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Effects of Slow-release Nitrogen on Dry Matter Accumulation,Translocation and Yield of Summer Maize
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作者 Yongfeng XING Guoli CHEN +6 位作者 Changmin WEI Weimeng XU Wanyou SONG Guizhi LI Yanwei WAN Enzhong ZHOU Weifang LI 《Agricultural Biotechnology》 2024年第3期11-13,共3页
[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the effects of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer on dry matter accumulation and translocation of summer maize.[Methods]With Zhoudan 9 as the test variety,six differen... [Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the effects of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer on dry matter accumulation and translocation of summer maize.[Methods]With Zhoudan 9 as the test variety,six different treatment were set up:blank control(CK1),slow-release urea 75 kg/hm^(2)(C1),slow-release urea 150 kg/hm^(2)(C2),slow-release urea 225 kg/hm^(2)(C3),slow-release urea 300 kg/hm^(2)(C4)and ordinary urea 300 kg/hm^(2)(CK2),to study the change law of dry matter accumulation and translocation in summer maize.[Results]Treatment slow-release urea 225 kg/hm^(2)(C4)showed summer maize yield,dry matter translocation between organs,grain contribution rate and proportion of grain dry matter in the full ripe stage higher than other treatments.Considering the weight loss and cost factors,slow-release urea 225 kg/hm^(2)(C3)could be recommended as the fertilizing amount for summer maize.[Conclusions]This study provides theoretical reference for rational selection of fertilizers for reducing fertilizer application and increasing fertilizer efficiency,and for production of summer maize in Shajiang black soil region. 展开更多
关键词 slow-release nitrogen fertilizer Summer maize Dry matter accumulation TRANSLOCATION
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Effects of Slow-release Nitrogen Fertilizer on Yield and Nitrogen Accumulation of Summer Maize in Shajiang Black Soil Area
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作者 Yongfeng XING Changmin WEI +7 位作者 Guoli CHEN Weimeng XU Wanyou SONG Guizhi LI Wenwei ZHOU Yanwei WAN Enzhong ZHOU Weifang LI 《Agricultural Biotechnology》 2024年第2期72-74,共3页
[Objectives] This study was conducted to verify the field application effect of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer on summer maize in Shajiang black soil area by simultaneous sowing and fertilization, and explore the ap... [Objectives] This study was conducted to verify the field application effect of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer on summer maize in Shajiang black soil area by simultaneous sowing and fertilization, and explore the application scope and nitrogen metabolism mechanism, so as to lay a foundation for fertilizer reduction and efficiency improvement. [Methods] With maize variety Beiqing 340 and sulfur-coated urea as experimental materials, five nitrogen application levels were set, namely, control (C0), slow-release nitrogen 70 kg/hm^(2) (C70), slow-release nitrogen 140 kg/hm^(2) (C140), slow-release nitrogen 210 kg/hm^(2) (C210) and slow-release nitrogen 280 kg/hm^(2) (C280). The phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were all in accordance with the unified standard. [Results] With the application rate of slow-release nitrogen increasing, the nitrogen accumulation in organs increased first and then decreased after tasseling stage of maize. In order to reduce the fertilizing amount and increase efficiency, 210 kg/hm^(2) of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer was the best fertilizing amount for summer maize in Shajiang black soil area. [Conclusions] This study provides reference for fertilizer reduction, efficiency improvement and sustainable development of summer maize in Shajiang black soil area. 展开更多
关键词 slow-release nitrogen fertilizer Shajiang black soil Summer maize Nitrogen metabolism YIELD
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The dynamic response of a high-density polyethylene slow-release structure under launching overload
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作者 Ke-Bin Zhang Wen-Bin Li +2 位作者 Yu Zheng Wen-Jin Yao Chang-Fang Zhao 《Defence Technology(防务技术)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第8期143-156,共14页
Based on the 60 mm artillery grenade,a slow-release structure was designed to reduce the severity of ammunitions response to accidental thermal stimulation and improve the thermal stability of ammunitions.The slow-rel... Based on the 60 mm artillery grenade,a slow-release structure was designed to reduce the severity of ammunitions response to accidental thermal stimulation and improve the thermal stability of ammunitions.The slow-release structure was made of high-density polyethylene(HDPE) and connected the fuse and the projectile body through internal and external threads.To study the safety of the slowrelease structure under artillery launching overload,mechanical analysis of the slow-release structure was simulated via finite element analysis(FEA).The impacts of various factors(e.g.,fuse mass,number of threads,and nominal diameter of internal threads of the slow-release structure) on the connection strength of the slow-release structure were studied.A strength-prediction model based on the fuse mass and internal thread parameters was established by fitting the maximum effective stress of the slowrelease structure.This led to good prediction results.In conclusion,this study provides references and theoretical support for the design of thermal protection structures insensitive to ammunition. 展开更多
