简牍所见战国秦至汉初“内史”及其沿革

“内史”一职西周已有,春秋战国以降秦因之,一度作为位次丞相的中央职官参与国家立法,掌治国家财政、上计等事务。秦统一前后,“内史”作为京畿地区治民长官的职能不断加强,“内史”职能或经拆分,将仓廪谷货部分析出,别置“治粟内史”。汉兴,“治粟内史”职权重归“内史”,直至高后执政后期,因现实需要,才又重新析为两职。

礼乐文明视野下的清华简《保训》“詷”字新释——以《尚书·顾命》与“内史亳同”为线索

清华简《保训》是“书”类文献,部分记述与《尚书·顾命》相似。《保训》中“詷”的训释与《顾命》中的礼器“同”密切相关。经学家多认为“同”为酒器,但始终未能得到文献或实物的证明。而“内史亳同”的发现证实了“同”为祼礼中使用的酒器。“同”字源于盛放美酒的竹筒,最晚在商代就成为祭祀中的重要礼器。清华简《保训》中的“詷”正是祼礼中的酒器,文本以“詷”指代传“中”的整套礼仪,反映了“中”以及以礼传“中”在周人治理中的重要作用。

Architectural Forms and Style Protection of Traditional Grassland Settlements:A Case Study of Qiongkushitai Village

Ancient villages have rich historical and cultural connotations, artistic values, and unique ways of construction, which are important elements for inheriting the historical and cultural characteristics of ancient villages. In tiie course of tiie pfotection and development of ancient villages, they ate difficult problems that how to inherit the historical architectural features and regional characteristics and promote the sustainable development of ancient villages. Taking building construction and protection in the famous historical and cultutal village of Qiongkushitai as the mainstream,this paper analyzed the present situation of atchitectufe, the way of construction, the evaluation of architectufe, and summarized tiie characteiistics of traditional afchitectxire, the construction mode and the strategy of style renovation, which could provide a reference for futute protection and sustainable development of villages.

Late Pleistocene-Holocene slip history of the Langshan-Seertengshan piedmont fault(Inner Mongolia,northern China) from cosmogenic ^(10)Be dating on a bedrock fault scarp

Offset geomorphic features and deformed late Quaternary strata indicate active deformation along the Langshan-Seertengshan piedmont fault （LSPF）, one of the most active faults in the Hetao fault zone in Inner Mongolia, North China. The widespread occurrence of bedrock fault scarps along the LSPF offers excellent opportunity to examine the faulting history. Using cosmogenic ^10Be exposure dating, we measured the exposure ages of the western Langshankou scarp, located in the middle segment of the LSPF. Our data revealed at least two earthquakes that occurred at 22.2±3.3 Ira and 7.2±2.4 ka, respectively. These events are consistent with previous paleoseismic trench studies. The regression of the relationship between the age and sampling height along the scarp yield a fault slip rate of 0.10 ±0.05/-0.06 mm/yr, which is significantly lower than the average post-late Pleistocene fault slip rate of ~1 mm/yr, as estimated from the offset of the T2 terraces by previous studies. This indicates that the slip of the LSPF may have been accommodated by other fault branches.

Globalization： The Paradox of Political Governance in Kenya： Domestic, Global, and Historical Forces

This essay is an historical, global, and intellectually oriented analytical commentary on 2013 general and quinquennial presidential election in Kenya and the factors that contributed to its outcome. The analysis and its interpretive conclusion have been informed via the reading of professor Sagini＇s two books

The Translation of Local Historical Allusions in the Perspective of Cross-cultural Communication With Case Studies

The translation of place-names plays a significant part in both translation and the process of communication. The translation of place-names is a cross-cultural communication, especially in the translation of the place-names with allusion-oriented meaning. The translators should consider the cultural meaning of the place-names and convey the cultural meaning accurately to the foreigners. This paper is based on some cases that have been searched, illustrating the translation of place-names on allusion-oriented from the perspective of cross-cultural communication consciousness and the strategy of foreignization. It also analyzes the basic guiding principl strategies and specific translation methods on the translation of Chinese place-names, as well as the scope es, of various translation methods, such as literal translation, free translation, combination of both of them, and proposes the guiding principles of this kind of translation which should be ＂literal translation-headed, proper free translation, and appropriate interpretation＂. The other principles are ＂following the pronunciation of the owners of proper names, adopting the established popular translated names, and using the standard pronunciation of the Chinese character＂ etc. Based on it, this paper discusses the translation of the place-names, such as ＂Zhenyuan＇

