Factors influencing willingness to participate in ophthalmic clinical trials and strategies for effective recruitment

AIM:To explore the factors influencing individuals’willingness to participate in ophthalmic clinical trials.METHODS:A questionnaire survey was conducted from January to April 2021 among patients and their family members at Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center,Sun Yat-sen University,in Guangzhou,China.The survey gathered data on respondents’willingness,demographic and socioeconomic profiles,as well as their reasons and concerns regarding engagement in clinical trials.RESULTS:Of the 1078 residents surveyed(mean age 31.2±13.1y;65.8%females)in Guangzhou,749(69.5%)expressed a willingness to participate in future ophthalmic clinical trials.Specific characteristics associated with greater willingness included a younger age,lower annual income,higher education,prior participation experience,previous ophthalmic treatment,and a better understanding of clinical trials.With the exception of age,these characteristics were significantly linked to a higher willingness.The primary barrier to participation,expressed by 64.8%of those willing and 54.4%of those unwilling,was“Uncertain efficacy”.In terms of motivations,the willing group ranked“Better therapeutic benefits”(35.0%),“Professional monitoring”(34.3%),and“Trust in healthcare professionals”(33.1%)as their top three reasons,whereas the unwilling participants indicated“Full comprehension of the protocol”(46.2%)as the key facilitator.CONCLUSION:This study reveals a substantial willingness to participate in ophthalmic clinical trials and demonstrates the predictive role of demographic and socioeconomic factors.Variations in motivators and concerns between willing and unwilling participants highlight the significance of tailored recruitment strategies.Importantly,the need for and trust in healthcare professionals stand out as powerful motivations,underscoring the importance of enhancing physician-patient relationships,adopting patient-centered communication approaches,and addressing individualized needs to improve accrual rates.

Willingness of farmers to participate in food traceability systems:improving the level of food safety

In order to solve frequently emerging food safety problems and adapt to the developing trends in the international food safety field, the Chinese government is establishing and developing food traceability systems. Whether or not food traceability sys- tems can guarantee food safety is a problem well worth discussing. Hence, we constructed a theoretical model to explore the effect of incentives in a food traceability system in order to improve food safety levels. The following results were obtained： enhancing the ef- fectiveness of a food traceability system, increasing the payment to farmers who supply safe agricultural products and strengthening the penalty for unsafe food supply actions are necessary conditions to improve the level of food safety. How to encourage farmers to use food traceability systems is another problem explored in our investigation. Based on a field survey on the willingness of vegetable growers to participate using a vegetable traceability system in Beijing, the first city in China to develop such a system, we used a de- scriptive statistics and a binary logistic regression model to investigate the factors which dominate the decision on the part of farmers to participate in a food safety system. The results indicate that i： younger farmers are more likely to get involved in a food traceability system than older farmers, ii： income from non-agricultural activities decreases the willingness of farmers to participate, iii： the high- er the cost-benefit ratio of growing vegetables, the more likely for farmers to engage in a food traceability system, iv： farmers with a great concern for food safety information have a high propensity to participate and v： increased penalties against unsafe food supply actions and high-risk expectation are adverse incentives. In contrast, high-price expectation is a positive incentive for farmers to par- ticipate, while agricultural training, government subsidies and being part of an industrial organization will significantly strengthen the confidence of farmers to participate in a food safety system.

Analyzing Factors Contributing to Farmers' Willingness to Participate in Rural Cooperative Finance Organizations

It has been commonly recognized that the cooperative finance organizations in China's rural areas have been playing an important role in spreading farm production risks, increasing farmers' income, as well as stimulating the overall rural economic growth. This paper attempted to identify the key factors which potentially contributed to the farmers' willingness to participate in the new-form of the rural cooperative finance organizations sponsored by the Chinese governments. In the process, a total of 442 farmer households as well as small-micro farming enterprises were sampled from the villages in Panjin municipality of Liaoning Province in China, where the new form of the rural cooperative finance organization(NFRCFO) experiment was under way. Those potential factors were classified into the four categories, including the characteristics of the famer households, the reputation of the rural finance cooperatives, transaction costs paid, as well as service quality. A discrete Logit model was used for parameter estimations. The results showed that most of the factors being considered exhibited statistically significant effects on the farmers' willingness to take part in NFRCFO, but with each presenting different levels of impacts. The causes and effects for those uncovered empirical results were fully discussed following by policy implication discussion.