关键词 Artillery ammunition HDPE Finite element analysis slow-release structure Threaded connection
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Optimization of slow-release fertilizer application improves lotus rhizome quality by affecting the physicochemical properties of starch
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作者 ZHAO Shu-ping DENG Kang-ming +4 位作者 ZHU Ya-mei JIANG Tao WU Peng FENG Kai LI Liang-jun 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第4期1045-1057,共13页
To achieve the dual goals of high yield and good quality with low environmental costs,slow-release fertilizer(SRF)has been widely used in lotus cultivation as new type of fertilizer instead of traditional nitrogen fer... To achieve the dual goals of high yield and good quality with low environmental costs,slow-release fertilizer(SRF)has been widely used in lotus cultivation as new type of fertilizer instead of traditional nitrogen fertilizer.However,the optimal amount of SRF and how it would promote lotus rhizome quality remain unclear.This study was designed to investigate the photosynthetic characteristics and the synthesis,accumulation,and physicochemical properties of lotus rhizome starches under six SRF levels(CK,S1,S2,S3,S4,and S5).Compared with CK(0 kg ha^(–1)),the net photosynthetic rate(P_(n))and SPAD values of leaves remained at higher levels under SRF treatment.Further research showed that SRF increased the lotus rhizome yield,the contents of amylose,amylopectin,and total starch,and the number of starch granules.Among the six SRF levels,S3(1035 kg ha^(–1))showed the greatest difference from CK and produced the highest levels.With the increasing SRF levels,the peak,hot and final viscosities decreased at first and then increased,but the setback viscosity and pasting temperature increased.In order to interpret these changes at the molecular level,the activities of key enzymes and relative expression levels of starch accumulation related genes were analyzed.Each of these parameters also increased under SRF treatment,especially under the S3 treatment.The results of this study show that SRF,especially S3(1035 kg ha^(–1)),is a suitable fertilizer option for lotus planting which can improve lotus rhizome quality by affecting starch accumulations related enzymes and genes.These results will be useful for SRF application to high-quality lotus rhizome production with low environmental costs. 展开更多
关键词 Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. slow-release fertilizer(SRF) lotus rhizome yield STARCH gene expression
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Impacts and Demonstration Effects of Applying Long-acting Slow-release Fertilizer on Economic Yield of Peanut
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作者 Hongjie TANG Jiejie ZHANG +1 位作者 Qingfu DU Yanxue DANG 《Asian Agricultural Research》 2023年第5期49-51,共3页
[Objectives]To study the impacts and demonstration effects of long-acting slow-release fertilizer application on economic yield of peanut.[Methods]The 25,30,35,40,45,50 kg of long-acting slow-release fertilizers were ... [Objectives]To study the impacts and demonstration effects of long-acting slow-release fertilizer application on economic yield of peanut.[Methods]The 25,30,35,40,45,50 kg of long-acting slow-release fertilizers were applied to 667 m 2 of peanuts,and different amounts of urea were applied together.[Results]Applying 40 kg of long-acting slow-release fertilizer and 10.45 kg of urea had the best effect.Compared with the application of ordinary compound fertilizers,the plants did not age prematurely,the leaf diseases were mild,the stems and leaves remained dark green when harvested,and the stems and leaves had a longer functional period.Bearing shoots increased by 1.7,single-plant full pods increased by 2.4,double-seed peanuts increased by 3.2,empty pods decreased by 0.5,and single-seed peanuts decreased by 0.7.The experimental demonstration results show that the spring-sowed peanuts had an average yield increase of 29.0-67.2 kg/667 m 2,and the yield increase rate was 7.35%-16.89%,and the difference was extremely significant.[Conclusions]In the high-yield cultivation of peanuts,the application of long-acting slow-release fertilizer can be promoted to improve peanut production. 展开更多
关键词 PEANUT Long-acting slow-release fertilizer Economic traits Yield-increase effect
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Effects of Slow-release Fertilizer and Balanced Fertilization on Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Uptake in Peppers 被引量:1
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作者 张忠武 王建新 +4 位作者 鲁耀 段宗颜 彭荣珍 周敏 杨景华 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2015年第7期1457-1461,共5页
