Integrated Design and Accuracy Analysis of Star Sensor and Gyro on the Same Benchmark for Satellite Attitude Determination System

As an important sensor in the navigation systems,star sensors and the gyro play important roles in spacecraft attitude determination system.Complex environmental factors are the main sources of error in attitude determination.The error influence of different benchmarks and the disintegration mode between the star sensor and the gyro is analyzed in theory.The integrated design of the star sensor and the gyro on the same benchmark can effectively avoid the error influence and improves the spacecraft attitude determination accuracy.Simulation results indicate that when the stars sensor optical axis vectors overlap the reference coordinate axis of the gyro in the same benchmark,the attitude determination accuracy improves.

Dynamic Balancing Structure Optimal Design for the Rotating Arc Sensor

Rotating arc sensor is a key device for automation welding. The vibration has a big influence on signal's correct collection and reliable automatic welding. In order to solve the vibration problem and the dynamic balancing design with the restricted space,a bearing force analysis based dynamic balancing structure optimal design is proposed and implemented with the help of Pro/Engineer( PROE) and automatic dynamic analysis of mechanical systems( ADAMS) virtual prototype technology, in which three parameters of the counterbalance are considered. The method is suitable for the practical online adjustment. The simulation result shows that optimal design based counterbalance structure and parameters can satisfy the space requirement with lower vibration. The methodology provides a new idea for dynamic balancing design and adjustment of rotating arc sensor with adjustable rotation radius.

Sensor Fault Diagnosis Observer Design for Linear Sampled-Data Descriptor System with Time-Vary Delay

In this paper, a robust sensor fault diagnosis observer with non-singular structure is proposed for a class of linear sampled-data descriptor system with state time-vary delay. Firstly, a sampled-data descriptor model with time-vary delay is proposed and transformed into a discrete-time non-singular one. Then, a robust sensor fault diagnosis observer is proposed based on the state estimation error and the measurement residual, this observer can guarantee the robustness of the residual against the augmented disturbance and the sensor fault, which means the H∞ performance index is satisfied. As the confining matrix of the designed observer parameters does not meet the Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI), a cone complementary linearization (CCL) algorithm is proposed to solve this problem. The decision logic of the residual is obtained by the residual evaluation function. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the method.

Cross Layer Design for Cooperative Transmission in Wireless Sensor Networks

Several protocols and schemes have been proposed to reduce energy consumption in Wireless Sensor Net-works (WSNs). In this paper we employ farcoopt, a cross layer design approach with the concept of coop-eration among the nodes with best farthest neighbor scheme to increase the Quality of Service (QoS), reduce energy consumption, increases performance and end-to-end throughput. We present cooperative transmission to connect previously disconnect parts of a network thus overcoming the separation problem of multi-hop network. We show that this approach improves connectivity over 50% compared to multi-hop approaches and reduces the number of nodes necessary to provide full coverage of an area up to 35%. Simulation results show that on increase of data rates i.e. packet the network life time increases in farcoopt as compared to tra-ditional multi hop approach. The result of this analysis is presented in this work.

Cross Layered MAC Design for RF Energy Harvesting Sensor Network

The main research objective in wireless sensor networks (WSN) domain is to develop algorithms and protocols to ensure minimal energy consumption with maximum network lifetime. In this paper, we propose a novel design for energy harvesting sensor node and cross-layered MAC protocol using three adjacent layers (Physical, MAC and Network) to economize energy for WSN. The basic idea behind our protocol is to re-energize the neighboring nodes using the radio frequency (RF) energy transmitted by the active nodes. This can be achieved by designing new energy harvesting sensor node and redesigning the MAC protocol. The results show that the proposed cross layer CL_EHSN improves the life time of the WSN by 40%.

混流式水稻烘干塔温度远程监测系统设计

针对混流式水稻烘干塔温度难以远程监测的问题,设计了一种基于Python和LoRa技术的温度远程监测系统。系统以STM32F1单片机硬件系统为下位机,通过PT1000温度传感器测得烘干塔温度信息,判断水稻烘干塔干燥状态,并通过LoRa无线模块将状态信息传输至上位机人机界面实时显示。生产试验结果表明:整套系统数据传输性能稳定,传输距离远,数据传输成功率达96%以上,满足复杂工作环境要求,能够实现粮食干燥过程的温度实时监测功能。

Low Power Transceiver Design Parameters for Wireless Sensor Networks

Designing low power sensor networks has been the general goal of design engineers, scientist and end users. It is desired to have a wireless sensor network (WSN) that will run on little power (if possible, none at all) thereby saving cost, and the inconveniences of having to replace batteries in some difficult to access areas of usage. Previous researches on WSN energy models have focused less on the aggregate transceiver energy consumption models as compared to studies on other components of the node, hence a large portion of energy in a WSN still get depleted through data transmission. By studying the energy consumption map of the transceiver of a WSN node in different states and within state transitions, we propose in this paper the energy consumption model of the transceiver unit of a typical sensor node and the transceiver design parameters that significantly influences this energy consumption. The contribution of this paper is an innovative energy consumption model based on simple finite automata which reveals the relationship between the aggregate energy consumption and important power parameters that characterize the energy consumption map of the transceiver in a WSN;an ideal tool to design low power WSN.

