四库本《文说》考辨

四库本《文说》乃是从《永乐大典》中辑出,并非《文说》的原貌,通过元末明初徐骏《诗文轨范》二卷、赵谦《学范》、明代刻本《文式》等书中所引《文说》的考查,知其混入别人文字;同时也可以知道《文说》并非如四库馆臣所言为科举所作,而是论行文之法。

赵谦著述考

赵谦一生著述丰富,其著作多涉及文字、音韵,属浙江道学学系,学术影响很大。以前认为赵氏的著作多已散失,只存《六书本义》《声音文字通》《学范》三种,研究发现其存世著作多达七种,其中《考古续集》藏于中国科学院国家科学图书馆,古籍善本书目均不记载。该馆在记录赵氏著作时,混淆了实为一人的赵谦和赵古则。文章对赵氏存的这七种著作进行了考述。

Suppression of seismic random noise by deep learning combined with stationary wavelet packet transform

Many traditional denoising methods,such as Gaussian fi ltering,tend to blur and lose details or edge information while reducing noise.The stationary wavelet packet transform is a multi-scale and multi-band analysis tool.Compared with the stationary wavelet transform,it can suppress high-frequency noise while preserving more edge details.Deep learning has signifi cantly progressed in denoising applications.DnCNN,a residual network;FFDNet,an effi cient,fl exible network;U-NET,a codec network;and GAN,a generative adversative network,have better denoising effects than BM3D,the most popular conventional denoising method.Therefore,SWP_hFFDNet,a random noise attenuation network based on the stationary wavelet packet transform(SWPT)and modified FFDNet,is proposed.This network combines the advantages of SWPT,Huber norm,and FFDNet.In addition,it has three characteristics:First,SWPT is an eff ective featureextraction tool that can obtain low-and high-frequency features of different scales and frequency bands.Second,because the noise level map is the input of the network,the noise removal performance of diff erent noise levels can be improved.Third,the Huber norm can reduce the sensitivity of the network to abnormal data and enhance its robustness.The network is trained using the Adam algorithm and the BSD500 dataset,which is augmented,noised,and decomposed by SWPT.Experimental and actual data processing results show that the denoising eff ect of the proposed method is almost the same as those of BM3D,DnCNN,and FFDNet networks for low noise.However,for high noise,the proposed method is superior to the aforementioned networks.

Primary study on Nosema bombycis Infecting the Insect of Drosophila

[ Objective ] The aim of this study was to investigate the infectivity of Nosema bombycis to drosophila, which offered a new vision for systematical studies on the infection mechanism of Nosema bombycis, and also provided reference for the bio-control effect of Nosema bombycis. [ Method ] Nosema bombycis was used to feed wild type and mutant drosophila, and the morphological observation of Nosema bombycis in drosophila body fluid was also analyzed by calcofluor white M2R fluorescent staining. [ Result] Nosema bombycis could infect drosophila, and the number of Nosema bombycis in the infected mutant drosophila was higher than that in wild type drosophila. [ Conclusion ] Nosema bombycis can infect drosophila, which provides primary reference for studies on the infectivity of Nosema bombycis to other hosts and also lays a foundation for further study on the infection mechanism of Nosema bombycis.

Optimization of the Conditions for Using Sewage to Cultivate Navicula tenera

[ Objective] This study was to improve the biomass of Navicula tenera, and thus to provide reference for achieving the industrial production of Navicula tenera. [Method] The feasibility of using sewage to cultivate Navicula tenera was preliminarily investigated based on the consideration of regional characteristics; and a series of culture conditions including the nutrient source of nitrogen（N）, phosphorus（P）, iron（Fe）, silicon（ Si ） and the salinity in medium for culturing Navicula tenera, were optimized by single factor test and orthogonal design.[Result] The optimized conditions for cultivating Navicula tenera using sewage are as follows： the water from Xiaoerlou Artificial Lake of Nanjing University of Technology as basic solvent; 360 mg/L urea; 150 mg/L N2HPO4 · 12H2O; 50 mg/L ferric citrate; 2 000 mg/L Na2SiO3 · 9H2O; 2.0 mol/L salinity. Navicula tenera was strongly adaptive to sewage and could well uptake the nutrient sources in the sewage. Under the optimized conditions, the culture cost decreased, and meanwhile the biomass of Navicula tenera reached 4. 766 g/L which is 3.57 multiples over original medium and 1.9 multiples over optimized medium No. 1.[ Conclusion] This study laid a foundation for the combination of culturing Navicula tenera in large scale and sewage treatment.