Field plot experiment was conducted to study the effects of two slow-re- lease fertilizers and balanced fertilization on dry matter accumulation, yield, fertilizer use efficiency, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium up... Field plot experiment was conducted to study the effects of two slow-re- lease fertilizers and balanced fertilization on dry matter accumulation, yield, fertilizer use efficiency, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium uptake of peppers at Jiangna Town, Yanshan County, Yunnan Province in 2011. The results showed that the dry matter accumulation in dried pepper plant, pepper yield, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium uptake in peppers were significantly increased in all the fertilizer treat- ments, compared with those in control (no fertilizer). Compared with conventional fertilization, balanced fertilization, slow-release compound fertilizer and slow-release urea fertilizer significantly increased dried pepper economic output by 20.94%, 17.5% and 14.54%, nitrogen uptake in dried peppers by 21.53%,18.46% and 13.19%, phosphorus uptake in dried peppers by 14.08%, 15.76% and 10.44%, potassium uptake in dried peppers by 22.66%, 15.73% and 16.28%; they also in- creased nitrogen and potassium use efficiency, but reduced potassium use efficiency due to the increased potassium addition. In treatments with balanced fertilization, slow-release compound fertilizer and slow-release urea fertilizer, the nitrogen utiliza- tion was 5.84%, 7.14% and 8.33% higher and the phosphorus utilization was 3.32%, 3.27% and 2.47% higher than those in treatment with conventional fertiliza- tion. In addition, the nitrogen application could be reduced by 20%-50% by bal- anced fertilization and the two slow-release fertilizers, thereby reducing environmen- tal pollution. Slow-release fertilizers could also reduce the frequency of fertilization and labor costs. 展开更多
关键词 slow-release fertilizer Balanced fertilization Dried pepper NPK uptake Fertilizer use efficiency
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Effects of Soil Nitrate Nitrogen Residues and Leaching for Different Kinds of Slow-release Nitrogen Fertilizers in Tall-fescue Soil
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作者 谷佳林 方瑞元 +4 位作者 徐凯 张东雷 张宜霞 刘善江 张玉铎 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2013年第7期1017-1020,共4页
ObjectiveThe aim was to explore the movement of nitrate nitrogen in tall-fescue soils by different kinds of slow release nitrogen fertilizers. MethodBased on infiltration-tanks and test plots, a new and environment fr... ObjectiveThe aim was to explore the movement of nitrate nitrogen in tall-fescue soils by different kinds of slow release nitrogen fertilizers. MethodBased on infiltration-tanks and test plots, a new and environment friendly fertilizer was explored. ResultThe results show that compared with urea treatment, slow-release nitrogen fertilizer treatments could reduce nitrate nitrogen content and leaching amount in soils. Compared with PCU30 and IU treatments, the PCU60 treatment became more efficient in reducing nitrate content and leaching amount in 0-90 cm soil layer. ConclusionIn summary, slow-release nitrogen fertilizer, which can reduce soil nitrate content and leaching losses, is a kind of novel fertilizer with high environmental benefit and promising application. 展开更多
关键词 slow-release nitrogen fertilizers Tall fescue Residues of nitrate nitrogen LEACHING
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Preliminary Report on Application Effects of Slow-release Formula Fertilizer in Tea Plants
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作者 陈勋 王友平 +4 位作者 王红娟 毛迎新 杨先进 邓海州 蔡智桂 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2016年第10期2303-2307,共5页
In order to accelerate the construction of green production mode for tea in Hubei Province, improve the yield of tea and use efficiency of fertilizers, and improve the quality of tea, application effects of special sl... In order to accelerate the construction of green production mode for tea in Hubei Province, improve the yield of tea and use efficiency of fertilizers, and improve the quality of tea, application effects of special slow-release formula fertilizer in tea plants were investigated in Wuhan. The results showed that compared with conventional fertilization, application of tea plant-specific slow-release formula fertilizer improved the yield of tea by more than 30%. The amino acid content in tea was increased by 21.05% and 30.82%, respectively, and the income was increased 27 696 (33.88%) and 27 624 (33.79%) yuan/hm2, respectively. 展开更多
关键词 Tea plant Specific slow-release formula fertilizer Application effect
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Comparison of Nutrient Release Characteristics from Coated Controlled/Slow-release Fertilizers 被引量:2
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作者 陆乐峰 王殿武 +1 位作者 李晓欣 张芮华 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2011年第5期768-772,共5页
