Effect of solution treatment time on plasticity and ductile fracture of 7075 aluminum alloy sheet in hot stamping process

The effect of solution treatment time on the post-formed plasticity and ductile fracture of 7075 aluminum alloy in the hot stamping process was studied.Tensile tests were conducted on the specimens subjected to the hot stamping process with different solution treatment time.The digital image correlation(DIC)analysis was used to obtain the strain of the specimen.Based on the experiments and modeling,the Yld2000-3d yield criterion and the DF2014 ductile fracture criterion were calibrated and used to characterize the anisotropy and fracture behavior of the metal,respectively.Furthermore,the microstructure of specimens was studied.The experimental and simulation results indicate that the 7075 aluminum alloy retains distinct anisotropy after the hot stamping process,and there is no obvious effect of extending the solution treatment time on the material anisotropy.However,it is found that a longer solution treatment time can increase the fracture strain of the aluminum alloy during the hot stamping process,which may be related to the decrease of the second-phase particles size.

EFFECTS OF TREATMENT TIME ON CORROSION OF DIFFUSION-ALLOYED COATINGS OF PURE MAGNESIUM

The corrosion resistance of pure magnesium with surface alloying layer obtained by a solid diffusion alloying technique has been analyzed. To establish the optimum treatment time, the experiments were performed at 480℃ for different solid diffusion time （8, 16, and 24h）. The diffusion interaction effectiveness between Zn, Al mix powder and the sample surface, depending on the treatment time for diffusion at given temperatures, has an obvious influence on corrosion resistance and corrosion mechanism. Corrosion properties were studied using the constant immersion test （in 3.0% NaCl solution, temperature is （28±1）℃, and time is 96h）. Optical microscopy （OM） and EDS （energy dispersive spectrum） composition analysis were used to examine the cross-sectional microstructural characteristics of alloyed layer of treated samples. It is shown that in comparison with the untreated samples, the treated ones possess a better corrosion resistance. The Al5Mg11Zn4 phase, which formed as a continuous phase due to the diffusion of Al, Zn, and Mg elements and subsequent interaction on the outermost layer of diffusion alloying zones （especially the samples treated for 24h at 480℃）, was inert to the chloride solution compared with pure magnesium and acted as a corrosion barrier, and therefore the best corrosion resistance was obtained. This protective action of Al5Mg11Zn4 phase was found to change with its amount, which was controlled by the diffusion time at given temperature. It was concluded that the continuous Al5Mg11Zn4 phase （WP-zone） of the reacted layer in pure magnesium was beneficial from the point of view of corrosion resistance.

Effect of Heat Treatment Time on Dy–Cu Alloy Diffusion Process in Dy-Containing Commercial Nd–Fe–B Sintered Magnets

In this paper, the grain boundary diffusion process（GBDP） using a Dy70Cu30（at.%） alloy as the diffusion source was performed in a commercial sintered Nd–Fe–B magnet, and the effect of heat treatment time on the microstructure and magnetic properties of the magnet was investigated in detail. For the processed magnets heat-treated at 860℃, as heat treatment time increased, the coercivity and the depth of（Nd,Dy）2Fe14B core–shell structure increased first and then decreased. However, when the heat treatment time was more than 2 h, the diffusion path of Dy from the Dy-rich shell phase into the Nd2Fe14B grains was revealed, and a nearly homogeneous（Nd,Dy）2Fe14B phase was formed, which brought on the decrease in both the depth of visible core–shell structure and the coercivity of Nd–Fe–B magnet.

Vitamin D and calcium are required at the time of denosumab administration during osteoporosis treatment