The Modified Contingent Valuation Method for Evaluating the Willingness of the Citizenry to Participate in Excavation and the Restoration of the Ancient Theatre of Lefkada

This proposed project is not viable in profitable terms to private enterprise, so it applied a modified version of the CVM （Contingent Valuation Method） to realize this project. A survey was conducted in Lefkada Island in Greece, where 200 interviewees took part in order to consider whether they wish to voluntarily participate in the excavation and restoration of the ancient theater of Lefkada. Half of the interviewees were given information on the history of the site and then were asked to fill out a questionnaire. The other half of the interviewees were given no historical information on the archeological site and also were asked to fill out a questionnaire. The interviewees who were not given any information on the history of the site briefed on the history and then were asked to fill out another questionnaire. The purpose was to observe the different responses that the interviewees gave before and after being informed. This study aims to compare the WTP （Willingness To Participate） for this public good among those who were informed and those who were not.

ZTE Participated in CTIA Wireless 2008 USA

ZTE Corporation, a leading global provider of telecommunications equipment and network solutions, brought its latest products, solutions and service demos to CTIA Wireless 2008, from April 1-3, at the Las Vegas Convention Center, USA.With the theme of "Talking to the future", ZTE showcased its most up-to-date technologies including All-IP CDMA2000, WCDMA, WiMAX, IMS, LTE and digital home solution. Full range of ZTE’s terminal products was also displayed to the industry during the show.

CAFIU Council Members Actively Participate in CAFIU's Work

In 2012, CAFIU paid attention to inviting its council members to participate in its work, which received good results. Ⅰ. Convening the 3 rd Plenary Session of the 10 th Executive Council In May, 2012, CAFIU convened the 3 rd Plenary Session of the 10th Executive Council. The Session approved the augmentation of 41 new Council Members, who are all elites from political parties, the political, academic and cultural circles as well as

The impact of organizational resources and managerial interpretation on willingness to participate in carbon market

On the basis of resource-based view and managerial cognition,this research aims to explore which and how organizational resources facilitate organizational willingness to participate in carbon market(WTP-CM).In particular,it classifies resources into two dimensions,general resources(GR)and professional resources(PR),and investigates how these two types of resources interact with managerial interpretation and then influence organizational WTP-CM using a sample of 222 Chinese industrial firms.The findings show that environmental talents(PR)and low-carbon technologies(PR)have positive influences on organizational WTP-CM not only directly,but also indirectly through accelerating managers to interpret carbon trading as an opportunity,rather than a threat.On the contrary,only via managerial interpretation can capital reserve(GR)and environmental practices(PR)affect organizational WTP_CM positively.Furthermore,the impact of environmental practices on managerial interpretation does not depend on the performance of environmental practices(i.e.,success or failure).It means,regardless of environmental performance,the cumulation of environmental experience would promote managers to interpret carbon market as an opportunity and then advance their WTP-CM.Last,this partial mediating role of managerial interpretation between organizational resources and WTP-CM varies depending on organizational social position.Compared to centralfirms,peripheralfirms tend to be more responsive to managerial interpretation.The chain from organizational resources,to interpretation of carbon market as an opportunity,andfinally to the willingness to participate is stronger for peripheralfirms than for central ones.

China Confirms to Participate in 2017 Astana Expo Held In Kazakhstan

On August 24,Jiang Zengwei-Chairman of China Council for the Promotion of International Trade (CCPIT),officially submitted in Beijing the confirmation documents for China’s participation in Astana Expo to Kazakh First Deputy Foreign Minister Rapil Zhoshybayev,which signals that the preparation work for China to participate in Astana Expo has been officially initiated.

