Selective Mapping Scheme for Universal Filtered Multicarrier

The next step in mobile communication technology,known as 5G,is set to go live in a number of countries in the near future.New wireless applica-tions have high data rates and mobility requirements,which have posed a chal-lenge to mobile communication technology researchers and designers.5G systems could benefit from the Universal Filtered Multicarrier(UFMC).UFMC is an alternate waveform to orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing(OFDM),infiltering process is performed for a sub-band of subcarriers rather than the entire band of subcarriers Inter Carrier Interference(ICI)between neighbouring users is reduced via the sub-bandfiltering process,which reduces out-of-band emissions.However,the UFMC system has a high Peak-to-Average Power Ratio(PAPR),which limits its capabilities.Metaheuristic optimization based Selective mapping(SLM)is used in this paper to optimise the UFMC-PAPR.Based on the cognitive behaviour of crows,the research study suggests an innovative metaheuristic opti-mization known as Crow Search Algorithm(CSA)for SLM optimization.Com-pared to the standard UFMC,SLM-UFMC system,and SLM-UFMC with conventional metaheuristic optimization techniques,the suggested technique sig-nificantly reduces PAPR.For the UFMC system,the suggested approach has a very low Bit Error Rate(BER).

A Novel TDD Multicarrier System Using Pre-Equalizer in Downlink

In this paper, a time division duplex (TDD) multicarrier system based on Nyquist filter bank is proposed for wireless broadband communications. In this system a novel two tap pre equalizer is adopted to effectively suppress the inter symbol interference (ISI). Studies show that the system has almost the same frequency spectrum efficiency as the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system. Simulation results show that the proposed system outperforms the conventional OFDM system with one tap ...

Improved reduced-complexity bit and power allocation algorithms for multicarrier systems

Based on the iterative bit-filling procedure, a computationally efficient bit and power allocation algorithm is presented. The algorithm improves the conventional bit-filling algorithms by maintaining only a subset of subcarriers for computation in each iteration, which reduces the complexity without any performance degradation. Moreover, a modified algorithm with even lower complexity is developed, and equal power allocation is introduced as an initial allocation to accelerate its convergence. Simulation results show that the modified algorithm achieves a considerable complexity reduction while causing only a minor drop in performance.

High resolution range profile analysis based on multicarrier phase-coded waveforms of OFDM radar

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing（OFDM） radar with multicarrier phase-coded waveforms has been recently introduced to achieve high range resolution.The conventional method for obtaining the high resolution range profile（HRRP） is based on matched filters.A method of synthesizing HRRP based on the fast Fourier transform（FFT） and decoding is proposed.The mathematical expressions of HRRP are derived by assuming an elementary scenario of point-scattering targets.Based on the characteristic of OFDM multicarrier signals,it mainly analyzes the influence on HRRP exerted by several factors,such as velocity compensation errors,the sampling frequency offset,and so on.The conclusions are significant for the design of the OFDM imaging radar.Finally,the simulation results demonstrate the validity of the conclusions.

Review Article: Multicarrier Communication for Underwater Acoustic Channel

In past decades, there has been a growing interest in the discussion and study of using underwater acoustic channel as the physical layer for communication systems, ranging from point-to-point communications to underwater multicarrier modulation networks. A series of review papers were already available to provide a history of the development of the field until the end of the last decade. In this paper, we attempt to provide an overview of the key developments, both theoretical and applied, in the particular topics regarding multicarrier communication for underwater acoustic communication such as the channel and Doppler shift estimation, video and image transmission throw multicarrier techniques, etc. This paper also includes acoustic propagation properties in seawater and underwater acoustic channel representation.

Study of adaptive modulation and LDPC coding in multicarrier systems

An adaptive modulation （AM） algorithm is proposed and the application of the adapting algorithm together with low-density parity-check （LDPC） codes in multicarrier systems is investigated. The AM algorithm is based on minimizing the average bit error rate （BER） of systems, the combination of AM algorithm and LDPC codes with different code rates （half and three-fourths） are studied. The proposed AM algorithm with that of Fischer et al is compared. Simulation results show that the performance of the proposed AM algorithm is better than that of the Fischer＇s algorithm. The results also show that application of the proposed AM algorithm together with LDPC codes can greatly improve the performance of multicarrier systems. Results also show that the performance of the proposed algorithm is degraded with an increase in code rate when code length is the same.

SINGLE TONE JAMMING ELIMINATION SCHEME OF MULTICARRIER SPREAD SPECTRUM SYSTEM

The proposed scheme is based on Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) domain processing. The key technology of this scheme is jamming parameters' accurate estimation and jamming reconstruction. Compared with the 'threshold exciser' scheme the proposed scheme can eliminate more jamming energy on the whole frequency band with the minimum loss of useful signal energy. As shown in the research and simulation, the proposed scheme is much better than the 'threshold exciser' scheme, especially in the case of high power jamming whereas the 'threshold exciser' scheme might be invalid.