To evaluate the differences in outcomes of treatment with denosumab alone or denosumab combined with vitamin D and calcium supplementation in patients with primary osteoporosis. Patients were split into a denosumab monotherapy group （18 cases） or a denosumab plus vitamin D supplementation group （combination group; 23 cases）. We measured serum bone alkaline phosphatase （BAP）, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase （TRACP）-5b and urinary N-terminal telopeptide of type-I collagen （NTX） at baseline, 1 week, as well as at I month and 2, 4, 8 and 12 months. We also measured bone mineral density （BMD） of L1-4 lumbar vertebrae （L）-BMD and bilateral hips （H）-BMD at baseline and at 4, 8 and 12 months. There was no significant difference in patient background. TRACP-5b and urinary NTX were significantly suppressed in both groups from I week to 12 months （except at 12 months for NTX）. In the combination group, TRACP-5b was significantly decreased compared with the denosumab monotherapy group at 2 and 4 months （P 〈 0.05）. BAP was significantly suppressed in both groups at 2-12 months. L-BMD significantly increased at 8 and 12 months （8.9%） in the combination group and at 4, 8 and 12 months （6.0%） in the denosumab monotherapy group, compared with those before treatment. H-BMD was significantly increased in the combination group （3.6%） compared with the denosumab group （1.2%） at 12 months （P 〈 0.05）. Compared with denosumab monotherapy, combination therapy of denosumab with vitamin D and calcium stopped the decrease in calcium caused by denosumab, inhibited bone metabolism to a greater extent, and increased BMD （especially at the hips）.

Numerical Simulation of Vacuum Heat Treatment Thermal Hysteresis Time of GH4169 Superalloy Workpiece

A nonlinear finite element model of vacuum heat treatment process was developed. In this model, influence of many factors, such as nonlinear heat radiation, temperature-dependent thermal physical properties of material are considered. The temperature field of GH4169 alloy workpiece during vacuum heat treatment process was calculated using finite element software MSC.Marc, and the thermal hysteresis time of the workpiece was predicted. An experiment of vacuum heat treatment of GH4169 superalloy workpiece was carried out to verify the calculation. The experimental results of temperature profile agree well with the simulated results. This work lays a theoretical foundation for optimizing technical parameter of vacuum heat treatment process.

Evolution mechanism and treatment timing of penetrating fissures

The Inner Mongolia mining area in western China are characterized by the development of numerous penetrating fissures,resulting in severe land damage.It is significant to reveal the underlying evolution mechanism and identify treatment timing for restoring the ecological environment.The Guanbanwusu mining subsidence area in Inner Mongolia,China was selected as the research case for this study.The evolution mechanism of different penetrating fissures was revealed by field measurement,physical simulation and theoretical analysis.The treatment timing prediction model for the mining subsidence area was established based on the enhanced Weibull time function.The results show that the ground fissures are mainly step-type and collapse-type fissures.The breaking form of overlying strata determines their vertical opening and horizontal dislocation.The high mining intensity in the western mining area results in a shortened period of dynamic fissure expansion and reduced closure degree.The damage extent of the overlying strata exhibits zoning characteristics both vertically and horizontally.The relative standard deviation of the prediction model is only 3.7%.Concurrently,the prediction model is employed to determine the optimal timing for treatment in the study area,estimated to be 259 days.Subsequently,once this threshold is reached,the study area undergoes treatment and restoration of its e cological environment.This study addresses the knowledge gap in this field by highlighting the interconnectedness between rock strata structure and evolution mechanism of penetrating fissures,thereby providing a method for determining the treatment timing in mining subsidence areas.

Determinants of Delay in Malaria Prompt Diagnosis and Timely Treatment among Under-Five Children in Shashogo Woreda, Hadiya Zone, Southern Ethiopia: A Case Control Study