China FAW Participates in The China Auto International(Syria)Tour

At the beginning of the new year, a new message was released from the Organization Committee of China Auto International Tour --China FAW Group Corporation and China League of Machinery Industry will jointly sponsor the 4nd China Auto International (Syria) Tour.

Council Members of CAFIU Actively Participated in the Dialogue

Zhang Xuejun,member of the Standing Committee of CAFIU’s Executive Council and Directorgeneral of Jiangxi Provincial Foreign Affairs and Overseas Chinese Affairs Office,participated in the entire events of the Jiangxi Session of the Dialogue and presided over the Nanchang Dialogue.Jin Canrong,member of the Standing Committee of CAFIU’s Executive Council and Deputy Dean of the School of

Exploring Tourists＇ Push and Pull Travel Motivations to Participate in Songkran Festival in Thailand as a Tourist Destination： A Case of Taiwan Residents Visitors

This study aims to identify travel motivations including push and pull motivations that positively and directly affected the decision-making of Taiwan Residents travelers in participating in Songkran Festival in Thailand as their cultural destination. A questionnaire survey was conducted with 388 Taiwan Residents respondents who have never participated in Songkran Festival in Thailand before. The lists consisted of 30 attributes representing push motivation （14 attributes） as ＂psychological factor＂, pull motivation （13 attributes） as ＂destination factor＂, and intention to participate （three attributes）. Pearson＇s correlation and simple linear regression were used to examine the research hypotheses. As a result, push and pull motivations positively and directly affected the intention to participate in Songkran Festival in Thailand. For push motivation, Taiwan Residents visitors perceived that they want to relax and get experience in foreign land, and have enjoyable time with travel companion. For pull motivation, Taiwan Residents visitors perceived that there are many special events in Songkran Festival, the image of Songkran Festival, Thai food is delicious, and the people are friendly and courteous. The managerial implications were also made for tourism industry of Thailand in terms of examination motivations in implementing new market strategies, designing promotion, and decision-making about destination development.

IMAGINE PARTICIPATE畅想 分享 索尼Cyber—Shot,DC高清新视界

春天,外面是那么精彩,缤纷的花儿,淡淡的清香令人欢欣。一双慧眼,眸子里闪烁着愉悦,平凡的生活里处处有生动的美。我们在畅想中收获自己的精彩,我要把我的快乐,最清晰的呈现给你。你的视界,我的世界。在这个春天,索尼Cyber-shot数码相机正式迈入了一个旨在提供高品质影像效果的“

CCI President Participated in China Cotton Summit

On May 7-8 the 2010 China Cotton Summit and the International Cotton Fair were held in Sanya,Hainan Province,China.Mr.Wallace L.Darneille, the new president of Cotton Council International(CCI) made a special trip to China to participate in the event and present on the"cotton and textile supply and demand situation in the U.S."

Good Things Come to Those Who Participate

IT＇S easy in China, especially Beijing, to go through the motions each day and become just one of 1.4 billion experiencing ordi- nary daily routines. In a country going through one of the biggest industrial revolutions known to man. things happen so quickly that the ones who just watch it go by get lost alongthe wayside. One thing I have learnt during my four and a half years in China is to get involved, no matter what it is - a conversation at the local shop, a game of Frisbee in the park, a football club. a roadside game of Chinese chess, an invitation from some locals for dinner, a hike through the mountains on the edge of the city - any activi- ties like these will break up those predictable daily routines and allow you to participate, and feel good about it.

Community Tourism in Changxi Village:Research based on Community-participated Village Tourism

On the basis of investigating community participation in tourism development of Changxi Village,Wuyuan County,the study pictures a reasonable image for the community participation in tourism village,proposes the problems and corresponding suggestions.