从应激的生化反应谈A型行为与心身疾病的关系

本文从应激的生化机制这一角度出发 ,融合吸收了近期内最具权威性的资料论述了A型行为与心身疾病的关系。认为A型行为者易发生应激 ,应激引起情绪的较大波动 ,强烈的情绪波动激活垂体———肾上腺皮质轴 ,同时交感———肾上腺髓质轴持续兴奋 ,两种作用会在体内引起不适当的激素环境而抑制免疫系统功能 ,降低人体防御效能。神经生理。

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定铈矿中微量的砷、锑

采用过氧化钠熔融试样 ,用盐酸调节试液酸度 ,对电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱 (ICP AES)法同时测定铈矿中微量砷和锑进行了研究 ,考察了铈基体及共存元素 。

中国留学生语言焦虑状况调查与分析——以胡弗汉顿大学中国留学生为例

外语学习者大都经历过语言焦虑,语言焦虑会给学生学业成绩造成负面影响,研究焦虑和学习者特征之间的关系,能够帮助我们从学习者的角度深入理解语言学习的过程。本研究试图找出学生语言焦虑的本质,以解释为什么一些学生文化适应的速度减缓甚至停滞。本研究将结合笔者在英国胡弗汉顿大学搜集整理的数据以及访谈,研究留学生的生活时间、学习专业、性别以及文化适应等变量如何影响学生语言焦虑,以期拓宽对语言焦虑的理解,并对中国留学生有一定的借鉴意义。

Global progress against cancer—challenges and opportunities

The last ten years have seen remarkable progress in cancer research. However, despite significant breakthroughs in the understanding, prevention, and treatment of cancer, the disease continues to affect millions of people worldwide. Cancer＇s complexity compounded with financial, policy and regulatory roadblocks has slowed the rate of progress being made against cancer. In this paper, we review a few of the most recent breakthroughs that are fueling medical advances and bringing new hope for patients affected by this devastating disease. We also address the challenges facing us and the opportunities to accelerate future progress against cancer. The efforts of the American Association for Cancer Research （AACK） to address the cancer burden already extend beyond the borders of the United States of America. The AACR is committed to increasing its efforts to stem the tide of cancer worldwide by promoting innovative programs, strategies, and initiatives for cancer researchers and all those engaged in cancer-related biomedical sciences around the world.

A new species of Megophrys (Amphibia:Anura:Megophryidae) from the northwestern Hunan Province,China

A new species of Megophrys (Amphibia: Anura: Megophryidae), Megophrys tuberogranulatus Shen, Mo et Li, sp.nov. (Holotype HNUL 03080902, adult male, SVL: 38.2 mm), from Sangzhi County, Hunan Province, is described. Megophrystuberogranulatus is closely related to both Megophrys kuatunensis and Megophrys minor. Characters of the new species that differentiatethis species from close relatives are skin granulated with big tubercles on the dorsal sides of both thigh and tibia, thebigger inner metacarpal tubercle, upper eyelid wider than the interorbital space, hind limbs longer, overlapping of the left andright calcaneal parts. The type specimens are deposited in the Animal Museum of Life Sciences College of Hunan Normal University.

Does China's Anti-Corruption Campaign Promote Corporate Innovation?

Vigorous anti-corruption campaigns launched by China since the 18 th CPC National Congress have produced an extensive impact on China's political and economic landscapes. From the micro-perspective of corporate innovation, this paper investigates the effects of anti-corruption efforts on corporate behavior. This paper has found that seeking political connections and promoting innovation are mutually substitutable means of development for firms. Anti-corruption efforts have increased the costs for firms to seek political connections and thus raised the incentives for corporate innovation. After the launch of anti-corruption policies, the level of corporate innovation significantly increased. In particular, R&D spending increased significantly for firms previously with political connections. Anti-corruption efforts have promoted overall corporate innovation. This paper has also found that the effects of anti-corruption efforts on corporate innovation are heterogeneous at the provincial level. For firms previously with political connections in provinces with a high anti-corruption intensity, the level of innovation increased more significantly. Given the controversies concerning the effects of the recent round of anticorruption campaign on economic growth, this paper provides new evidence that anticorruption efforts are favorable to corporate innovation. Considering the endogenous problem, this paper has adopted the policy experiment of anti-corruption efforts after the 18 th CPC National Congress and the difference-in-differences(DID) technique.