[Objective] The study aimed at comparing the characteristics of nutrient release from coated controlled/slow-release fertilizers,so as to provide theoretical reference for improving the farming practice and fertilizer... [Objective] The study aimed at comparing the characteristics of nutrient release from coated controlled/slow-release fertilizers,so as to provide theoretical reference for improving the farming practice and fertilizer application,reducing pollution in Baiyangdian Lake and the surrounding area.[Method] Soil column leaching method was used to study NH4-N and NO3-N leaching characteristics from five kinds of nitrogen fertilizers including three coated controlled/slow-release fertilizers.[Result] Resin and sulfur coated controlled/slow-release urea decreased NH4-N concentration obviously,controlled NO3-N release in early term of experiment,while increased the content of NH4-N + NO3-N in middle-late periods.Compared with that of common urea,the NH4-N of resin and sulfur coated controlled/slow-release urea decreased by 98.5%,98.7% in early period,96.5%,97.4% in middle period,and 59.1%,81.75% in last period.[Conclusion] Resin and sulfur coated controlled/slow-release urea significantly reduced the NH4-N concentration,effectively controlled the NO3-N release in early stage and increased the supply of NO3-N in last period. 展开更多
关键词 Coated controlled/slow-release fertilizers NH4-N NO3-N Leaching loss
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Effect of commercial slow-release urea product on in vitro rumen fermentation and ruminal microbial community using RUSITEC technique 被引量:4
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作者 Yongmei Guo Ling Xiao +3 位作者 Long Jin Sumei Yan Dongyan Niu Wenzhu Yang 《Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2022年第5期1499-1512,共14页
Background:The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of commercial slow-release urea(SRU)on in vitro fermentation characteristics,nutrient digestibility,gas production,microbial protein synthesis and b... Background:The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of commercial slow-release urea(SRU)on in vitro fermentation characteristics,nutrient digestibility,gas production,microbial protein synthesis and bacterial community using a rumen simulation technique(RUSITEC).The experiment was a completely randomized design with four treatments and four replications of each treatment.Treatments were:control diet(no SRU addition),control diet plus 0.28%SRU(U28),or plus 0.56%SRU(U56),and control diet that was modified substituting a part of soybean meal equivalent to 0.35%SRU(MU35;dry matter[DM]basis).The experiment consisted of 8 d of adaptation and 7 d of data and sample collection.Rumen inoculum was obtained from three ruminally fistulated Angus cows fed the same diet to the substrate incubated.Results:Digestibility of DM,organic matter(OM),crude protein(CP),fibre and starch was not affected,but daily production of gas(P<0.07)and methane(P<0.05)was quadratically increased with increasing SRU supplementation.The increase of SRU addition did not affect fermentation pH and total volatile fatty acid(VFA)production,whereas linearly(P<0.01)decreased proportion of propionate,and linearly(P<0.01)increased acetate to propionate ratio and ammonia nitrogen(N)concentration.The microbial N efficiency was also linearly(P<0.03)improved with increasing supplementation of SRU.In comparison with control diet,the dietary substitution of SRU for part of soybean meal increased(P<0.05)the digestibility of DM,OM and CP and decreased(P<0.02)the total gas production.The total VFA production and acetate to propionate ratio did not differ between control and MU35,whereas the proportion of butyrate was lower(P<0.05)and that of branched-chain VFA was greater(P<0.05)with MU35 than control diet.Total and liquid-associated microbial N production as well as ammonia N concentration were greater(P<0.03)with MU35 than control diet.Observed operational taxonomic units(OTUs),Shannon diversity index,and beta diversity of the microbial community did not differ among treatments.Taxonomic analysis revealed no effect of adding SRU on the relative abundance of bacteria at the phylum level,while at the genus level,the beneficial impact of SRU on relative abundance of Rikenellaceae and Prevotellaceae in feed particleassociated bacteria,and the abundance of Roseburia in liquid associate bacteria was greater(P<0.05)with MU35.Conclusions:Supplementation of a dairy cow diet with SRU showed potential of increase in ammonia N concentration and microbial protein production,and change fermentation pattern to more acetate production.Adding SRU in dairy cow diet also showed beneficial effect on improving digestibility of OM and fibre.The results suggest that SRU can partially substitute soybean meal in dairy cow diet to increase microbial protein production without impairing rumen fermentation. 展开更多
关键词 Artificial rumen system Dairy cow diet Fermentation characteristics slow-release urea
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Effective remediation of cadmium and lead contaminated soils by a novel slow-release phosphate amendment 被引量:2