Factors Influencing Residents’ Decision to Participate in Health Screening in Taiwan: A Qualitative Study

Introduction: Chronic diseases have affected the health and quality of life of people in a vast number of countries. Critically, chronic diseases have been rapidly increasing worldwide and inflicting a heavy burden on society. As such, health screening has been applied to reduce individuals’ risks of developing chronic diseases and to initiate health promotion or disease prevention. However, the participant rate is low, especially for people living in rural areas. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that influence people’s decisions to undergo health screening. Method: Semi-structured interviews were undertaken for 16 people aged between 30 - 60 years, and all interviewees had never attended health screening at our hospital despite being invited. Interviewees were from four districts in Taiwan: Anle District of Keelung City;and Ruifang, Gongliao, and Wanli Districts of New Taipei City. These districts were sampled to represent urban and rural areas, respectively, and people in these rural areas were suspected to have high risk of metabolic diseases, kidney and lung diseases or cancers. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim, and NVivo 11 was used for data management. Result: Six motivating factors or barriers were identified: 1) Health attitudes and beliefs about the benefits of participating in health screening;2) expectation of health screening from the perspective of participants;3) cost consideration;4) impact of social influence on willingness to participate in health screening;5) the experiences of health screening;and 6) practical motivations or barriers of undergoing health screening. Conclusion: Health attitudes and beliefs about the benefits of having a health screening, personal health expectations, and free health services were identified as the top three important factors that influence a resident’s decision to undergo health screening for chronic diseases in Taiwan.

Research on the Public Behaviors to Participate in the Lake Chief System-Based on the Survey of Hengshui City, China

Lake chief system is an innovative measure of ecological civilization construction in lake governance and protection in China. Due to the complexity and openness of lake resources, it is difficult for the government and the market to properly handle the arduous task of lake governance, and public participation is an effective remedy for the failure of the government and the market. In order to know the public participation in the protection lakes, this paper selected 318 citizens from Hengshui city and uses the questionnaire survey to understand the public’s participation attitude, approach and behavior of the lake chief system. The research results show that the public’s education level, length of residence and understanding of the lake chief system have a positive impact on their participation.

Exploration on college students＇ reluctance to participate in group discussion in EFL listening and speaking classes

Motivation has long been argued and studied both at home and abroad; however most researches stressed the linear, casual relationship between motivation and students achievement through interaction of group discussion. This paper tended to explore the factors that influenced students＇ motivation to participate in group discussion in EFL listening and speaking class. A questionnaire was designed and adopted to figure out the factors By analyzing the data, this paper would provide some suggestions to the research problem.

Research on the path of effective management of participation in joint-venture railway companies by China railway group

Purpose-Following the regional restructuring,the number of joint-venture railway companies in which the Group participates has significantly increased.This paper aims to explore the challenges faced by China Railway Group in managing participation in joint-venture railway companies.The study seeks to propose specific approaches to ensure the effective management of these companies,thereby maximizing the benefits of the regional restructuring and supporting the development of a strong transportation country and a modern infrastructure system.Design/methodology/approach-Based on the change in the shareholding relationship between China Railway Group and the joint-venture railway companies,and considering the current situation of the regional restructuring of these companies,as well as the insights from existing literature and typical case studies,this paper proposes some specific paths for effective management of joint-stock railway companies which China Railway Group participated in.Findings-The problems in participation management are the unclear dual leadership role of the party committee,the lack of discourse power,the lack of synergy between shareholders,the increasing risk of sustainable operation of the loss-making companies and the role of dispatched personnel is not fully played.Based on the theories,combined with the existing research and practical cases,the paper proposed specific approaches,such as perfecting top-level system design,maintaining the discourse power,carrying out differentiated management,arranging personnel rationally,arranging shareholders synergy,and innovating methods to provide references for China Railway Group’s subsequent management of joint venture railway companies.Originality/value-This paper contributes to the existing literature by providing a comprehensive analysis of the challenges faced by China Railway Group in managing participation in joint-venture railway companies following the regional restructuring.The study offers novel insights and practical recommendations for addressing these challenges.The findings can serve as valuable references for China Railway Group’s subsequent management of joint-venture railway companies which participated in,as well as for other stateowned enterprises facing similar challenges in managing their joint ventures.