An improved seed growth method for accurate stereo matching in disparity space

Matching is a classical problem in stereo vision. To solve the matching problem that components cannot continue growing on the occlusions region and repetitive patterns, an improved seed growth method is proposed. The method obtains a set of interesting points defined as initial seeds from a rectified image. Through global optimization the seeds and their neighbors can be selected in- to a match table. Finally the components grow with the matching points and create a semi-dense map under the maximum similar subset according to the principle of the unique constraint. Experimental results show that the proposed method in the grown process can rectify some errors in matching. The semi-dense map has a good performance in the occlusions region and repetitive patterns. This algorithm is faster and more accurate than the traditional seed growing method.

Effect of Saline-alkali Stress on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Oat

Neutral black soil was mixed with strong saline-alkali soil in different weight ratios, then physiological indexes during seed germination and seedling growth in soil of different ratios and the corresponding leaching liquor treatments were observed to explore effect of saline-alkali stress on oat seed germination and seedling growth, and analyze tolerance of oat to saline-alkali soil. The results showed that germination ability of oat seeds reduced with the increasing saline-alkali stress, salt injury index increased and seedling growth was inhibited. Effect of different saline-alkali stresses on germination ability of oat seeds showed difference, and effect of leaching liquor treatment on oat seed germination was stronger than that of soil treatment.

Allelopathic effects of extracts from Solidago canadensis L. against seed germination and seedling growth of some plants

To investigate the potential role of allelopathy in plant interference and in the successful invasion of alien species Solidago canadensis, aqueous and ethanolic extracts from rhizomes, stems and leaves of S. canadensis were prepared and used as treatment solutions to assess their effects on seed germination and seedling growth in four target species, mulberry （Morus alba）; morning glory （Pharbitis nil）, wheat （Triticum aestivum） and rape （Brassiea campestris）. Reduction and/or growth in germination and growth of the target plant species in the presence of both aqueous and ethanolic extracts at different concentrations indicated that the responses were species-specific and concentration-dependent. Generally, ethanolic extracts （especially from leaves） imposed stronger effects on both seed germination and seedling growth. Extracts with lower concentration at 0.001 g/ml dw could stimulate the seedling growth of rape and morning glory, whereas extracts at any given concentrations have inhibitory effects on wheat and mulberry. It is suggested that the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of all the three parts of S. canadensis have significant allelopathic effects. Although both inhibition and stimulation occurred in the germination and growth of the target species, extracts with higher concentrations definitely inhibit seed germination and seedling growth of all target plants. We suggest that allelopathy plays a more important role than other mechanisms do in the out-competition ofS. canadensis over other plants, and make it invasive in new habitats.

Effect of Cold Plasma Treatment on Seed Germination and Growth of Wheat

This study investigated the effect of cold helium plasma treatment on seed germina- tion, growth and yield of wheat. The effects of different power of cold plasma on the germination of treated wheat seeds were studied. We found that the treatment of 80 W could significantly improve seed germination potential （6.0%） and germination rate （6.7%） compared to the control group. Field experiments were carried out for wheat seeds treated with 80 W cold plasma. Com- pared with the control, plant height （20.3%）, root length （9.0%） and fresh weight （21.8%） were improved significantly at seedling stage. At booting stage, plant height, root length, fresh weight, stem diameter, leaf area and leaf thickness of the treated plant were respectively increased by 21.8%, 11.0%, 7.0%, 9.0%, 13.0% and 25.5%. At the same time, the chlorophyll content （9.8%）, nitrogen （10.0%） and moisture content （10.0%） were higher than those of the control, indicating that cold plasma treatment could promote the growth of wheat. The yield of treated wheat was 7.55 t-ha-1, 5.89% more than that of the control. Therefore, our results show that cold plasma has important application prospects for increasing wheat yield.

Effect of electrostatic field on seed germination and seedling growth of Sorbus pohuashanesis

A study was conducted to determine the effects of electrostatic field （ESF） treatment on seed germination and seedling growth of Sorbus pohuashanesis. The experiments were arranged by uniform design computed by the Data Processing System （DPS）, including three levels of seeds soaking time, four levels of ESF intensity and four levels of ESF treatment time, with 12 treatments. Ten seeds were used in each treatment with three replicates. Seed vigor, seed germinating ability, emergence rate of seedling, survival rate of seedling, and seedling height and diameter, as well as the change in activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, soluble protein contents, total chlorophyll contents, soluble total sugar contents in leaves of S. pohuashanensis seedlings were measured after ESF treatments. The experiment results show that ESF treatment could improve the water absorption ability of dry seeds of S. pohuashanensis, resulting in fast germination at room temperature under light conditions. Combined treatment of ESF with cold stratification could increase seed germination percentage significantly （to 42.20%）, promote seedling height growth, affect leaf SOD activity, and could raise contents of total chlorophyll, soluble protein, and total soluble sugar in leaves. Seed soaking time had a significant effect on seed relative electroconductivity, seed germination under light, SOD activity, soluble protein content and total soluble sugar content of seedling leaves. ESF intensity exerted a moderate effect on these indexes. ESF treatment time only had significant effect on total chlorophyll contents, no evident effect on other indexes.