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作者 YAO Wen-bin HUANG Lei +3 位作者 ZHAO Fei-ping YANG Zhi-hui LIU Yi SU Chang-qing 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2022年第4期1185-1196,共12页
Phosphate is widely used to immobilize cadmium(Cd)and lead(Pb)in soils through the insoluble metal phosphate precipitation.However,an increase in the phosphorus content of the environment can cause new pollution.In th... Phosphate is widely used to immobilize cadmium(Cd)and lead(Pb)in soils through the insoluble metal phosphate precipitation.However,an increase in the phosphorus content of the environment can cause new pollution.In this study,five slow-release phosphate amendments(SRPAs)were synthesized and their characteristics including BET,SEM,FTIR,swelling ratio,and thephosphorus release were determined.The results show that SRPA was a sphere with a network structure with a specific surface area of 5 to 7.18 m^(2)/g andcontained phosphate,hydroxyl,carboxyl and other functional groups.Among five SRPAs,S3 sample showed good performance for phosphate release.Phosphate release from SRPA was well fitted with Ritger-Peppas model with constant n between 0.45 and 0.85,indicating that the phosphate release was in accordance with non-Fickian diffusion.As compared with monocalcium phosphate(MCP),SRPA application led to a lower concentration of water-soluble phosphorus in the soil sample and higher remediation efficiencies of Cd and Pb.The remediation efficiencies of water-soluble Cd and Pb in soil with SRPA were 97.1%and 97.9%,respectively.The remediation efficiencies of bioavailable Cd and Pb were 71.85%and 76.47%,respectively.The results of Tessier extraction showed that the exchangeable and carbonatebound fractions of Cd and Pb in the soil sample after SRPA application significantly reduced,while the residual fraction increased,indicating the stability of heavy metals increased. 展开更多
关键词 heavy metal PHOSPHATE slow-release amendment soil remediation
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THE EFFECT OF BASIC FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR SLOW-RELEASE MICROCAPSULES ON ANGIOGENESIS IN INFARCTED RABBIT MYOCARDIUM 被引量:3
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作者 朱洪生 连锋 郑家豪 《Chinese Medical Sciences Journal》 CAS CSCD 2000年第4期210-213,共4页
Objectives To observe the effect of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) slow-release microcapsules on angiogenesis in infarcted myocardial regions. Methods.Myocardial infarction was induced in 24 New Zealand rabbits... Objectives To observe the effect of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) slow-release microcapsules on angiogenesis in infarcted myocardial regions. Methods.Myocardial infarction was induced in 24 New Zealand rabbits by ligating the root of left anterior descending coronary artery.Group Ⅰ(n=8) served as control, group Ⅱ(n=8) as a blank microcapsule group, group Ⅲ(n=8, each microcapsule contains 1μg bFGF) as micrpcapsule group.In group Ⅱ and Ⅲ, 5 blank microcapsules or bFGF slow-release microcapsules were implanted into myocardium underneath the epicardium between the left anterior descending coronary artery and left circumflex artery.Infarct size was evaluated by infarcted weight/left ventricle weight ratio and angiogenesis was evaluated by immunohistochemical examinations 5 weeks later. [WT5”BX] Results.As compared with group Ⅰ and Ⅱ, rabbits treated with bFGF slow-release microcapsules showed higher microvessel counts (group Ⅰ3775±450, group Ⅱ3837±498,vs.group Ⅲ 13550±481,P<0001) and less infarcted weight /left ventricle weight (group Ⅰ168%±04%,group Ⅱ167%±05%,vs.group Ⅲ 70%±02%,P<0001). Conclusions.Subepicardial administration of bFGF slow-release microcapsule in the infarcted rabbit model results in effective angiogenesis and reduction in infarct size. 展开更多
关键词 basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) ANGIOGENESIS slow-release microcapsule
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Effects of Slow-release Fertilizers and Sugarcane-specific Fertilizers on Yield and Quality of Sugarcane 被引量:3
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作者 Qing LIAO Zepu JIANG +3 位作者 Ying XING Shao'e YANG Guifen CHEN Panxia LIANG 《Asian Agricultural Research》 2018年第6期72-74,84,共4页
The effects of slow-release fertilizers and sugarcane-specific fertilizers on the growth and quality of sugarcane were studied to provide a theoretical basis for cultivation of sugarcane with lower costs but higher ef... The effects of slow-release fertilizers and sugarcane-specific fertilizers on the growth and quality of sugarcane were studied to provide a theoretical basis for cultivation of sugarcane with lower costs but higher efficiency. Field experiments were carried out in two major sugarcane areas in Guangxi and three fertilization treatments were studied: single application of compound fertilizers( treatment I),compound fertilizers + slow-release fertilizers( treatment II) and sugarcane-specific base fertilizers + sugarcane-specific topdressing( treatment III). Effects of equal fertilization conditions of treatment I,II and III on growth,yield and sugar of sugarcane were studied. The