Background: Ensuring prompt diagnosis and timely malaria treatment will prevent most cases of uncomplicated malaria from progressing to severe and fatal illness. To avoid this progression, treatment must begin as soon as possible, generally within 24 hours after symptoms onset. The reason why mothers/caretakers delay in malaria prompt diagnosis and timely treatment for under-five is not well studied in the study area as well as in Ethiopia. Objective: To assess determinants of delay in malaria prompt diagnosis and timely treatment among under-five children in Shashogo Woreda, Hadiya Zone, Southern Ethiopia, 2013. Methods: An unmatched case control study was conducted from March 25-April 25, 2013. A total sample size of 302 with 151 cases and 151 controls were selected by systematic random sampling techniques. Cases were under-five children who had clinical malaria and sought treatment after 24 hours of symptoms onset, and controls were under-five children who had clinical malaria and sought treatment within 24 hours of symptoms onset. Both bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were done to identify determinant of delay in malaria prompt diagnosis and timely treatment. Results: A total of 151 mothers/caretakers of cases and 151 mothers/caretakers of controls were interviewed. Illiterate mothers (AOR = 7.14;95%CI: 1.10, 46.39), monthly income ≤500 ETB (AOR = 5.49;95%CI: 2.09, 14.45), females sex (AOR = 3.45;95%CI: 1.62, 7.34), distance from health facility >5 km (AOR = 4.31;95%CI: 1.22, 15.23), absence of history of child death (AOR = 4.21;95%CI: 1.514, 11.68), side effects of antimalarial drugs (AOR = 2.91;95%CI: 1.15, 7.33) and khat chewing (AOR = 2.38;95%CI: 1.28, 5.79) were determinants of delay in malaria prompt diagnosis and timely treatment of under-five children. Conclusion: Mother’s education, monthly income, distance from health facility, absence of history of child death, complained about side effects of drugs and khat chewing were predictors of delay of prompt diagnosis and timely malaria treatment. Effective malaria control programs revision would be required to avoid delay of prompt diagnosis and timely treatment for under-five children.

Time-resolved Microwave Conductivity Studies on the Chemical Treatment of the Nanocrystalline Porous TiO2 Films

Effect of Ti(iso-C3H7O)4 treatment on the photoinduced charge carrier kinetics of nanocrystalline porous TiO2 films is studied by time-resolved microwave conductivity measurements. Analysis of the transient photoconductivity decays indicates that Ti(iso-C3H7O)4 treatment leads to an increased concentration of photogenerated charge carriers and a fast interfacial transfer rate of holes via the surface modification of the freshly growing TiO2 nanocrystallites.

肝内胆管癌术后复发患者中位生存时间的影响因素分析

目的 分析影响肝内胆管癌(ICC)术后复发患者中位生存时间的因素。方法 回顾性分析2012年2月至2020年5月我院收治的124例行根治性肝切除术的ICC患者资料,分析复发患者给予不同方案治疗的预后情况,收集复发患者的一般资料并采用Cox回归模型分析影响中位生存时间的因素。结果 124例ICC患者中有80例发生肿瘤复发,中位手术切除至复发时间为9个月;肿瘤复发后的中位生存时间为8个月。多因素分析结果显示,无疾病生存时间<1年和胆管侵犯是影响根治性肝切除术后ICC复发患者中位生存时间的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论 积极行局部治疗可延长局部复发性ICC患者的生存时间;无疾病生存时间<1年和胆管侵犯是影响复发性ICC患者中位生存时间的独立危险因素。

High-dose thalidomide increases the risk of peripheral neuropathy in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis

Thalidomide is an effective drug for the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis but might induce peripheral neuropathy. This major adverse reaction has attracted much concern. The current study aimed to observe the incidence of thalidomide-induced peripheral neuropathy among an- kylosing spondylitis patients for 1 year after treatment. In this study, 207 ankylosing spondylitis cases received thalidomide treatment, while 116 ankylosing spondylitis cases received other treat- ments. Results showed that the incidence of thalidomide-induced peripheral neuropathy in the thalidomide group was higher than that in the non-thalidomide group. There was no significant difference in the incidence of neuropathy between the 〈 6 months medication and 〉 6 months medication groups. There were no differences in the mean age, gender, or daily dose between the two groups. The incidence of peripheral neuropathy among patients receiving 25, 50, 75, or 100 mg thalidomide per day was 4.6%, 8.5%, 17.1%, 21.7%, respectively. The incidence was significantly different between the groups receiving 25 mg and 100 mg thalidomide. In conclu- sion, thalidomide can induce peripheral neuropathy within 1 year after treatment of ankylosing spondylitis; however, age and gender have no obvious impact on the incidence of peripheral neuropathy. The incidence of peripheral neuropathy is associated with increasing daily doses of thalidomide.