Effects of Atmospheric Pressure Air Plasma Pretreatment on the Seed Germination and Early Growth of Andrographis paniculata

The objective of this paper is to demonstrate whether air plasma can change the seed germination characteristics, seedling emergence, as well as biochemical reactivity, in Andrographis paniculata （A. paniculata） seedlings by modifying the seed coat and finding a beneficial treatment dose. Eight treatment doses and one control were used to conduct electrical conductivity determination, a germination test, a seedling emergence test and a biochemical assay. The results showed that after being treated with air plasma excited at 5950 V for 10 s, the perme- ability of the seeds was improved significantly, resulting in the acceleration of seed germination and seedling emergence. In the meantime, the catalase activity and catalase isoenzyme expression were also improved, while the malondialdehyde content in the seedlings was decreased （which means greater counteraction with environmental stress）. After being treated with 4250 V for 10 s and 5950 V for 20 s, the seed germination was enhanced, but without an obvious change in seedUng emergence. However, after treatment with 3400 V for 20 s and 5100 V for 10 s, the permeability of the seeds was decreased, resulting in a delay in seedling emergence. These results indicate that air plasma can change the physiological and biochemical characteristics of Andrographis paniculata seeds by modifying the seed coat, combined with the effects of the active plasma species, and that different treating doses have different effects.

Preparation and characterization of AlN seeds for homogeneous growth

Large size AlN bulk crystal has been grown on SiC heterogeneous seed by physical vapor transport (PVT). The properties of AlN wafer were characterized by high resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD), Raman spectroscopy, etched method and atomic force microscope (AFM). Growth mechanism of AlN crystal grown on heterogeneous SiC seeds was proposed. Crystallization quality of AlN samples were improved with the growth process, which is associated with the growth mechanism. AlN single wafer has excellent crystallization quality, which is indicated by HRXRD showing the (0002),(1012) XRD FWHM of 76.3,52.5 arcsec, respectively. The surface of the AlN wafer is measured by AFM with a roughnessof 0.15 nm, which is a promising seed for AlN homogeneous growth.

Selected suitable seed cell, scaffold and growth factor could maximize the repair effect using tissue engineering method in spinal cord injury

Spinal cord injury usually leads to permanent disability, which could cause a huge financial problem to the patient. Up to now there is no effective method to treat this disease. The key of the treatment is to enable the damage zone axonal regeneration and luckily it could go through the damage zone; last a connection can be established with the target neurons. This study attempts to combine stem cell, material science and genetic modification technology together, by preparing two genes modified adipose-derived stem cells and inducing them into neuron direction; then by compositing them on the silk fibroin/chitosan scaffold and implanting them into the spinal cord injury model, seed cells can have features of neuron cells. At the same time, it could stably express the brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neurotrophin-3, both of which could produce synergistic effects, which have a positive effect on the recovery of spinal cord. The spinal cord scaffold bridges the broken end of the spinal cord and isolates with the surrounding environment, which could avoid a scar effect on the nerve regeneration and provide three-dimensional space for the seed cell growth, and at last we hope to provide a new treatment for spinal cord injury with the tissue engineering technique.

Seed-mediated growth of gold nanoparticles using self-assembled monolayer of polystyrene microspheres as nanotemplate arrays

Arrays of noble metal nanoparticles show potential applications in （bio-）sensing, optical storage, surface-enhanced spectroscopy, and waveguides. For all such potential devices, controlling the size, morphology, and interparticle spacing of the nanoparticles is very important. Here, we combine seed-mediated growth with nanosphere lithography to study the controllable growth of gold nanoparticles （Au NPs）, in which the self-assembly monolayer of polystyrene （PS） on a silicon surface is used to guide the modification of allaunesilanes and the subsequent adsorption of gold seeds; seed-mediated growth is applied to controlling the morphology and size of Au NPs. The size of adsorption region （determining the number of adsorbed gold seeds） is controlled by etching PS microspheres with oxygen plasma or annealing PS microspheres at the glass transition temperature. The size and morphology of the Au NPs are controlled by changing growth conditions. In such a way, we have achieved the dual control of the obtained Au NPs. Preliminary results show that this strategy holds a great promise. This approach can also be extended to a wide range of materials and substrates.

