . . a man's sentence . . . was unsuited for a woman's use", this essay attempts to explore how Woolf searches for language and literary forms more suited for women writers in patriarchal society, and in what ways modernist language and literary form have been shaped by the motives for innovation in Woolf's works. Shaping and being shaped by the trend of modernism, Woolf's assertion of androgynous mind and her unique stream-of-consciousness techniques make contribution to modernist female writing.

Hart Crane:A Romantic Poet of the Complex Genre of High Modernism

For many decades Herold Hart Crane,an American poet,who played a very important role in the development of Modern American Literature in the early decades of 20th century,had been considered as a romantic poet by many critics for his romantic verses.His poetries are considered not only the reflection of the contemporary social phenomenon,ideology,and thoughts,rather they are prophetic.On the other hand,in the early decades of 20th century,in American society,modernism marked a simultaneous movement which tremendously affected the emergence of new values in field of politics,economy,lifestyle,literature,and literary thoughts.The influence of rapid industrializations and the First World War not only changed the philosophy of human life,but also changed the writing style of the contemporary American writers.The new crowded urban life,which is a result of rapid industrializations,and the fear of war made the human being selfish.Humans lost his romantic attitudes towards the literature.A complexity emerged.Hart Crane also could not avoid this complexity.If we study his life style,philosophy of life,and poetic diction,we will surely confine his intelligence not between romanticism and modernism separately.Rather,we can call him a Modernist Romantic poet.In short,Crane can be declared as a romantic poet of the complex genre of high modernism.

Transformations of the Orientalist Agenda in Israeli Modernism(1920s-1970s)

The purpose of the article is to review the dynamics of the Orientalist agenda in Israeli modernism from the 1920s to the 1970s as the establishment of sign-object relations(semiosis)in the national art and music.The article considers,as a key issue,the phenomenon,which was not explicitly voiced as such,but was present at a conscious level in the artistic palette of the first and second generation of Israeli artists and composers.This refers to rather Eastern than Jewish narratives(or at least the delicate balance between them)in Israeli visual art and music created over the decades following World War I and up to the postmodern era.The main milestones in this process are reviewed based on the analysis of several selected artifacts.The scope of the topic begins with artists’acquaintance with the local motif and proceeds to the work with(and conceptualization of)various Eastern,Jewish,and Israeli symbols.

Digital Construction:Architectural Activities of Modernism after a Century

With the development of a series of information technologies such as Internet of things,cloud computing and big data,especially the recent rise and development prospect of 5G technology,digital construction is bound to become an important tributary of the long river of architectural development in the future.The double renewal of the connotation of time and space redefines the architectural system,and the dividing line between human lifestyle,virtual and reality,man and machine,art and science is gradually unclear.Under the big system of digital construction,the basic elements of architecture will be given new content.

Postmodernism and Classical Chinese Philosophy

While over two thousand years apart, Western postmodernism and ancient Chinese philosophy share some extraordinary similarities, especially epistemology wise. For example, they both recognize the role of language in constructing, and limiting, knowledge and reality. This is because thinkers of different cultures and geographical regions, and of different historical periods, can possibly come up with similar philosophical conclusions when addressing what is commonly known as the ＂human condition＂. The paper will discuss, in general terms, some of the philosophical similarities between postmodemism and classical Chinese philosophy; it will also take a close look at three concepts in Chinese philosophy that register strong affinity with Western postmodernism： namely, change, dialectic, and relativism.

The Influence of Post Modernism on Costume Design

With the unprecedented expansion of human knowledge, the wide application of computer and database and the rapid development of science and technology, post modernism ideology has swept the world with hitherto unknown speed, which has a profound influence on the arts and design field in China. With the expansion of post modern design ＂humanization＂ design idea in various design fields, whether in architectural design, industrial design, graphic design or costume design, designers pay a hitherto unknown attention to the emotional understanding and humanized expression of the design content. When the Chinese designers and consumers almost have no clear concept of ＂ post modernism ideology＂ , the rookies in the design competition have already used the post modem design techniques very skillfully, and ordinary people have already worn the costumes of post modernism style to swagger through the streets.

Robert Frost:A Poet from Romanticism to Modernism

Robert Frost's most,especially early wrtitings are about nature things,and describe and comment on a scene or event closely related to the countryside of New England.Most of them carry the beauty of nature and the importance of individual.Gradually,certain elements influence him and his poetry became more and more gloomy and of dark picture of the world,which carries the elements of Modernistic writing.This thesis is attempts to dig deep into the process that his general development from Romaticism to Modernism and how it developed.This thesis gives three main reasons:the First World War,the key figures among Modernists and personal tragedies.However,we can not see superficially the difference clearly in his later poems.In a word,the environment,the people around and personal tragedy can change a person and,if a poet,his poetry too.