基于时序预测的复合型污水厂水质异常预警研究

针对工业废水-生活污水复合型污水厂由于突发水污染事件而导致污水厂工艺冲击负荷大、达标排放有风险等问题,该研究以湖北省某复合型污水处理厂为研究对象,利用自回归移动平均(ARIMA)算法构建进水水质预测及异常预警模型;结合自回归(ACF)、偏自回归(PACF)和增强迪基-富勒测试(ADF)分别确定化学需氧量、氨氮、总氮、总磷预测模型的最佳参数,优化水质预测模型,并探究不同监测频率和预测步长对模型的影响;在此基础上,选择自编码器(AE)和K-邻近值(KNN)算法构建水质预警模型,实现了水质的异常预警。该研究不仅为污水厂提前应对突发水污染事件提供科学依据,同时也为污水处理厂智能化转型奠定理论基础。

逐级加压启动时机对电动硅化法加固软黏土影响

逐级加压法可以有效提高电渗后期处理效果,降低能耗。本实验采用逐级加压的方式对电动硅化法进行优化,以解决电动硅化法中实验后期排水速率低、实验能耗大、电极腐蚀严重等问题。设置4组不同逐级加压启动时间实验研究最佳的逐级加压启动时机,对实验过程中电流、排水量进行监测,分析实验结束后土体的沉降量、含水率、抗剪强度,并计算各实验过程中的能耗系数,深入探究不同加压启动时机对电渗处理效果的影响。结果表明:逐级加压的通电方式可以有效提高电渗处理效果,并且逐级加压存在最佳的加压时机,当电流下降至峰值电流的60%时加压可以有效提高电渗的排水量,增大土体整体抗剪强度,土体均匀性较好,降低实验后期能耗系数。

清肺化瘀通腑方治疗时机对脓毒症相关急性呼吸窘迫综合征治疗效果及预后的影响研究

背景 根据中医藏象学说中“肺与大肠相表里”理论,前期研究发现自拟中药清肺化瘀通腑方对脓毒症相关急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)具有积极治疗作用,但目前关于清肺化瘀通腑方治疗时机对脓毒症相关ARDS患者临床疗效及预后影响的研究较少。目的 探索中药方剂清肺化瘀通腑方治疗脓毒症相关ARDS的最佳切入时机及其对治疗效果和预后的影响。方法 回顾性选择2021—2023年南京中医药大学附属医院重症医学科诊断为脓毒症相关ARDS且治疗过程中联合中药汤剂清肺化瘀通腑方治疗的208例患者。按照中药首次使用时间,确诊脓毒症相关ARDS 48 h内(包括48 h)开始服用清肺化瘀通腑方患者为早期干预组;48 h后开始服用清肺化瘀通腑方患者为晚期干预组。最终早期干预组109例,晚期干预组85例,失访患者14例。比较两组患者的临床疗效及预后。结果 早期干预组28 d全因病死率为13.8%,低于晚期干预组的29.4%(P=0.001 4),且晚期干预组死亡风险为早期干预组的2.11倍(HR=2.11,95%CI=1.13~3.91,P=0.019)。早期干预组机械通气天数为12(8,23)d,少于晚期干预组的27(13,35)d(P=0.035)。两组组内比较,治疗后氧合指数均较治疗前明显改善(P<0.001),C反应蛋白、降钙素原、白细胞计数与本组治疗前比较均下降(P<0.05)。两组治疗后早期干预组氧合指数均数为(319.87±95.32),高于晚期干预组的(259.55±99.72)(P<0.001)。两组治疗后早期干预组C反应蛋白为19.39(8.16,44.47) mg/L,低于晚期干预组的38.01(17.53,86.05) mg/L(P<0.001)。两组治疗后早期干预组降钙素原为0.175(0.089,0.750) ng/mL,低于晚期干预组的0.460(0.143,1.850) ng/mL(P=0.004)。结论 早期(确诊后48 h内)合理给予中药清肺化淤通腑治疗脓毒症相关ARDS可减少患者28 d全因病死率及机械通气天数,改善患者氧合指数,减轻炎性反应。