感应器封装检测一体机的设计与应用

目前国内可穿戴感应器的装配方式主要为人工装配,不仅效率低,而且容易出现误操作,造成产品质量不稳定。对此,设计了感应器封装检测一体机。介绍了感应器封装检测一体机的结构和功能,分析了工作流程,并与人工装配进行对比。感应器封装检测一体机可以实现可穿戴感应器的装配、检测全过程自动化,有效提高装配效率和合格率,具有一定的应用与推广价值。

CMOS图像传感器辐射敏感参数测试电路设计及试验验证

以航天领域广泛应用的CMV4000型CMOS图像传感器(CIS)为研究对象,通过开展CIS辐射敏感参数测试电路设计,将CIS辐照电路板与测试电路板中FPGA数据采集及传输板分离,辐照电路板与测试电路板通过接插口通信,从而实现开展辐照试验时对FPGA数据采集部分进行辐射屏蔽防护,避免FPGA数据采集板受到辐射影响。开展了CIS测试电路中的电源模块、数据采集、存储模块、外围电路等设计及PCB版图的布局布线设计。采用VerilogHDL硬件描述语言对各个功能模块进行驱动时序设计,实现CIS辐射敏感参数测试功能。通过开展CMV4000型CIS ^(60)Coγ射线辐照试验,分析了平均暗信号、暗信号非均匀性、暗信号分布等辐射敏感参数随总剂量增大的退化规律,验证了CIS辐射敏感参数测试系统的可靠性。

传感器原理与设计“金课”建设

“金课”建设对于实现以学生为中心、提升人才培养质量具有重要作用。主要介绍了课程团队在“传感器原理与设计”“金课”建设方面的实践和探索,围绕“金课”的高阶性、创新性、挑战度设计了课程的理论与实践教学环节。通过充分挖掘思政元素、引入信息化教学手段、创新教学内容和方法,将三级项目、讨论课、实验相结合,构建多元化考核和评价体系等方式,激发学生的学习兴趣,培养学生的创新思维、工程意识和道德素养,提高学生解决工程问题的综合能力,体现对学生知识和能力的综合评价。

基于PLC和调速装置的纸机能耗控制系统设计

为提高造纸机真空部的自动化控制水平,提升造纸企业的成本控制能力,基于PLC和真空度传感器等硬件对变频器功率实施控制,进而实现对水泵和真空泵的动态调整,使水流量和变频器功率维持在较低水平,降低造纸机干燥部运行能耗。为实现该系统的工业应用,提出了纸机能耗控制系统的主程序流程,同时采用WinCC(Windows Control Center,视窗控制中心)组态软件为上位机设计人机交互界面。该操作界面简洁美观、交互友好,可帮助车间工作人员实时掌握纸机真空部运行数据,合理调整真空部变频器运行功率,实现低能耗生产。

基于多传感数据融合的室内空间适老化环境监测系统设计

针对当前多传感数据融合算法性能不够理想导致室内空间适老化环境监测效果较差的问题,提出一种改进的多传感数据融合算法。提出一种变长数据融合算法(VLDFA)来消除冗余数据,对蜻蜓优化算法(DA)进行改进,结合改进DA和改进BP神经网络(BPNN),构建多传感数据融合模型。结果显示,该模型的精度超过98%。在温度误差与湿度误差监测比较中,所提出的模型的温度误差平均值为0.34℃,优于另外2种模型,表明该模型的多传感数据融合效果较为良好,能够很好地调整老年人居住环境。

柔性电容式压力传感器性能优化的研究进展

柔性电容式压力传感器具有低能耗、高灵敏度、高稳定性等优点,在可穿戴设备、电子皮肤等柔性电子领域受到广泛关注。概述了以复合介电层和微结构设计为代表的柔性电容式压力传感器灵敏度提升方法,并介绍了柔性电容式压力传感器在追求高灵敏度和宽检测范围方面通常采用的多级复合结构、复合机制和混合响应策略,最后对柔性电容式压力传感器发展趋势进行了展望。

