Deposition of protein and metal ions （Fe, Zn） in rice grains is a complex polygenic trait showing considerable environmental effect. To analyze the effect of nitrogen application levels and native soil properties on...Deposition of protein and metal ions （Fe, Zn） in rice grains is a complex polygenic trait showing considerable environmental effect. To analyze the effect of nitrogen application levels and native soil properties on rice grain protein, iron （Fe） and zinc （Zn） contents, 32 rice genotypes were grown at three different locations each under 80 and 120 kg/hm2 nitrogen fertilizer applications. In treatments with nitrogen fertilizer application, the brown rice grain protein content （GPC） increased significantly （1.1% to 7.0%） under higher nitrogen fertilizer application （120 kg/hm2） whereas grain Fe/Zn contents showed non-significant effect of nitrogen application level, thus suggesting that the rate of uptake and translocation of macro-elements does not influence the uptake and translocation of micro-elements. The pH, organic matter content and inherent Fe/Zn levels of native soil showed significant effects on grain Fe and Zn contents of all the rice genotypes. Grain Zn content of almost all the tested rice genotypes was found to increase at Location III having loamy soil texture, neutral pH value （pH 6.83） and higher organic matter content than the other two locations （Locations I and II）, indicating significant influence of native soil properties on brown rice grain Zn content while grain Fe content showed significant genotype × environment interaction effect. Genotypic difference was found to be the most significant factor to affect grain Fe/Zn contents in all the tested rice genotypes, indicating that although native soil properties influence phyto-availability of micronutrients and consequently influencing absorption, translocation and grain deposition of Fe/Zn ions, yet genetic makeup of a plant determines its response to varied soil conditions and other external factors. Two indica rice genotypes R-RF-31 （27.62 μg/g grain Zn content and 7.80% GPC） and R1033-968-2-1 （30.05 μg/g grain Zn content and 8.47% GPC） were identified as high grain Zn and moderate GPC rice genotypes. These results indicate that soil property and organic matter content increase the availability of Fe and Zn in rhizosphere, which in turn enhances the uptake, translocation and redistribution of Fe/Zn into rice grains.展开更多
为揭示水肥对三七田土壤碳氮含量、酶活性和产量调控效应,明确三七不同生育时期最适水肥调控模式,于2018—2021年在云南省红河州泸西县三七种植基地开展田间试验,设3个灌水水平(5 mm, W1;10 mm, W2;15 mm, W3)和4个不同生育时期(根增期...为揭示水肥对三七田土壤碳氮含量、酶活性和产量调控效应,明确三七不同生育时期最适水肥调控模式,于2018—2021年在云南省红河州泸西县三七种植基地开展田间试验,设3个灌水水平(5 mm, W1;10 mm, W2;15 mm, W3)和4个不同生育时期(根增期、苗期、花期、果期)施肥配比水平(25%∶25%∶25%∶25%,F1;20%∶25%∶30%∶25%,F2;15%∶30%∶30%∶25%,F3;10%∶40%∶20%∶30%,F4),以全生育期不灌溉施肥处理为对照(CK),研究不同水肥调控模式对土壤碳氮含量、酶活性、三七产量、总皂苷含量及各指标间相互关系的影响,同时采用CRITIC-VIKOR法对最适水肥调控模式综合评价。结果表明:灌水量和生育时期施肥配比对三七根增期、苗期、花期和果期土壤全氮、有机碳含量和脲酶、酸性磷酸酶、蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶活性以及产量、总皂苷含量有显著影响(P<0.05),与CK相比,花期W2F3处理土壤全氮含量较其他处理显著提高7.69%~92.50%,W1F1处理土壤有机碳含量较其他处理显著提高5.11%~7.11%;根增期各灌水施肥处理土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶和酸性磷酸酶活性分别平均较CK增加7.20%、19.82%和47.44%,过氧化氢酶活性降低19.16%。与CK相比,收获后水肥调控处理三七水分利用效率平均提高53.83%,肥料偏生产力平均提高66.30%,W2F4处理产量最高(2 797.25 kg·hm^(-2)),W2F3处理总皂苷含量最高(176.34 mg·g^(-1))。综合评分法结果表明,三七根增期W3F1处理Q值为0.03,苗期W2F3处理Q值为0.02,花期W2F3处理的Q值为0.01,果期W3F2处理的Q值为0.02;根增期和果期最佳灌溉施肥方案为W3F1和W3F2,苗期和花期最佳灌溉施肥方案为W2F3。展开更多