Chinoiserie’s Many Chinas in British Modernism:A Book Review on British Modernism and Chinoiserie Edited by Anne Witchard

In 2016 European Romantic Review published a special issue on China in Romantic literature and culture.The four articles in this issue examine China’s impact on such British cultural domains as gardening,periodicals,folktale,and tourism.In his introduction to this issue,Kitson argues that literary studies in the 21st century should renew their attention to China:"With the increasing presence...of China on the global stage,imminently about to assume the status of the world’s lar gest economy,it might now be argued that in the second decade of the twenty-first century our critical focus might be attuned to China and Southeast Asia"(3).

Feminine and Masculine Dimensions of Feminist Thought and Transcultural Modernism in Republican China

This study examines critical essays and imaginative fiction by three key writers of the Republican period： Mao Dun, Ba Jin and Lu Yin. I argue that, while Mao Dun and Ba Jin fuse elements of classical Chinese and modem Western sources so as to create strong heroines and a critique of ＂new men＂ for the purpose of revolutionary cultural and national reform, Lu Yin foregrounds an inward examination of the self, multiple narrative points of view and a dialogical perspective which fuses her protagonists＇ interior consciousness with external reality as well as other characters＇ streams of feeling and thought. My reading of Lu Yin＇s texts reveals that she not only succeeds in bringing communion and solace to her readers but also creates ＂moments of being,＂ markedly similar to Virginia Woolf＇s modernist aesthetics and Walter Benjamin＇s mosaic-like ＂moments of recognition,＂ which allow her characters to perceive ＂wholeness＂ from fragmentary flashes of understanding. These intense moments of awareness enhance Lu Yin＇s dialogic imagination and enable her to create discursive feminine narratives that convey the full complexity of women＇s consciousness while simultaneously resisting the male realist literary discourse and strengthening her feminist-activist agenda in the national public sphere.

The Group Composition of Literary Works by Esoteric Writers in the Modernist Period: A Critical Interruption of Afro-Modernism and Antimodernism|

Like the other“new modernisms”Afro-Modernism does not exist beyond its role as a critical catchword.The readings given to African-American texts of the modernist period have been subjected to reductive treatments that have overlooked many factors.In this paper I will examine an unacknowledged feature of modernist works that radically changes the understanding of many important texts.One assumption of the critics of literary modernism is that individualism is a touchstone of the movement.One sign of the inapplicability of individuality to American modernism is the occurrence of esoteric group composition.The esoteric does not come into consideration by the literary critics who have established Afro-Modernism,so it is not within the scope of those investigations that challenges to individuality have been considered.

Miao Folk Music and the Marginal Modernism of Shen Congwen

Shen Congwen(1902-1988)was a high-profile modern Chinese writer,and one of the most discussed Chinese writers within and outside China.For his whole life,he considered himself a“countryman”,different from his contemporary writers,and he employed his regional background to his advantage.His attention on the Miao ethnic culture in his home region,West Hunan Province,was constant.In the first half of the twentieth century,while the cities of China started to move towards modernity,the Miao people in West Hunan Province remained relatively primitive and marginalized.With his re-imagination and possible over-romanticism of the marginalized Miao culture,Shen became one of the most unique modern Chinese writers.This kind of marginalization in both folk music and literature clashed with modern China’s interest and need to revitalize its society.This paper will argue that,with the application of psychoanalytical and cultural anthropological theories,the folk music of a minority group that was incomprehensible to mainstream modern China exactly brought out the“marginally”modernist quality of Shen Congwen’s literary works.

Nihilism of Taiwan Residents Youth in the 1950s and 1960s： Reinterpreting Modernism and the Left-Wing

This paper presents a comparative analysis on Chen Yingzhen＇s ＂Wo de didi Kangxiong＂ （＂My brother Kangxiong＇） and Wang Shangyi＇s ＂Ye gezi de huanghun＂ （＂Wild pigeon＇s dusk＂） in the cultural-historical context of Taiwan in 1960s, in the aim of exploring the origin of ＂nihilism＂ which had been prevailed among Taiwan youth from 1950s to 196os. Furthermore, the paper reexamines the hidden but intimate relationship between modernism and left-wing intellectuals.