three fertilization treatments had little effects on emergence,tillering,and effective stems of sugarcane,but compared with the treatment of compound fertilizer( treatment I) with a ratio of N,P,and K of 1∶1∶1,treatment II using slow-release fertilizers as topdressing had better growth,higher plant height and stem diameter,so the yield was higher. Treatment III designed sugarcane-specific fertilizers with proper ratio according to fertilizer demands of sugarcane. Besides,the treatment III sugarcane-specific base fertilizers,containing certain amount of organic matters,could promote the sugar accumulation of sugarcane. Therefore,the sugarcane yield of treatment III was higher than that of treatment II. In conclusion,slow-release fertilizers and sugarcane-specific fertilizers can significantly increase sugarcane yield,especially sugarcane-specific fertilizers. Sugarcane-specific fertilizers have reasonable ratio and contain certain amount of organic matters,and can increase sugar content,obtain significant economic benefits,so it is worth popularization in large areas. 展开更多
关键词 slow-release fertilizer Sugarcane-specific fertilizer SUGARCANE GROWTH YIELD
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Hybrid rice yield response to potted-seedling machine transplanting and slow-release nitrogen fertilizer application combined with urea topdressing 被引量:3
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作者 Tengfei Lyu Jie Shen +5 位作者 Jun Ma Peng Ma Zhiyuan Yang Zou Dai Chuangang Zheng Min Li 《The Crop Journal》 SCIE CSCD 2021年第4期915-923,共9页
Machine transplanting and the application of slow-release nitrogen(N) fertilizer(SRNF) have played vital roles in the modernization of rice production. We aimed to determine the effects of potted-seedling transplantin... Machine transplanting and the application of slow-release nitrogen(N) fertilizer(SRNF) have played vital roles in the modernization of rice production. We aimed to determine the effects of potted-seedling transplanting—a new machine-transplanting method—and SRNF on hybrid rice yields. A 2-year splitplot experiment(2016–2017) was conducted in Meishan, Sichuan province, China, using two machinetransplanting methods(potted-seedling and blanket-seedling) and three N treatments. Total green leaf area, high-effective leaf area and its rate at heading, net photosynthetic rate of flag leaves 7 days after heading, glutamate synthase(GOGAT) and glutamine synthase(GS) activity after heading, dry matter production, and N accumulation at heading and maturity increased under the potted-seedling method or 70% SRNF as a base + 30% urea application at the panicle initiation stage(SBUP). Stem diameter and number of small and of all vascular bundles at the neck–panicle node in potted-seedling plants increased as a result of increasing numbers of effective panicles, secondary branches, and spikelets. In pottedseedling plants, treatment with SBUP increased the number of large and total vascular bundles at the panicle–neck internode and the number of differentiated and surviving secondary branches and spikelets and decreased the number of ineffective tillers and degenerated secondary branches and spikelets. We conclude that the potted-seedling machine transplanting method and SRNF combined with urea topdressing can strengthen the source–sink relationship in rice, resulting in higher yields. 展开更多
关键词 Potted-seedling machine transplanting slow-release nitrogen fertilizer Urea topdressing Branches and spikelets Yield
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Effect of slow-release iron fertilizer on iron-deficiency chlorosis, yield and quality of Lilium davidii var.unicolor in a two-year field experiment 被引量:2
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作者 Yang Qiu ZhongKui Xie +5 位作者 XinPing Wang YaJun Wang YuBao Zhang YuHui He WenMei Li WenCong Lv 《Research in Cold and Arid Regions》 CSCD 2018年第5期421-427,共7页
Iron deficiency chlorosis of Lilium davidii var. unicolor is often the case in practice in alkaline soils of northwest region of China. It is difficult to control iron chlorosis because of high cost and short effectiv... Iron deficiency chlorosis of Lilium davidii var. unicolor is often the case in practice in alkaline soils of northwest region of China. It is difficult to control iron chlorosis because of high cost and short effective work time of conventional iron fertilizers. In this study, a 2-year field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of two slow-release fertilizers on the suppression of iron deficiency chlorosis, soil chemical properties, and the yield and quality of L. davidii var. unicolor. Results show that both coated slow-release iron fertilizers and embedded slow-release iron fertilizer effectively controlled iron-deficiency chlorosis. The application of slow-release iron fertilizers significantly increased plant height and chlorophyll content of L. davidii var. unicolor at different growth stages. Furthermore, coated iron fertilizer application significantly increased starch, protein, soluble sugar and vitamin C content of L. davidii var. unicolor, and it also significantly improved total amino acid content, with increases in essential amino acids(Trp, Leu, Lys, Phe, Val, and Thr contents) and in nonessential amino acids(Asp, Glu, Cit, Ihs, Acc, Ala, Pro, and Cys contents). It was concluded that application of coated slow-release iron fertilizer could be a promising option for suppression of iron deficiency chlorosis and deserves further study. 展开更多
