Evaluation of Social Environment Impact of Highway Construction Using Gray Matter-Element Information Entropy Model

Due to the importance of the social environment impact of highway construction project, an advanced evaluation is required to incorporate situations such as uncertainty, incompatibility and less information. This paper proposes a gray matter-element evaluation model based on the information entropy. The model is developed by combining both quantitative and qualitative methods, using probability theory to convert quantitative index to qualitative index, and the weight of those indexes were determined through synthesised integral weighting method, integrating matter-element theory, grey theory, and information theory. The model is then applied to evaluate the impact of the social environmental impact of highway construction project which will provide support for decision makers. Cheng-Yu highway and Shen-Da highway were selected for model application, and good results were achieved similar to the real situation.

The social environment is most important for not using snus or smoking among adolescents

Aims: To identify factors, which were related to being smoke-free and snus-free, respectively, among adolescents in relation to adolescents who were smoking and/or using snus, and determine if there were any sex differences. Methods: A questionnaire study was performed among students in year two in upper secondary schools (17-years-old) in southern Sweden in 2009. More than 2200 students completed the questionnaire regarding health and living habits anonymously. The variables were tested by χ2-test, before selection into the logistic model. Because of the salutogenic approach in the study, the results of the logistic regression analyses were expressed as Positive Odds Ratio (POR). Results: The prevalence of being smoke- free was 75.6 percent for girls and 70.2 percent for boys, whilst the prevalence of being snus- free was 95.1 percent for girls and 70.2 percent for boys. Having a tobacco-free best friend was the most important factor that correlated with being smoke- and snus-free as an adolescent, for both boys and girls. Good living habits, such as drinking less alcohol, were also central to being smoke-free and snus-free. Conclusions: The results show that a tobacco-free environment has a great influence on whether or not adolescents stay tobacco-free. As the environment has a big impact, the school has a big challenge to work with the school environment and policies but also with family responsibility, norms and attitudes to tobacco.

Based on Multimedia and Network Social Environment--A study of Pragmatic Acquisition in College English Teaching

With the progress of the times,the number of college students is growing exponentially.But the students who enter the university are various and have their own advantages and disadvantages.Among them,the polarization of students'English level is particularly obvious and serious.Therefore,in view of the contradiction between"not enough to learn"and"unable to learn",this paper makes a preliminary exploration on the pragmatic acquisition mode of College English teaching based on multimedia and network social environment.This paper mainly discusses and analyzes the concept of pragmatic acquisition mode and about how to implement it in practical teaching.In addition,this paper is only for reference in the English teaching industry.

Identification of Heterogeneity of Social and Economic Environment of Land Uses in China

The robust principal component analysis （RPCA） is a technique of multivariate statistics to assess the social and economic environment quality. This paper aims to explore a RPCA algorithm to analyze the spatial heterogeneity of social and economic environment of land uses （SEELU）. RPCA supplies one of the most efficient methods to derive the most important components or factors affecting the regional difference of the social and economic environment. According to the spatial distributions of the levels of SEELU,the total land resources of China were divided into eight zones numbered by Ⅰ to Ⅷ which spatially referred to the eight levels of SEELU.

Research on Coupling Relationship between Social Economy and Ecological Environment in Jinghe County of Aiby Lake Basin,Xinjiang

Based on the theory of sustainable development,using the theory and method of coupling relationship,the main city of Aiby Lake basin——Jinghe County in Xinjiang is selected. Based on the analyses of natural condition,population growth,land use type and ecological environment,the comprehensive evaluation index systems of socio-economic development level and eco-environment quality in Jinghe County are constructed. Using principal component analysis,a comprehensive evaluation of socio-economic development level and ecological environment quality in Jinghe County is conducted by combining with Excel. Their coupling relationship is studied,and quantitative coordination degree between social economy and ecological environment in Jinghe County is obtained. The results show that in recent 50 years,socio-economic development level in Jinghe County is rising,but the ecological environment quality is falling. Their coupling degree C changes during [- 1. 260, ＋ 0. 482],in other words,their coupling relationship is changing between ＂ reluctant coordination＂ and ＂ not coordination＂. After entering into the 21 stcentury,their coupling relationship is basically ＂ reluctant coordination＂. On this basis,the existing problems in the process of sustainable development in Jinghe County are analyzed,and the suggestions about promoting coordinated development between social economy and ecological environment are put forward.

