Research of the Application of Nanometer Materials in Sports Engineering and the Biological Safety

In the modern material engineering, the use of nanometer materials has entered the highly and intensively utilized stage, so new nanometer materials have been continuously found to replace the traditional ordinary materials. The so-called nanometer materials have the size within l - 100nm in thickness, which originates from the 1980s. At that time, nanometer materials didn＇t have a proper development due to the economic level. t towever, with the support of science and technology, this technology has undergone tremendous changes in the related fields. There have been increasing expansion in the kinds and the width in use of the nanometer materials, so have the research of nanometer materials. In this paper, we will briefly analyze the application ofnanometer materials in the sports engineering.

Magnetic Properties of Nanometer-Scale NiZnCu Ferrite Thin Films Fabricated by Spray-Spin-Heating-Coating Method

A new nanometer-scale ferrite thin film with excellent high-frequency characteristics has been developed by the spray-spin-heating-coating method. The effects of the ion synthesis mechanism, chemical stoichiometry, fabrication method, and doping content on the magnetic properties and microstructure of the thin films have been analyzed. The films formed between 75℃ and 90℃ by spray-spin-heating-coating methods was discovered with fine grain size of about 21 nm, high saturation magnetization (4πMs) of about 6.5 kGs, coercivity of about 9.8 Oe, as well as initial permeability of about 14.0. These films can be widely used in radio-frequency integrated circuit devices.

Development and Evaluation of a New Nanometer Based Spacer NMS-I

In view of the inadequate cementing quality in the cementation for long isolation intervals ofoil and gas wells, and considering the field practice in Tarim Oilfield, a nanometer material LC-212 was introduced as the base stock to experimentally develop a new spacer system NMS-I, in combination with other materials, including a chemical gel plugging agent, carboxymethyl cellulose and barite. Experimental results indicated that the system had a wide adjustable range of density, good rheological property, static stability and compatibility with cement slurry. It also showed no flocculating or thickening effect on the water-base drilling fluid and low-density cement system. Meanwhile, the capacity of lost circulation control and the influence of the spacer on the second interfacial cementing strength were evaluated by a self-made lost circulation simulator and shearing test facility. The results showed that the spacer had favorable plugging and flushing effect, and the second interfacial cementing strength can be greatly improved. Moreover, based on the experiments, the mechanisms of spacer function were analyzed. The results obtained from the investigation offer a novel approach to resolving some practical problems in cementing jobs.

STUDY ON THE SURFACE MODIFICATION OF NANOMETER CARBON PARTICLES IN ATMOSPHERIC PLASMA

The surface modification of nanometer carbon material has been studied by using an Induced Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma device (IDBD). The experimental results show that with different work gases and different discharge conditions, the surface behaviors of carbon black can be changed according to needs, including the use of different functional groups and the change of the surface roughness of carbon particles etc., which increased the grinding and dispersion abilities in binder.

IMPROVEMENT OF DISPERSION ABILITY OF NANOMETER PARTICLES BY MEANS OF PLASMA POLYMERIZATION

In order to find a new way to improve the dispersion ability of nanometer material, an investigation on preparation of thin film with low surface energy on the surface of nanometer material by means of plasma polymerization has been done. Some physical behaviors and chemical constitution of prepared film as well as the influence of polymerized film on nanometer material were tested. All the experimental results showed that this is a possible way to improve the dispersion ability of nanometer materials.

热电材料的研究及进展

In 1823,Thomas Seebeck first discovered the thermoelectric effect.A temperature difference across any electric conductor junction will generate a corresponding voltage difference.Probably the most familiar use of this so called Seebeck effect is thermocouple.When an electric current passing through junction which is composed of two dissimilar conductors results in the absorption or release of the heat,this is the Peltier effect.This effect makes thermoelectric refrigerator or heating devices possible.Moreover a power generator can be also invented from the application of thermoelectric materials.Thermoelectric materials are those which possess high thermoelectric figure of merit.The major problem for thermoelectric materials is poor efficiency.They are now used only in the fields in which cost is not a big problem such as space and some other instruments.Thermoelectric materials are not widely used nowadays.

Synthesis of α-Fe_2O_3@SnO_2 core-shell nanoparticles via low-temperature molten salt reaction route

A cost-effective carbon-free nanocoating strategy was developed for the synthesis of ultra-fine SnO2 coatingα-Fe2O3 core-shell nanoparticles. This strategy only involves a two-step molten salt reaction at low temperature of 300 °C. The as-preparedα-Fe2O3@SnO2 core-shell nanocomposites show enhanced electrochemical performances than the bareα-Fe2O3 nanoparticles. This involved metal oxide nanocoating method is easy to be carried out, and the heat treatment temperature is much lower than that of other traditional solid-state annealing method and many carbon or metal oxide nanocoating methods. The molten salt method may also be used to produce other metal oxides coating nanostructures as the electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries.