关键词 slow-release fertilizer iron-deficiency chlorosis Lilium davidii var.unicolor LONG-TERM
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The clinical observation of slow-released morphine tablets by rectum in the treatment of the patients with moderate to severe cancer pain 被引量:2
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作者 Ping Duan 《The Chinese-German Journal of Clinical Oncology》 CAS 2007年第6期594-595,共2页
Objective: To observe the effect of slow-released morphine tablets by rectum in treating the patients of moderate to severe cancer pain with server nausea and vomiting or dysphagia. Methods: 54 cases of cancer patient... Objective: To observe the effect of slow-released morphine tablets by rectum in treating the patients of moderate to severe cancer pain with server nausea and vomiting or dysphagia. Methods: 54 cases of cancer patients with server nau- sea and vomiting symptoms or dysphagia were treated with slow-released morphine tablets by rectum, 30-90 mg/time, once every 12 hours. The drug dose was titrated by degree of pain, and the effects and adverse effects were observed. Results: The total effective rate was 81.48%, complete response rate was 51.85% (28/54), and the partial response rate was 29.63% (16/54); there were no obvious toxicities, and the common adverse symptoms included nausea (16.7%) and vomiting (9.3%). Conclusion: The treatment of slow-released morphine tablet by rectum could effectively control cancer pain, the adverse effects were slight than that by mouth. It is safe and effective to be worthy of the adhibition in clinic. 展开更多
关键词 advanced cancer pain slow-released morphine tablet RECTAL
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Delaying application time of slow-release fertilizer increases soil rhizosphere nitrogen content,root activity,and grain yield of spring maize 被引量:1
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作者 Guanghao Li Pengxiao Fu +2 位作者 Guigen Cheng Weiping Lu Dalei Lu 《The Crop Journal》 SCIE CSCD 2022年第6期1798-1806,共9页
Application of slow-release fertilizer(SF)is a nutrient-management measure aimed at improving maize nutrient use and yield and saving labor cost.One-time application of SF at sowing usually results in nutrient deficie... Application of slow-release fertilizer(SF)is a nutrient-management measure aimed at improving maize nutrient use and yield and saving labor cost.One-time application of SF at sowing usually results in nutrient deficiency during the post-silking stage,owing to the long growth period of spring maize.This study was conducted to investigate the effects on spring maize of SF application stage(zero,three-,and six-leaf stages,designated as SF0,SF3,and SF6,respectively)on grain yield,total soil rhizosphere nitrogen(N)content,and root activity,in comparison with the conventional fertilization mode(CF,application of compound fertilizer at sowing time,and topdressing urea at six-leaf and tasseling stages)at the same fertilization level as the control.Compared with no fertilization(F0)and CF,SF increased grain number and weight.The maize cultivars Suyu 30(SY30)and Jiangyu 877(JY877)produced the highest grain yield and net return under SF6 treatment over the three years.SF6 increased enzymatic activities including oxidoreductase,hydrolase,transferase,and lyase in rhizosphere soil at silking(R1)and milking stages(R3).SF6 increased the total N contents of rhizosphere soil by 7.1%at R1 and 9.2%R3 stages compared with SF0.The activities of antioxidant enzymes in roots were increased under SF6 treatments at R1and R3.The mean root activities of SF0,SF3,and SF6 increased by 7.1%,12.8%,and 20.5%compared with CF at R1 and by 8.8%,13.0%,and 23.5%at R3.Delaying the application time of SF could increase grain yield by increasing total N content of rhizosphere soil,delaying root senescence,and increasing root activity at the late reproductive stage.Applying SF at the six-leaf stage is recommended as an effective fertilization strategy for the sustainable production of spring maize in southern China. 展开更多
关键词 Spring maize slow-release fertilizer Fertilization stage Root activity Grain yield
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Candelilla Wax as Natural Slow-Release Matrix for Fertilizers Encapsulated by Spray Chilling 被引量:1
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作者 Noe Navarro-Guajardo Edgar Miguel Garcia-Carrillo +7 位作者 Carlos Espinoza-Gonzalez Ruben Tellez-Zablah Fatima Davila-Hernandez Jorge Romero-Garcia Antonio Ledezma-Perez Jesus Alfonso Mercado-Silva Claudia Anahi Perez Torres Nicolaza Pariona 《Journal of Renewable Materials》 SCIE 2018年第3期226-236,共11页