北京典型绿化乔木对PM_(2.5)无机成分NH_(4)^(+)和NH_(3)^(-)的吸收和分配机制

植物能有效吸收大气中PM_(2.5)改善空气质量,探明其吸收和分配PM_(2.5)机理对提高植物生态功能和改善生态环境意义重大。利用一次性熏气法结合^(15)N示踪法探究北京典型绿化乔木油松(Pinus tabuliformis)、白皮松(Pinus bungeana)、旱柳(Salix matsudana)、银杏(Ginkgo biloba)、国槐(Styphnolobium japonicum)和栾树(Koelreuteria paniculata)对PM_(2.5)水溶性无机成分NH_(4)^(+)和NH_(3)^(-)吸收与分配特征。结果表明:(1)植物能有效吸收PM_(2.5)中NH_(4)^(+)(0.03—0.80μg/g)和NH_(3)^(-)(0.02—1.10μg/g)。对NH_(4)^(+)吸收能力表现为旱柳和油松最强,其次是银杏和栾树,白皮松和国槐最弱;对NH_(3)^(-)吸收能力表现为旱柳和油松最强,其次是白皮松和国槐,栾树和银杏最弱。(2)植物地上器官^(15)N吸收能力和分配率大于地下器官。叶片对两种离子的吸收能力(NH_(4)^(+):0.08—1.63μg/g,NH_(3)^(-):0.01—1.18μg/g)和分配率(NH_(4)^(+):18.95%—76.10%,NH_(3)^(-):6.86%—91.64%)最高。(3)不同浓度、树种及二者交互作用显著影响各器官^(15)N吸收能力和分配率(P<0.01),其中地上器官吸收能力随浓度升高而增加。(4)具有较小根冠比、粗根生物量比和较大枝生物量比特征的植物更利于吸收NH_(4)^(+);具有较小根冠比、粗细根生物量比和较大干生物量比特征的植物更利于吸收NH_(3)^(-)。研究结果进一步揭示植物吸收PM_(2.5)机制及其与自身因素(植物性状)和自然因素(PM_(2.5)浓度)的关系,对不同污染程度地区如何有效利用植物净化PM_(2.5)污染提供科学依据。

CLINICAL STUDY ON THE TIME OF TREATING CHEMOTHERAPY INDUCED TOXIC AND SIDE EFFECTS IN MALIGNANT TUMOR PATIENTS BY ACUPOINT INJECTION OF ASTRAGALUS ROOT INJECTION

Objective: To investigate the suitable time of treating virulent and side effects of chemotherapy for malignant tumor by acupoint injection of Astragalus Root injection. Methods: Sixty three patients with malignant tumor were divided into three groups: prevention treatment (PT) group (n=23 cases),post chemotherapy treatment (PCT) group( n=22 cases), Western medicine (WM) group ( n=18 cases). The patients in PT, PCT and WM groups were treated respectively from the fifth day on before chemotherapy and from the first day on after chemotherapy, 18 days in all. The patients in WM group were administered Batilol and Leucogen from the first day on after chemotherapy. Changes of leukocytes and immunoglobulin before and after treatment were observed. Results: 1) Acupoint injection of Astragalus Root injectio could increase the number of leukocytes and immunoglobulin content and its effect was better than that of Western medicine (P<0.05); 2) The effect of PT group was better than that of PCT group in preventing and treating virulent and side effects of chemotherapy (P<0.05). Conclusion: It should be stressed on prevention of malignant tumor by using acupoint injection of Astragalus Root for relieving virulent and side effects of chemotherapy.

Stochastic Model of a Cold-Stand by System with Waiting for Arrival &Treatment of Server

The service facility or server is the key constituent to keep a system operational for desired period of time. As any eventuality with the system necessitates immediate presence of it (server) so the time point of arrival and treatment of server significantly affects the system performance. This paper works out the steady state behavior of a cold standby system equipped with two similar units and a server with elapsed arrival and treatment times following general probability distributions. It practices the theory of semi-Markov processes, regenerative point technique and Laplace transforms to derive the expressions for state transition probabilities, mean sojourn times, mean time to system failure, system availability, server busy period and expected frequencies of repairs and treatments. The profit function is also developed taking different costs and revenue in to account. For tracing wider applicability of the model for different reliability and cost-effective systems, a particular case study is also presented as an illustration.