Structure and Magnetic Properties of Ni Nanowires Array Fabricated by Direct Current Electro-deposition in Anodic Alumina Membrane

Ordered nanostructure arrays of Ni-Al 2O 3 were synthesized by direct current electro-deposition in anodic alumina membranes (AAM). The investigation with a n electron microscope,an X-ray diffractmeter and a vibration sample magnetomete r indicates that the Ni nanowires, growing in the pores of AAM with about 45nm i n diameter, are monocrystalline and have a definite preferred crystallizing orie ntation. The magnetic behavior of the arrays and their mechanism were discussed.

Laser assembly nanostructured Al2O3/TiO2 coating on cast aluminum surface

CO2 laser quick assembly technology is adopted on the surface of cast aluminum ZL104 to form a dense ceramic coating containing a great deal of nanometer Al2O3/TiO2 particles which eliminate cracks and porosities.The major phases of the coating are α-Al2O3 andβ-TiO2. The micro-hardness distribution of the coating is 1 813,1 504, 1 485 and 1 232 (HV0.05). The bonding strength of the coating LC1 is 11.4 N, which is 7.26 times higher than that of the conventional hot-spraying Al2O3/TiO2 coating. It has been proved by analysis that the bonding strength is achieved because of the effects of both super-quick laser consolidation and the nanometer effect of nanometer ceramic material.

Prediction Model of Antibacterial Activities for Inorganic Antibacterial Agents Based on Artificial Neural Networks

Quantitatively evaluation of antibacterial activities of inorganic antibacterial agents is an urgent problem to be solved. Using experimental data by an orthogonal design, a prediction model of the relation between conditions of preparing inorganic antibacterial agents and their antibacterial activities has been developed. This is accomplished by introducing BP artificial neural networks in the study of inorganic antibacterial agents. It provides a theoretical support for the development and research on inorganic antibacterial agents. Key words inorganic antibacterial agent - antibacterial activity - neural networks - nanometer material

Study on Nano-structured WC-Co Composite Powders Made by Mechanical Milling

Nano structured WC Co composite powders were prepared by high energy mechanical milling. The microstructure of as milled WC Co composite powders (including grain size, lattice strain, Co distribution and lattice defects) was investigated by X ray diffraction (XRD), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and energy dispersive X ray spectroscopy (EDS). Nano structured WC co vered and separated by cobalt thin layers with average grain size less than 10 nm was obtained by high energy mechanical milling. The morphology of WC grains is almost spherical. High energy mechanical milling could also bring about a large number of lattice defects in WC grains.

Study of Reactions Induced by Mechanical Milling in ZnO-α-Fe_2O_3 System

Spinel ferrite ZnFe 2O 4 powders were synthesized directly from ZnO and α Fe 2O 3 mixtures by high energy mechanical milling. X ray diffraction (XRD) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) were used to investigate the chemical reaction processing at different milling time. It has been found that the solid reactions between metal oxides are characterized by stages. Once the solid chemical synthesized reaction is initialized, it proceeds quickly and can be completed in very short time. Grain sizes of ZnFe 2O 4 are less than 10 nm.

Study on Preparation of Porous ZnO Microspheres and Photocatalytic Performance

This paper introduces the method of porous ZnO microspheres by sodium citrate assisted hydrothermal synthesis with a mild, economy： first, basic synthesis globose precursor of Zinc Carbonate Hydroxide, then followed by thermal decompose the precursor to obtain porous Zinc Oxide microspheres. The morphology and structure of the precursor and synthesized porous microspheres were characterize by a series of methods, and did a series of experiments by changing dosage and reaction time of the sodium citrate and urea, finally the paper discussed the formation mechanism of porous ZnO microspheres.

GL Method for Solving Equations in Math-Physics and Engineering

In this paper, we propose a GL method for solving the ordinary and the partial differential equation in mathematical physics and chemics and engineering. These equations govern the acustic, heat, electromagnetic, elastic, plastic, flow, and quantum etc. macro and micro wave field in time domain and frequency domain. The space domain of the differential equation is infinite domain which includes a finite inhomogeneous domain. The inhomogeneous domain is divided into finite sub domains. We present the solution of the differential equation as an explicit recursive sum of the integrals in the inhomogeneous sub domains. Actualy, we propose an explicit representation of the inhomogeneous parameter nonlinear inversion. The analytical solution of the equation in the infinite homogeneous domain is called as an initial global field. The global field is updated by local scattering field successively subdomaln by subdomain. Once all subdomains are scattered and the updating process is finished in all the sub domains, the solution of the equation is obtained. We call our method as Global and Local field method, in short , GL method. It is different from FEM method, the GL method directly assemble inverse matrix and gets solution. There is no big matrix equation needs to solve in the GL method. There is no needed artificial boundary and no absorption boundary condition for infinite domain in the GL method. We proved several theorems on relationships between the field solution and Green＇s function that is the theoretical base of our GL method. The numerical discretization of the GL method is presented. We proved that the numerical solution of the GL method convergence to the exact solution when the size of the sub domain is going to zero. The error estimation of the GL method for solving wave equation is presented. The simulations show that the GL method is accurate, fast, and stable for solving elliptic, parabolic, and hyperbolic equations. The GL method has advantages and wide applications in the 3D electromagnetic （EM） field, 3D elastic and plastic etc seismic field, acoustic field, flow field, and quantum field. The GL method software for the above 3D EM etc field are developed.