Corporate Social and Environmental Reporting Institutionalized

External Corporate Social and Environmental Reporting （CSER） finds its raison d＇etre in corporations＇ search for both a license to operate and accountability towards society. This suggests a relationship between corporations and society. In this study, that relationship is analyzed, specifically the relationship between levels of CSER and economic institutions. A strong link with institutions is an outcome of institutionalization. The economic institutions applied are economic freedom and legal origin as a proxy for national corporate governance systems. The results of this descriptive study show associations between CSER levels and economic freedom. CSER is also related to national corporate governance systems through legal origin. CSER appears to be institutionalized, or in any case, corporations seem to be aware of the economic institutionalization of CSER.

Analysis of the relationship between environmental policies and air quality during major social events

Based on an analysis of major recent social events in China,such as the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games,2010 Shanghai World Expo,2014 Nanjing Youth Olympic Games,and 2014 Beijing Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation Conference,mandatory,temporary,and indemnificatory quantitative policies aimed at protecting air quality,which were carried out by both central and local governments,made substantial contributions to changes and improvements in air quality.To some extent,the findings show that command and control measures play a significant role in protecting air quality,while the law and economic and voluntary environmental safeguard measures do not during major social events.Therefore,it reminds us the air quality could and will improve not only during major social events but also in the regular days if we implement appropriate environmental policies and safeguard measures.

BASF Issues First Report on Economic,Environmental,and Social Performance

Seven key indicators standardize and integrate transparency BASF, the world’s leading chemical company, will enhance its transparency in Greater China by reporting annually on seven key financial, social and environmental indicators: sales, number of employees,

极端降雨条件下淤地坝系溃决损失计算方法

近年来,由于自身“服役”状态欠佳和汛期极端降雨天气频发,淤地坝在发挥综合效益的同时面临着溃决风险。这对下游人民生命财产和生态环境保护造成极大威胁。因此,亟需提出极端降雨条件下淤地坝系溃决损失的定量计算方法。基于“家谱法”坝系溃决风险分析程序FT-IWHR、溃口流量程序DB-IWHR、一维洪水演进计算程序,提出淤地坝系溃决—洪水演进全过程计算方法,结合李—周法生命损失计算模型等,构建涵盖生命损失、经济损失、社会环境影响3方面的溃决损失计算方法体系;并在西五色浪流域淤地坝系进行应用。结果表明:警报时间对生命损失数量影响极大,充分警报和无警报下生命损失数量相差10倍左右且降雨量超过100年一遇后损失激增,坝系以中小型淤地坝溃决为主。溃决损失计算方法可实现对淤地坝系溃决损失进行快速量化评估,为淤地坝系安全度汛和病险坝除险加固工作提供技术支撑,同时建议西五色浪流域做好中小型淤地坝的溃决风险防控工作。

企业数字化转型对环境社会责任的影响研究--“末端治理”还是“源头控制”?

本文基于2006—2020年我国A股上市企业数据,考察企业数字化转型对企业环境社会责任的影响及机制。研究发现:企业数字化转型对企业“源头控制”环境社会责任有显著正向影响,对“末端治理”环境社会责任有显著负向影响,并实现了企业从“末端治理”向“源头控制”的转变。实证结论在经一系列稳健性检验与内生性处理后依然成立。机制分析发现,数字化转型能通过员工绿色行为、企业环境社会关注意愿及全要素生产率影响企业的环境社会责任。调节效应发现,公司治理与融资成本能进一步调节数字化转型对两种环境社会责任的影响。异质性分析发现,数字化转型对非国有、高环境规制及高学历高管在承担“源头控制”环境社会责任上有着更显著的影响。动机分析发现,企业之所以从“末端治理”向“源头控制”环境社会责任的转变,其动机在于后者对企业价值有着更为显著的正向影响,而数字化转型在其中会进一步强化这一影响。

Analysis on diversified socialized relief system for solving environmental infringement

Nowadays,facing severe environmental threats and frequent pollution accidents,China is forced to pay more attention to how to relieve the damages caused by environmental infringement in a timely and effective way during the subsequent treatment.Since environmental damages nowadays are indirect,latent,and complicated,the traditional civil remedy by individuals is no longer an ideal solution to the problem.Therefore,a new system is required to protect the legal rights and interests of the injured party.Under the title of"Analysis on Diversified Socialized Relief System to Solve Environmental Infringement",this essay adopted several research methods including document research,comparative analysis,specific normative analysis,and combination of theory and practice in order to analyze systems on environmental liability insurance,compensation fund for environmental pollution damages,special deposits in advance(sinking fund),etc..The analysis aims to help build a diversified socialized relief system which is suitable for China to solve environmental infringement.