Kinetics of crystal growth on seeded precipitation of sodium aluminate solutions with new device

A new device was designed,which can effectively avoid the undesired nucleation and agglomeration of fine particles on the experimental results during the sead ed precipitation of sodium aluminate solution,and moreover,the experimental co nditions are nearly kept constant during the experiment. With the new device,it is proven that a good result can be obtained on the kinetics study of the cryst al growth in seeded precipitation of sodium aluminate solution.Experiments were carried out with the concentration of Na2O （Nk）170 g/L,the mole ratio of Na2O to Al2O3 （αk） all between 1.52 to 2.01,at 65,70,75 ℃,respectively. And the kinetics equation of crystal growth of gibbsite was deduc ed.

<i>Jatropha curcas L</i>. and <i>J. macrocarpa</i>Griseb: Seed Morphology, Viability, Dormancy, Germination and Growth of Seedlings

To achieve a good production of a crop, it is essential to know the ability of the species to successfully complete two critical stages in the life cycle such as germination and seedling establishment. In this paper we study in comparative form structure of the seed, the importance of tegument in dormancy, the effect of accelerated aging on seed germination and viability, and the early and late growth in J. curcas and J. macrocarpa. External morphology of the seeds allow difference and internally also the embryos show evident differences. J. macrocarpa germination is around 0% - 4%. The total removal of tegument showed a 50% increase and the other treatments between 0% - 10%. Aging accelerated by Tetrazolium test allowed a comparative analysis of VP and GP. J. curcas maintains both to 96 h, while J. macrocarpa the seed viability is registered along the all treatment. J. macrocarpa seeds have less synchronicity than those of J. curcas. ABA and JAs were detected in tegument of J. macrocarpa and J. curcas seeds. JA could have a roll in inhibition of germination of J. macrocarpa seeds. Early and late growth, FW and DW of root, hypocotyl, epicotyl and leaf of J. curcas were significantly different in both species.

Effects of simulated acid rain on seedling emergence and growth of five broad-leaved species

Seeds and seedlings of five broad-leaved species were separately exposed to simulated acid rain at pH values of 2.0, 3.5, 5.0, and 6.0, or to distilled water (the control). The results showed that seed germination was remarkably inhibited by pH 2.0 treatment for three species. Significant foliar damage, decline in chlorophyll contents, and retardation of the seedlings growth of all the species, were observed at pH 2.0 treatment. The pH 2.0 treatment seemed to be a threshold level for inhibition of seed germination and seedling growth for all the treated species, while seedling was stimulated at pH value between 3.5 and 5.0.

Seed Size Effects on Early Seedling Growth and Response to Applied Nitrogen in Annual Ryegrass (<i>Lolium multiflorum</i>L.)

Use of individual plants as experimental units may be necessary when resources are limited, but inter-plant variation risks obscuring differences among treatments. Experiments were undertaken to measure the effects of seed size on seedling size and response to applied nitrogen of annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.) harvested six or nine weeks after emergence. In two series of experiments, shoot and root dry weights of seedlings increased respectively at means of 53 - 61 and 29 - 30 mg·mg-1 increase in mean seed weight. Between the largest and smallest seed sizes used in this study, there was 83% difference in shoot weight at harvest six weeks after emergence and 22% difference with harvest nine weeks after emergence. Nitrogen (N) application, in comparison, increased shoot dry weights by averages of 69% and 77% with harvests at six or nine weeks, respectively. Dry mass response to N application was similar across seed size categories in shoots or roots. A mean 30% of total seedling-N was retained in roots. Nitrogen utilization efficiency for shoot growth (increase in shoot growth per unit increase in shoot N capture) ranged from 64 mg·mg-1 with harvest six weeks after emergence to 114 mg·mg-1 with harvest at nine weeks after emergence. Delay in seedling harvest from six to nine weeks post-emergence and use of closely-graded seed can reduce variation in individual seedling size and contribute to reduction in random variation in small-scale experiments.

