Power,punishment,patriarchy in Shakespeare’s Othello

An informal survey revealed that graduate students presented with Shakespeare's works felt academically unfit and powerless.These student-teacher-text power relationships parallel the power relationships between the dominant patriarchy and female characters in'Othello'-Desdemona,Emilia,and Bianca.Both main characters contribute to the creation of the new or der.The writer wants to look briefly at a Shakespearean couple outside Othello as an attempt at alternative model for distributing power.

Feminism, Patriarchy and Culture Dominance ——A review to "The Woman Warrior

The Woman Warrior" is an influential book in the 20th century making a thunder of voice in the world to accuse the stereotype of patriarchy and racism, which also shows the Chinese Americans’ difficulty of being edged to the cultural cliff. This article analyses the content and the style of the novel to see inside what the writer wants to express and to figure out the real reason of the inequality between sexes and reveal the truth of the western culture dominance. Feminism, Patriarchy and culture are the main factors considered in the article.

Gendered Stereotype under White Patriarchy in American Animation How to Train Your Dragon

American animation How to Train Your Dragon 1 & 2, loosely based on the British book series of the same name by Cressida Cowell, produced by American Dreamworks Animation, were released separately in 2010 and 2014. Those two animated films are set in a fictional Viking world and focusing on the experiences and adventures of protagonist Hiccup. Even though these two films are concerned with dragons, this paper discusses about the gendered stereotype under white patriarchy from the perspective of Foucault's power discourse theory. It mainly studies gendered stereotype and white patriarchal construction, revealing that the American animation, based on mass deception, is an evil machine to lead Chinese audiences to experience a complicated process to struggle with their own beliefs, values, ideas and hope.

Subversion of Patriarchy： Intertextuality in Carol Ann Duffy＇s The WorM＇s Wife

The WorM＇s Wife （1999）, written by Carol Ann Duffy, who is the first woman and first openly LGBT person appointed Britain＇s poet Laureate, is a collection of poems which makes full use of intertextuality to show Duffy＇s subversion to patriarchy. In this collection, histories and myths are parodied, quoted, alluded and even rewritten. Women in her poems are given chances to speak out for themselves, which can be seen as a form of resistance against patriarchy. In this article, constitutive intertextuality as well as manifest intertextuality like parody, quotation and allusion in The WorM＇s Wife will be discussed specifically. By analyzing how those intertextual features are adopted as a form of resistance against patriarchy, this article aims to help readers form a better perception of the feminism Duffy raises, and tries to help more women who are being suppressed by men, to find and reconstruct their identities.

Women as Part of the Patriarchy： Masculinity, Women, andRelationships in Virginia Woolf＇s Novels

This article focuses on three of Virginia Woolf＇s widely read novels, Jacob＇s Room, Mrs. Dalloway, and To theLighthouse. I focus on the male protagonists in the novels Jacob Flanders, Richard Dalloway, and Mr. Ramsay. Upto this point, literary studies and women＇s studies almost focus on the positive female characters in her works andignore the constructs of masculinity that she discusses in her fiction. Furthermore, critics do not critique the femalecharacters and take into consideration their role as perpetrators in the patriarchy in order to maintain the patriarchalregime. I argue that the female characters in these novels police the male characters in their performance ofmasculinity, which in turn makes them perpetrators of the same discourse that in turn oppresses them. In this article,I use theorists such as Judith Butler, Nancy Chodorow, and Judith （who now identifies as Jack） Halberstam todiscuss the sex/gender system and how women can hold oppressive roles within the patriarchy. Finally, I willconclude that Virginia Woolf needs more exposure with feminist theory and masculinity studies because of theradical characterizations of people she promotes in her fiction.

The Female Resisters Under the Patriarchy in Song of Solomon

The present paper is an analysis of the female resisters under the patriarchy in the African-American female writer, Toni Morrison＇s Song of Solomon, which was published in 1977 and won the National Book Critics Circle Award and American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters Award. The paper focuses on how the females in Song of Solomon--Ruth and her Daughters--resist the patriarchy.

Women＇s Images in Patriarchy Yoknapatawpha County --A Case Study of The Sundy and the Fury

William Faulkner is considered to be the most influential writers of America in the twentieth century. He has created a lot of great works in his lifetime, and The Sound and the Fury, which becomes the focus of study and research among critics, is one of the outstanding representatives. As a famous southern writer, Faulkner＇ s concentrations not only just rely on the person＇ s inner world but also divergence into the broad external space. By observing male＇ s oppression and destruction toward female, Faulkner elaborates feminine crisis from another angle which reflects his strong humanistic concern. This paper tries to explore women＇ s images, which include Caddy, little Quentin, Dilsey and Mrs. Comoson. under the traditional patriarchy YoknaDatawoha County.