The Will to Allegory and the Origin of Chinese Modernism： Rereading Lu Xun＇s Ah Q--The Real Story

Through a formal analysis of this seminar work of Lu Xun, the author observes that the narrative and dramatic motivation of Ah Q--The Real Story is an intense yet futile search for a proper name and identity within a system of naming and identity-formation as the system, by default, repels the identity-seeking and ＂homecoming＂ effort of the sign in question （＂Ah Q＂）. Based on this observation, the author goes on to argue that the origin of Chinese modernism lies in a highly political awareness of one＇s loss of cultural belonging and thus one＇s collective alienation from the matrix of tradition and indeed existence. Departing from conventional reading of this work, often anchored in sociopolitical interpretations of class, nation, and group psychology centered on the ＂critique of national characteristics＂ discourse, this article maintains that the true ambition and literary energy of Lu Xun＇s masterpiece can only be fully grasped when one confronts this epic cul^tral-political struggle to regain a cultural system＇s power and legitimation to name one＇s own existence and define one＇s own value.

Modernist Non-Events:Disappearing Modernisms in New York and Singapore

A 1942 meeting of T.S.Eliot in a BBC recording studio with George Orwell,alongside several Caribbean and British Indian writers of color,suggests a multicultural vision of high modernism that never quite happened.The exemplary modernism of Eliot's The Waste Land prompted a number of imitations,extensions,and experiments,only some of which made it into subsequent literary history.This paper concerns two modernist nonhappenings,Epistle to Prometheus by Babette Deutsch and F.M.S.R.by Francis P.Ng.Epistle to Prometheus^a book-length poem combining Eliotic modernist ambition and broadly left politics,was suppressed by the author almost immediately after publication for reasons that remain obscure.F.M.S.R.,a long poem in the Eliot tradition addressing a train journey between Singapore and Kuala Lumpur,was completely lost until recently discovered and the author(Teo Poh Leng)identified.The diversity of approaches in these poems shows how,in the postwar years,modernism was retroactively unified,and how many approaches,including some taking Eliot's influences in unusual directions,have been lost to history.

Reinforced concrete in Louis Kahn＇s National Assembly, Dhaka： Modernity and modernism in Bangladeshi architecture

Louis Kahn is often credited with having in his introduced modern architecture to Bangladesh. In construction as any he employed was already in National Assembly in Dhaka （1962-1983） fact at least as technologically advanced use there. Nor was he the first to use a sophisticated abstract esthetic in what was from 1947 to 1971 East Pakistan. The importance and originality of the National Assembly instead resides in the care with which he built in reinforced concrete and the forms into which he required that it be cast. These were esthetic decisions rooted in a particular theoretical position; they were located outside established modernist practice of the time in both South Asia and the United States. Indeed operating at such a great remove from home may have heightened Kahn＇s authority to implement these forms even as it substantially complicated their execution.

Modern pollen-vegetation relationships along altitudinal vegetation belts in the Leigong Mountain of southwestern China

Understanding the distribution,dispersal,and correlation of modern pollen with vegetation in mountainous regions is essential for establishing accurate modern analogs for fossil pollen records.This study,conducted in Leigong Mountain on the YunnanGuizhou Plateau of southwestern China,involved the collection of 35 surface soil samples from diverse vegetation communities along an elevational gradient ranging from 1210 to 1875 meters.The results reveal a close correspondence between modern pollen assemblages and vegetation zones.Principal Component Analysis(PCA)results indicate that pollen assemblages can effectively distinguish between subtropical montane evergreen broad-leaved forest(SEBF)and subtropical montane deciduous broadleaved forest(SDBF).However,both SEBF and SDBF show significant overlap with subtropical montane evergreen-deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest(SEMF).Detrended Correspondence Analysis(DCA)results clearly distinguish the three vegetation zones,and the first axis of DCA shows a significant positive correlation with elevation(p<0.01,R=0.48).Discriminant Analysis(DA)successfully assigns 94.4%of the modern pollen samples to their respective vegetation zones.Pollen taxa such as Impatiens,Astertype,and Rosaceae exhibit significant indicative capabilities for the SEBF zone,effectively distinguishing this vegetation zone from others.Pinus and Alnus display overrepresentation in the Leigong Mountain region,while Quercus(D,deciduous-type)and Poaceae exhibit high representation in the SEBF zone.In the SEBF zone,both pollen diversity and richness are the lowest.Our study reveals the complex relationship between the richness and diversity of pollen and vegetation.The diversity and richness of tree and shrub pollen are found to be lower than those of the corresponding plants.The pollen-vegetation relationship elucidated in this study serves as a critical reference for reconstructing ancient environments from fossil pollen retrieved in this region.