铁路系统中传感器的低功耗电源管理系统设计

探讨铁路系统中无线传感器的低功耗电源管理策略,并提出一种创新的改进策略。先介绍了铁路传感器系统的架构和相关的能源管理电路设计,然后分析了系统的状态转换过程,包括状态切换时间点和功耗问题。基于这些分析,提出一种自适应功耗模块激活策略,该策略根据传感器传输数据的频率和重要性来动态调整功耗模块的激活频率。此外,还研究了基于状态切换的功率优化方法,以最大限度地减小功率消耗。

近地轨道高精度一体式星敏感器热设计及仿真验证

某型高精度一体式星敏感器指向精度高,对温度变化非常敏感。其所处近地轨道外热流复杂多变,一体式结构和内热源集中的综合因素不仅导致散热设计困难,而且镜头直接受到内热源发热影响难以保障指向精度。首先,结合轨道参数,安装布局获得星敏感器平均吸收外热流。然后,通过分析外热流与内热源工作情况,采用被动热控和主动热控相结合的热设计方法,并对星敏感器散热面的位置与大小进行设计与计算。最后,根据轨道环境和热控措施并利用热仿真软件进行热分析验证。仿真结果表明,安装法兰温度为19.82℃~20.10℃,镜头轴向温差小于2.23℃,周向温差小于0.48℃,电路盒温度为19.10℃~23.49℃,满足热控指标。通过合理的热控设计保证了极高精度星敏感器的稳定工作条件,星敏感器的热设计合理有效。

基于视觉传感器的智能小车设计与实践

为更好地参加全国大学生智能汽车竞赛,本文提出一套以LPC54608为核心的智能小车系统,设计并制作了硬件电路系统。以单目摄像头为主要传感器,联动其他传感器对赛道情况进行系统感知,提取目标路径并进行优化,而后根据车辆结构设计控制算法来跟踪目标路径。实验测试结果表明,小车在2.4m/s的速度之下能正确识别各种赛道路径,并且在赛道上可以稳定行驶。

硅压阻式压力传感器耐冲击设计改进

在液压伺服系统中,压力传感器是重要的测量器件,其中硅压阻式压力传感器应用最为广泛。由于压力传感器会遇到压力冲击的恶劣环境,强烈的压力冲击会造成压力敏感芯体的波纹膜片凹陷,甚至撕裂,最终导致传感器的失效。为了解决该问题,该文利用液压系统的阻尼原理,在压力传感器内增加了阻尼设计。利用AMESim软件对设计进行建模和仿真,并对改进后的传感器进行实际测试。结果表明,阻尼设计改进可以提高硅压阻式压力传感器的耐冲击性。

FBG传感器在沥青路面中的应用研究进展

近年来,日益发展的光纤传感技术为路面实时健康监测提供了新的方法。本文基于光纤感知原理,分析了光纤Bragg光栅(FBG)传感器尺寸及结构设计特点,总结了FBG传感器在道路温度及应变场中的实测应用过程,梳理了FBG传感器在不同道路病害中的健康监测手段。结果表明:合理的封装材料及尺寸设计可以保护FBG传感器;FBG传感器在温度及应力场中应用时,能够准确掌握路面内部结构温度、应变分布规律;针对不同道路病害,选择不同类型光纤传感器可以实现道路健康状态实时监测。

微尺度3D打印柔性传感器创新实验设计与实践

介绍了一种利用微尺度3D打印柔性应变传感器的实验设计及实践,旨在培养学生的创新意识和实践能力,提高教学质量和水平。该实验借助微尺度3D打印技术,实现了传感器微型化和高精度制备,有效地提升了传感器的灵敏度和稳定性。在实践过程中,学生需要独立进行实验设计、制备和测试,注重实验数据的统计和分析,培养了学生的创新思维和实践操作能力。

基于频率响应特性的土壤墒情检测研究

土壤墒情的测量是实施节水灌溉的基础,是实现农业灌溉自动化的关键环节。本文设计了一种基于频率响应特性的土壤墒情检测装置,当土壤墒情发生变化时,内部介电常数也会发生变化,导致极板电容值发生变化,最终使得电路的频率特性发生变化。为了使极板对频率特性变化的反应最灵敏,设计了3种不同的串联负载,通过多频段内分析频率特性函数,得到了最优的工作频率35 MHz和555Ω的负载阻值。提出了理论值乘比例系数的标定方法,测试结果表明:传感器标定后的理论值与试验值拟合良好,决定系数R^(2)=0.877,满足农业灌溉对土壤水分检测的要求。