环境工程专业社会调查实践课建设探索与思考

为积极响应党和国家建设生态文明社会,更好地结合大学生实践课与专业课,开展了环境工程专业社会调查实践课。目前,环境工程专业的社会调查主要面临着诸多问题,如理论和实践脱轨、学生缺乏自主教育、考核指标单一等问题。针对存在的问题,结合学院实际情况,提出了一系列包括理论和实践相融合、教师引导教育和学生自主教育相结合、教学和科研相结合、结果评价和过程评价相融合在内的教学建设方法,以期强化学生对环境工程理论知识的理解,加深学生的专业认知度,提升学生的科研能力,为国家输出更多的环保人才。

促进还是抑制:社会信任对绿色生活方式的影响机制

绿色生活方式转型对推动生态文明建设具有重要意义。基于价值—信念—规范理论和信任—信息—合作模型等,构建“社会信任—环境风险感知—环境关心—绿色生活方式”的理论分析框架,采用中国综合社会调查(CGSS)2021年数据,运用结构方程模型,探索社会信任对绿色生活方式的影响机制,分析环境风险感知和环境关心的中介效应。研究表明:(1)居民社会信任程度的提高,可以直接激发绿色生活方式意愿,从而间接促进绿色生活方式行为;(2)居民社会信任程度的提高,会降低环境风险感知,间接抑制绿色生活方式行为;(3)社会信任会通过降低环境风险感知而减少环境关心,再同时间接抑制绿色生活方式意愿和行为。社会信任对绿色生活方式的双重作用机制表明,社会信任可能是一把“双刃剑”:社会信任虽然能直接促进绿色生活方式的形成,推动绿色生活方式的转型,但是也可能通过降低环境风险感知和环境关心,抑制绿色生活方式的意愿和行为。因此,培育居民绿色生活方式可直接聚焦环境风险感知和环境关心,激发居民保护环境的内在情感和动力,以有效促进居民绿色生活方式的转型。

混合所有制改革与民营经济高质量发展——基于企业ESG表现视角的研究

以2013—2021年沪深A股上市公司为研究样本,实证检验了国有资本参股对民营企业ESG表现的影响。研究发现,国有资本参股程度越高,民营企业ESG的表现越好。机制检验表明,国有资本参股通过提高环保补助、强化社会责任信息披露质量和降低第二类代理成本提高民营企业的ESG表现。此外,国家股参股和国有股权参与度高的企业中,国有资本参股对民营企业ESG表现的促进作用更为显著。分项检验发现,国有资本参股主要通过提高社会和治理维度来提高民营企业的ESG表现,而国有资本参股对环境表现的提高作用存在环境治理和压力的差异性。

推进环境、社会和治理与生态环境科学的结合

环境、社会和治理(Environmental,Social and Governance,ESG)是指从环境、社会和公司治理三个维度来评估企业经营的可持续性与对社会价值观念的影响。随着可持续发展与生态文明的理念逐渐成为共识,ESG也成为实践和研究的热点。ESG关注环境和可持续发展,但当前ESG研究与生态环境科学的结合明显不足。简要回顾了中国的ESG实践,并将其自2005年起分为起步阶段(2005—2009年)、发展阶段(2010—2017年)和全面深化阶段(2018年至今)。通过对主流的ESG评价指标体系与联合国可持续发展目标的关系进行分析,发现二者高度相符,表明ESG与生态环境科学联系密切。再根据国内外ESG研究文献分析,发现现有研究多围绕上市公司和金融机构展开,研究者主要来自金融、经济、社会、管理乃至商务等领域,当前ESG研究与生态环境科学存在脱节,总体上与生态环境科学的结合还有待发展和深入。在此基础上,文章指出应尽快推进ESG研究与生态环境科学的结合,并对未来如何开展相关实践与研究进行了展望,以期为生态环境领域学者开展ESG研究提供参考。