Spatial Processing and Coordination Design of Indoor and Outdoor Space

From the review of development history of indoor design in China, we can see that it develops rapidly from sprout to expansion, and has large professional scale. It goes through ignorance, misconception and comprehensive understanding. And it has developed into a perfect and independent composite subject. From the perspective of interior design continuing architectural design in time-space dimension, the paper focuses on observing the application analysis of coordinated interior design, which not only provides reference for interior design in China, but also improves the interior design in China.

Sedimentary fill history of the Huicheng Basin in the West Qinling Mountains and associated constraints on Mesozoic intracontinental tectonic evolution

The Qinling Orogenic Belt is divided commonly by the Fengxian-Taibai strike-slip shear zone and the Huicheng Basin into the East and West Qinling mountains, which show significant geological differences after the Indosinian orogeny. The Fengxian-Taibai fault zone and the Meso-Cenozoic Huicheng Basin, situated at the boundary of the East and West Qinling, provide a natural laboratory for tectonic analysis and sedimentological study of intracontinental tectonic evolution of the Qin- ling Orogenic Belt. In order to explain the dynamic development of the Huicheng Basin and elucidate its post-orogenic tecton- ic evolution at the junction of the East and West Qinling, we studied the geometry and kinematics of fault zones between the blocks of West Qinling, as well as the sedimentary fill history of the Huicheng Basin. First, we found that after the collisional orogeny in the Late Triassic, post-orogenic extensional collapse occurred in the Early and Middle Jurassic within the Qinling Orogenic Belt, resulting in a series of rift basins. Second, in the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous, a NE-SW compressive stress field caused large-scale sinistral strike-slip faults in the Qinling Orogenic Belt, causing intracontinental escape tectonics at the junction of the East and West Qinling, including eastward finite escape of the East Qinling micro-plate and southwest lateral escape of the Bikou Terrane. Meanwhile, the strike-slip-related Early Cretaceous sedimentary basin was formed with a fight-order echelon arrangement in sinistral shear zones along the southern margin of the Huicheng fault. Overall during the Mesozoic, the Huicheng Basin and surrounding areas experienced four tectonic evolutionary stages, including extensional rift basin development in the Early and Middle Jurassic, intense compressive uplift in the Late Jurassic, formation of a strike-slip extensional basin in the Early Cretaceous, and compressive uplift in the Late Cretaceous.

Life-history traits in insect inclusions associated with bamboo galls

We examined the life-history traits of insect inclusions in bamboo galls induced by the gall maker, Aiolomorphus rhopaloides Walker (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae) in a bamboo stand. Eight hymenopteran and one dipteran species were detected using soft X-ray photography of the galls and insect emergence from the galls. Aiolomorphus rhopaloides was the gall maker and Diomorus aiolomorphi Kamijo (Torymidae) was its inquiline.Homoporusjaponicus Ashmead (Pteromalidae) and Eupelmus sp. (Eupelmidae) are likely to be primary parasitoids of the larva ofA. rhopaloides. Eurytoma sp. (Eurytomidae),Sycophila sp. (Eurytomidae) and Norbanus sp. (Pteromalidae) are thought to be facultative hyperparasitoids. Cecidomyiidae sp. is thought to be the inquiline ofA. rhopaloides galls.Leptacis sp. (Platygastridae) probably parasitizes the larvae of Cecidomyiidae sp. Larvae of A. rhopaloides appeared in galls in July with the percentage of larvae decreasing in September, before overwintering as pupae. The growth ofD. aiolomorphi larvae within galls may be faster than that ofA. rhopaloides. The percentage of parasitoids in galls was low in July, but increased until winter. Aiolomorphus rhopaloides and D. aiolomorphi emerged from mid-April to early May, and from late April to early June, respectively. From overwintering galls, six other hymenopteran species emerged between late May and late June; one dipteran Cecidomyiidae sp. emerged between mid-April and early May.