Efforts to improve crop yields with efficient use of fertilizers are needed to guarantee global food security.Enhanced slow-release fertilizer systems(SRFs)encapsulated in biodegradable matrices are being developed to... Efforts to improve crop yields with efficient use of fertilizers are needed to guarantee global food security.Enhanced slow-release fertilizer systems(SRFs)encapsulated in biodegradable matrices are being developed to address this global concern.From a wide range of strategies for SRFs development,we explored a natureinspired solution based on the plant cuticle model and its function as a membrane for water and nutrient transport control.Here,Candelilla wax,extracted from Candelilla wild plants(Euphorbia antisyphilitica),is studied as a renewable slow-release matrix for fertilizers encapsulated by a modified spray chilling process.From this process,microencapsulates containing 40 wt%of phosphorus fertilizer are obtained with distinctive sizes and chemical characteristics,presenting a slow-release behavior.Considering the abovementioned features,novel insights into fertilizer release mechanisms based on plant cuticle models are discussed. 展开更多
关键词 Candelilla wax ENCAPSULATION PHOSPHORUS slow-release fertilizers(SRFs) spray chilling
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Control Effect of Slow-release, Long-acting and Multi-functional New Pesticides on Sugarcane Borders and Woolly Aphids 被引量:1
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作者 Wenfeng LI Rongyue ZHANG +6 位作者 Xiaoyan WANG Hongli SHAN Jiong YIN Yonglei MAO Chao FANG Zhiming LUO Yingkun HUANG 《Agricultural Biotechnology》 CAS 2018年第6期97-100,共4页
In order to select the long-acting,low toxic,low-risk and multi-functional new pesticides for the control of sugarcane borders and woolly aphids and precise and efficient application technology,the control effect of 1... In order to select the long-acting,low toxic,low-risk and multi-functional new pesticides for the control of sugarcane borders and woolly aphids and precise and efficient application technology,the control effect of 10% monosultap · thiamethoxam granular formulation and 1% Bt · clothianidin granular formulation on sugarcane borders and woolly aphids were studied.The results showed that 10% monosultap·thiamethoxam GR and 1% Bt·clothianidin GR had good control effects on sugarcane borders and woolly aphids.They were ideal slow-release,long-acting,low toxic and multi-functional new pesticides used to control sugarcane borders and woolly aphids.They could be used alternately with other pesticides to delay the emergence and development of pest resistance to pesticides.The best dosage of the two pesticides in the field was 45 kg/hm^2.They could be mixed with fertilizer( 1200-1800 kg/hm^2),scattered in sugarcane ditches or at the base of sugarcane plants,and covered with soil or film from January to July.The control effect on dead heart seedlings damaged by borers could be up to above 79.2%,and the control effect on sugarcane woolly aphids could reach more than 98.8%.In comparison with the control group,the actual yield and sugar content of sugarcane increased by above 41 555 kg/hm^2 and 6.5% respectively.The application of slow-release,long-acting,strong systemic and multi-functional new agents with fertilizer around roots is convenient,precise and efficient,labor-saving,time-saving and environmentally friendly,and is worthy of being widely applied in sugarcane areas. 展开更多
关键词 slow-release and LONG-ACTING AGENTS PRECISE application of PESTICIDES SUGARCANE borders and woolly APHIDS Control effect
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Used for the Study of Nitrogen Fertilizer Slow-Release Carrier Life Sludge
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作者 LI Junlong XIE Peng +2 位作者 YAN Fangfang QIU Qing FENG Qiming 《矿物学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2013年第S1期46-46,共1页
After the sewage treatment, putting the wet sludge in which the heavy metal content is extremely low, corrupt and broken straw, bentonite, urea in proportioning according to the certain ratio, mixing well-distributed,... After the sewage treatment, putting the wet sludge in which the heavy metal content is extremely low, corrupt and broken straw, bentonite, urea in proportioning according to the certain ratio, mixing well-distributed, taking the shape of Nitrogen slow-release fertilizers, doing the dynamic bioleaching test by the method of Artificial rainfall simulation, researching the slow-release characteristic, water retention. When the mass ratio of the wet sludge whose water content is 82.5%: bentonite: corrupt and broken straw: urea is 62.5: 12.5: 12.5: 12.5, drip washing the 10g Nitrogen slow-release fertilizers by the 80ml distilled water after 48h, the residue rate of urea is 29.63%; Under the room temperature of 25 ℃, 77%RH, moisture evaporate 46.32% after 60 h. The results demonstrate that the slow-release fertilizer has a good release-effect of nitrogen and water conservation effect. It provides the basic for the development and application of the sewage in the aspect of Nitrogen slow-release fertilizers. 展开更多
关键词 LIFE SLUDGE BENTONITE corrupt and broken STRAW UREA nitrogen slow-release fertilizers
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