The Factors of Both Romanticism and Transcendentalism in Emily Dickinson's Character

Emily Dickinson is one of the most widely read and well-known American poets. Although there were just seven poems published during her lifetime, she was brought to many people's attention. Some people believe that Dickinson is a real romantic but others think she is a transcendentalist. However, both the factors of romanticism and transcendentalism can be seen in her character indeed. Romantic factors include individualism in her personality and her escaping from society. Transcendental factors are oversoul and mysticalness. If all the factors are taken into account, Emily Dickinson can fall into the category of both romanticism and transcendentalism.

由“Romanticism”一词的两种译法看周作人早期文学观

1918年,周作人在北京大学讲授欧洲文学史,并编写讲义《欧洲文学史》及《近代欧洲文学史》两册,在讲义中周作人将"Romanticism"一词译为"传奇主义"和"理想主义",这两种译法并非偶然为之,其背后蕴藏着作者在同一时期所主张的文学观及文艺理论。本文主要从"Romanticism"在中国的接受与传播、"传奇主义"与"抒情传统",以及"理想主义"与"人的文学"等三个方面来探讨"Romanticism"一词中文译法背后的深刻含义。

Jane Eyre's Contradictory Characteristics from the Perspectives of Realism and Romanticism

Various researches have been conducted in realism,description of psychology and romanticism in Jane Eyre respectively.Author of this paper is going to connect realism and romanticism to reflect contradictory characteristics in the title character whose author Charlotte Bront? was shaped in the shift of romanticism to realism in Victorian age.

A Comparison between Heathcliff and Chillingworth from the Perspective of Romanticism

Heathcliff and Chillingworth are the two typical satan type heroes among literature works. To some extent, their revenge is similar, but there are also differences. However, there are few comparisons between the two heroes from the perspective of romanticism. From the analysis of the author＇s living background and their literary genre of the two works, the paper will analyse the reasons why Heathcliff and Chillingworth want to revenge, and reflect their similarities and differences in terms of their character, means, ending, and so on. The paper will analyse the two heroes by using the methods of literature data collection, text comparison and induction, and come to a conclusion that the romanticism carried by the two authors is influential in shaping the two satan type heroes. Thus to gain more details about the similarities of the two cruel revenger, and the differences of their individuality and different ways of revenge.

Romanticism in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn

The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn has been studied as a realistic work widely.Although The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn mainly work for the realism,there are also spark notes of romanticism in the book.So this essay discusses the romanticism from its source and its conception,and the third part of this essay analyzes which parts and which points in the book show the romanticism,and analyzes the romanticism in the book from the general following aspects:description of the environment,the friendship between the main characters,the plots,and themes.At last,the author concludes the indelible artistic value in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.

Positive Romanticism and Ode to the West Wind

There are not as many British positive romanticism research as romanticism research.The positive romanticism possesses distinguished characteristics in different cultures.The English positive romanticism pushed the romanticism literature to the highest among which Shelley's Ode to the West Wind is one of the best works.Through mainly analysis on the background of Ode to the West Wind,and the features of positive romanticism,my research finally drew an conclusion that Ode to the West Wind adopts a variety of ways to analyze the subjectivism,the political lyricism,idealism.This thesis also illustrates the features of human's appreciations for the nature.

An Analysis of Romanticism Characteristics in Anne of Green Gables

Anne of Green Gables is one of the famous works of Canadian children’s literature.It was created by Canadian authoress Lucy Maud Montgomery in 1908.The novel tells a story about the innocent and kind heroine—Anne,who is an orphan and adopted by Matthew and Marilla of the green gable at her age of 11.The whole novel is full of romanticism and realism characteristics.It is exactly a transition from romanticism to realism.The heroine’s imagination and the love toward nature can be comparable to Alice in Wonderland.Mark Twain commented,"In Anne of Green Gables you will find the dearest and most moving and delightful child since the immortal Alice."

Romanticism in Buck--Rereading The Call of the Wild

In The Call of the Wild,the dog Buck shows keen love towards nature and through it,he attains fullness spiritually as well as physically. This attitude towards nature is opposite to the principles on which naturalism is based on,and betrays to some extent the romantic spirit contained in the writer.

Brief Analysis to the Substance and Features of English Romanticism

To better know the English romanticism, the substance and the features of English romanticism are studied. The substance of English romanticism which is stated from the politic, philosophy, literary and the features of English romanticism which are stated from their revolt to authority, the emphasis on emotion, the affection to nature, the use of exaggeration mean, the pursue for the extraordinary story are presented.