The role of seed priming in improving seedling growth of maize (<i>Zea mays</i>L.) under salt stress at field conditions

Salinity is considered as a major abiotic stress affecting germination, seedling growth and crop production in arid and semi-arid regions. Many techniques are used to improve tolerance to salinity. Priming is believed to be an effective solution that increases germination, plant growth and improve yield of several vegetables and crops under saline soil condition. The objective of this study was to see the effect of seed priming with 5 g/L NaCl on maize seedling growth exposed to five salinity levels under field conditions. Maize seeds were soaked in 5 g/L NaCl solution for 12 h at room temperature. Primed and unprimed seeds were sown in pots and were irrigated with saline solutions of five concentrations (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 g/l NaCl). Each pot was irrigated with 200 ml saline solution of the desired treatment in two days interval. Priming seeds with NaCl significantly (P Zea mays. Further, this study needs to be continued if performance of mature maize plants could also be improved and yield could be increased by sowing primed seeds in saline soils.

Research on the Effects of Light Intensity and Seeding Density on the Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Liriodendron chinense

It provides a theoretical basis for the artificial promotion of the reproduction and regeneration of Liriodendron chinense through exploring the effects of light intensity and seeding density on the seed germination and seedling growth of this rare plant. Controlled experiments were conducted by setting different seeding densities and shading intensities to observe and detect the seed germination and seedling growth under different experimental conditions. The data were analyzed by SPSS and the model was fitted to calculate the seed germination rate, seedling emergence rate and seedling growth parameters of Liriodendron chinense, which were used to analyze the effects of seeding density and light intensity on the seed germination and seedling growth of Liriodendron chinense. Light has a significant impact on the seed germination and seedling growth of Liriodendron chinense (P P > 0.05). High density promotes the seedling height (the seedling height showed a rising trend with the increase of seeding density, reaching the highest at 500 seeds/m2. “3-stitch + 300 seeds/m2” combination is an appropriate condition for Liriodendron chinense reproduction since it can realize higher germination rate and better seedling growth potential. The seedling height and basal diameter growth curve of Liriodendron chinense fits well to the Logistic equation (R2 ≥ 0.977). Light has a significant impact on the seed germination and seedling growth of Liriodendron chinense, and appropriate shading treatment can increase the seed germination rate and seedling emergence rate of Liriodendron chinense. Seeding density has little influence on the seed germination rate of Liriodendron chinense, but high density will promote seedling height.

Vertical Bridgman Seeded Growth of Cd_(1-x)Zn_xTe Crystals

The method of vertical Bridgman seeded growth of Cdi.Zn.Te crystals was studied. This method ispromising in obtaining large size single crystals and improving the crystal structure. However, some prob-lems such as seeded growth failurc exist at present.(111)-oriented Cd_(0.96)Zn_(0.04)Te single crystal substrateswith size greater than 15×15 mm￣2 arc obtained. The FWHM ranges from 18 to 66 arc.sec and theresistivity is greater than 10￣6 obmem.

Significance of 125I radioactive seed implantation on growth differentiation factor and programmed death receptor-1 during treatment of oral cancer

BACKGROUND Oral cancer(OC)is the most common malignant tumor in the oral cavity,and is mainly seen in middle-aged and elderly men.At present,OC is mainly treated clinically by surgery or combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy;but recently,more and more studies have shown that the stress trauma caused by surgery and the side effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy seriously affect the prognosis of patients.AIM To determine the significance of 125I radioactive seed implantation on growth differentiation factor 11(GDF11)and programmed death receptor-1(PD-1)during treatment of OC.METHODS A total of 184 OC patients admitted to The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University from May 2015 to May 2017 were selected as the research subjects for prospective analysis.Of these patients,89 who received 125I radioactive seed implantation therapy were regarded as the research group(RG)and 95 patients who received surgical treatment were regarded as the control group(CG).The clinical efficacy,incidence of adverse reactions and changes in GDF11 and PD-1 before treatment(T0),2 wk after treatment(T1),4 wk after treatment(T2)and 6 wk after treatment(T3)were compared between the two groups.RESULTS The efficacy and recurrence rate in the RG were better than those in the CG(P<0.05),while the incidence of adverse reactions and survival rate were not different.There was no difference in GDF11 and PD-1 between the two groups at T0 and T1,but these factors were lower in the RG than in the CG at T2 and T3(P<0.05).Using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis,GDF11 and PD-1 had good predictive value for efficacy and recurrence(P<0.001).CONCLUSION 125I radioactive seed implantation has clinical efficacy and can reduce the recurrence rate in patients with OC.This therapy has marked potential in clinical application.The detection of GDF11 and PD-1 in patients during treatment showed good predictive value for treatment efficacy and recurrence in OC patients,and may be potential targets for future OC treatment.