低温长时间热处理过程中氧化和加热对海参体壁胶原纤维结构的影响

以新鲜海参为研究对象,考查低温(60℃)长时间热处理过程中氧化和加热对其质构特性的影响,并进一步从新鲜海参体壁中提取完整的胶原纤维,分别进行氧化处理、热处理及氧化协同热处理后,采用差示扫描量热(DSC)仪、冷冻扫描电子显微镜(cryo-SEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)仪、电子自旋共振波谱(ESR)仪等对其热稳定性、微观结构、蛋白质二级结构、氧化程度等变化情况进行研究。结果表明:单一氧化处理对胶原纤维仅有氧化降解作用。单一热处理会使胶原纤维发生氧化、变性、降解等变化。相较于两种单一处理方式,经氧化协同热处理后,胶原纤维结构被破坏得更加明显,处理1 h后,胶原纤维内的蛋白聚糖桥连结构发生明显断裂,处理24 h后,在15~24℃附近出现新的吸热峰,胶原纤维发生明胶化;随着处理时间的延长,胶原纤维结构的孔径进一步收缩,且发生破损;氧化协同热处理能促进热处理对胶原纤维的氧化程度,并使大分子蛋白质发生降解,增加羟脯氨酸、糖胺聚糖(GAG)等可溶性小分子物质溶出。因此,氧化协同热处理能使胶原纤维发生氧化、变性、聚集、降解等变化,进而影响海参体壁的质构特性。

实时直接分析质谱及与样品前处理技术联用的研究进展

实时直接分析质谱无需或者仅需简单的样品制备,即能对样品进行原位电离及直接快速的进样分析,已被广泛运用于食品、司法科学、药物分析、临床科学、环境等领域。尽管已有不少文献报道DART-MS的定量结果与液相/气相色谱-质谱相当,但其痕量分析物的检测性能仍是关键问题。为获得更准确的定量结果,研究人员开发出了一系列样品前处理技术与DART-MS联用。该文从DART-MS的原理出发,对其不同研究领域中无需样品前处理的应用进行了综述,并进一步介绍了样品预处理技术(如固相萃取、固相微萃取、顶空固相网增强吸附、分散固相萃取、分散磁性固相萃取、机械化学萃取、微波辅助萃取和热解吸)与DART-MS联用的研究成果。该综述旨在对DART-MS的样品直接分析的应用及样品前处理技术的开发提供帮助。

Professor YANG Yu-fei’s Experience on the Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Treatment Strategy for Advanced Colorectal Cancer

Colorectal cancer is one of the common malignant tumors in China.It poses a serious threat to the national health of China.For advanced colorectal cancer, the main goal of treatment is to prolong survival and improve quality of life.It complements other advantages, showing good therapeutic results.However, how to grasp the timing of integrated Chinese and Western Medicine for the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer and use the integrated Chinese and Western Medicine treatment methods flexibly contains profound therapeutic art.Prof.YANG Yu-fei is an authoritative expert in the field of integrated Chinese and Western medicine for colorectal cancer.She is good at accurately grasping the timing of treatment of integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, and flexibly adjusts the treatment strategy according to the specific conditions.In this paper, we shared Professor YANG Yu-fei's strategy for treating advanced colorectal cancer with emphasis on integrated Chinese and Western Medicine and attached a typical case, with a view to provide reference for the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer with integrated Chinese and Western Medicine.

Effect of Solid Retention and Hydraulic Retention Times on Membrane Fouling in Membrane Bioreactor

In this bench scale submerged membrane bioreactor, effect of solid retention time and hydraulic retention time on membrane fouling propensity has been studied. This experiment is carried out at different solid retention time of 5, 10, 30, 70 and 98 days; and fouling behavior of membrane bioreactor is investigated. Average effluent quality is found to be 88.14%-94.38%. The experiment with different hydraulic retention is carried for 3 to 4 days and fouling behavior has been investigated. The effluent quality at different hydraulic retention time of 1, 2, 3, 5, 10 and 24 hours has been investigated. This paper aims to search optimal values of solid and hydraulic retention times at which lower fouling and higher organic removal efficiency can be obtained. This study has been mainly focused on operating parameters rather than microbial structure, effect and analysis of activated sludge to membrane fouling.