To meet China's CO2 intensity target of 40%-45% reduction by 2020 based on the 2005 level, a regional allocation method based on cluster analysis is developed. Thirty Chinese provinces are classified into six groups ...To meet China's CO2 intensity target of 40%-45% reduction by 2020 based on the 2005 level, a regional allocation method based on cluster analysis is developed. Thirty Chinese provinces are classified into six groups based on economy, emissions, and reduction potential indicators. Under the equity principle, the two most developed groups axe assigned the highest reduction targets (55% and 65%, respectively). However, their reduction potent!al is limited. Under the efficiency principle, the two groups with the highest reduction potential take the highest targets (48% and 61%, respectively), but their economy is relatively backward. When equity and efficiency are equally weighted, the 5th group with a prominent reduction potential takes the highest target (54%), and the 2nd and the 3rd groups with large industry scales take the second highest target (49%). However, under all the three allocation schemes, the targets are not greater than 40% for the 4th and the 6th groups, which have a relatively low economic ability, emissions, and reduction potential. Due to inconsistency between economic and reduction potential, corresponding market mechanisms and policy instruments should be established to ensure equity and efficiency of regional target allocation.展开更多
The special sections of volume target are observed with acoustic vector intensity according to the difference among their radiated-noise characteristics, then three sections are tracked with Kalman filtering, and targ...The special sections of volume target are observed with acoustic vector intensity according to the difference among their radiated-noise characteristics, then three sections are tracked with Kalman filtering, and target size is estimated. Simulation results indicate that in ideal condition three sections of a ship can be tracked and ship's size can be estimated even though one of three sections can not be observed.展开更多
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation(No.71273153)National Key Technology Research and Development Program(No.2009BAC62B01)
文摘To meet China's CO2 intensity target of 40%-45% reduction by 2020 based on the 2005 level, a regional allocation method based on cluster analysis is developed. Thirty Chinese provinces are classified into six groups based on economy, emissions, and reduction potential indicators. Under the equity principle, the two most developed groups axe assigned the highest reduction targets (55% and 65%, respectively). However, their reduction potent!al is limited. Under the efficiency principle, the two groups with the highest reduction potential take the highest targets (48% and 61%, respectively), but their economy is relatively backward. When equity and efficiency are equally weighted, the 5th group with a prominent reduction potential takes the highest target (54%), and the 2nd and the 3rd groups with large industry scales take the second highest target (49%). However, under all the three allocation schemes, the targets are not greater than 40% for the 4th and the 6th groups, which have a relatively low economic ability, emissions, and reduction potential. Due to inconsistency between economic and reduction potential, corresponding market mechanisms and policy instruments should be established to ensure equity and efficiency of regional target allocation.
基金This work was supported by the fund of special doctoral site fund of National education ministry.
文摘The special sections of volume target are observed with acoustic vector intensity according to the difference among their radiated-noise characteristics, then three sections are tracked with Kalman filtering, and target size is estimated. Simulation results indicate that in ideal condition three sections of a ship can be tracked and ship's size can be estimated even though one of three sections can not be observed.