文摘Deposition of protein and metal ions （Fe, Zn） in rice grains is a complex polygenic trait showing considerable environmental effect. To analyze the effect of nitrogen application levels and native soil properties on rice grain protein, iron （Fe） and zinc （Zn） contents, 32 rice genotypes were grown at three different locations each under 80 and 120 kg/hm2 nitrogen fertilizer applications. In treatments with nitrogen fertilizer application, the brown rice grain protein content （GPC） increased significantly （1.1% to 7.0%） under higher nitrogen fertilizer application （120 kg/hm2） whereas grain Fe/Zn contents showed non-significant effect of nitrogen application level, thus suggesting that the rate of uptake and translocation of macro-elements does not influence the uptake and translocation of micro-elements. The pH, organic matter content and inherent Fe/Zn levels of native soil showed significant effects on grain Fe and Zn contents of all the rice genotypes. Grain Zn content of almost all the tested rice genotypes was found to increase at Location III having loamy soil texture, neutral pH value （pH 6.83） and higher organic matter content than the other two locations （Locations I and II）, indicating significant influence of native soil properties on brown rice grain Zn content while grain Fe content showed significant genotype × environment interaction effect. Genotypic difference was found to be the most significant factor to affect grain Fe/Zn contents in all the tested rice genotypes, indicating that although native soil properties influence phyto-availability of micronutrients and consequently influencing absorption, translocation and grain deposition of Fe/Zn ions, yet genetic makeup of a plant determines its response to varied soil conditions and other external factors. Two indica rice genotypes R-RF-31 （27.62 μg/g grain Zn content and 7.80% GPC） and R1033-968-2-1 （30.05 μg/g grain Zn content and 8.47% GPC） were identified as high grain Zn and moderate GPC rice genotypes. These results indicate that soil property and organic matter content increase the availability of Fe and Zn in rhizosphere, which in turn enhances the uptake, translocation and redistribution of Fe/Zn into rice grains.
文摘为揭示水肥对三七田土壤碳氮含量、酶活性和产量调控效应,明确三七不同生育时期最适水肥调控模式,于2018—2021年在云南省红河州泸西县三七种植基地开展田间试验,设3个灌水水平(5 mm, W1;10 mm, W2;15 mm, W3)和4个不同生育时期(根增期、苗期、花期、果期)施肥配比水平(25%∶25%∶25%∶25%,F1;20%∶25%∶30%∶25%,F2;15%∶30%∶30%∶25%,F3;10%∶40%∶20%∶30%,F4),以全生育期不灌溉施肥处理为对照(CK),研究不同水肥调控模式对土壤碳氮含量、酶活性、三七产量、总皂苷含量及各指标间相互关系的影响,同时采用CRITIC-VIKOR法对最适水肥调控模式综合评价。结果表明:灌水量和生育时期施肥配比对三七根增期、苗期、花期和果期土壤全氮、有机碳含量和脲酶、酸性磷酸酶、蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶活性以及产量、总皂苷含量有显著影响(P<0.05),与CK相比,花期W2F3处理土壤全氮含量较其他处理显著提高7.69%~92.50%,W1F1处理土壤有机碳含量较其他处理显著提高5.11%~7.11%;根增期各灌水施肥处理土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶和酸性磷酸酶活性分别平均较CK增加7.20%、19.82%和47.44%,过氧化氢酶活性降低19.16%。与CK相比,收获后水肥调控处理三七水分利用效率平均提高53.83%,肥料偏生产力平均提高66.30%,W2F4处理产量最高(2 797.25 kg·hm^(-2)),W2F3处理总皂苷含量最高(176.34 mg·g^(-1))。综合评分法结果表明,三七根增期W3F1处理Q值为0.03,苗期W2F3处理Q值为0.02,花期W2F3处理的Q值为0.01,果期W3F2处理的Q值为0.02;根增期和果期最佳灌溉施肥方案为W3F1和W3F2,苗期和花期最佳灌溉施肥方案为W2F3。