Performance of Multicarrier CDMA Rake System over Rayleigh Fading Channel

Based on the theory of multicarrier(MC) technique and the Rake receiver, a multicarrier DS-CDMA Rake system is proposed, where a data sequence multiplied by a spreading sequence modulates multiple carriers. The receiver provides a Rake for each subcarrier, and the outputs of the Rakes are combined by a maximal-ratio combiner. The average probability of error of the system is derived from an uncorrelated subcarrier and frequency-selective fading channel model. The system performances are evaluated over Rayleigh fading channel with an exponential multipath intensity profile(MIP) and with a rectangular MIP, respectively, when multipath interference is present. It is found that this kind of model has larger superiority in an exponential MIP than in a rectangular MIP.

QUASI-SYNCHRONOUS MULTICARRIER DS-CDMA USING Z-COMPLEMENTARY SEQUENCES

In this paper, a multicarrier DS-CDMA system which employs Z-Complementary Se- quences (ZCS) as spreading code is investigated. The new system can not only eliminate multipath interference and Multiple Access Interference (MAI), but also support flexible number of users com- pared with system using Orthogonal Complementary (OC) codes. Multicarrier DS-CDMA using OC codes can be regarded as a special case of our proposed system. Zero Correlation Zone (ZCZ) of ZCS can be flexibly adjusted to meet the requirements on the user number and maximum multipath and in- ter-user delay, in this way, more users can be supported without losing interference-free property. The effectiveness of the proposed system is validated through theoretical analysis and simulation results.

Equivalent Time-Domain Representation and Uplink Channel Estimator for Multicarrier CDMA Systems

Many blind channel estimation methods have been proposed for direct sequence (DS) code-division multiple access (CDMA) systems, so we can certainly use them to estimate the finite impulse response (FIR) channel for the multi-carrier (MC-) CDMA system. In this paper, the MC-CDMA system is interpreted as an equivalent time-domain DS-CD-MA system with specific spreading codes. Then, an equivalently time-domain blind channel estimator is derived for the uplink MC-CDMA, which is based on second-order statistics of the received data. By exploiting singular value decomposition (SVD) and the finite alphabet property of transmitted symbols, the time-domain channel impulse response (CIR) for the uplink MC-CDMA can be accurately identified. Computer simulations illustrate both the validity and the overall performance of the proposed estimator.

CAPACITY IMPROVEMENT OF MULTICARRIER DS-CDMA SYSTEM WITH ANTENNA ARRAY

An antenna array based base station receiver for multicarrier Direct Sequence Code Division Multiple Access (DS-CDMA) system is proposed. The main advantage of the receiver is that the spatial diversity is achieved by combining signals of array elements. Based on the detailed analysis of multiuser interference and noise characteristics, the performance of the proposed receiver is analyzed. Theoretical analysis shows significant performance improvement in terms of system capacity due to the use of antenna arrays compared with the conventional single antenna multicarrier DS-CDMA approach. Simulation results confirm the theoretical analysis.

Performance of Convolutionally Coded Multicarrier DS-CDMA System

A new convolutionally coded direct sequence (DS) CDMA system is proposed. The outputs of a convolutional encoder modulate multiple band-limited DS-CDMA waveforms. The receiver detects and combines signals for the desired user and feeds a soft-decision Viterbi decoder. The performance of this system is compared to that of a convolutionally coded single carrier DS CDMA system with a Rake receiver. At roughly equivalent receiver complexity, results will demonstrate superior performance of the coded multicarrier system.

BLIND MULTIUSER DETECTION FOR V-BLAST CODED MULTICARRIER CDMA SYSTEM

Focusing on the space-time coded multiuser mobile communication systems in the frequency-selective fading environment, this paper proposes a Vertical Bell labs LAyered Space-Time (V-BLAST) coded Multicarrier Code-Division Multiple-Access (MC-CDMA) scheme and its blind channel identification algorithm. This algorithm employs an ESPRIT-like method and the singular value decomposition, and the channels between every transmit antenna of every user and every receive antenna of the base station are blindly estimated with a closed-form solution. Based on it, an equivalent Minimum Mean-Squared Error (MMSE) time-domain multiuser detector is derived. Moreover, the proposed scheme exploits the precoding in the transmitter in order to eliminate the constraint of more receive antennas than transmit ones, required by most conventional V-BLAST codec schemes. Computer simulation results demonstrate the validity of this proposed scheme.

INTERLEAVING SCHEME FOR MULTICARRIER CDMA SYSTEM

In MultiCarrier Code-Division Multiple-Access (MC-CDMA) system, the received signals scattered in the frequency domain are combined to get frequency diversity gain. However, the frequency diversity gain is limited because of correlation between aubcarriers. A novel interleaving scheme for MC-CDMA system is proposed in this paper. A circular shifting register is introduced into each subcarrier branch to decrease the correlation between subcarriers. By using interleaving, frequency diversity gain of system is increased. System structure and model with interleaver are discussed. In the case of multiple users, Parallel Interference Cancellation (PIC) technique is also introduced. Computer simulations demonstrate the performance of proposed scheme, and the performance comparison of MC-CDMA with interleaver and conventional MC-CDMA system is shown as well.