数字金融提升企业ESG表现的机制研究——基于“环境—社会—治理”三维绩效分析

数字金融的发展提高了金融服务的可得性和便利性,并改善了信息环境,可以增强企业绿色化转型、履行社会责任、完善公司治理的动力和能力,从而提高企业的环境绩效、社会绩效和治理绩效,最终实现ESG表现的显著提升。采用沪深A股上市公司2011—2021年的数据分析发现:数字金融发展显著提升了企业ESG表现,并对环境绩效、社会绩效和治理绩效均具有显著正向影响;数字金融覆盖广度和使用深度增加对企业ESG表现的提升作用显著,但数字化程度提高的影响不显著;数字金融发展可以通过促进增加绿色投资和加强环境管理来提升环境绩效,通过降低内部薪酬差距和提高产品质量来提升社会绩效,通过增加分析师关注度和改善内部控制来提升治理绩效;数字金融发展对绿色全要素生产率较高、产品竞争力较强和受儒家文化影响较大企业ESG表现的提升作用更为显著。因此,应促进金融科技与企业ESG表现深度融合,推进ESG信息公开标准化,强化对企业ESG表现的监督管理;企业应提高生产效率、增强产品竞争力、培育先进企业文化,着力于环境绩效、社会绩效和治理绩效的协同提升。

乡村振兴中国家与农民关系的社会化调适

乡村振兴战略实施中的政策实践,指向了社会学持续关注的国家与农民关系问题。公共资源下乡中国家与农民之间的互动不仅在器物和组织两个层面展开,还集中体现在价值层面。在乡村振兴的积极案例中,国家与农民关系的新形态表现为器物层面上国家资源与社会需求的有效对接,组织层面上社会动员能力的提升,价值层面上农民国家认同感的强化。国家输入的公共资源只有以高度社会化的方式与农民互动时,农民才可能按照特定的行动逻辑将“国家”内化于心,国家权力才算实现了社会合法性的确认和再生产。为了实现国家与农民关系的社会化调适,社会治理公共性的建设不应停留于权力运作的策略层面。国家应充分发掘、激活蕴藏于乡村社会中的本土资源,将自上而下输入的公共资源转化为推动乡村社会开展自主建设的内生要素。如此,公共资源的下乡才能在推动乡村振兴的过程中,促成国家濡化能力在基层的再造,实现现代国家在社会中的扎根和成长。

“上海亲子队列”平台及其在临床研究应用中的思考

心理健康、行为生活方式及环境质量改变是社会经济飞速发展的突出性衍生问题,亟需通过出生队列长期研究,关注物质及社会环境因素对超大城市人群健康的影响,寻找新时期疾病的发病规律和危险因素。“上海亲子队列”采用“社区+产科医院+学校”的全方位精细随访方式,对6714对母婴进行了孕早-中-晚期、分娩期及子代从出生到6岁期间的13次随访,建成了含标准化问卷、母儿疾病诊断、儿童体格生长、体成分、脊柱弯曲异常、肤纹、握力、身体活动量、认知能力及语言发育水平测试和临床诊疗档案等百万条数据的随访信息数据库;以及包括外周血、脐带血、指尖血、胎粪、胎盘、尿液、粪便、颊黏膜、头发、指甲等17类60万份标本的生物样本库;并形成了21份标准化操作程序操作程序(SOP)文件,对样本采集、冷链运输、分装入库、出库、回库等进行样本库全流程管理和质控。该队列平台不仅为揭示生命早期环境暴露对人群健康影响及多组学研究提供了重要资源支撑,也推动了多学科交叉创新成果。

动态环境下民营企业家社会心态对企业韧性的影响研究

文章基于高阶理论和拓展-构建理论,通过对408份长三角地区民营企业样本数据进行分析,构建民营企业家社会心态对企业韧性影响的概念模型,探讨动态环境下民营企业家社会心态对企业韧性的作用机制。研究发现:民营企业家社会心态能够促进其心理韧性的培育,进而有效增强民营企业韧性;民营企业家心理韧性在民营企业家社会心态与企业韧性的关系中发挥了积极作用;环境动态性正向调节民营企业家心理韧性与企业韧性的关系。

“双碳”目标下环境领导力对员工绿色行为的影响研究

为了推动实现“双碳”目标,从企业内部视角出发,对环境领导力如何协调员工实施组织期望的绿色行为进行深入分析。聚焦于社会信息加工理论,构建了一个以组织绿色文化和员工环境意识为中介变量的链式中介模型。同时,引入员工知识吸收能力作为调节变量,进一步考察其在模型中的作用。对301名员工问卷调查数据展开的实证分析结果表明,环境领导力正向影响了员工绿色行为;组织绿色文化和员工环境意识的链式中介作用成立;员工知识吸收能力调节了组织绿色文化与员工环境意识的关系。