Feminism Fighter or Patriarchy Victim——Taking Grass is Singing for Example

The Grass is Singing is a complicated novel including race,gender,and other political issues.As the main character in the novel,Mary is a typical round character who are more realistic and her personalities somewhat inconsistent.A full development and complex traits also make Mary like a real person.From the perspective of feminism,should Mary be viewed as a feminism fighter or a patriarchy victim?The independence and strong-minded in her characteristics showing not only her strength,but also her identity as a colonialist.Mary is merely one of the victims of patriarchal society,for she is coerced by the social prejudice and her personal predicament between Dick and Moses.

Revolt Against Feudal Patriarchy: A Feminist Reading of Romeo and Juliet

This paper is a feminist reading of Shakespeare's dramatic tragedy, Romeo and Juliet. It first discusses the prevailing feudal ideology, especially patriarchy, in the transitional society of the late Elizabethan era and then analyzed the heroine, Juliet, within this social context. It focuses on Juliet's brave revolt against the feudal fetters imposed on her and her strong-willed fight for individual freedom, true love and happiness in response to the Renaissance spirit.

The Duel between Housewifery and Patriarchy in To the Lighthouse

Virginia Woolf is represented as a forerunner writer of stream of consciousness. To the Lighthouse is her most wellknown biographical novel, which probes a story that whether the Ramsays can go to the lighthouse or not. Mr Ramsay represents as a patriarchal image; Mrs Ramsay stands for a typical housewife. This essay delivers how housewifery and patriarchy presents in this novel and what the solution of Lily's choice under the framework of housewifery and patriarchy.

Unmasking Oppression:A Beauvoirian Analysis of Gender Dynamics in Bapsi Sidhwa’s Pakistani Bride

Delving into the intricacies of Pakistani society,this study offers a poignant exploration of the profound identity crises experienced by women,as depicted in Bapsi Sidhwa’s seminal work,Pakistani Bride(1990).Sidhwa’s narrative serves as a compelling lens through which to examine the multifaceted challenges faced by women within the patriarchal confines of Pakistani culture.Through the character of Zaitoon,Sidhwa adeptly navigates the intersections of tradition,patriarchy,and societal expectations,shedding light on the marginalized status of women in Pakistan.Employing qualitative research methods and drawing upon the theoretical framework of Simone de Beauvoir’s Second Sex(1949),this study delves into the nuanced complexities of female identity formation within a male-dominated society.Key themes such as identity subjugation,patriarchy,and the clash between social and traditional boundaries are meticulously analyzed.This research not only offers a critical examination of Sidhwa’s narrative techniques but also serves as a potent call to action,urging societal introspection and advocating for the empowerment of women in Pakistani society.

Are there Women in the Labor Market:the Role of State and Patriarchy in Neoliberal Turkey

Contrary to the feminization of informal sector in neoliberal developing countries,neoliberal Turkey offers a different case.There is a huge gender gap in the labor market of Turkey.There are two factors responsible for this distinct trend in the country-the neoliberal policies and the existing patriarchal norms.On the basis of the hypothesis-private patriarchy of household in addition to the public patriarchy of state limit opportunities for women and reduce their participation in the labor market,this paper tries to answer-why is it important to consider the issues of women workers?How do neoliberal policies and patriarchy determine the condition of women workers in Turkey?

Theorizing the Gendered Patriarchy of the Huaxia:Constancy(jing)/Expedience(quan)and Continuity(yin)/Change(bian)—From Male/Female Distinction to Inner/Outer Distinction in the Context of the Order of Family and State