Allelopathy of Gaseous Volatiles of Eupatorium adenophorum on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Pinus yunanensis

[ Objective] The paper was to understand allelopathy of gaseous volatiles of Eupatorium adenophorum stems and leaves on seed germination and seedling growth of P/nus yunnanens/s. [ Method] P. yunnanens/s seeds were treated by fresh stems and leaves of E. adenophorum in translucent airtight container under high concentration （0.069 4 g/cm3 ）, middle concentration （0.023 1 g/cm3 ） and lower concentration （0. 007 7 g/cm3 ）, respectively. [ Result] Gaseous volatiles affected seed germination process; with the increasing processing concentration, the day on which seeds began to germinate and the day reaching germination peak were delayed, and the germination quantity on the day reaching germination peak was decreased ; the day on which the germination quantity began to significantly re- duce was delayed ; the process curve was developed from sudden increase and sudden decrease to gentle change, and nearly became a beeline at high concentration. The effects of gaseous volatiles on seed germination （ seed germination rate, germination potential, germination index） and seedling growth （fresh weight, dry weight, radicle length, hypceotyl length） of P. yunnanens/s were basically consistent, showing a regularity that high concentration had stronger inhibition effect and the inhibition effect became weaker with the decreasing concentration of E. adenophorum. E. adenophorum was widely distributed under P. yunnanens/s forests, and might affect natural regeneration and growth of P. yunnanens/s via allelopathy. [ Conclusion ] The paper provides reference for scientific management of P. yunnanens/s forests.

Effect of Food Waste Compost (FWC) and its Non-Aerated Fermented Extract (NFCE) on Seeds Germination and Plant Growth

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the food wastes compost (FWC) and its non-aerated fermented extract (NFCE) on seed germination and growth of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), watercress (Nasturtium officinale), chili pepper (Capsicum annuum), peas (Pisum sativum L.), chickpea (Cicer arietinum) and beans (Vicia faba) under greenhouse conditions. The FWC and NFCE were physico-chemically and microbiologically characterized. The NFCE effect was evaluated on tomato, watercress, and chili pepper seeds germination and seedling growth. However, for leguminous, pea, chickpea and bean seedlings, the FWC amended soils and irrigated with NFCE were tested for plants growth. The results of FWC analyses revealed that FWC has neutral pH, low EC and C/N ratio, with fertilizing elements (N, P, K and Mg) and lack of phytotoxic effect. The NFCE was characterized by low EC and relatively high carbon content (COD = 9700 mg/l), and intense microbial activity, notably mesophilic bacteria. Therefore, in fermented compost extract, mesophilic bacteria were increased by 225, yeasts by 25 and molds by 10 times compared to those of the investigated compost. In greenhouse, the diluted NFCE increased significantly (p< 0.05) germination and growth of the tested seedlings. Used alone, the FWC amended soil or the NFCE irrigated soil, improved the growth of tested seedlings. The use of soil amended with compost and irrigated by fermented compost extract decreased significantly the growth of the same experimented seedlings. Therefore, the FWC and its fermented extract were a suitable substrate for germination and growth of the studied seeds.

Effect of different pre-sowing treatments on seed germination percentage and growth performance of Acacia auriculiformis

Seed morphology,germination and seedlings growth of Acacia auriculiformis were studied.The experiment was conducted in the nursery of Forestry and Wood Technology Discipline,Khulna University,Bangladesh.Matured seeds of the species were collected from healthy trees of road side plantation from different areas of Khulna District,Bangladesh and treated with five pre-sowing treatments（control,immersion in cold water,immersion in hot water,scarification with sand paper and immersion in concentrated H2SO4）.The average length,breadth and thickness were found to be（0.58±0.017） cm,（0.44±0.007） cm and（0.20±0.089） cm,respectively.Germination was conducted in polybags with a mixture of top soil,coconut husk,coarse sand,and fine sand in a ratio of 3：4：1：1.Results reveal that pre-sowing treatments influences the germination rates of seeds that significantly increase the percentage germination compared with those in control（43%） and cold water treatment（52%）.The highest germination success rate was found 83% in hot water treatment followed by 78% in scarification with sand paper,and 75% with immersion in H2SO4.Germination started from 7 to 12 days and completed between 28 and 35 days period in all treatments.ANOVA showed the significant difference（p0.05） among the treatments in seed germination,but no significant difference among treatment with regard to starting day,closing day and total germination period.In case of height and diameter growth,seedlings originated from the seeds with hot water treatment shows significantly higher in wet season（from May to July）.Hot water treatment can be recommended on seed germination of the species in rural Bangladesh.