Rabindranath Tagore’s Romanticism in Stray Birds

Stray Birds is one of the works of the famous poet,Rabindranath Tagore.The main purpose of this paper is to get a better understanding of romanticism in his poems by interpreting from words,sentences,figure of speech to his romanticism,natural view,and life philosophy and so on.And then it can be concluded that Tagore’s writing style and wisdom and love for life is meaningful for all of us.

The Lake Poets in Romanticism

Romanticism is an essential part in English literature. In this new trend, the group of poets, also called the Lake Poets,used their finest poems to show respect to nature and life, to advocate human instincts and emotions and to look forward to new world.

Robert Frost:A Poet from Romanticism to Modernism

Robert Frost's most,especially early wrtitings are about nature things,and describe and comment on a scene or event closely related to the countryside of New England.Most of them carry the beauty of nature and the importance of individual.Gradually,certain elements influence him and his poetry became more and more gloomy and of dark picture of the world,which carries the elements of Modernistic writing.This thesis is attempts to dig deep into the process that his general development from Romaticism to Modernism and how it developed.This thesis gives three main reasons:the First World War,the key figures among Modernists and personal tragedies.However,we can not see superficially the difference clearly in his later poems.In a word,the environment,the people around and personal tragedy can change a person and,if a poet,his poetry too.

Contrast between Romanticism and Realism in Ode to a Nightingale

John Keats is a representative Romantic poet in the 19 th century. This article analyzes a fanciful universe of a nightingale created in Keats' Ode to a Nightingale in contrast with the real world.

Residual Romanticism in a Contemporary Shanghai Novel

Through a close reading of Wei Hui＇s bestseller Shanghai Baby 0999）, this article highlights five elements to delimit a post-romantic neoliberal literary sensibility and its ruptures： （1） a ＂melotraumatic＂ quest for exuberance, （2） denial of dependency, （3） a celebration of individual choice and market rationalities, （4） disillusionment and disappointment, and （5） a quest for intelligibility through narrative. Along the way I probe the narrator＇s residual romanticism as a little-addressed foundation of the novel＇s testimony to a generational sensibility. By examining the relationship between Coco the narrator and Coco the protagonist, I contend that the narrator＇s sustained self-remembering evokes her growing unease with neoliberal values. The tension between post-romantic cynicism and residual romanticism suggests the extent to which a supposedly dissident novel may entice precisely for the ways its deep structure reinforces dominant discourses. Whereas Coco the protagonist follows a logic of consumerism, Coco the narrator gestures to non-commercial values--loyalty, care, empathy, trust, and solidarity. Appreciating the novel＇s residual romanticism alongside its post-romantic cynicism sheds new light on the story, its context, ambiguous feminism, and reception.

Monitor and Acceptance among Couples in Romantic Relationships:Actor-Partner Interdependence Models Based on the Monitor and Acceptance Theory

Communication could be an essential part of couples in their daily life.Based on Monitor and Acceptance Theory(MAT),the present study explored the mediating role of communication in the relationship between mindfulness and relationship quality among college-student couples.The research examined the dynamic relationship of monitoring and acceptance to relationship satisfaction in the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model(APIM),and the mediating effect of positive or negative communications in these relationships.A total of 96 pairs of couples in the universities in Nanjing,China participated in the research.Momentary measurements were used to measure the momentary levels of their monitor,acceptance,positive/negative communication,and relationship satisfaction.A Hierarchical Linear Model(HLM)was used to deal with the APIM.Results showed that the women’s monitor facet of state mindfulness negatively predicted men’s relationship satisfaction through women’s negative communication,and the women’s acceptance facet of state mindfulness positively predicted women’s relationship satisfaction through women’s positive and negative communication at the within-person level.The study highlights the importance of cooperation in monitoring and acceptance for couples to own and hold high levels of relationship satisfaction.

I Hear America Singing

Whitman had a lifelong attachment to the grammatical form of the present participles and the poetic "I". In this thesis, I proposed that these devices constitute an essential part of his poetics and that they reflect and express some of this poet’s most fundamental ideas and beliefs about life and poetry. Here I used I HEAR AMERICAN SINGING, as illustration, in the hope that some of the conclusions I made here would help us to understand his other poems better.

Hart Crane:A Romantic Poet of the Complex Genre of High Modernism

For many decades Herold Hart Crane,an American poet,who played a very important role in the development of Modern American Literature in the early decades of 20th century,had been considered as a romantic poet by many critics for his romantic verses.His poetries are considered not only the reflection of the contemporary social phenomenon,ideology,and thoughts,rather they are prophetic.On the other hand,in the early decades of 20th century,in American society,modernism marked a simultaneous movement which tremendously affected the emergence of new values in field of politics,economy,lifestyle,literature,and literary thoughts.The influence of rapid industrializations and the First World War not only changed the philosophy of human life,but also changed the writing style of the contemporary American writers.The new crowded urban life,which is a result of rapid industrializations,and the fear of war made the human being selfish.Humans lost his romantic attitudes towards the literature.A complexity emerged.Hart Crane also could not avoid this complexity.If we study his life style,philosophy of life,and poetic diction,we will surely confine his intelligence not between romanticism and modernism separately.Rather,we can call him a Modernist Romantic poet.In short,Crane can be declared as a romantic poet of the complex genre of high modernism.