An inverse method for online stress monitoring and fatigue life analysis of boiler drums

A method based on solution of the inverse heat conduction problem was presented for online stress monitoring and fatigue life analysis of boiler drums. The mathematical model of the drum temperature distribution is based on the assumptions that the difference of temperature along the longitudinal axis of the boiler drum is negligible with changes only in the radial direction and the circumferential direction, and that the outer surface of drum is thermaUy insulated. Combining this model with the control-volume method provides temperatures at different points on a cross-section of the drum. With the temperature data, the stresses and the life expectancy of the boiler drum are derived according to the ASME code. Applying this method to the cold start-up process of a 300 MW boiler demonstrated the absence of errors caused by the boundary condition assumptions on the inner surface of the drum and testified that the method is an applicable technique for the online stress monitoring and fatigue life analysis of boiler drums.

Gauge Invariance of a Time-Dependent Harmonic Oscillator in Magnetic Dipole Approximation

A manifestly gauge-invariant formulation of non-relativistic quantum mechanics is applied to the case of time-dependent harmonic oscillator in the magnetic dipole approximation. A general equation for obtaining gauge-invariant transition probability amplitudes is derived.

Seasonal variations in the energy budget of Elliot's pheasant (Syrmaticus ellioti) in cage

This study aimed to discuss the energy budget of Elliot's pheasant Syrmaticus ellioti in different seasons, with life and health, good growth and normal digestion of Elliot's pheasant as the tested objects, The energy budget of Elliot's pheasant was measured by daily collection of the trial pheasants' excrement in the biological garden of Guangxi Normal University from March 2011 to February 2012. The results showed that the gross energy consumption, metabolic energy and excrement energy varied by season, increasing as temperature decreased. There was significant difference in gross energy consumption, metabolic energy, excrement energy between adults and nonages. There was also a trend that food digestibility of pheasants increases as temperature increases. In the same season, the food digestibility of adults was better than that of nonages. Throughout spring, summer, autumn and winter, the metabolic energy of 4-year adults were 305.77±13.40 kJ/d, 263.67±11.89 kJ/d, 357.23±25.49 kJ/d and 403.12±24.91 kJ/d, respectively, and the nonages were 284.86±17.22 kJ/d, 284. 66±15.16 kJ/d, 402. 26±31.46 kJ/d and 420. 30±31.98 kJ/d, respectively. The minimum metabolic energies were 247.65±21.81 g, 265.86±26.53 g, respectively for each group, detected between 4-year adults and 1-year nonages. Further study is needed to determine whether 29.6 C is the optimal temperature for the Elliot's pheasant.

Imaging of the Extra-axial Tumors and Tumor-like Lesions Involving both Middle and Posterior Cranial Fossae: Classification and Diagnosis

Objective: To study the imaging features of extra-axial tumors and tumor-likelesions involving both middle and posterior cranial fossae and to make a classification. Methods:Sixty cases of pathologically confirmed extra-axil tumors and tumor-like lesions involving bothmiddle and posterior cranial fossae were analyzed. They were divided into central and lateral types,the latter of which were subdivided into three types: middle cranial fossae type, posterior cranialfossae type and the over-riding type. The constitution and imaging features of each type wereanalyzed. Results: There were 12 cases of central type, including chordoma (n=5), pituitary adenoma(n=3), nasopharyngeal carcinoma (n=2), craniopharyn-gioma (n=1) and meningioma (n=l). 48 cases oflateral type including trigeminal nerve tumors (n=14), meningioma (n=12), epidermoid cyst (n=11),dural cavernous hemangioma (n=4), dermoid cyst (n=2), metastasis (n=2), hemangiopericytoma (n=1),paraganglioma of glonius jugular (n=1) and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (n=1). Each type of the lesionshad its own shape features, some of which were characteristic for some specific tumors. Most of thetumors and tumor-like lesions could be qualitatively diagnosed according to their imagingcharacteristics and the extent of the lesions could be defined definitely. Conclusion: It is helpfulto categorize extra-axial tumors and tumor-like lesions involving both middle and posterior cranialfossae according to their location for qualitative diagnosis and description of the extent of theselesions. It is of great clinical value in providing more precise and thorough imaging informationfor planning therapeutic methods and route of operation.