SUCCESSIVE BEAMFORMING,MULTIUSER DETECTION AND DIVERSITY RECEPTION FOR MULTICARRIER DS-CDMA SYSTEM WITH ANTENNA ARRAY

Code-Division Multiple-Access (CDMA) systems are interference limited,and therefore efficient interference management is necessary to enhance the performance of a CDMA system.In this paper,a successive beamforming (spatial filtering),linear decorrelating MultiUser Detection (MUD, temporal filtering) and diversity reception structure for uplink multicarrier Direct Sequence CDMA (DS-CDMA) system with antenna array are proposed.By beamforming,the antenna array suppresses interference according to the distinct array signature.Subsequently,linear decorrelating MUD is ap- plied to separate the signals of different users and eliminate Multiple Access Interference (MAI).Finally, the decorrelated signals at different subcarriers that belong to the same user are combined to achieve frequency diversity.Simulation results show that the proposed structure offers significant Bit Error Rate (BER) performance improvement by successively exploiting the space-time-frequency processing.

MULTICARRIER DS-CDMA WITH ADAPTIVE MODULATION AND POWER ALLOCATION

Adaptive modulation and power allocation is introduced into the multicarrier DS-CDMA system to improve the system performance and bandwidth efficiency. First, the systemdesign appropriate for adaptive modulation and power allocation is given, then the algorithmof adaptive modulation and power allocation is applied. Simulation results demonstrate greatperformance improvement compared with the fixed modulated one.

Effect of Diversity and Filtering on the Performance of Wavelet Packets Base Multicarrier Multicode CDMA System

In Wavelet Packets Based Multicarrier Multicode CDMA system, the multicode (MCD) part ensures the transmission for high speed and flexible data rate, the multicarrier (MC) part ensures the flexibility of handling multiple data rates, and wavelet packets modulation technique contributes to the mitigation of the interference problems. The CDMA system can suppress a given amount of interference. In this paper, the receiver employs suppression filter (SF) to mitigate the effect of narrow-band jammer interference and diversity techniques to reduce multiple access interference. The framework for the system and the performance evaluation are presented in terms of bit error rate (BER) over a Nakagami fading channel. Also, we investigate how the performance is influenced by various parameters, such as the number of taps of the SF, the ratio of narrow-band interference bandwidth to the spread-spectrum bandwidth, the diversity order, the fading parameter and so on. Finally, the performance of the system is compared with the performance Sinusoidal (Sin) based MC/MCD CDMA system.

Adaptive Power and Bit Allocation in Multicarrier Systems

We present two adaptive power and bit allocation algorithms for multicarrier systems in a frequency selective fading environment. One algorithm allocstes bit based on maximizing the channel capacity, another allocates bit based on minimizing the bit-error-rate （BER）. Two algorithms allocate power based on minimizing the BER. Results show that the proposed algorithms are more effective than Fischer＇s algorithm at low average signal-to-noise ration （SNR）. This indicates that our algorithms can achieve high spectral efficiency and high communication reliability during bad channel state. Results also denote the bit and power allocation of each algorithm and effects of the number of subcarriers on the BER performance.

A Novel Asymmetric Three-Phase Cascaded 21 Level Inverter Fed Induction Motor Using Multicarrier PWM with PI and Fuzzy Controller

Multilevel inverters are gaining popularity in high power applications. This paper proposes a new ladder type structure of cascaded three-phase multilevel inverter with reduced number of power semiconductor devices which is used to drive the induction motor. The ultimate aim of the paper is to produce multiple output levels with minimum number of semiconductor devices. This paper uses only 11 switches along with 3 diodes and 4 asymmetrical sources to produce an output voltage of 21 levels. The modulation technique plays a major role in commutation of the switches. Here we implement the multicarrier level shifting pulse width modulation technique to produce the commutation signals for the inverter. The proposed multilevel inverter is used to drive the three-phase induction motor. The mathematical modeling of three-phase induction motor is done using Simulink. Furthermore the PI and fuzzy logic controllers are also used to produce the reference waveform of the level shifting technique which in turn produces the commutation signals of the proposed multilevel converter. The controllers are used to control the speed of the induction motor. The effectiveness of the proposed system is proved with the help of simulation. The simulation is performed in MATLAB/Simulink. From the simulation results, it shows that the proposed multilevel inverter works properly to generate the multilevel output waveform with minimum number of semiconductor devices. The PI and fuzzy logic controller performances are evaluated using the results which indicate that with the help of controllers the harmonics has been reduced and the speed control of induction motor is achieved under different loading conditions.

A Low Complexity VCS Method for PAPR Reduction in Multicarrier Code Division Multiple Access

This paper investigates a peak to average power ratio （PAPR） reduction method in multicarrier code division multiple access （MC-CDMA） system. Variable code sets （VCS）, a spreading codes selection scheme, can improve the PAPR property of the MC-CDMA signals, but this technique requires an exhaustive search over the combinations of spreading code sets. It is observed that when the number of active users increases, the search complexity will increase exponentially. Based on this fact, we propose a low complexity VCS （LC-VCS） method to reduce the computational complexity. The basic idea of LC-VCS is to derive new signals using the relationship between candidature signals. Simulation results show that the proposed approach can reduce PAPR with lower comtational pucomplexity. In addition, it can be blindly received without any side information.