The gender-based patriarchy of the Huaxia people,consisting of family and state order,inner/outer distinction and gender-based hierarchy,took shape in the period of radical transformation when the Zhou dynasty replaced the Shang dynasty and reached maturity in the Han dynasty,which had been established in the wake of the radical transformation conducted by the Zhou and Qin dynasties.On the basis of the principles of male/female distinction and the integration of family and state,Western Zhou aristocrats abolished the state structure the inner and outer governance systems(nei/waifuzhi内外服制),carried on in part the main patrilineage and surname exogamy of the Shang dynasty,and established the Huaxia patriarchal system.During the Qin and Han dynasties,the patriarchal system evolved into family and state isomorphism characterized by power-sharing between the royal house and its officials and by a two-pronged kinship system in which the male line was inner and the female line was outer.The system thus evolved into the Huaxia gender-based patriarchy,which covered spatial spheres,division of responsibilities,the kinship system,values and ethics,and codes of daily interaction and conduct.The distinction between the inner and the outer was not only a core value of the gender-based patriarchy but also its operational strategy.It also engendered such inter-related sub-systems as human functions,ethics and gender and such philosophical systems as the unity of heaven and man and the cosmic binaries of yin-yang(阴阳)and qian-kun(乾坤).The constancy(经jing)/Expedience(权quan)and Continuity(因yin)/Change(变bian)of the gender-based patriarchy,the jing/quan at the heart of the basic system and governance strategy within its constraints jointly ensured the stability and dynamism of the gender-based patriarchy of the Huaxia people.

Structural Gender Inequality and Mental Health among Chinese Men and Women

Little is known about the association between structural gender inequality and health in patriarchal China.This study employed a sample from the Chinese Women’s Social Status,consisting of 26,139 participants aged 18 and 70 years(13,494 women and 12,645 men).Structural gender inequality was assessed at the macro-,meso-,and micro-levels.Mental health was measured by the summed scores of eight questions on depressive symptoms.Multilevel linear regression was applied for analysis.Results showed that total sex ratio at birth was associated with poorer mental health among women and men but sex ratio at birth of the second-born child predicted better mental health.Gender inequality at meso-level resulted in poorer mental health and gender inequality at micro-level was associated with poorer mental health both for men and women.Eliminating structural gender inequality promotes populations’mental health in China.

Symbolic Meanings of “Rose” in A Rose for Emily

A Rose for Emily is one of William Faulkner's most famous short stories.Through the representing of patriarchy influence on Emily,Faulkner shows his readers Emily's tragic life.From the diverse meanings of the "Rose" to the debated themes,this story has been discussed before.This paper tries to analyze the three stages of Emily's struggle for love in order to represent the symbolism of the "Rose" from the perspective of feminism.It also represents the root of Emily's tragedy and the sympathy for the tragic fate of the Southern women.

Analyses on Rosamond Vincy

Rosamond Vincy is the most beautiful woman in Middlemarch and she becomes the ideal wife in men's mind. However, her marriage ends up with failure and tragedy and it is the patriarchal restrictions which should be blamed for. By Rosamond's story, Eliot intends to expose and condemn the restrictions on women and the unjustifiable criteria used to judge women in the patriarchal society.

A New Form of Patriarchal Oppression in Hotel du Lac

The novel's peculiar significance lies in its placing emphasis on the particular predicament of career intellectual women in modern society,including a depiction of those women's contradictory roles and their result,from which an exploration of this predicament's nature may be drawn.All the above proves that apart from the old form of oppression,career intellectual womenhave to suffer some new form by patriarchy which is difficult to overthrow.

Heavy Patriarchal Shackles: Edna's Awakening and Disillusion

Kate Chopin's (1899- ) The Awakening gives an account of Edna Pontellie's awakening in soul and body and sing highly of her courage to pursue freedom and independence. But in a patriarchal society, women can only exist subordinate to men and any woman's rebellion is to be defeated. Through a detailed analysis of the process of Edna's awakening, it argues that Edna is not awakened but disillusioned, and she still lives under the heavy patriarchal shackles.

Roots of and Solution to Women’s Predicament in Hotel du Lac

Apart from depicting modern career intellectual women still being“insulted and injured”by patriarchy,Anita Brookner analyses the roots of the predicament and puts forward a solution,that is,to stick to their own dignity as independent human beings by refusing not only marriage of convenience,but the patriarchal values,thus fulfilling their self-seeking and selfdefinition.Beauvoir’s method after slight modifications is found to be the ultimate solution:the young girl and the young boy should be raised with the same ideology of male-female equality and friendship;then things like“male superiority”will disappear and“femininity”will really become part of human nature.

Thorough liberation： A feminist analysis of How lfinally lost my heart

How lfinally lost my heart is a short story written by Doris Lessing, the winner of the 2007 Nobel Prize in Literature. This paper is intended to analyze this short story from the feminist perspective, and show the exact process of women＇s emotional independence as well as the writer＇s concern on women＇s thorough liberation.