The Dialogue Between Cinema and Philosophy： Hannah Arendt by Margarethe Von Trotta

Hannah Arendt, the new film by the German director Margarethe Von Trotta, does not seem just like another trying to represent philosophy through the classic cinematic storytelling. It builds instead a perfect dialogue between these two practices that never encroach each other： There is not any doctrine that prevents cinema＇s freedom to create images and any philosophy claim that forces cinema to find in images an alternative way of expression. Von Trotta leaves any biopic form and stages a harmonic building where cinema fulfills philosophy and philosophy fulfills cinema. In this way she gets an outright practical exhibition of a theory, the ＂banality of evil＂. We want to comprehend the reasons of this perfect building analyzing this film, its characters with their acts, all the images their montage, and editing, everything that supports the Arendt＇s philosophical notion. We work on the film with the philosophical categories created by Gilles Deleuze to study the history of cinema in two essays, Image-mouvement and Image-time. In this way we can unfold how Margarethe Von Trotta represents a theory through images, without any word as intermediary

Object and Its Worry about Existence

The presented work describes principles of functioning of the object as a philosophical category on the basis of principles discovered in different, concrete objects. At the beginning, a supposition is thus made that principles are common and describe the fundamental mode of the organization of matter. The regeneration of its elements is the basic goal of the control of an object. The control systems try to allow elements to optimize their state depending on circumstances and occasionally in advance. The input system is the first one from these systems. It controls the input of material for the regeneration and at the same time is the source of primary information concerning its state in the environment and its development in time. The system of the control of the distribution of the energy named TOT is another element of the control. The system named EM0 controls the process of the regeneration on the basis of information about the successfulness of elements involved into the regeneration. Finally, the system named EM 1 controls the dynamics of the boundary of the object on the basis of information describing the tension on this boundary. The second goal of the control of an object, besides the regeneration, is to optimize the existence of the object as whole. New global criteria arise and are used throughout the process of the control for this sake.

On the Politeness in College English Teachers＇ Classroom Talk

Teachers＇ talk is an important aspect for conducting college English class effectively. It plays crucial roles in giving instructions, organizing classroom norm, and facilitating students＇ language acquisition. Based on Leech＇s Politeness Principle, this paper has analyzed the politeness in teachers＇ classroom talk and explored the functions it possesses as well. The study shows that the politeness feature of college English teachers＇ classroom talk is the consequences of observing each maxim of the Politeness Principle and is of the functions such as making effective cornmnication, keeping friendly relations with students, saving students＇ face, etc.. Conducting research on politeness in teachers＇ talk is conducive to understanding the process of language teaching and learning.

Reflections on Talents Training Mode of Music Education Major in Local Normal Universities

The local normal university is the cradle of training music teachers for rural primary and secondary schools. The talent training of the music education major in local normal universities has a direct influence on the basic music education reform in rural areas, and also decides the survival and development of the music education major in local normal universities. Based on the definition of the talent training mode of the music education major, this paper deeply majoring in music education in local normal universities. discusses the special quality and the training strategies of talents

The Correlation Between Mathematics and Music---Practice With the Students of the Pedagogical Faculty in Sarajevo

In contemporary times, the principle of interdisciplinarity has been applied more and more, and based on that, the educational system allows a certain subject not to be confined any longer within the limits set by its name and it also allows the cross-curricular connectedness. Led by that, the authors came up with the idea to examine the possibilities of the application of this principle within the courses of mathematics and music. This paper examines the relationship of correlation-integration-co-ordination, or linking-conjoining-harmonizing. The sample consists of the students at the fourth and fifth year of the Pedagogical Faculty in Sarajevo. The research topic is the correlation between mathematics and music. The research problem is the possibility to successfully realize a class in which mathematical and musical activities correlate. The aim of the research is to come up with some guidelines that would lead to a more successful application of the aforementioned correlation in practice. The conclusion is that we should work more on the possibilities of applying various forms of intercorrelation between subjects, to make the class content even more appropriate to the natural environment in which the child learns in a relaxed manner.