A Panorama of England and the English Through Translations of English Romantic Poetry Into Serbo-Croatian

The paper deals with the image of English, i.e., the way the English were represented, the country and the people, in translations of the poetry of major English Romantic poets into the Serbo-Croatian language, the official language of former Yugoslavia： Wordsworth, Coleridge, Byron and Shelley. The first translation of an English Romantic poem was published in 1831 at the time when Yugoslav peoples were split under foreign governments of Austro-Hungarian and Ottoman Empires and later, during the twentieth century, they were healing the wounds of the two world wars. The English were seen, or wanted to be seen as liberal, rebellious, ready to die for the just cause, through the verses of their major Romantic poets; in both centuries, some of them seemed apposite for translation while encouraging national liberation spirit and social justice, patriotism, and some were read in that key despite the original, thanks to translators＇ efforts to make it look that way. Translators were not solely guided by the assessment of the source culture readership and critics, but by the needs of the target culture too. As a result of such tendencies of adjusting Romantics to national purpose, Byron＇s satirical works remained completely neglected, Wordsworth was primarily seen as a poet of nature, and Coleridge＇s irrational visions were inappropriate for the 20th century dominant communist doctrine relying on rational, material rather than spiritual; Shelley＇s longer poems were not translated in its entirety, only its excerpts, explicitly emphasizing liberty and equality.

Reading Dickens Romantically： ＂Night Walks＂

This paper will examine the essay, ＂Night Walks＂ （2000）, to see how Charles Dickens （1812-1870）, a social-realist writer of the Victorian era, has used elements adapted from the Romantics in order to draw attention to the pitiable social conditions of Victorian London. Dickens＇ the realist paradoxically reflected a readiness to think and feel ＂without immediate external excitement＂. He expressed his alignment with Romanticism by way of a cultivation of feeling and empathizing. His genius was, as expressed by Bagehot, ＂essentially irregular and unsymmetrical＂ because he was ＂utterly deficient in the faculty of reasoning＂. His daily, or rather nightly walks provided him with the inspiration to follow the Romantic tradition of writing on walks. The essay under consideration, ＂Night Walks＂, clearly supports the notion that Romanticism was fallaciously opposed to realism. The paper will examine the ways in which the theme, style, and structure of the essay evoke the preoccupation of a Romantic soul--for whom the walk becomes a space for ＂encounter and reflection＂--and the Romantic mind which is empowered by ＂imaginative self definition or discovery＂.

Changing Characteristic of Romantic Poetry in the 19th Century

Change is the law of nature. Every writer enriches literature by coining new ideas. As Aristotle disagreed with Plato by saying that poetry is not blind but creative imitation, and emotions if remain pent up in mind, would erupt sooner or later like a volcano. Later on Classics have written poetry either to praise kings and queens, or to reform the society, but Romantics like Aristotle ushered against Classics and penned down writings bearing entirely different characteristics than earlier poetry with creative imagination. This paper is captivating study of the meanings and changing characteristics of romantic poetry during 19th century. Romanticism means having a visionary, imaginative or emotional appeal, to give emotions upper hand over reason. It was not a sudden movement, tends and tendencies were already there, which reached to its climax in hands of Blake, Wordsworth, Shelley, Keats and Byron, who awakened against Pope, Swift and Johnson. Romanticism has its origin in French revolution. The distinctive features of French revolution are freedom, brotherhood and equality. Romanticism was a revolt against the system through which they tried to change the status of common men. William Blake was foremost among romantics who believed that this vegetable world is, but only a shadow of the real world which is of imagination and attempted to convey the celestial message of love everywhere. In the poetry of Wordsworth and Coleridge, the naturalistic tendency remained more prominent, whereas Keats＇ and Shelley＇s poetry in a more specified sense was romantic marked by the emphasis on love of the supernatural, the marvelous and the exotic mythological world. Victorian poetry was not original like Romantics. Romantics introduced poetry bearing entirely different character than earlier poetry, with original ideas, whereas Victorian poets had written about social problems. Romantics were individualistically supreme in their ideas. Tennyson and Arnold took themes of their poetry from their surrounding, so no egoistic element was in the poetry of that century. Romantics introduced a change by plunging into imagination, whereas Victorians ended this trend by bringing readers into the world of realities, but there change was brought to provide momentarily relief and here its purpose was reformation.